towards 3r in poland a review of related initiatives already in...
TRANSCRIPT
Towards 3R in Poland:A review of related initiatives already in
Place
Andrzej GrzymałaREC Poland - Director
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• Air, water and soil • Biological resources - plants and animals • Raw materials (like minerals) • Space and land• Wind, geothermal, tidal and solar energy
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Natural resources are finite
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Life of the products is shorter with each and every year
• Trends, fashion
• Poor quality
• Fast development of the technology
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Packaging introduced on the market vs. GDP
AUSTRIA GERMANY
SPAIN POLAND
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Would it last forever?
NO !!!Natural resources will end
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What shall we do?
We have to close the loop
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Poland
Area - 312,679 km2
Population – 38 483 957
GDP – $894,6 billion (2013)
GDP per capita – $23,228 (2013)
Generation of waste per capita is aprox. 340 kg
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Waste generated in Poland in 2004 and 2008
No. Types of waste
The mass of waste generated in thousands MgIncrease:
2008. Compare
d to 2004., In thousand
s. Mg
2004 2008
Total Total
Includinglarge
cities (> 50
thous.)
Small cities
Rural area
1 Paper and cardboard 2 181 1520,5 1045,0 302,5 173,0 -660,52 Glass 962 1216,3 545,9 323,4 347,0 254,33 Metals 531 279,0 146,0 48,5 84,5 -252,04 Plastics 1 560 1533,6 830,9 346,1 356,6 -26,45 Multimaterial waste 711 401,2 134,7 124,5 141,9 -309,86 Kitchen and garden waste 2 850 3888,6 1582,3 1156,7 1149,7 1038,67 Mineral wastes
1 472467,9 173 89,1 205,8
26,68 The fraction <10 mm 1030,7 229,7 215,7 585,39 Fabrics 174 325,8 124,8 126,8 74,2 151,8
10 Wood 192 44,8 12,8 9,3 22,7 -147,211 Hazardous waste 93 89,4 41,1 20 28,2 -3,612 Other categories 251 485,7 173 142,4 170,3 234,713 Bulky waste 499 268,3 141,8 82 44,5 -230,714 Green areas waste 326 549,4 292,1 166,8 90,6 223,4
Sum 11 802 12101 5472,9 3153,8 3474,4 299,0
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Poland - waste generation forecast
12528 12835 1303513609
1426514729
776175747287701569336800
15331533219021902190
3285
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
2011 2013 2014 2016 2020 2022
[Tho
us] M
g]Municipal waste generation forecast
Biodegradable waste generated forecast
The amount of biodegradable municipal waste accepted for disposal
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Recycling facilities in Poland
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Sortownia
Sorting facility
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Composting facility
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But it wasn’t like that before… • Illegal dumping
• Landfill that do not comply with standards posing
considerable risks to public health and the
environment
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But it wasn’t like that before… • Lack of waste management facilities
• Lack of national legislation
• Low level of awareness on waste issues
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Until regional recycling systems were established recycling were organized at local/municipal level.
The first stage were the bottom-up initiatives
•Influence the national legislation
•Influence other to increase public environmental
awareness
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Who trigger changes?
• NGOS
• Environmental aware teachers
• Environmental aware officials
• People who collect waste with their own single truck
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Who trigger changes?
Group of activists who were aware of the environmental protection began to segregate
•No separate collection infrastructure•No public campaigns•Segregate waste were put in separate bags to the one bin
(Why?)
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What to do to change the system?
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• Education
• Trends
• Lifestyle
What to do to change the system?
These are the powerful tools that can change the attitude of the one who don’t care.
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Business thinks with the excel file.
Why should I invest money in
recycling facilities and waste
collection infrastructure?
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Business thinks with the excel file.
What have to be changed to
make the investment
profitable?
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Business thinks with the excel file.
What I will get from the
municipality?
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Business thinks with the excel file.
Will the people be able to
meets the needs of
appropriate collection?
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CONSTANT WASTE STREAMS
What is the most important for investment in waste management sector?
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When someone sees that waste management is a profitable business the investments starts immediately.
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Cooperation between neighbouring
municipalities by joining forces together:
•Higher volumes of waste
•Common marketing activities
•Shared equipment
•Shared administrative costs
1+1=3
What can be done to boost the investment in infrastructure and facilities:
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What can be done to boost the investment in infrastructure and facilities:Public Private Participation (PPP)
•Help to develop the infrastructure with the
restricted budget
•Jobs creation
•Development of the region
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What can be done to boost the investment in infrastructure and facilities:
• waste are collected separately
• lower costs of collection
• could become a place for environmental
education activities
Drop-off
centres
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How to influence others to segregate?
Successful leaders see the opportunities in every difficulty rather than the
difficulty in every opportunity. Reed Markham
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Why should I segregate?
• Economic benefit
• Clean landscape
• Preserve environment quality (air, water,
climate)
• Decrease jeopardy of health influence
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Why should we segregate waste?
• Glass packaging (bottles, jars etc.) are 100% recyclable,
1,000 kg of recycled glass could save about 12 kg of oil
• 2,200 kg of tree trunks provide 1,000 kg of paper
With 1,000 kg of recycled paper we could save
130-170 kg of oil
• Plastic bottle left in the woods will ‘disapear’ after 500 year
• Energy saved from recycling one ton of aluminum is equal to
the amount of electricity the average home uses over 10 years
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Economic benefits
• Cost reduction of: solid waste collection,
transportation, and disposal
• Generate revenues from the sales of
recyclable materials
• Create jobs
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Examples of down to earth solution:• Waste glass - could be used as a bedding layer for
roads
• Ashes from household furnace/fireplace – hardening
of the paths at the landfill
• Replacement of the old equipment for the new one
• Second life of the product – new trend in interior
design
• Composting local scale
• Composting in the gardens of the households/schools
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Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
an environmental protection strategy to reach an environmental objective of
a decreased total environmental impact of a product, by making the
manufacturer of the product responsible for the entire life-cycle of the
product and especially for the take-back, recycling and final disposal.
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Upcycling
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Upcycling
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Upcycling
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Upcycling
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WHAT IS THE BEST AND THE MOST EFFICIENT STATE-OF-THE-ART
TECHNOLOGY?
THE PEOPLE!
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THE SECRET OF CHANGE IS TO FOCUS ALL OF YOUR ENERGY, NOT ON FIGHTING THE OLD,BUT ON BUILDING THE NEW
SOCRATES
FIRST THEY IGNORE YOU, THEN THEY LAUGH AT YOU,
THEN THEY FIGHT YOU, THEN YOU WIN.
MAHATMA GANDHI
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