total station ppt

8/19/2019 total station ppt

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Welcome to the presentation on‘TOTAL STATION’

From,

Shashank R Javalagi.


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BASICS OF

SURVEYING Surveying is the most important, oldest practice carried

out, which includes, taking of measurements on, below or

above the surface of the ground and to plan the course of

further actions, based on the findings of the survey.

The linear measurements and angular measurements aremeasured with the aid of few instruments, viz., tape,

chain, staff, dumpy level, theodolite, etc

ll the readings are noted in field books or survey records

and kept as a hard copy and the calculations are done

later in office !ith such surveying instruments, survey work will be slow

and tedious.


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INVENTION OF MODERNSURVEIN!

s an outcome of continuous technological development, in the last

few decades, new varieties of electronic instruments have been

invented.

!ith these inventions, modern surveying practices came into

e"istence.

#ence with modern surveying instruments, survey work will beprecise, faster and less tedious.

ll the readings are recorded automatically by the electronic

instruments in a microprocessor and based on these readings$

critical values are calculated by the microprocessor, at real time.

#ence, the data collected in microprocessor is directly transferredand stored in the computer as a softcopy.

#ence modern surveying instruments are becoming more popular

and they are gradually replacing old surveying instruments such as

compass and %umpy level.


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MODERN SURVEIN!INSTRUMENTS

%igital level

&%'(&lectronic distancemeasurement

Total station

uto level


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INTRODU"TION TO TOTAL STATION

The total station is an improvised version of modern

surveying instruments such as &%' ) &lectronic distance

measurement, auto level and digital level.

Total station is a combination of an electronic theodolite and

an electronic distance meter *&'%+. This combination makes it possible to determine the

coordinates of reflector by aligning the instruments cross

hair on the reflector and simultaneously measuring the

vertical and horizontal angles and slope distances.

-n board micro(processor in the instrument, takes care ofrecording, readings and the necessary computations. The

data can be easily transferred to a computer where it can be

used to generate map.


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ROBOTIC

TOTAL STATION

The improvised total station by name R--T/0

T-T1 STT/-2 allows the operator to control the

instrument from a distance via remote control.

This eliminates the need of an assistant staff member,as the operator holds the reflector and controls the

total station from the observed point.

R--T/0T-T1 STT/-2


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FUNCTIONS OF TOTAL STATION:

Coordinates determination:

Total station determines the coordinates of an unknown

point relative to the known coordinate by establishing a direct line of

sight between the two points. ngles and distances are measured

from the total station to points under survey and the coordinates of

surveyed points relative to the total station position are calculated

using trigonometry and triangulation. Some total stations have3lobal 2avigation Satellite System *32SS+, which does not re4uire

direct line of sight to determine coordinates.

Distance measurement:

total station has a small solid state

emitter within the instruments optical path. They generate

modulated microwave or infrared signals that are reflected by a

prism reflector or the ob5ect under survey. The modulation pattern in

the returning signal is read and interpreted by the computer in the

total station. The distance is thus determined by emitting and

receiving multiple fre4uencies and determining the integer number

of wavelength, to the target, for each fre4uency.


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Angular measurement:

'ost of the modern total stations have digital bar(

codes on rotating glass cylinder that are installed within the

instrument. ngle measurements is done through electro(optical

scanning of these digital bar(codes.

Data processing:

The data recorded by the instrument may be downloaded

from the theodolite to a computer and the application software in

turn generates a map of the survey area. 'any advanced models oftotal station have built(in micro(processor to record and compute

distances, horizontal and vertical angles.


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ADVANTAGES OF TOTAL STATION

'ost accurate and user friendly.

3ives position of a point *", y and z+ w. r. t. known point *basepoint+.

&%' is fitted inside the telescope.

%igital display.

-n board memory to store data and compatibility with computers.

'easures distance and angles and displays coordinates,

uto level compensator is available.

0an work in lesser visibility also.

0an measure distances even without prismatic target for lesser

distances.

/s water proof.

-n board software are available.

Total solution for surveying work.


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APPLICATIONS OF TOTAL STATION

IN VARITIES OF FIELDS:

'ainly used by land

surveyors.

6sed by archaeologists torecord e"cavations.

y 7olice, crime scene

investigators, private accident

re(constructionists and

insurance companies to take

measurements of scenes.

IN CIVIL ENGG FIELD SED

FOR:

3eneral purpose angle

measurements. 3eneral purpose distance

measurement.

7rovision of control surveys. 0ontour and detail mapping. Setting out and construction

work.


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AUXILIARY EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED:

Targets or 7risms to accurately define the target point of a direction

measurement.

data recorder if one is not integrated into the total station.

download cable and software on a 70 to capture and process the

captured digital data to produce contour and detail maps.


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CONCLUSION

Total station makes the measurements more accurate.

Total station records the data on its inbuilt data recorder and

generates maps within a fraction of time.

#ence time consuming will be less and Total station made survey

work easy.

#ence T-T1 STT/-2 /S T-T1 S-16T/-2 F-R S6R8&9

!-R:.


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END


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T!AN" #O

total station ppt

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