tospoviruses-2

Virus Disease ComplexVirus Disease ComplexVirus Disease ComplexVectorVectorVector

PlantPlantPlant VirusVirusVirus

Common Vectors:Common Vectors:Common Vectors:People:People:People:

TobamovirusesTobamovirusesTobamovirusesTobacco mosaic virus (TMV)Tobacco mosaic virusTobacco mosaic virus (TMV)(TMV)Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)Tomato mosaic virus Tomato mosaic virus ((ToMVToMV))

Common Vectors:Common Vectors:Common Vectors:Insects:Insects:Insects:

Aphids - PotyvirusesAphids Aphids -- PotyvirusesPotyvirusesTobacco etch virus (TEV)Tobacco etch virusTobacco etch virus (TEV)(TEV)Potato virus Y (PVY)Potato virus YPotato virus Y (PVY)(PVY)Bidens mottle virus (BiMoV)BidensBidens mottle virusmottle virus ((BiMoVBiMoV))

Aphids - CucumovirusesAphids Aphids -- CucumovirusesCucumovirusesCucumber mosaic virus (CMV)Cucumber mosaic virusCucumber mosaic virus (CMV)(CMV)


Whiteflies - GeminivirusesWhiteflies Whiteflies -- GeminivirusesGeminivirusesTomato yellow leaf curl virusTomato yellow leaf curl virusTomato yellow leaf curl virus

(TYLCV)(TYLCV)(TYLCV)

Whiteflies - PotyvirusesWhiteflies Whiteflies -- PotyvirusesPotyvirusesCucumber vein yellowingCucumber vein yellowingCucumber vein yellowing

Squash vein yellowingSquash vein yellowingSquash vein yellowingvirus (CVYV)virusvirus (CVYV)(CVYV)

virus (SqVYV)virus (virus (SqVYVSqVYV))


Thrips - IlarvirusesThripsThrips -- IlarvirusesIlarvirusesTobacco streak virus (TSV)Tobacco streak virus Tobacco streak virus (TSV)(TSV)

Thrips - TospovirusesThripsThrips -- TospovirusesTospovirusesTomato spotted wilt virusTomato spotted wilt virusTomato spotted wilt virus

(TSWV)(TSWV)(TSWV)Impatiens necrotic spot virusImpatiens necrotic spot virusImpatiens necrotic spot virus

(INSV)(INSV)(INSV)

TospovirusesTospovirusesTospoviruses

Scott AdkinsScott AdkinsScott AdkinsUSDA-ARS-USHRLUSDAUSDA--ARSARS--USHRLUSHRLFort Pierce, FloridaFort Pierce, FloridaFort Pierce, Florida

Tim MomolTim Tim MomolMomolUF-Plant PathologyUFUF--Plant PathologyPlant Pathology

Quincy, FloridaQuincy, FloridaQuincy, Florida

Plant PathogensPlant PathogensPlant PathogensTospoviruses asTospovirusesTospoviruses asas

Plant PathogensPlant PathogensPlant Pathogens

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)ToTomatomato spospottedtted wilt viruswilt virus (TSWV)(TSWV)

Tospoviruses asTospovirusesTospoviruses asas

Historical PerspectiveHistorical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective1915 - “spotted wilt disease”

in Australia1915 1915 -- ““spotted wilt diseasespotted wilt disease””

in Australiain Australia




1930 - viral cause demonstrated1930 1930 -- viral cause demonstratedviral cause demonstrated- TSWV coined-- TSWV coinedTSWV coined




1930 - viral cause demonstrated1930 1930 -- viral cause demonstratedviral cause demonstrated- TSWV coined-- TSWV coinedTSWV coined

1990’s - several similar viruses identified & characterized

19901990’’s s -- several similar viruses several similar viruses identified & characterizedidentified & characterized

- Tospovirus genus created-- TospovirusTospovirus genus createdgenus createdwithin Bunyaviridae family within within BunyaviridaeBunyaviridae family family

Family BunyaviridaeFamily Family BunyaviridaeBunyaviridaeGenus TospovirusGenus Genus TospovirusTospovirus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)Impatiens necrotic spot virusChrysanthemum stem necrosis virusPeanut bud necrosis virusGroundnut ringspot virusWatermelon silver mottle virusZucchini lethal chlorosis virusIris yellow spot virusTomato chlorotic spot virusCapsicum chlorosis virusCalla lily chlorotic spot virus

ToTomato mato spospotted wilt virustted wilt virus (TSWV)(TSWV)Impatiens necrotic spot virusImpatiens necrotic spot virusChrysanthemum stem necrosisChrysanthemum stem necrosis virusvirusPeanut bud necrosis virusPeanut bud necrosis virusGroundnut Groundnut ringspotringspot virusvirusWatermelon silver mottle virusWatermelon silver mottle virusZucchini lethal Zucchini lethal chlorosischlorosis virusvirusIris yellow spot virusIris yellow spot virusTomato Tomato chloroticchlorotic spot virusspot virusCapsicum Capsicum chlorosischlorosis virusvirusCalla lily Calla lily chloroticchlorotic spot virusspot virus

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV)Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virusPeanut bud necrosis virusGroundnut ringspot virusWatermelon silver mottle virusZucchini lethal chlorosis virusIris yellow spot virus (IYSV)Tomato chlorotic spot virusCapsicum chlorosis virusCalla lily chlorotic spot virus

Tomato spotted wilt virusTomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)(TSWV)Impatiens necrotic spot virus Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV)(INSV)Chrysanthemum stem necrosisChrysanthemum stem necrosis virusvirusPeanut bud necrosis virusPeanut bud necrosis virusGroundnut Groundnut ringspotringspot virusvirusWatermelon silver mottle virusWatermelon silver mottle virusZucchini lethal Zucchini lethal chlorosischlorosis virusvirusIris yellow spot virusIris yellow spot virus (IYSV)(IYSV)Tomato Tomato chloroticchlorotic spot virusspot virusCapsicum Capsicum chlorosischlorosis virusvirusCalla lily Calla lily chloroticchlorotic spot virusspot virus

Tospoviruses in the U.S.TospovirusesTospoviruses in the U.S.in the U.S.

Tospoviruses in tomatoes:Tospoviruses in tomatoes:Tospoviruses in tomatoes:

Tomato spotted wilt virusTomato chlorotic spot virusPeanut bud necrosis virusCapsicum chlorosis virusThai tomato virus

Tomato spotted wilt virusTomato spotted wilt virusTomato Tomato chloroticchlorotic spot virusspot virusPeanut bud necrosis virusPeanut bud necrosis virusCapsicum Capsicum chlorosischlorosis virusvirusThai tomato virusThai tomato virus

Why care about TSWV?Why care about TSWV?Why care about TSWV?

TSWV Disease ComplexTSWV Disease ComplexTSWV Disease Complex

ThripsThripsThrips

PlantPlantPlant VirusVirusVirus

Virus: wide host range and geographic distribution

Virus:Virus: wide wide host range and host range and geographic distributiongeographic distribution

Why is TSWV such a problem?Why is TSWV such a problem?Why is TSWV such a problem?

Thrips: wide host range and geographic distribution

ThripsThrips:: wide wide host range and host range and geographic distributiongeographic distribution

In temperate, subtropical andIn temperate, subtropical andIn temperate, subtropical andtropical regions worldwidetropical regions worldwidetropical regions worldwide

Tospovirus CharacteristicsTospovirusTospovirus CharacteristicsCharacteristics

1) Unique morphology2) Unique genome3) Thrips-transmitted4) Wide-narrow host range

1) Unique morphology1) Unique morphology2) Unique genome2) Unique genome3) 3) ThripsThrips--transmittedtransmitted4) Wide4) Wide--narrow host rangenarrow host range

1) Tospovirus virion morphology1) 1) TospovirusTospovirus virionvirion morphologymorphology

RNARNARNA

2.92.92.9

4.84.84.8

8.98.98.9 LLL

MMM

SSS

kbkbkb

ProteinProteinProtein

292929

585858

787878

331331331LLL

GNGGNN

GCGGCC

NNN

kDkDkD

ssRNA VirusesssRNAssRNA VirusesViruses

negative-sense genomenegativenegative--sense genomesense genometomato spotted wilt, sonchus yellow nettomato spotted wilt, tomato spotted wilt, sonchussonchus yellow netyellow netinfluenza, hantaan, Ebolainfluenza, influenza, hantaanhantaan, Ebola, EbolaRNA not infectiousRNA RNA notnot infectiousinfectiousencapsidate RdRpencapsidateencapsidate RdRpRdRp

positive-sense genomepositivepositive--sense genomesense genomebrome mosaic, tobacco mosaicbrome mosaic, tobacco mosaicbrome mosaic, tobacco mosaicpolio, hepatitis Cpolio, hepatitis Cpolio, hepatitis CRNA infectiousRNA infectiousRNA infectiouscode for RNA-dependent RNA polymerasecode for RNAcode for RNA--dependent RNA polymerasedependent RNA polymerase

((RdRpRdRp))

2) Tospovirus genome organization2) 2) TospovirusTospovirus genome organizationgenome organizationN (nucleocapsid)N (nucleocapsid)

NSs (RNA silencing suppressor)NSsNSs (RNA silencing suppressor)(RNA silencing suppressor)S vRNA

(ambisense)S vRNA

(ambisense)5’55’’ 3’33’’

NSm (movement & RNA binding)NSm (movement & RNA binding)

GN & GC (attachment?)GGNN & G& GCC (attachment?)(attachment?)

L (RdRp?)L (L (RdRpRdRp?)?)L vRNA(-) sense

L vRNA(-) sense

M vRNA(ambisense)M vRNA(ambisense)

3) Thrips-transmitted3) 3) ThripsThrips--transmittedtransmitted

ViruliferousViruliferousAdultsAdults Non-feedingNon-feeding

Pupal StagesPupal Stages

AcquisitionAcquisitionby Larvaeby Larvae

SymptomSymptomExpressionExpression

DiseaseDiseaseDiseaseCycleCycleCycle

TospovirusTospovirusTospovirus

FrankliniellaFrankliniellaFrankliniellaoccidentalisoccidentalisoccidentalis

F. fuscaF. F. fuscafuscaThrips tabaciThripsThrips tabacitabaci

intermediateintermediateintermediatebroadbroadbroad narrownarrownarrow

INSVINSVINSVTSWVTSWVTSWV IYSVIYSVIYSV

4) Tospovirus host range4) 4) TospovirusTospovirus host rangehost range

TSWV host rangeTSWV host rangeTSWV host rangetomatotomatotomato

peanutpeanutpeanutornamentalsornamentalsornamentals

tobaccotobaccotobaccoweedsweedsweedspepperpepperpepper

Variation in TSWV symptomsVariation in TSWV symptomsVariation in TSWV symptomson tomato leaveson tomato leaveson tomato leaves

Consult a professional!Consult a professional!Consult a professional!

Tospovirus detectionTospovirusTospovirus detectiondetection

Tospovirus detectionTospovirusTospovirus detectiondetectionELISAELISAELISA


+++222 333 MMMRT-PCRRTRT--PCRPCR


+++222 333 MMMRT-PCRRTRT--PCRPCR

antibody-basedantibodyantibody--basedbased nucleic acid-basednucleic acidnucleic acid--basedbased

Tospovirus detectionTospovirusTospovirus detectiondetectionIndicatorIndicatorIndicator

hostshostshosts

NicotianaNicotianaNicotianaglutinosaglutinosaglutinosa

Tospovirus detectionTospovirusTospovirus detectiondetectionIndicatorIndicatorIndicator

hostshostshosts

NicotianaNicotianaNicotianaglutinosaglutinosaglutinosa

InclusionInclusionInclusionbodiesbodiesbodies

Azure AAzure AAzure A

Consult a professional!Consult a professional!Consult a professional!

Tospovirus detectionTospovirusTospovirus detectiondetection

Tospoviruses on the moveTospovirusesTospoviruses on the moveon the move

New hosts for known virusesNew hosts for known virusesNew hosts for known viruses

New virusesNew virusesNew viruses

New thrips vectorsNew New thripsthrips vectorsvectors

TSWV in hostaTSWV in TSWV in hostahosta

Momol, Dankers & AdkinsMomolMomol, , DankersDankers & Adkins& AdkinsPlant Health Progress 24 Oct 2003Plant Health ProgressPlant Health Progress 24 Oct 200324 Oct 2003

New hosts for known virusesNew hosts for known virusesNew hosts for known viruses

in Floridain Floridain Florida

New hosts for known virusesNew hosts for known virusesNew hosts for known virusesTSWV in American black nightshadeTSWV in American black nightshadeTSWV in American black nightshade(Solanum americanum), spring 2003((SolanumSolanum americanumamericanum), spring 2003), spring 2003

http://extlab7.entnem.ufl.edu/PestAlert/sa-0408.htmhttp://extlab7.entnem.ufl.edu/PestAlert/sahttp://extlab7.entnem.ufl.edu/PestAlert/sa--0408.htm0408.htm

Capsicum chlorosis virus hasCapsicum Capsicum chlorosischlorosis virus hasvirus hasNew TospovirusesNew New TospovirusesTospoviruses

Australasian Plant Pathology 31:231-239Australasian Plant PathologyAustralasian Plant Pathology 31:23131:231--239239McMichael, Persley & Thomas, 2002McMichaelMcMichael, , PersleyPersley & Thomas, 2002& Thomas, 2002

displaced TSWV in tomatoesdisplaced TSWV in tomatoesdisplaced TSWV in tomatoesand peppers in Australiaand peppers in Australiaand peppers in Australia

Similar virus with wider hostSimilar virus with wider hostSimilar virus with wider hostNew TospovirusesNew New TospovirusesTospoviruses

range found in Thailandrange found in Thailandrange found in Thailand

chillichillichillisweetsweetsweetpepperpepperpepper

tomatotomatotomato

Chiemsombat, 2004ChiemsombatChiemsombat, 2004, 2004

Similar virus with wider hostSimilar virus with wider hostSimilar virus with wider hostNew TospovirusesNew New TospovirusesTospoviruses

Chiemsombat, 2004ChiemsombatChiemsombat, 2004, 2004

range found in Thailandrange found in Thailandrange found in Thailand

chillichillichillisweetsweetsweetpepperpepperpepper

tomatotomatotomato

watermelonwatermelonwatermelon

Calla lily chlorotic spot virusCalla lily Calla lily chloroticchlorotic spot virusspot virus(CCSV) found in Taiwan(CCSV) found in Taiwan(CCSV) found in Taiwan

New TospovirusesNew New TospovirusesTospoviruses

Plant Disease 89:440-445Plant Disease Plant Disease 89:44089:440--445445Chen et al., 2005Chen et al., 2005Chen et al., 2005

Scirtothrips dorsalis (ChilliScirtothripsScirtothrips dorsalisdorsalis ((ChilliChilliNew thrips vectorsNew New thripsthrips vectorsvectors

thrips) found in Floridathripsthrips) found in Florida) found in Florida



Fall 2005Fall 2005Fall 2005



S. dorsalisS. S. dorsalisdorsalis


thrips) found in Floridathripsthrips) found in Florida) found in FloridaVectors TSWV, Peanut bud necrosisVectors Vectors TSWVTSWV, , Peanut bud necrosisPeanut bud necrosis

Peanut yellow spot virus (PYSV)Peanut yellow spot virusPeanut yellow spot virus (PYSV)(PYSV)

virus (PBNV), Peanut chloroticvirusvirus (PBNV), (PBNV), Peanut Peanut chloroticchloroticfan-spot virus (PCFSV) &fanfan--spot virusspot virus (PCFSV) &(PCFSV) &

It’s a small world…ItIt’’s a small worlds a small world……

All is not lost…All is not lostAll is not lost……


…successes in TSWV……successes in TSWVsuccesses in TSWVmanagementmanagementmanagement


…successes in TSWV……successes in TSWVsuccesses in TSWVmanagementmanagementmanagement

Avoidance - virus-free transplantsAvoidance Avoidance -- virusvirus--free transplantsfree transplants

IPM - UV-reflective mulch, acibenzolarIPM IPM -- UVUV--reflective mulch, reflective mulch, acibenzolaracibenzolarS-methyl (Actigard), insecticidesSS--methyl (methyl (ActigardActigard), insecticides), insecticides

TSWV management - tomatoTSWV management TSWV management -- tomatotomato

IPM - UV-reflective mulch, pirate bugIPM IPM -- UVUV--reflective mulch, pirate bugreflective mulch, pirate bug(Orius insidiosus)((OriusOrius insidiosusinsidiosus))

TSWV management - pepperTSWV management TSWV management -- pepperpepper

IPM - planting date, cultivar selectionIPM IPM -- planting date, cultivar selectionplanting date, cultivar selectionand insecticidesand insecticidesand insecticides

TSWV management - peanutTSWV management TSWV management -- peanutpeanut

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

Carrie VanderspoolCarrie VanderspoolHeather BarberHeather BarberShannon ClarkShannon ClarkKenneth SimmsKenneth Simms

USDA-ARS-USHRLUSDA-ARS-USHRL

Dan ChellemiDan ChellemiUSDA-ARS-USHRLUSDA-ARS-USHRL

Jim GilreathJim GilreathUniversity of FloridaUniversity of Florida

Jane PolstonJane PolstonHank DankersHank Dankers

Pissawan ChiemsombatPissawan ChiemsombatKasetsart UniversityKasetsart University

Stuart ReitzStuart ReitzUSDA-ARS-CMAVEUSDA-ARS-CMAVE

tospoviruses-2

Documents

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fusca thrips

tospovirus

thrips vectorsscirtothrips

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