topic d2. monitoring, reporting and verification (mrv) for ......mrv is • then we will see the...

27
MRV for Wetlands. 1

Upload: others

Post on 26-Feb-2021

5 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

MRV for Wetlands.

1

Page 2: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

• By way of introduction we will learn what Monitoring, Reporting and Verification or MRV is

• Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV

• Having learned that it is also important to know what monitoring, reporting and verification is intended for

• Since the most recent debate on Monitoring, Reporting and Verification is focused on Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation we will discuss how it is framed in national and sub national contexts

• Before summarizing, we will see the possible direction of Monitoring, Reporting and Verification in Wetlands

2

Page 3: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

• MRV is an important procedure which one can use to appear more transparent and trustable; using MRV can help one to decide what to expect from a particular action

• It can be used to estimate emission and emission reduction, provided that a reference level, as discussed in the previous topic, is available. Therefore, it can improve mitigation policy and measures to improve further actions; it can be used to estimate financial‐related matters.

• In short, it is almost impossible to find markets without a robust MRV system.

3

Page 4: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

•MRV has three different elements (monitoring, reporting and verification) but they are related, and we examine the scope of each element.

•First, let’s look at measurement.

•This cuts across various levels and 

4

Page 5: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

institutions when the expected data quality is controlled and assured.

•In general, measurements are expected to generate activity data (AD) involving land‐use change over a period of time, and emission factors (EF) indicating change in greenhouse gas emission per unit mass of carbon per unit area concerned.

•By multiplying AD and EF, one can estimate emissions at the level under consideration.

4

Page 6: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

•The scope of reporting follows the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)‘s Conference of the Parties (COP) decisions concerning: National Greenhouse Gas Inventory, National Communication, Biennial Update Reports (BURs), and 

5

Page 7: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)

•The activities reported follows the sectoral approach and type of gas in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

•The reports strictly follow the methodologies outlined in the IPCC guidelines

5

Page 8: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

•While robust verification is implemented to control and assure data quality, the process is not intended to control countries

•It is expected to eventually improve the performance of the responsible national entity

6

Page 9: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

•While the guidelines for a national greenhouse gas inventory is improving, MRV for National Communication, normally based on the inventory, has also considerably improved over time.

•The ‘common but differentiated 

7

Page 10: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

responsibility principle’ is demonstrated here. Developed countries report more frequently than developing countries that have more limited resources and capacity•COP16 decision suggests that developing countries should submit their national communications (which include national greenhouse gas inventories) every 4 years.

7

Page 11: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

•Biennial Update Report is a new reporting system intended for developing countries.

•At COP17, it was decided that they will submit the first reports by December 2014 and subsequent ones every 2 years thereafter. 

8

Page 12: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

• It contains updates of national greenhouse gas inventories, and information on mitigation actions.

•The least developed country (LDC) parties and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) may submit biennial update reports at their discretion.

8

Page 13: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

• Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions or NAMA was conceptually introduced in the Bali Action Plan 2007.

• MRV helps identify national priorities as well as challenges and opportunities, policy planning and prioritization.

• It is also useful for internal national record, tracking progress e.g. emission reductions and to demonstrate to donors the emission reduction and impacts of NAMAs.

9

Page 14: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

•Like Biennial Update Reports, Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) are implemented by developing country Parties. •There are Unilateral NAMAs and Supported NAMAs that are enabled by technology, financing 

10

Page 15: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

and capacity building, in a measurable, reportable and verifiable manner.•The role of carbon markets in financing NAMAs is under discussion among various stakeholders and includes the concept of credited NAMAs.

10

Page 16: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

•For Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Plus, the MRV system and process is still at the capacity development stage.

•To speed up the process, early actions will need to deal with partial MRV but leakage need to 

11

Page 17: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

be assessed nationally.

•Links with evolving benefit‐sharing mechanisms is encouraged and there should be synergy of national and local monitoring.

11

Page 18: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

To frame the monitoring element, we could start from the experience in national communication using IPCC guidelines, particularly in the land‐use sector that can be improved in the future.

12

Page 19: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

Based on the national REDD strategy, the land‐used involved may be broadened to allow potential leakages to be taken care of.

13

Page 20: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

In the meantime, a reference level may be developed using existing and best available data.

14

Page 21: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

Then the integration with REDD mechanisms may be performed at national and subnational or local levels

15

Page 22: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

Finally, performing National REDD implementation may be internationally verified.

16

Page 23: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

• While promoting a subnational and local MRV process, countries could adopt low cost and robust participatory MRV to implement safeguards (social and environment) at the same level.

• Capacity building should be part of the feedback loop between national and local processes.

17

Page 24: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

• Use international verification to anticipate participation in results‐based schemes.• Adopt 2013 Supplement of 2006 IPCC Guidelines for greenhouse gas national 

inventories for wetlands.• Take advantage of existing national forest monitoring and inventory systems, 

including FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA).• Consistently cover emissions and removals estimates, with reference levels.• Interim performance reporting including biennial update report (BUR) or NAMA can 

catalyse progress on MRV and the broader climate change mitigation agenda.

18

Page 25: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

• Continuous MRV improvements is important to encourage broad participation and step‐wise progress (i.e. along REDD+ phases).

• National forest monitoring system is already in place.

• Linking data and estimates to financial incentives and benefit‐sharing 

• Reduce uncertainties by improving institutional and individual capacities at all levels

• Sustained support on the national and subnational processes at the international level.

• Developing countries, especially those with extensive wetlands, have opportunities to develop their MRV systems

19

Page 26: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

Here are some key references, from which, this presentation is developed

20

Page 27: Topic D2. Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) for ......MRV is • Then we will see the scope of each element of MRV • Having learned that it is also important to know what

21