topic : cells aim : describe the different cell organelles and their functions
DESCRIPTION
TOPIC : Cells AIM : Describe the different cell organelles and their functions. Do Now : Explain what organisms consist of. HW : Read p. 39. Write a paragraph describing the two types of cells that exist. Cell Membrane. “SECURITY GUARD”. Cell membranes are like gates. Plasma Membrane - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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TOPIC: Cells
AIM: Describe the different cell organelles and their functions.
Do Now: Take out your cell organelle reading notes AND your numbers.
HW: Atom project due Monday!
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A process in which glucose is broken down to release energy is called
(1)diffusion
(2) respiration
(3) photosynthesis
(4) osmosis
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An organism that cannot produce its own food.
(1)autotroph
(2) plant
(3) cell
(4) heterotroph
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The absorption and circulation of materials within an organism is called
(1)respiration
(2) nutrition
(3) excretion
(4) transport
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The removal of metabolic wastes is known as
(1)respiration
(2) regulation
(3) excretion
(4) homeostasis
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The control and coordination of all life processes is called
(1) excretion
(2) regulation
(3) nutrition
(4) growth
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The maintenance of a stable internal environment is known as
(1)respiration
(2) homeostasis
(3) excretion
(4) transport
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The production of new individuals is called
(1) reproduction
(2) nutrition
(3) excretion
(4) regulation
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The sum total of all life activities within an organism makes up an organism’s
(1)respiration
(2) metabolism
(3) excretion
(4) homeostasis
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An organism made up of only one cell is called
(1)multicellular
(2) prokaryotic
(3) unicellular
(4) eukaryotic
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Identify what is needed for growth to occur.
(1) water
(2) metabolic wastes
(3) energy
(4) electrolytes
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The process in which simple substances are combined to make more complex substances is called
(1)synthesis
(2) metabolism
(3) respiration
(4) homeostasis
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFuEo2ccTPA
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1. Identify the small structures that carry out specific functions within the cell.
• ORGANELLES
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Cell Membrane
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“SECURITY GUARD ”
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2. Describe the phrase selectively permeable.
• It controls what substances come into and out of the cell.
Substances that enter cell:- Gases such as CO2 and O2
- H2O- Sugars- Amino acids- Glycerol- Fatty acidsSubstances that exit cells:- Urea- Uric acid- Gases such as CO2
- Mucus- Hormones
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• Outside boundary that separates the cell from its environment.
• Selectively permeable
• FOUND IN BLOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
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Cell wall
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•RIGID layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organism.
•Protects and supports a cell (strong and sturdy)
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•Made up of cellulose•ONLY IN PLANT CELLS
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CELL WALL
Cell Membrane
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Cytoplasm
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3. Is the cytoplasm considered a cell organelle? Support your answer.
• Cytoplasm is not a structure.
• It holds the cell organelles.
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Cytoplasm is the gelatin-like material that is found inside the cell membrane.
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• Region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
• Made up mostly of water
• Where cell organelles are found
• Where some chemical reactions occur
• IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
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Cyclosis: movement of cytoplasm around the cell
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Identify the cell organelle being described.
1.Controls what enters and leaves the cell.
1.Only found in plant cells.
2.Liquid material inside the cell.
3.Is rigid to protect and support the cell.
1.Selectively permeable.
2.Where some chemical reactions occur.
3.Non-living part of the cell.
4.Is not a cell organelle.
cell membrane
cell wall
cytoplasm
cell wall
cell membrane
cytoplasmcell wall
cytoplasm
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Nucleus
MEMBRANE-BOUND???
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“BRAIN” of the cell
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4. Identify the genetic material found inside the nucleus.
• DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
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5. Describe the function of DNA.
• It controls everything about an organism.
• Found in chromosomes
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•Cell’s control center, directing cell activities
•Contains DNA •IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
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•Nucleolus: inside the nucleus
- produce ribosomes
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Nuclear envelope
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•Surrounds the nucleus•Pores substances to move in and out of nucleus
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Nucleus of a Mouse Spleen Cell
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Onion Cells
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Cheek Cell
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Mitochondria
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“POWERHOUSE” of the cellMighty Mitochondria
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MEMBRANE-BOUND???
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•Produces ENERGY
•IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
ATP
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Ribosomes
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•Produce proteins
(enzymes, hormones, antibodies, hemoglobin)
•IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
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•In cytoplasm
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- Attached to ER
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
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“HIGHWAY OF THE CELL ”
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•Passageways that carry substances throughout cell
•IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
•2 types:
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Rough ER Smooth ER
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• Rough ER: ribosomes on surface• Smooth ER: no ribosomes
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Rough ER
Smooth ER
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Golgi Bodies
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“UPS / POST OFFICE”
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• Stacks of flattened membranes
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• Receive proteins from the ER, package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell
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Vacuoles
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• STORAGE areas of the cell• Stores materials (food, water,
wastes, etc…)
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•Animal = many small •Plant = few large
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Lysosome
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•Contain digestive enzymes to–BREAK DOWN food, cell wastes, and worn our cell parts
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Chloroplasts• Capture energy from
sunlight and convert it into glucose (food) for the cell
(PHOTOSYNTHESIS)• Contain chlorophyll
(green)• FOUND IN PLANT
CELLS
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Centrioles •Help in CELL DIVISION
•FOUND IN ANIMAL CELLS
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Review: Identify the cell organelle described.
1.Controls all cell activities
2.Produces energy
3.Stores materials
4.Controls what enters and leaves cells
5.Produces proteins
6.Rigid outer structure that protects and supports the cell
7.Transports substances throughout the cell
8.Where photosynthesis occurs
9.Holds all cell organelles
10.Surrounds the nucleus
11.Helps in cell division in animal cells
12.Produces ribosomes
13.Where DNA is found
14.ER that is not covered with ribosomes
nucleus
nuclear envelope
vacuolescell membrane
ribosomes cell wall
ER
chloroplast
cytoplasm
mitochondria
centrioles
nucleolusnucleus
Smooth ER
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Cell membrane
Cell wall
cytoplasm
vacuole
nucleus
chloroplast
centriolesmitochondria
ER
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L. mitochondria
A. Cell membrane
B. Ribosome
C. cytoplasm D. vacuole
E. ER
F. lysosome
G. nucleus
H. chromosomes
I. Nuclear Mem.
J. Nucleolus
K. Golgi BodiesM. CentriolesLet’s Label!!!
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1
2
34
5
6
7
8
78
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A. Cell Wall
B. Cell Membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Nuclear Mem
E. Chromosomes
G. ER
F. Nucleolus
H. Ribosome
I. Chloroplast
J. Cytoplasm
K. Golgi Bodies
L. Mitochondria
M. Vacuole
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E
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In which organelle would water and dissolved minerals be stored?
(1.) vacuole (2.) lysosome
(3.) nucleus (4.) ribosome
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The rigidity (support) of a plant cell is due primarily to the presence of the (1.) DNA
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) cell wall
(4.) lysosomes
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The structure most closely associated with the destruction of worn out cell organelles is the
(1.) lysosome
(2.) vacuole
(3.) golgi apparatus
(4.) chromosome
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Which structure is found ONLY in animal cells?
(1.) cell wall
(2.) vacuoles
(3.) centrioles
(4.) ribosomes
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The organelle most closely associated with the manufacture of proteins within the cell is the
(1.) ribosome
(2.) lysosome
(3.) nucleolus
(4.) cell membrane
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7. Which structure chiefly functions in intracellular transport?
(1.) vacuole
(2.) mitochondrion
(3.) golgi apparatus
(4.) endoplasmic reticulum
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8. The cell wall is
(1.) selectively permeable
(2.) rigid
(3.) living
(4.) a hardened cell membrane
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9. Cyanide, a metabolic poison, interferes with the production of energy. Which cell organelle does cyanide most directly influence first in this situation?
(1.) nucleus (2.) lysosome
(3.) mitochondria (4.) ribosomes
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The rigidity (support) of a plant cell is due primarily to the presence of the (1.) DNA
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) cell wall
(4.) lysosomes
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The structure most closely associated with the destruction of worn out cell organelles is the
(1.) lysosome
(2.) vacuole
(3.) golgi apparatus
(4.) chromosome
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Which structure is found ONLY in animal cells?
(1.) cell wall
(2.) vacuoles
(3.) centrioles
(4.) ribosomes
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The organelle most closely associated with the manufacture of proteins within the cell is the
(1.) ribosome
(2.) lysosome
(3.) nucleolus
(4.) cell membrane
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10. The structure that is known as the control center of the cell is the
(1.) vacuole (2.) cell membrane
(3.) lysosome (4.) nucleus