topic 3: governance, fragility, and failure: implications for livelihoods

8/11/2019 Topic 3: Governance, Fragility, and Failure: Implications for Livelihoods

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Topic 3Governance,

Fragility, andFailure:

Implications forLivelihoods


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Table of Contents1. Common terms of

reference2. Defininggovernance,fragility, etc.

3. So whatsgovernancegot to do with it?

4. From Governanceto Fragility

5. From Fragility toFailure


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Common Terms of Reference Nation-state

Governance Good governance

Good enough

governance Weak state

Fragile state

Failing state Capacity-building

Peacebuilding

Peaceimplementation

Nation-building

Stabilization Reconstruction

Failed state

Recovering state State-building

Poverty

Which terms do you recognize and can you define?

S1

S2

S3

S4

S5

S6

S7

S8

S9

S10


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Bad Government

Most of the poverty

and misery in the

world is due to badgovernment, lack

of democracy,

weak states,internal strife, and

so on.

George Soros


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This diagram is based on the Natural Resources Institute (NRI) Livelihoods fact sheet

How Governance relates to Livelihoods


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TRANFORMING:

Policies, Institutions, & Processes


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Inflation impacts livelihoods


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From Governance to Fragility


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Crisis

Stable

Vulnerable

TransformationalDevelopmentStates

Fragile States

Fragile states: A visualization Fragile states account for more than 1/4 of world's poor, receive less aid than

warranted by economic, social needs

States can slip in and out of vulnerability and crisis just as people can slip in

and out of poverty

Failed State?


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Analyzing sources of fragility

From Nats Conflict Analysis Framework

to a Fragility Framework: Central Factor: Governance

Core Elements: Effectiveness and Legitimacy

Critical Dimensions: Political, Security,

Economic, Social

These critical dimensions raise the question of sequencingwhich should comefirst?


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Political processes, norms and leaders

acceptable to the citizenry.

Political institutions and processes that

adequately ensure response to citizen

needs.

Political

Tolerance of customs, cultures and beliefs.Provision of basic services that generally

meet demand, including that of vulnerable

and minority groups.

Social

Economic institutions, financial

services and income generating

opportunities that are widelyaccessible to all.

Economic institutions that provide

for economic growth, including

jobs, and adapt to economicchange.

Economic

Military and police services that are

provided reasonably, equitably and without

major violation of civil rights.

Military and police services that secure

borders and limit crime.Security

LegitimacyEffectivenessSample

Measures

The Fragility Framework


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From Fragility to Failure


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Europe in 1648 vs. Africa today

Has Africa had enough wars? Jeff Herbst of Princeton argues that it hasnt.


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Failed State Index: US only stable


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Failed State Index 20008

Using 12 social, economic, political, and military indicators, FSI ranks 177states in order of their vulnerability to violent internal conflict and societaldeterioration.

Examined more than 30,000 publicly available sources, collected from May to

December 2007, to form the basis of the indexs scores.


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Livelihoods and Piracy in

Somalia


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Economic Disparities:

Israel and West Bank & Gaza


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and in Burma

topic 3: governance, fragility, and failure: implications for livelihoods

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