top physics as a new physics windowreuter/downloads/jrr_2018_frauenchiems...j.r.reuter top physics...

J.R.Reuter Top physics at lepton colliders Lecture, LC school, Frauenchiemsee, 12.05.18

/ 40

Jürgen R. Reuter, DESY

Top physics as a New Physics Window

1


/ 40 2

HIGGS TOP BSM

e+ e- physics

The Pillars of Lepton Physics


/ 40 2

HIGGS TOP BSM

e+ e- physics

The Pillars of Lepton Physics

Electroweak vacuum & excitations:

HIGGS

TOP

(note: plot under assumptions of NO additional )BSM


/ 40 2The Pillars of Lepton Physics

Electroweak vacuum & excitations:

HIGGS

TOP

(note: plot under assumptions of NO additional )BSM

Top Physics Programme


/ 40 3

THE TOP IS A TOP MOTIVATION


/ 40 4The Top Quark


/ 40 5Top Interactions — in the Standard ModelElectromagnetic coupling to the photon:

Qt =2

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/ 40 5Top Interactions — in the Standard Model

QCD color interaction to the gluon:

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Electromagnetic coupling to the photon:

Qt =2







Qt =2


Neutral current (NC) couplings to the Z:sin2 ✓W

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Qt =2




weak charges






Qt =2




Charged current (CC) couplings to the W: Vtd, Vts, Vtb<latexit sha1_base64="OQ8Xkq94E7fNgz+e6EmJmWJgDsA=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="OQ8Xkq94E7fNgz+e6EmJmWJgDsA=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="OQ8Xkq94E7fNgz+e6EmJmWJgDsA=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="OQ8Xkq94E7fNgz+e6EmJmWJgDsA=">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</latexit>

weak charges






Qt =2





Yukawa coupling to the H:

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weak charges






Qt =2





Yukawa coupling to the H:

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weak charges

Mt =vp2yt ) yt ⇡ 0.995

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/ 40 6The Top as Window to New Physics

Top Quark as only fermion has Yukawa coupling 𝓞(1)

Either all other fermions are weird, or: Top quark is something special

Top Quark could be composite object (e.g. if the Higgs were)

Partial compositeness: admixture of composite to SM fermion

… … … [unknown unknown]

Effect on Higgs potential: Top plays special role in EWSB (?)

Higgs used for Top Physics — and vice versa

Top Quark interactions could be more sensitive to new physics

Top Quark could couple more strongly to new heavy particles, such ….

…. new heavy particles mostly decay into the Top Quark

New Effects: modified and new decays

Changes in production rate and characterics (angular distributions … )


/ 40 7

THE STANDARD MODEL TOPTHE TOP STANDARD MODELTHE STANDARD TOP MODEL


/ 40 8Top Quark Production

�, Z

e�

e+

t

t̄s-channel production of top-quark pairs

Top decay happens before hadronization

Electroweak couplings / polarization studies possible

Access to vector- and axial-vector ttZ couplings

Production cross section: 0.1 - 1 pb (sub-TeV)

100 fb-1 : 100,000 top pairs @ threshold

2 ab-1 : 1,400,000 top pairs @ 500 GeV

Top helicities available from lepton / jet

distributionsTESLA TDR, 2001

Paradigm processes : precision determination of top properties

Major bkgd for EW measurements (VVV and VBS); any [most] BSM searches


/ 40 9Top Production & Decay: Precision

NLO QCD [Jersak/Laermann/Zerwas, 1982]

NNLO QCD [Chetyrkin/Kühn/Steinhauser, 1996; Harlander/Steinhauser, 1998]

NLO EW [Beenakker/von der Marck/Hollik, 1991; Beenakker/Denner/Kraft, 1993; Akhundov/Bardin/Leike, 1991]

Threshold enhancement [Fadin/Khoze, 1987; Strassler/Peskin, 1991; Jezabek/Kühn/Teubner, 1992; Sumino et al., 1992

On-Shell process: e+e� ! tt̄








Off-Shell process: e+e� ! W+b̄W�b

NLO QCD [Guo/Ma/Wang/Zhang, 2008] ✘

NLO QCD diff. [Chokoufe/JRR/Weiss, 2015; Liebler/Moortgat-Pick/Papanasthasiou, 2015; Chokoufe/Kilian/Lindert/JRR/Pozzorini/Weiss, 2016]

• Properly model the threshold

• Assess selection efficiencies• Assess systematic uncertainties








Top width: t ! W+b

NLO QCD [Jezabek/Kühn, 1989]

NNLO QCD [Guo/Li/Zhu, 2012]

Off-Shell process: e+e� ! W+b̄W�b

NLO QCD [Guo/Ma/Wang/Zhang, 2008] ✘

NLO QCD diff. [Chokoufe/JRR/Weiss, 2015; Liebler/Moortgat-Pick/Papanasthasiou, 2015; Chokoufe/Kilian/Lindert/JRR/Pozzorini/Weiss, 2016]

• Properly model the threshold

• Assess selection efficiencies• Assess systematic uncertainties


/ 40 10 e+e− → tt off-shell in the continuum Using massive b quarks: no cuts necessary for e+e− → W+W−bb

Full process e+e− → μ+νμe−νebb exhibits collinear singularity:

double-resonant

single top

non-resonant

single top




double-resonant

single top

non-resonant

single top

INPUT PARAMETERS: Complex Mass Scheme (CMS):

mH = 125 GeV �H = 0.00431 GeV




Typical pentagons:

double-resonant

single top

non-resonant

single top

INPUT PARAMETERS: Complex Mass Scheme (CMS):

mH = 125 GeV �H = 0.00431 GeV


/ 40 11NLO QCD Results for off-shell e+e− → tt

0

175

350

525

700

875

�[fb

]

WHIZARD+OPENLOOPS

LO tt̄NLO tt̄LO W +W �bb̄NLO W +W �bb̄

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

1.15

K-fa

ctor

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000ps [GeV]

1.0

1.25

1.5

1.75

2.0

�W

+W

�bb̄

/�

tt̄

300 350 400ps [GeV]

1.00

2.00

3.00

K-fa

ctor

e+e� ! tt̄ and e+e� ! W +W �bb̄

0.125 0.25 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.0µR/mt

0.95

0.975

1.0

1.025

�(µ

R)/

�(µ

R=

µ0)

WHIZARD+OPENLOOPS

NLO tt̄NLO W +W �bb̄, �t = �t(µR)NLO W +W �bb̄, �t = �t(mt)

e+e� ! tt̄ and e+e� ! W +W �bb̄ atp

s = 800 GeV

Chokoufé/Kilian/Lindert/Pozzorini/JRR/Weiss, 1609.03390


/ 40 12Differential Results for off-shell e+e− → tt



m2t = m2

W +2hm2

`jbi

1� hcos ✓`jbi



m2t = m2

W +2hm2

`jbi

1� hcos ✓`jbi

Full process e+e− → μ+νμe−νebb contains also e+e− → W+W− H (!)


/ 40 13Top Yukawa couplingMeasurement possible for ≳ 500 GeV [tth associated production]

Contamination from Higgsstrahlung, Z* ➝ tt

Cross section rises by factor of 4 between 500 and 550 GeV (!)

Slight enhancement at threshold due to QCD Coulomb gluons

Yonamine/Ikematsu/Tanabe/Fujii/Kiyo/Sumino/Yokoya, 2011


/ 40 13Top Yukawa couplingMeasurement possible for ≳ 500 GeV [tth associated production]

Contamination from Higgsstrahlung, Z* ➝ tt

Cross section rises by factor of 4 between 500 and 550 GeV (!)

Slight enhancement at threshold due to QCD Coulomb gluons

• Much gain from higher center-of-mass energies like 0.8-1.0 TeV [CLIC: 1.4 TeV !]• Larger cross section, (much) less tt background

• Even LO simulations are demanding, e.g.: e+e� ! bb̄bb̄jj`⌫`, bb̄jjjjjj`⌫`

Yonamine/Ikematsu/Tanabe/Fujii/Kiyo/Sumino/Yokoya, 2011


/ 40 14NLO QCD Results for off-shell e+e− → ttH

0.125 0.25 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.0µR/(mt + mH)

0.9

0.95

1.0

1.05

�(µ

R)/

�(µ

R=

µ0)

WHIZARD+OPENLOOPS

NLO tt̄HNLO W +W �bb̄H, �t = �t(µR)NLO W +W �bb̄H, �t = �t(mt)

e+e� ! tt̄H and e+e� ! W +W �bb̄H atp

s = 800 GeV

Chokoufé/Kilian/Lindert/Pozzorini/JRR/Weiss, 1609.03390

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

�[fb

]

WHIZARD+OPENLOOPS

LO tt̄HNLO tt̄HLO W +W �bb̄HNLO W +W �bb̄H

0.75

0.85

0.95

1.05

K-fa

ctor

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000ps [GeV]

0.90

1.05

1.20

1.35

�W

+W

�bb̄

H/�

tt̄H

425 500 575ps [GeV]

1.00

1.75

2.50

K-fa

ctor

e+e� ! tt̄H and e+e� ! W +W �bb̄H


/ 40 15Differential Results for off-shell ttH


/ 40 15Differential Results for off-shell ttH

Eh =1

2ps

⇥s+M2

h � (k1 + k2)2⇤ Eh large! 1

2ps

⇥s+M2

h � 4m2t

⇤


/ 40 16Matched NLO QCD results

Precise predictions of multi-parton final states require properly matched samples

POWHEG matching for NLO processes QCD already available [WHIZARD+OpenLoops]

Inclusive observables quite stable; partially drastic effects on exclusive observables


/ 40 17Determination of Top-Yukawa coupling

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

�[fb

]

WHIZARD+OPENLOOPS

LO, W +W �bb̄HNLO, W +W �bb̄H

0.9 0.95 1.0 1.05 1.1⇠t

0.96

0.98

1.0

1.02

K-fa

ctor

e+e� ! W +W �bb̄H,p

s = 800 GeV

Chokoufé/Kilian/Lindert/Pozzorini/JRR/Weiss, 1609.03390 SM signal-strength / coupling modifier:


/ 40 17Determination of Top-Yukawa coupling

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

�[fb

]

WHIZARD+OPENLOOPS

LO, W +W �bb̄HNLO, W +W �bb̄H

0.9 0.95 1.0 1.05 1.1⇠t

0.96

0.98

1.0

1.02

K-fa

ctor

e+e� ! W +W �bb̄H,p

s = 800 GeV

Chokoufé/Kilian/Lindert/Pozzorini/JRR/Weiss, 1609.03390 SM signal-strength / coupling modifier:

cf. Junping Tian’s talk

from 1710.07621


/ 40 18

TOP THRESHOLD SCAN: THE “TOP” TOP MASS MEASUREMENT


/ 40 19Top Mass Measurement: ThresholdILC top threshold scan best-known method to measure top quark mass, ΔΜ ~ 30-70 MeV

Heavy quark production at lepton colliders, qualitatively:


/ 40 19Top Mass Measurement: ThresholdILC top threshold scan best-known method to measure top quark mass, ΔΜ ~ 30-70 MeV

Heavy quark production at lepton colliders, qualitatively:

Peralta/Martinez/Miquel, 1999

Position and shape of threshold depends on Mtop

Hadron collider measurements: kinematic reco

Top threshold uses well-defined mass definition

Joint theory/exp. effort to bring down uncertainties


/ 40 20Top Threshold: overview of uncertainties

M1S = 172GeV, �t = 1.54GeV,

↵s(MZ) = 0.118

Default parameters:

M1S = Mpolet (1��LL/NLL

(Coul.) )

Threshold region: top velocity v ~ αs ⪡ 1

Close to threshold: top quarks non-relativistic Very strong QCD attraction due to “Coulomb” gluon exchange Leads to a remnant 1S toponium (quasi-) bound state


/ 40 20Top Threshold: overview of uncertainties

M1S = 172GeV, �t = 1.54GeV,

↵s(MZ) = 0.118

M1S = Mpolet (1��LL/NLL

(Coul.) )

Threshold region: top velocity v ~ αs ⪡ 1

Close to threshold: top quarks non-relativistic Very strong QCD attraction due to “Coulomb” gluon exchange Leads to a remnant 1S toponium (quasi-) bound state


/ 40 21Top Threshold: influence of beam profiles

Simon, 10/2017

• Reducing amount of beamstrahlung?• possible with modified machine setup• costs of up to 50% instantaneous lump• Mild reduction on statistic uncertainty

100 fb�1: 17.6 ! 15.8 MeV (stat.)<latexit sha1_base64="4TYC76pQygXUqn1csWAjcpHmnC8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="4TYC76pQygXUqn1csWAjcpHmnC8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="4TYC76pQygXUqn1csWAjcpHmnC8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="4TYC76pQygXUqn1csWAjcpHmnC8=">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</latexit>


/ 40 22Top Threshold: parametric dependencies

based on: Beneke/Maier/Piclum/Rauh, 2015

Dependence on Mt, Γt, αs, yt


/ 40 23Top Threshold: a demanding theory calculation

NRQCD is EFT for non-relativistic quark-antiquark systems: separate M·v and M·v2 Integrate out hard quark and gluon d.o.f. Hoang et al. ’99-‘01; Beneke et al., ’13-‘14

Resummation of singular terms close to threshold (v = 0), NNNLO/NNLL available (!)

R ⌘ �tt̄

�µµ= v

X

k

⇣↵s

v

⌘k X

i

(↵s ln v)i ⇥

⇥�1 (LL); ↵s, v (NLL); ↵2

s,↵sv, v2 (NNLL)

Phase space of two massive particles

(p/v)NRQCD EFT w/ RG improvement





R ⌘ �tt̄

�µµ= v

X

k

⇣↵s

v

⌘k X

i

(↵s ln v)i ⇥

⇥�1 (LL); ↵s, v (NLL); ↵2

s,↵sv, v2 (NNLL)


R�,Z(s) = F v(s)Rv(s)| {z }s-wave: LL+NLL

+ F a(s)Ra(s)| {z }p-wave⇠v2:NNLL

but contributesat NLL differentially!






R ⌘ �tt̄

�µµ= v

X

k

⇣↵s

v

⌘k X

i

(↵s ln v)i ⇥

⇥�1 (LL); ↵s, v (NLL); ↵2

s,↵sv, v2 (NNLL)


Coulomb potential gluon ladder resummation

R�,Z(s) = F v(s)Rv(s)| {z }s-wave: LL+NLL

+ F a(s)Ra(s)| {z }p-wave⇠v2:NNLL

but contributesat NLL differentially!



/ 40 24Fixed-order vs. resummation uncertainties

NRQCD NNNLO fixed order + αs logarithms

Kiyo et al., 2005; Beneke et al., 2008-2015


/ 40 24Fixed-order vs. resummation uncertainties

Resummation of velocity logarithms

Hoang/Stahlhofen, 2012

NRQCD NNNLO fixed order + αs logarithms

Kiyo et al., 2005; Beneke et al., 2008-2015


/ 40 25Fully exclusive Threshold in e+e− → W+W−bbFully Exclusive Events: assess selection

uncertainties

0

200

400

600

800

1000

�[fb

]

Whizard signalAnalyticWhizard factorized

330 340 350 360 370 380ps [GeV]

0.50

0.75

1.00

1.25

1.50

�/�

Whi

zard

fact

oriz

ed

�mt = 30 GeV, NLL, only s-wave contributions

NRQCD result invalid away from threshold

Bach/Chokoufé/Hoang/Kilian/JRR/Stahlhofen/Teubner/Weiss, 12/2017



uncertainties

Only factorized calculation feasibleNRQCD result technically demandingRemove double-counting between NRQCD-NLL & QCD-NLO




uncertainties

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

�[fb

]

matched, no switch-offNLLmatched, combined, symmetrizedNLO

330 340 350 360 370 380ps [GeV]

0.80

0.90

1.00

1.10

1.20

Unc

erta

inti

es

330 340 350 360 370 380ps [GeV]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

�[fb

]


Matched inclusive W +bW �b̄ cross section, no QED ISR





uncertainties

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

�[fb

]


330 340 350 360 370 380ps [GeV]

0.80

0.90

1.00

1.10

1.20

Unc

erta

inti

es

330 340 350 360 370 380ps [GeV]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

�[fb

]


Matched inclusive W +bW �b̄ cross section, no QED ISR



330 340 350 360 370 380ps [GeV]

0

250

500

750

1000

�[fb

]

matched, no switch-offmatched, combined, symmetrizedNLO

Matched inclusive W +bW �b̄ cross section, with QED ISR


/ 40 26Matched threshold differential distributions


/ 40 26Matched threshold differential distributions

Dist

ribu

tions d

epen

d on M

(Top)

— n

ot ye

t (fu

lly)

expl

oited

—


/ 40 27Challenges for the off-shell threshold …

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

�[fb

]

matched, no switch-offNLLmatched, combined, symmetrizedNLONNLL

330 340 350 360 370 380ps [GeV]

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

1.10

Unc

erta

inti

es

e+e� ! W+bW�b̄

PREL

IMINARY

Next steps: higher QCD order, EW corrections (ISR matching!!), soft gluons … … …



/ 40 281D/2D Template Fits for the Top Threshold

Method of Template Cross SectionsGenerate (pseudo-) signals with different parametersFit the data to the (pseudo-)signal distributionsCompare which values fit [pseudo-] data best

Simon, 10/2017


/ 40 29

THE BEST OF BOTH SIDES OF THE DETECTOR: THE FORWARD- BACKWARD ASYMMETRY


/ 40 30Top-Forward Backward Asymmetry

�, Z

e�

e+

t

t̄cos ✓

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d�(e+e� ! tt̄)

d⌦CM=

↵2

4s

r1� 4M2

t

s

(✓1 + cos ✓2 +

4M2t

ssin2 ✓

◆G1(s)

� 8M2t

sG2(s) +

r1� 4M2

t

s2 cos ✓G3(s)

)

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G1(s) = Q2eQ

2t + 2QeQtVeVt Re [XZ(s)] +

�V 2e +A2

e

� �V 2t +A2

t

�|XZ(s)|2

G2(s) =�V 2e +A2

e

�A2

t |XZ(s)|2

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XZ(s) =s

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Axial vector photon-Z and vector—axial-vector interference

Linearly dependent term generates Forward-Backward Asymmetry


/ 40 30Top-Forward Backward Asymmetry

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s2 cos ✓G3(s)

)

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G1(s) = Q2eQ

2t + 2QeQtVeVt Re [XZ(s)] +

�V 2e +A2

e

� �V 2t +A2

t

�|XZ(s)|2

G2(s) =�V 2e +A2

e

�A2

t |XZ(s)|2

G3(s) = 2QeQtAeAtRe [XZ(s)] + 4VeVtAeAt |XZ(s)|2<latexit sha1_base64="B/fUwfemjsFfHSkc251K3VGf28A=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="B/fUwfemjsFfHSkc251K3VGf28A=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="B/fUwfemjsFfHSkc251K3VGf28A=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="B/fUwfemjsFfHSkc251K3VGf28A=">AAADeXichVJLb9NAEN44PEp4NIUjHBaiVulDkZ0igYSQChzKsUUkjYiDtd5MklXXa2t3jYhc/wb+Gzf+CBcujB+gNK1gJO+M55vv88x4w0QKY133R8Np3rh56/bGndbde/cfbLa3Hg5NnGoOAx7LWI9CZkAKBQMrrIRRooFFoYSz8PxdgZ99AW1ErD7aZQKTiM2VmAnOLKaCrcY3P4S5UBmTYq728halx4HXNbt057X/ip4G8LmPp8VznxYRFG90iH6I3j/wLXy12QfIqS9hZsd0FHwq6L4W84WdIKvMd4el0j59U/gK3K2hQqnG7Bp2UctVyQus8n1a9tj/2+M/9EvBy0p0VQqVMr9cYqZhmh8Hh1iRV7KrANYe4OjF5KhfyNL/z/0cSdgVDoecknJ9H3nLBzX98wOCdsftuaXRq4FXBx1S20nQ/u5PY55GoCyXzJix5yZ2kjFtBZeA4qmBhPFzNocxhopFYCZZOVtOtzEzpbNY46MsLbOrjIxFxiyjECsjZhdmHSuS12Hj1M5eTjKhktSC4tWHZqmkNqbFNaRToYFbucSAcS2wV8oXTDNu8bK2cAne+shXg2G/57k977TfOXpbr2ODPCbPSJd45AU5Iu/JCRkQ3vjpPHG2nR3nV/Nps9vcq0qdRs15RC5Z8/A3vf4MPQ==</latexit>

XZ(s) =s

s�M2Z + iMZ�Z

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� g

2cWf⇥Vf�

µ �Af�µ�5

⇤f Zµ

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Axial vector photon-Z and vector—axial-vector interference

Linearly dependent term generates Forward-Backward Asymmetry

e+e� ! µ+µ�<latexit sha1_base64="kdWdlf3bSrPVbFUzeaeaG1YjcEY=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="kdWdlf3bSrPVbFUzeaeaG1YjcEY=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="kdWdlf3bSrPVbFUzeaeaG1YjcEY=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="kdWdlf3bSrPVbFUzeaeaG1YjcEY=">AAACIHicdVDLSgMxFM34rOOr6tJNsAiiWJIubLsrunGpYK3QqSWT3tZgJjMkGaEM/RQ3/oobF4roTr/GjLagohduODnnXJJ7wkQKYwl586amZ2bn5gsL/uLS8spqcW393MSp5tDksYz1RcgMSKGgaYWVcJFoYFEooRVeH+V66wa0EbE6s8MEOhEbKNEXnFlHdYvVIISBUBmTYqB2Rz7GcLnneh8HNsZBlLpbfu5j7AegehNjt1giZUIIpRTngFYPiAP1eq1Ca5jmkqsSGtdJt/ga9GKeRqAsl8yYNiWJ7WRMW8EljPwgNZAwfs0G0HZQsQhMJ/tccIS3HdPD/Vi7VhZ/st8nMhYZM4xC54yYvTK/tZz8S2untl/rZEIlqQXFvx7qpxK73fO0cE9o4FYOHWBcC/dXzK+YZty6TH0XwmRT/D84r5QpKdPTSqlxOI6jgDbRFtpBFFVRAx2jE9REHN2ie/SInrw778F79l6+rFPeeGYD/Sjv/QMXs6EU</latexit>

LEP 1

Asymmetry is function of collider energy


/ 40

Amjad et al., 1505.06020

31

Forward-backward asymmetry

Afb :=�(ptz > 0)� �(ptz) < 0)

�(ptz > 0) + �(ptz < 0)

Top-Forward Backward Asymmetry

AFB of the top quark

Gluon emission symmetric in θ ⇒NLO QCD corrections small

NLO QCD Corrections


/ 40

Amjad et al., 1505.06020

Threshold region: P-wave (axial vector) resummation important

31

Forward-backward asymmetry

Afb :=�(ptz > 0)� �(ptz) < 0)

�(ptz > 0) + �(ptz < 0)

Top-Forward Backward Asymmetry

AFB of the top quark

Gluon emission symmetric in θ ⇒NLO QCD corrections small

NLO QCD Corrections


/ 40 32

ON TOP OF THE TOP: BEYOND THE SM SEARCHES


/ 40 33BSM Telescope: Anomalous top couplingsAnomalous Top couplings parameterized as form factors:

�ttXµ (k2, q, q̄) = ie

(�µ

�FX1V (k

2) + �5FX1A(k

2)�+ �µ⌫

(q � q̄)µ

2Mt

�FX2V (k

2) + �5FX2A(k

2)�)

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CP Conserving CP Violating


/ 40 33BSM Telescope: Anomalous top couplingsAnomalous Top couplings parameterized as form factors:

�ttXµ (k2, q, q̄) = ie

(�µ

�FX1V (k

2) + �5FX1A(k

2)�+ �µ⌫

(q � q̄)µ

2Mt

�FX2V (k

2) + �5FX2A(k

2)�)

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CP Conserving CP Violating

Strong handle on BSM (e.g. compositeness, partial compositeness, Little Higgs, SUSY etc. )

Main Observables: cross section +

Forward-Backward Asymmetry (AFB )

Top quark polarization: spin correlations

Optimally CP-odd observables: CP properties (!)

Statistically optimal observables

Studies for CLIC-380, ILC-500, CLIC-1400, CLIC-3000

Excellent top reconstruction in e+e−

Amjad et al., 1505.06020


/ 40 34BSM Effects: Effective Field Theory (EFT)✦ Consider effects from heavy states by using (known) low-energy d.o.f.s

H. Georgi, 1993

cf. Junping’s talk

L = LSM +X

i

"c(5)i

⇤O

(5)i +

c(6)i

⇤2O

(6)i +

c(7)i

⇤3O

(7)i +

c(8)i

⇤4O

(8)i + · · ·

#S. Weinberg, 1979

✦ Add all higher-dimensional operators consisting of SM fields/consistent with SM symmetries


/ 40 35Electroweak Top Coupling Measurement


/ 40 35Electroweak Top Coupling Measurement

Translation between Form Factors & Wilson Coefficients

“New old style”: Wilson coefficients of EFT


/ 40 36Projections for (CL)IL[C] measurementse+e� ! tt̄ ! W+bW�b̄

! `⌫bb̄qq̄<latexit sha1_base64="QvDaC1pqxBAqnTYPcOwVN2StTR8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="QvDaC1pqxBAqnTYPcOwVN2StTR8=">AAACU3icbVFNaxsxENVuPuo6ceqmx15ETCCkxOzm0h5DeunRhfoDLMdI8thWo9VupNmAWfY/lkIP+SO59NDK6y00TgZGenpvRh9PItPKYRQ9BOHO7t7+q8br5sFh6+hN++3xwKW5ldCXqU7tSHAHWhnoo0INo8wCT4SGobj9vNaH92CdSs03XGUwSfjCqLmSHD01bX9nAhbKFFyrhTkvm5TCzQefF5RhSpEywW2BZbUaekX48aIiRcmYL68UBlozk1NRK3fVfFc2GZjZv72n7U7Ujaqgz0Fcgw6pozdt/2SzVOYJGJSaOzeOowwnBbeopAa/ee4g4/KWL2DsoeEJuElReVLSU8/M6Dy1Pg3Siv2/o+CJc6tE+MqE49Jta2vyJW2c4/zTpFAmyxGM3Bw0zzVd2+UNpjNlQaJeecClVf6uVC655RL9NzS9CfH2k5+DwWU3jrrx18vO1XVtR4O8JyfkjMTkI7kiX0iP9IkkP8gj+ROQ4FfwOwzD3U1pGNQ978iTCFt/AXSRsYA=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="QvDaC1pqxBAqnTYPcOwVN2StTR8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="QvDaC1pqxBAqnTYPcOwVN2StTR8=">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</latexit>

I. García, Phd thesis, 2016

Durieux/García/Perelló/Roloff/Ström/Vos, 2017

• Single operators: till gaps

• Very good single limits

• Global Limits: full bar

• Factor 3-80 worse

• No CPV operators here

• Multi-TeV running better

for contact interactions


/ 40 37

Richard: 1403.2893; Richard et al., 2015

Precision means Discriminative Power

Typical deviations in models ≲ 10-20%

Below resolution power of HL-LHC

Unique opportunity of ILC & CLIC

1702.05333


/ 40 38Flavor-Changing Top DecaysIn the SM strongly suppressed (CKM+GIM)

BR(t ! c �) ⇠ 5 · 10�14

BR(t ! c Z) ⇠ 1 · 10�14

BR(t ! c g) ⇠ 5 · 10�12

BR(t ! cH) ⇠ 3 · 10�15<latexit sha1_base64="/NCwTPTQ9cvGVV+1EeBKqsaZqFo=">AAAC5XicjZJNbxMxEIa9y1cJHw3tkcuICFQQRHagbSouVbn0WBBpK+IQeb3O1qrtXa1nUaNV7lw4gBBX/hM3/gsHvG0qEdQiRrL8amYejWfGSWG0R0p/RvGVq9eu31i62bp1+87d5fa9lX2fV6VUA5mbvDxMhFdGOzVAjUYdFqUSNjHqIDl+1cQPPqjS69y9xWmhRlZkTk+0FBhc4/YvnqhMu1oYnbknsxZHdYL1zpvZGgLHHCTwpzwT1orHwF8+4l7bcMM6cJnmCIy+r5+xFzPgHC5k3y1g7H+x7B/VepdjuwvY8wVsfY4pl553O253aJdSyhiDRrDNDRrE1la/x/rAmlCwDpnb3rj9g6e5rKxyKI3wfshogaNalKilUWF6lVeFkMciU8MgnbDKj+rTLc3gYfCkMMnLcBzCqfdPohbW+6lNQqYVeOT/jjXOi2LDCif9Ua1dUaFy8qzQpDIQhtKsHFJdKolmGoSQpQ5vBXkkSiExfIxWGMJ5p3C52O91Ge2y173O9s58HEvkPnlA1ggjm2Sb7JI9MiAySqKP0efoS5zFn+Kv8bez1DiaM6tkweLvvwF1QNvl</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/NCwTPTQ9cvGVV+1EeBKqsaZqFo=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/NCwTPTQ9cvGVV+1EeBKqsaZqFo=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/NCwTPTQ9cvGVV+1EeBKqsaZqFo=">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</latexit>

Look at e+e− → c t H, H → bb380 GeV, 500 fb−1 , pol.: -80%, 0%Simulation: 6 fermion (tt), 4 fermion, qq

F. Żarnecki, 2017



BR(t ! c �) ⇠ 5 · 10�14

BR(t ! c Z) ⇠ 1 · 10�14

BR(t ! c g) ⇠ 5 · 10�12


Estimated HL-LHC reach: BR(t ! qH) ⇠ 2 · 10�4<latexit sha1_base64="oPUjSLNDzf7P3MDsImxyx+OZE0Q=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="oPUjSLNDzf7P3MDsImxyx+OZE0Q=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="oPUjSLNDzf7P3MDsImxyx+OZE0Q=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="oPUjSLNDzf7P3MDsImxyx+OZE0Q=">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</latexit>

• Most difficult at the LHC: t → c H• Test also of Higgs boson couplings• E.g. in Two-Higgs-Doublet models (2HDM):

BR(t ! cH) ⇠ 10�2 (tree), ⇠ 10�4 (loop)<latexit sha1_base64="0t1+osWep0p0JqaZzohy8knBuQ0=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="0t1+osWep0p0JqaZzohy8knBuQ0=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="0t1+osWep0p0JqaZzohy8knBuQ0=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="0t1+osWep0p0JqaZzohy8knBuQ0=">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</latexit>


F. Żarnecki, 2017



BR(t ! c �) ⇠ 5 · 10�14

BR(t ! c Z) ⇠ 1 · 10�14

BR(t ! c g) ⇠ 5 · 10�12






F. Żarnecki, 2017

• Suppress non-tt background• Demand b tag > 0.2 on 2 jets• Removes 80% qq + 92% 4f



BR(t ! c �) ⇠ 5 · 10�14

BR(t ! c Z) ⇠ 1 · 10�14

BR(t ! c g) ⇠ 5 · 10�12






F. Żarnecki, 2017

• Suppress non-tt background• Demand b tag > 0.2 on 2 jets• Removes 80% qq + 92% 4f

Selection efficiencies

95%CL w. 24 bkgd. events: BR(t → c H) × BR(H→bb) < 1.6·10−4


/ 40 39Conclusions and Outlook

✴ e+ e− machines offers indispensable physics program e.g. 1506.05992

✴ Top physics precision program: top mass, top width, top Yukawa, αs

✴ Top threshold scan: high precision mass measurement (ΔMt ≈ 30-70 MeV)

✴ High precision top Yukawa measurement (needs 500 [550] GeV)

✴ Top: telescope to BSM physics

✴ Model discrimination with precision measurements

✴ Top flavor physics: search for flavor-changing top decays

✴ Top electroweak couplings: deviations guideline to distinguish BSM models


/ 40 40Outlook to PDG 203x

top physics as a new physics windowreuter/downloads/jrr_2018_frauenchiems...j.r.reuter top physics...

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