tomasz kolerski and hung tao shen
DESCRIPTION
DynaRICE Modeling to Assess the Effect of the 1984 Ice Jam on Possible Bed Changes in the St. Clair River. Tomasz Kolerski and Hung Tao Shen. St. Clair River is not an ordinary, (“normal”), river Water level cannot exceed the level of Lake Michigan-Huron Beltaos (2009). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
DynaRICE Modeling to Assess the Effect of the 1984 Ice Jam on Possible Bed Changes
in the St. Clair River
Tomasz Kolerski and Hung Tao Shen
St. Clair River is not an ordinary, (“normal”), river Water level cannot exceed the level of Lake Michigan-HuronBeltaos (2009)
Decline in Head Difference between Lake Michigan-Huron and Lake Erie
• The head difference, or lake-to-lake fall, between Lake Michigan-Huron and Lake Erie declined by about 62 cm between 1860 and 2006;
• St. Clair River’s conveyance changed rapidly in the mid-1980s,
Conveyance of St. Clair River
Monthly Conveyance from Dunn Paper to Mouth of Black River Daly(2009)
Conveyance of St. Clair River
Monthly Conveyance from Mouth of Black River to Dry Dock Daly(2009)
Conveyance of St. Clair River
Monthly Conveyance from Dry Dock to St. Clair State Police Daly(2009)
Conveyance of St. Clair River
Monthly Conveyance from St. Clair State Police to Algonac Daly(2009)
1984 Ice Jam
One of possible cause of the decline in the head difference between Lake Michigan-Huron and Lake Erie since 1962 is a major ice jam on the St. Clair River in April 1984
Available evidence is not sufficient to justify a conclusion that the 1984 jam was indeed the cause of the change
1984 Ice Jam
• Duration of 24 days • Produced major impact on navigation (estimated
losses $1.7M a day)• Lake St. Clair water levels dropped about 0.6 m• Flow reduced by approx. 65%• Water velocity reduced by about 50%
Algonac
Marysville
St Clair
Sarnia
MIddleChannel
North Channel
SouthChannel
Chenal Ecarle
St. Clair Cutoff
Channel A Bout Round
St. Clair Flats CanalBassetChannel
Distance [m]4130000 4140000 4150000 4160000 4170000
100000
120000
140000
160000
174173172171170169168167166165164163162161160
BedElevation [m]
Port Lambton
Algonac
St Clair S.P.
Mouth of theBlack River
Dry Dock
Point EdwardFort Gratiot
Marysville
St Clair
St ClairShores
Dunn Paper
Sarnia
Distance [m]4120000 4130000 4140000 4150000 4160000 4170000 4180000
100000
110000
120000
130000
140000
150000
160000
170000
St. Clair River Gauges
Station NameLatitude
[m]Longitude
[m]
St. Clair Shores 4122308.4 109196.0
Algonac 4150907.4 126147.9
Port Lambton 4152453.6 130440.9
St. Clair State Police 4153803.5 147507.0
Dry Dock 4156918.7 162330.1
Mouth of the Black River 4158681.6 165518.7
Point Edward 4158603.5 167430.5
Dunn Paper 4158514.8 168817.4
Fort Gratiot 4158484.3 169156.2
Model CalibrationE
leva
tion
[m]
Mar-24 Mar-25 Mar-26 Mar-27 Mar-28175.5
176
176.5
177 Fort Gratiot
Pt. Edward
Dunn Paper
Dry Dock
St. Clair State Police
Pt. Lambton
St. Clair Shores
Algonac
Mouth of the Black River
Observatied dataSimulated results
Bed Manning's Coefficients
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Km from Ft. Gratiot
Man
nin
g's
n v
alu
e
1. HEC RAS 1984 calibration using the 2007 batymetry (Giovanettonne 2008)
2. HEC RAS 1968 calibration using the 1971 batymetry (Giovanettonne 2008)
3. RMA2 Phase 1 (Bruxer, Thompson 2008)
1
2
4
3
4. DynaRICE 1984 calibration using the 1971 batymetry
Km from Ft. Gratiot
Ma
nn
ing
'sn
valu
e
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
HEC RAS 1984 calibration using the 2007 batymetry (Giovanettonne 2008)HEC RAS 1968 calibration using the 1971 batymetry (Giovanettonne 2008)RMA2 Phase 1 (Bruxer, Thompson 2008)DynaRICE 1984 calibration using the 1971 batym
Mo
uth
of
Bla
ckR
iver
Du
nn
Pap
er
Alg
on
ac
Pt.
Ed
war
d
Dry
Do
ck
St.
Cla
irS
P
Pt.
Lam
bto
n
Bed Manning's Coefficients
St. Clair River Gauges
HEC-RAS
RMA2 DynaRICE1971-bathymetry
2001-bathymetry
Ft. Gratiot -Dunn Paper 0.019 0.0341 0.037037 0.028
Dunn Paper - Pt. Edward 0.0389 0.036 0.037037 0.020
Pt. Edward - Mouth of Black River 0.005 0.0213 0.037037 0.019
Mouth of Black River - Dry Dock 0.0244 0.024 0.037037 0.020
Dry Dock - St. Clair S.P.
0.0235 0.0263 0.021936 0.021
0.0259 0.0295 0.028663 0.021
St. Clair S.P. - Pt. Lambton
0.0223 0.0247 0.028663 0.0215
0.0229 0.0252 0.028663 0.0215
0.0241 0.0265 0.022539 0.0215
Pt. Lambton - Algonac 0.0269 0.0241 0.022539 0.023
Algonac - St. Clair Shores 0.0269 0.0241 0.022539 0.024
1984 Ice Jam Water Level Data
174.5
175
175.5
176
176.5
177
177.5
1-Apr 4-Apr 7-Apr 10-Apr 13-Apr 16-Apr 19-Apr 22-Apr 25-Apr 28-Apr 1-May 4-May 7-May
Wat
er le
vel [
m]
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Wat
er D
isch
arg
e [m
3/s
]
Fort Gratiot MBR St. Clair SP Pt LambtonAlgonac ST. Clair Shores Series5
Pt. Lambton
Algonac
St Clair ShoresDownstream Boundary
Ft.GratiotQ [m3/s] Upstream Boundary
Ft. Gratiot
MBR
St. Clair SP
Ice Discharge
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Apr-1 Apr-2 Apr-3 Apr-4 Apr-5 Apr-6 Apr-7 Apr-8 Apr-9 Apr-10
Ice
Dis
char
ge
[m3 /s
]
Ice Formation in St. Clair Flats
Algonac
MIddle Channel
North Channel
SouthChannel
Distance [m]4140000 4145000 4150000
120000
122000
124000
126000
32.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Ice Thckness [m]
Apr-02 7:00 am
Ice Velocity1.0 [m/s]
Ice Formation in St. Clair Flats
Algonac
MIddle Channel
North Channel
SouthChannel
Channel ABout Round
Distance [m]4140000 4145000 4150000
120000
122000
124000
126000
32.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Ice Thckness [m]
Apr-05 6:00 am
Ice Velocity1.0 [m/s]
Ice Formation in St. Clair Flats
Algonac
MIddle Channel
North Channel
SouthChannel
Channel ABout Round
Distance [m]4140000 4145000 4150000
120000
122000
124000
126000
32.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Ice Thckness [m]
Apr-05 12:00 pm
Ice Velocity1.0 [m/s]
Ice Formation in St. Clair Flats
Port Lambton
Algonac
MIddle Channel
North Channel
SouthChannel
Channel ABout Round
St Clair Cutoff
St Clair FlatsCanal
Distance [m]4140000 4145000 4150000
120000
125000
32.82.62.42.221.81.61.41.210.80.60.40.20
Ice Thckness [m]
Apr-06 2:00 pm
Ice Velocity1.0 [m/s]
Ice Formation in St. Clair River
St.C
lair
SP
Alg
on
ac
Marysville MB
R
St.C
lair
SP
Alg
on
ac
Marysville MB
R
St.C
lair
SP
Alg
on
ac
Marysville MB
R
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10Apr-08 12:00 pmApr-08 12:00 pmApr-08 12:00 pm
St.C
lair
SP
Alg
on
ac
Marysville MB
R
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10
Ice Simulations, W.S. ElevationIce Simulations, Water VelocityApril 1, Open Water W.S. elevationApril 1, Open Water, Water velocityBed Elevation
Apr-08 12:00 pm
Ice Formation in St. Clair River
St.
Cla
irS
P
Alg
on
ac
Marysville MB
R
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10Hour 1:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 2:00:00Hour 3:00:00Hour 4:00:00Hour 5:00:00Hour 6:00:00Hour 7:00:00Hour 8:00:00Hour 9:00:00Hour 10:00:00Hour 11:00:00Hour 12:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 14:00:00Hour 15:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 17:00:00Hour 18:00:00Hour 19:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 21:00:00Hour 22:00:00Hour 23:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 25:00:00Hour 26:00:00Hour 27:00:00Hour 28:00:00Hour 29:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 32:00:00Hour 33:00:00Hour 34:00:00Hour 35:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 37:00:00Hour 38:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 40:00:00Hour 41:00:00Hour 42:00:00Hour 43:00:00Hour 44:00:00Hour 45:00:00Hour 46:00:00Hour 47:00:00Hour 48:00:00Hour 49:00:00Hour 50:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 2:00:00Hour 3:00:00Hour 4:00:00Hour 5:00:00Hour 6:00:00Hour 7:00:00Hour 8:00:00Hour 9:00:00Hour 10:00:00Hour 11:00:00Hour 12:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 14:00:00Hour 15:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 17:00:00Hour 18:00:00Hour 19:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 21:00:00Hour 22:00:00Hour 23:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 25:00:00Hour 26:00:00Hour 27:00:00Hour 28:00:00Hour 29:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 32:00:00Hour 33:00:00Hour 34:00:00Hour 35:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 37:00:00Hour 38:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 40:00:00Hour 41:00:00Hour 42:00:00Hour 43:00:00Hour 44:00:00Hour 45:00:00Hour 46:00:00Hour 47:00:00Hour 48:00:00Hour 49:00:00Hour 50:00:00Hour 51:00:00Hour 52:00:00Hour 53:00:00Hour 54:00:00Hour 55:00:00Hour 56:00:00Hour 57:00:00Hour 58:00:00Hour 59:00:00Hour 60:00:00Hour 61:00:00Hour 62:00:00Hour 63:00:00Hour 64:00:00Hour 65:00:00Hour 66:00:00Hour 67:00:00Hour 68:00:00Hour 69:00:00Hour 70:00:00Hour 71:00:00Hour 72:00:00Hour 73:00:00Hour 74:00:00Hour 75:00:00Hour 76:00:00Hour 77:00:00Hour 78:00:00Hour 79:00:00Hour 80:00:00Hour 81:00:00Hour 82:00:00Hour 83:00:00Hour 84:00:00Hour 85:00:00Hour 86:00:00Hour 87:00:00Hour 88:00:00Hour 89:00:00Hour 90:00:00Hour 91:00:00Hour 92:00:00Hour 93:00:00Hour 94:00:00Hour 95:00:00Hour 96:00:00Hour 97:00:00Hour 98:00:00Hour 99:00:00Hour 100:00:00Hour 101:00:00Hour 102:00:00Hour 103:00:00Hour 104:00:00Hour 105:00:00Hour 106:00:00Hour 107:00:00Hour 108:00:00Hour 109:00:00Hour 110:00:00Hour 111:00:00Hour 112:00:00Hour 113:00:00Hour 114:00:00Hour 115:00:00Hour 116:00:00Hour 117:00:00Hour 118:00:00Hour 119:00:00Hour 120:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 191:00:00Hour 198:00:00Hour 202:00:00Hour 203:00:00
St.
Cla
irS
P
Alg
on
ac
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10
Ice Simulations, W.S. ElevationIce Simulations, Water VelocityApril 1, Open Water W.S. elevationApril 1, Open Water, Water velocityBed Elevation
April-09, 11:00 am
Ice Jam Formation
174
174.5
175
175.5
176
176.5
177
177.5
1-Apr-84 3-Apr-84 5-Apr-84 7-Apr-84 9-Apr-84 11-Apr-84 13-Apr-84 15-Apr-84 17-Apr-84
Wat
er le
vel [
m]
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Wat
er D
isch
arg
e [m
3/s
]
Series4 Series6
Series7 Series9
Series11 Series13
Fort Gratiot MBR
St. Clair SP Pt Lambton
Algonac ST. Clair Shores
Series5
Pt. Lambton
Algonac
St Clair ShoresDownstream Boundary
Ft.GratiotQ [m3/s] Upstream Boundary
Ft. Gratiot
MBR
St. Clair State Police
Observed Water Level Data Simulated Water Level
Ft. GratiotSt. Clair SPAlgonac
MBRPt. LambtonSt. Clair Shores
Ice Formation
Animation
Bed Shear Stress
2
22
2
22 21
21
;H
qqqc
H
qqqc yxy
fbyyxx
fbx
g
H
nc
b
bf 31
2
cf = friction coefficient;
ρ = water density; qx,y = components of unit width water discharge;
H' = water depth beneath the ice layer.
b = fraction of the total water flow depth affected by the bed friction);
nb = bed Manning's coefficient;
g = gravitational acceleration.
Bed Shear Stress109876543210
Bed ShearStress [Pa]
April 1Open Water
109876543210
Bed ShearStress [Pa]
April 1 - April 15
32.62.21.81.410.60.20
-0.2-0.6-1
Increase ofBed ShearStress [Pa]
Ice Jam Release
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Apr-01 Apr-04 Apr-07 Apr-10 Apr-13 Apr-16 Apr-19 Apr-22 Apr-25 Apr-28 May-01 May-04 May-07
Air
tem
per
atu
re [
oC
]
Sarnia
Windsor
Ice Release
Water Level Data
174
174.5
175
175.5
176
176.5
177
177.5
27-Apr 28-Apr 29-Apr 30-Apr 1-May 2-May 3-May 4-May
Wat
er
leve
l [m
]
-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Wat
er
Dis
cha
rge
[m3/s
]
Series4 Fort Gratiot
MBR St. Clair SP
Pt Lambton Algonac
ST. Clair Shores Series5
Ft.GratiotQ [m3/s] Upstream Boundary
Observed Water Level Data
Ice Jam at Pt. Lmabton
ReleaseBeginning of Ice Jam Release Open Water
Ice Jam Release
St.
Cla
irS
P
Alg
on
ac
Marysville MB
R
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10Hour 1:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 2:00:00Hour 3:00:00Hour 4:00:00Hour 5:00:00Hour 6:00:00Hour 7:00:00Hour 8:00:00Hour 9:00:00Hour 10:00:00Hour 11:00:00Hour 12:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 14:00:00Hour 15:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 17:00:00Hour 18:00:00Hour 19:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 21:00:00Hour 22:00:00Hour 23:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 25:00:00Hour 26:00:00Hour 27:00:00Hour 28:00:00Hour 29:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 32:00:00Hour 33:00:00Hour 34:00:00Hour 35:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 37:00:00Hour 38:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 40:00:00Hour 41:00:00Hour 42:00:00Hour 43:00:00Hour 44:00:00Hour 45:00:00Hour 46:00:00Hour 47:00:00Hour 48:00:00Hour 49:00:00Hour 50:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 2:00:00Hour 3:00:00Hour 4:00:00Hour 5:00:00Hour 6:00:00Hour 7:00:00Hour 8:00:00Hour 9:00:00Hour 10:00:00Hour 11:00:00Hour 12:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 14:00:00Hour 15:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 17:00:00Hour 18:00:00Hour 19:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 21:00:00Hour 22:00:00Hour 23:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 25:00:00Hour 26:00:00Hour 27:00:00Hour 28:00:00Hour 29:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 32:00:00Hour 33:00:00Hour 34:00:00Hour 35:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 37:00:00Hour 38:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 40:00:00Hour 41:00:00Hour 42:00:00Hour 43:00:00Hour 44:00:00Hour 45:00:00Hour 46:00:00Hour 47:00:00Hour 48:00:00Hour 49:00:00Hour 50:00:00Hour 51:00:00Hour 52:00:00Hour 53:00:00Hour 54:00:00Hour 55:00:00Hour 56:00:00Hour 57:00:00Hour 58:00:00Hour 59:00:00Hour 60:00:00Hour 61:00:00Hour 62:00:00Hour 63:00:00Hour 64:00:00Hour 65:00:00Hour 66:00:00Hour 67:00:00Hour 68:00:00Hour 69:00:00Hour 70:00:00Hour 71:00:00Hour 72:00:00Hour 73:00:00Hour 74:00:00Hour 75:00:00Hour 76:00:00Hour 77:00:00Hour 78:00:00Hour 79:00:00Hour 80:00:00Hour 81:00:00Hour 82:00:00Hour 83:00:00Hour 84:00:00Hour 85:00:00Hour 86:00:00Hour 87:00:00Hour 88:00:00Hour 89:00:00Hour 90:00:00Hour 91:00:00Hour 92:00:00Hour 93:00:00Hour 94:00:00Hour 95:00:00Hour 96:00:00Hour 97:00:00Hour 98:00:00Hour 99:00:00Hour 100:00:00Hour 101:00:00Hour 102:00:00Hour 103:00:00Hour 104:00:00Hour 105:00:00Hour 106:00:00Hour 107:00:00Hour 108:00:00Hour 109:00:00Hour 110:00:00Hour 111:00:00Hour 112:00:00Hour 113:00:00Hour 114:00:00Hour 115:00:00Hour 116:00:00Hour 117:00:00Hour 118:00:00Hour 119:00:00Hour 120:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 57:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 30:00:00
St.
Cla
irS
P
Alg
on
ac
Pt.
Lam
bto
n
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10
Ice Simulations, W.S. ElevationIce Simulations, Water VelocityMay 1, Open Water W.S. elevationMay 1, Open Water, Water velocity
April-09, 11:00 amHour 13:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 36:00:00April-29, 05:00 am
Ice Jam Release
St.
Cla
irS
P
Alg
on
ac
Marysville MB
R
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10Hour 1:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 2:00:00Hour 3:00:00Hour 4:00:00Hour 5:00:00Hour 6:00:00Hour 7:00:00Hour 8:00:00Hour 9:00:00Hour 10:00:00Hour 11:00:00Hour 12:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 14:00:00Hour 15:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 17:00:00Hour 18:00:00Hour 19:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 21:00:00Hour 22:00:00Hour 23:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 25:00:00Hour 26:00:00Hour 27:00:00Hour 28:00:00Hour 29:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 32:00:00Hour 33:00:00Hour 34:00:00Hour 35:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 37:00:00Hour 38:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 40:00:00Hour 41:00:00Hour 42:00:00Hour 43:00:00Hour 44:00:00Hour 45:00:00Hour 46:00:00Hour 47:00:00Hour 48:00:00Hour 49:00:00Hour 50:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 2:00:00Hour 3:00:00Hour 4:00:00Hour 5:00:00Hour 6:00:00Hour 7:00:00Hour 8:00:00Hour 9:00:00Hour 10:00:00Hour 11:00:00Hour 12:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 14:00:00Hour 15:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 17:00:00Hour 18:00:00Hour 19:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 21:00:00Hour 22:00:00Hour 23:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 25:00:00Hour 26:00:00Hour 27:00:00Hour 28:00:00Hour 29:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 32:00:00Hour 33:00:00Hour 34:00:00Hour 35:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 37:00:00Hour 38:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 40:00:00Hour 41:00:00Hour 42:00:00Hour 43:00:00Hour 44:00:00Hour 45:00:00Hour 46:00:00Hour 47:00:00Hour 48:00:00Hour 49:00:00Hour 50:00:00Hour 51:00:00Hour 52:00:00Hour 53:00:00Hour 54:00:00Hour 55:00:00Hour 56:00:00Hour 57:00:00Hour 58:00:00Hour 59:00:00Hour 60:00:00Hour 61:00:00Hour 62:00:00Hour 63:00:00Hour 64:00:00Hour 65:00:00Hour 66:00:00Hour 67:00:00Hour 68:00:00Hour 69:00:00Hour 70:00:00Hour 71:00:00Hour 72:00:00Hour 73:00:00Hour 74:00:00Hour 75:00:00Hour 76:00:00Hour 77:00:00Hour 78:00:00Hour 79:00:00Hour 80:00:00Hour 81:00:00Hour 82:00:00Hour 83:00:00Hour 84:00:00Hour 85:00:00Hour 86:00:00Hour 87:00:00Hour 88:00:00Hour 89:00:00Hour 90:00:00Hour 91:00:00Hour 92:00:00Hour 93:00:00Hour 94:00:00Hour 95:00:00Hour 96:00:00Hour 97:00:00Hour 98:00:00Hour 99:00:00Hour 100:00:00Hour 101:00:00Hour 102:00:00Hour 103:00:00Hour 104:00:00Hour 105:00:00Hour 106:00:00Hour 107:00:00Hour 108:00:00Hour 109:00:00Hour 110:00:00Hour 111:00:00Hour 112:00:00Hour 113:00:00Hour 114:00:00Hour 115:00:00Hour 116:00:00Hour 117:00:00Hour 118:00:00Hour 119:00:00Hour 120:00:00Hour 1:00:00Hour 24:00:00Hour 57:00:00Hour 16:00:00Hour 20:00:00Hour 36:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 13:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 39:00:00Hour 30:00:00Hour 39:00:00
St.
Cla
irS
P
Alg
on
ac
Pt.
Lam
bto
n
Distance [km]
Ele
vatio
n[m
]
Wa
ter
Ve
loci
ty[m
/s]
020406080
160
165
170
175
180
0
2
4
6
8
10
Ice Simulations, W.S. ElevationIce Simulations, Water VelocityMay 1, Open Water W.S. elevationMay 1, Open Water, Water velocity
April-09, 11:00 amHour 13:00:00Hour 31:00:00Hour 36:00:00April-29, 03:00 pm
Ice Jam Release
174
174.5
175
175.5
176
176.5
177
177.5
27-Apr 28-Apr 29-Apr 30-Apr 1-May 2-May
Wat
er le
vel [
m]
Series4 Series6
Series7 Series9
Series11 Series13
Fort Gratiot MBR
St. Clair SP Pt Lambton
Algonac ST. Clair Shores
Observed Water Level Data Simulated Water Level
Ft. GratiotSt. Clair SPAlgonac
MBRPt. LambtonSt. Clair Shores
Ice Jam at Pt. Lmabton
Release
Beginning of Ice Jam Release
Open Water
Ice Jam Release
Animation
109876543210
Bed ShearStress [Pa]
May 1Open Water
109876543210
Bed ShearStress [Pa]
April 28 - May 1
21.71.41.10.80.50.20
-0.1-0.4-0.7-1
Increase ofBed ShearStress [Pa]
Conclusions
• The results from DynaRICE simulations indicated that the ice jam in the river did not cause a significant increase in bed shear stress compared to pre- and post-jam open water conditions
• This is reasonable since the backwater effect of the jam was not significant as it is constrained by the limited level difference between Lake Huron and Lake St. Clair and the large depth of river flow relative to the jam thickness
• One possible indirect contribution of ice jams to the conveyance increase is the excess water stored in Lake Huron during a jam (Derecki and Quinn 1986). This increase in water storage increases the lake water level to produce larger discharge into the St. Clair River, which may have caused a gradual increase in conveyance
Thanks!