together. free your energies rajat datta august 27, 2011 smart grids of the future: expectation and...
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Together. Free your energies
Rajat DattaAugust 27, 2011
Smart Grids of the Future: Expectation and the Unknowns
Together. Free your energies
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Expectations• Context: An audio-visual about Smart Grid expectation
• CO2 Challenge, Prism and the challenges
• Can Smart Grid Help?
• ICT Transformation and Reference Architecture
• Assessing the Reality: APQC way
Unknowns• Questions to be answered
• Priority Tasks
2
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Expectations• Context: An audio-visual about Smart Grid expectation
• CO2 Challenge, Prism and the challenges
• Can Smart Grid Help?
• ICT Transformation and Reference Architecture
• Assessing the Reality: APQC way
Unknowns• Questions to be answered
• Priority Tasks
3
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The CO2 Challenge
4
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 20500
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Bill
ion
To
ns
CO
2
US Electricity Sector
Remainder of US Economy
Historical Emissions 2005 = 5982 mmT CO2
2030 = 42% reduction bellow 2005 3470 mmT CO2
2050 = 83% reduction from 2005 1017 mmT CO2
Assumed Economy wide CO2 reduction target and no international offset
* Indicative diagram
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2009 EPRI Prism: How to Address the Challenge
5
There is no single resolution. It’s a combination of a number of proactive measures..
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Clean Energy May Bring Instability
6
Wind output varies significantly by minute and by day/season
Capacity factors below 25% create challenges for network operations
Solar PV output varies significantly by second and by day/season
Distributed PV can create power quality issues and bi-direction flows at certain penetration levels
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How “Smart” can get us to “Sustainable”
7
Yesterday
Today
Tomorrow
Start
Strengthen
Smarten
Sustain
Opaque data, available in silos
Telephone/ broadband infrastructure is good in places
Patchy data, some available online
High speed secure data transfer
Governments are learning to set meaningful targets
Basic smart cards that combine e.g. bus/rail/underground
Real time data, across the public/ private divide
Some open live data that is accessible by citizens and business
Governments are able to monitor in real-time
Fully integrated smart payment systems covering parking, public transport, EV charging etc,
Transparent, accessible and integrated open live data
Accurate projections of future need lead to direct adjusting of policy incentives (e.g. pricing)
Automated intelligent data fuelling a plethora of solutions
“an electricitynetwork that can intelligently integrate the
actions of all users connected to it – generators,consumers and those that do both – in orderto efficiently deliver sustainable, economic
and secure electricity supplies.”
Economic, environmental and social
sustainability enabled through a wide range of
IT and business transformation solutions
Collaborative
Leadership
Enrolment of
People
Understanding
IT’s Ability to
Transform
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Can Smart Grid Really Help?
8
Challenge Smart Grid Response
Overburdened Power Lines make it difficult move electricity from wind farms into the grid for consumption
• Improve grid efficiency
• Eliminate the “waste” that contributes to line congestion and expand usable capacity
Unlike traditional power sources that are predictable, Solar power or Wind Power may be intermittent
• Demand Response
• Storage
Power will be entering the network from multiple locations, including the distribution network (i.e. Distributed Generation)
• Two-way power flow, sophisticated controls, and grid automation technologies
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The Future of the Grid - way it has been envisaged
9
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Smart Grid Architecture
10
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Smart Grid Layers and Integration (Detailed)
11
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Assessing the Reality
12
AP
QC
Sm
art
Gri
d M
atu
rity
Mo
del
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Expectations• Context: An audio-visual about Smart Grid expectation
• CO2 Challenge, Prism and the challenges
• Can Smart Grid Help?
• ICT Transformation and Reference Architecture
• Assessing the Reality : APQC way
Unknowns• Questions to be answered
• Priority Tasks
13
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Interoperability• De-facto Standards are already in the market. Converting everything into interoperable standards is hypothetical
• Compatibility across domains.
Privacy• Too much customer information published. This may lead to a privacy issue• Data Ownership. Customer acceptance
Questions to be answered
14
Security• Grid Security and Reliability of the Grid are not proven yet • Prevention from Hackers. Utility companies cannot afford a single security incident
Feasibility• Mostly at Pilot stage. Scalability at Large Scale is not yet tested. • Extra-ordinary Change Management Effort• Major Investment in Research, Pilots, Proof of Concepts
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Conclusion
15
A clear view does not necessarily imply short distance
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The information contained in this presentation is proprietary. ©2010 Capgemini. All rights reserved