today - histology banana’s “learn what the body is composed of….” is this really anatomy
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Today - Histology
• Banana’s • “learn what the body is
composed of….”• Is this really ANATOMY
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1. What type of section is this?2. Where is this section taken (about)?3. Name the membrane layer surrounding organ X.4. Name the space that the arrow is pointing to.5. What is contained within that space?
X
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Histology• What histological sections look like
• Epithelial, connective, nervous & muscle tissue– structure, function & location
• Epithelial tissue – simple and stratified
• Connective tissue – fibrous, supportive & fluid– Fibrous: dense & loose– Supportive: cartilage & bone
• Nervous and muscle tissue – brief introduction
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What do histological sections look like?
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Cells + matrix = tissues
1. Epithelial tissue2. Connective tissue3. Muscle tissue4. Nervous tissue
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simple
stratified
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial cells
Basement membrane
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Simple squamous
Simple cuboidal
Simple columnar
Simple epithelial types
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Pseudostratified columnar
cilia
Goblet cells
Another simple type……
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Stratified squamous - non-keratinized - keratinized (skin)
Transitional (stratified)
Stratified epithelial types
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1. Esophagus: food passageway
2. Small intestine: absorption & secretion
3. rectum: passageway for waste
1. Simple or stratified?
2. What type?• Squamous• Cuboidal• Columnar• Pseudo-columnar
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Connective Tissue
General Functions:
1. Binds organs2. Support3. Protection4. Immune protection5. Movement6. Storage7. Heat8. Others…..
Three types• Fibrous• Supportive• Fluid
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Cells + fibers + ground substance = connective tissue
Cells = fibroblasts
Fibers = collagen & elastin
Cells = fibroblasts
Fibers = collagen
Change composition = change function
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loose dense
mesentery
Adipose tissue
Tendons & ligaments
dermis
regular
irregular
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Fibrous connective tissue types and function
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Supportive connective tissue = cartilage & bone
Cells: chondrocytes Chondro = cartilage
Fibers: collagen or elastin
Ground Substance: firm gel• chondroitin sulfates• proteoglycans
Perichondrium: dense, irregular CT with chondroblasts
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hyaline elastic
fibrocartilage
• chondrocytes• collagen & elastin fibers• CS & PG
Cartilage
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Cells: osteocytes
Fibers: collagen
Matrix: GAG & mineral saltsGAG = glycosaminoglycans
Bone
Central canal = blood vessel
Surrounded by periosteum
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Nervous tissue
Muscle tissue
• neurons & glia• electrical & chemical signals
• muscle fibers• contract when stimulated• skeletal, smooth & cardiac
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Mucous membrane:Epithelium, basement membrane, areolar CT, smooth mm)
Membranes line & cover viscera• serous * (ssq, areolar CT, fluid)• mucous * • cutaneous
Putting it all together….
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Respiratory epithelium – mucous membrane • simple epithelium with cilia• goblet cells
• Differentiation • Metaplasia
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• Neoplasm• Fibrosis
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• Weekly review session on Monday’s 5:30 – 6:30 in T-435 HSB with Ben Constance (TA)
• Bone Tissue on Tuesday