TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 1

INTRODUCTION

Tizen is an open source, cross-architecture software platform based on Linux

supported by leading mobile operators, device manufacturers, and silicon suppliers for

multiple device categories such as smartphones, tablets, netbooks, in-vehicle infotainment

devices, and smart TVs. Tizen offers a fertile OS, applications, and a user experience that

consumers can get from device to device. The Tizen OS is driven by a movement to

create an alternative, less expensive mobile market platform.

Developers hope the Tizen ecosystem will give both vendors and consumers more

flexibility than is offered by existing mobile ecosystems. Tizen is a project that resides

within the Linux Foundation and is administered by a Technical Steering Group (TSG)

composed of Samsung and Intel among others .The TSG is the primary decision making

body for the project and focuses on architecture and implementation, along with the

formation of working groups to support device verticals. The Tizen Association is led by

a group of mobile operators responsible for active development of the ecosystem around

Tizen. This development work involves market presence, gathering requirements,

identifying and facilitating service models, marketing and education. The list of

association partners includes eBay, Konami, Panasonic, Sharp, TrendMicro, TuneIn

Radio, Sharp Electronics, Samsung and Panasonic.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 2

HISTORY

Tizen comes from a long history of Linux adoption by manufacturers. A complete

family tree is available. Samsung's collaboration with the EFL project, and

especially Carsten Haitzler, was known as LiMo for years. It was renamed Tizen when

Intel joined the project in September 2011, after leaving the MeeGo project. A common

misconception is that Tizen is a continuation of MeeGo. In fact, it builds on Samsung

Linux Platform (SLP), a reference implementation delivered within LiMo.

On January 1, 2012, the LiMo Foundation was renamed Tizen Association. The

Tizen Association is led by a Board of Directors from

Samsung, IntelSamsung, Intel, Huawei, Fujitsu, NEC, Panasonic, KT Corporation, Sprint

Corporation, SK Telecom, Orange, NTT DoCoMo, and Vodafone. The Tizen Association

works closely with the Linux Foundation, which supports the Tizen open source project.

On April 30, 2012, Tizen released version 1.0, code-named Larkspur. On May 7, 2012,

American wireless carrier Sprint Nextel (now Sprint Corporation) announced it had

agreed to become part of the Tizen Association and planned to include Tizen-powered

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 3

devices in their future lineup. On September 16, 2012 the Automotive Grade Linux

Workgroup announced it will work with the Tizen project as the reference distribution

optimized for a broad set of automotive applications such as Instrumentation Cluster and

In-Vehicle-Infotainment (IVI).

On September 25, 2012, Tizen released version 2.0 alpha, code-named Magnolia. It

offered an enhanced Web-based framework with more features, better HTML5/W3C API

support and more device APIs, multi-process Webkit2-based Web Runtime and better

security for Web applications. Support for OpenGL ES has been enhanced. Newly added

Platform SDK has been provided to help with platform development based on Open

Build Service (OBS).

On February 18, 2013, Tizen released version 2.0, code-named Magnolia.[41] Apart from

further enhancements of the Web frameworks and APIs, native application framework

with Integrated development environment and associated tools have been added

supporting features such as background applications, IP push, and text-to-speech.

Inclusion of this framework is an effect of the expected merging parts of the Open

Services Platform (OSP) framework and APIs of the Bada operating system with the

Tizen platform.

On April 2013 Samsung announced Tizen Port-a-thon. This campaign supports Bada

developers' early entry into the Tizen market by providing technical support and

incentives. On May 17, 2013, Tizen released version 2.1, code-named Nectarine. On July

2013, Samsung announced Tizen App Challenge, with over $4 million in cash prizes. On

July 22, 2013, Tizen released version 2.2. On November 9, 2013, Tizen released version

2.2.1. On May 14, 2014, It was announced that Tizen: Common would Ship with Qt

integrated. This marks the ability for Tizen to support Qt native apps. On November 8,

2014, Tizen released version 2.3.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 4

SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

3.1 Overview

The Tizen Association[18] was formed to guide the industry role of Tizen, including

gathering requirements, identifying and facilitating service models and overall industry

marketing and education.Tizen provides application development tools based on

the JavaScript libraries jQuery and jQuery Mobile. Since version 2.0, a native application

framework is also available, based on an Open Services Platform from the Bada platform.

The software development kit (SDK) allows developers to use HTML5 and related

Web technologies to write applications that run on supported devices.

oFono is the telephony stack

Smack is utilized to sandbox HTML5 web applications.[19]

Windowing system

The X Window System with the Enlightenment Foundation Libraries are used.[20]

Wayland: Tizen up to 2.x supports Wayland in in-vehicle infotainment (IVI)

setups[21] and from 3.0 onward defaults to Wayland.[22]

ZYpp was chosen as package management system (PMS)

ConnMan was chosen over NetworkManager

3.2Open environment

The Core Mobile Web Platform Community Group (Coremob) brings developers,

equipment manufacturers, browser vendors and operators together to agree on core

features that developers can depend on.HTML5 applications run on

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 5

Tizen, Android, Firefox OS, Ubuntu Touch, Windows Phone, and webOS without a

browser.

In late January 2013, Tizen 2.0 scored highest at the time in an HTML5 test of any

browsers. As the old HTML5 tests were phased out on November 13, 2013, Tizen 2.2 fell

below BlackBerry 10.2 at 494 out of 555 points. However, as of December 2013 desktop

browsers had regained the advantage, and results for Tizen 2.2 on a Samsung device

score highest overall in mobile, with a score of 497 points.

Tizen IVI (In-Vehicle Infotainment) is an operating system from the Automotive

Grade Linux Workgroup. It is PC-compatible.

Applications based on Qt, GTK+ and EFL frameworks can run on Tizen IVI. While

there is no official support for these third-party frameworks, according to the explanation

on the Tizen SDK Web site, Tizen applications for mobile devices can be rcdeveloped

without relying on an official Tizen IDE as long as the application complies with Tizen

packaging rules. In May 2013, a community port of Qt to Tizen focused on delivering

native GUI controls and integration of Qt with Tizen OS features for smartphones. Based

on the Qt port to Tizen, Tizen and mer can interchange code.

3.3 Architecture

At the top layer of Tizen, all services and applications reside. Below the top layer,

platform services are placed. The SDKs and APIs run at this layer to allow application

developer to access Tizen capabilities and create innovative end user or enterprise

applications. Next deeper layer is the middleware layer where many open source

middleware components are available. The last and final innermost layer is the Linux

kernel (SMACK).

Tizen is a standards-based platform that provides Web and native APIs for developing

applications for multiple device categories. Tizen is currently targeted for smart phones

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 6

and tablet devices, though planned to cover more device types in the future. The

following figure illustrates the Tizen architecture.

Figure: Tizen architecture

The Tizen architecture consists of the following subsystems:

Web framework

The Web framework accommodates and leverages most up-to-date Web

technologies. It provides a large number of HTML5 functionalities defined by

W3C and other standardization groups, such as video, audio, form, 2D canvas,

WebGL, CSS3, geolocation, vibration, Web socket, and Web worker. In addition,

the framework defines various new device APIs, which enable you to access

device functionalities, such as Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), alarm,

and messaging. The device functionalities are provided with a strict rule-based

security control system that restricts the malicious use of the device APIs.

Native framework

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 7

The native framework is composed of system services and a set of native

namespaces across various domains providing more than 10,000 open APIs with

which native applications can be developed. The namespaces include, for

example, Base, Io, App, Security, Graphics, Ui, Net, Messaging, Social,

Locations, and Web. The framework also provides popular standard open source

libraries, such as glibc, libstdc++, libxml2, OpenGL® ES, OpenAL, and

OpenMP® to support efficient application development and the migration of pre-

existing applications using such libraries.

Core

The Core subsystem provides features required by the Web and native

frameworks. It consists of open source libraries and an additional set of APIs to

be effectively used by the upper layer subsystems.

Application Framework

Kernel

The kernel subsystem contains the Linux kernel and device drivers.

3.3.1Web vs. Native Framework

Native and Web frameworks are complementary to each other

Web is strong in portability, ease of app development, and has a minimal

learning curve

Native is relatively better in terms of performance and memory

consumption

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 8

Native enables reusing the existing engine and libraries written in C &

C++ in app development

Different combinations for mixing Web and native, depending on the

characteristics or requirements of the app to be developed

3.3.2Native Framework vs core

• Both are native in nature but focusing on different aspects

• Core focuses on:

– Providing common functionalities to Web and native frameworks

– No need to guarantee app binary compatibility (ABC)

– Performance and power optimization

• Native framework focuses on:

– Application development productivity while guaranteeing ABC

– Well-documented API references, developer guide, sample codes, and

associated tools

Licensing model

Tizen 2.x has a complicated licensing model, in part due to the patent troll problem

that exists in the global smartphone market . While Apple has pursued patent litigation

and even transferred some to known trolls to pursue Tizen partners (HTC, LG, Samsung,

and more), by early 2014 cross-licensing among hardware manufacturers was

happening more broadly. Extending open source software and patenting the extension is

an option that most open source licenses do not restrict. Tizen's open governance model

was created through public input, suggestions, criticism, or participation, for Tizen 3.0.

The operating system consists of many open source components. A number of

components internally developed by Samsung (e.g., boot animation, calendar, task

manager, music player applications) are, however, released under the Flora License,

essentially a BSD- or Apache-style license except granting patents to "Tizen Certified

Platform" only.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 9

Flora is not approved by the Open Source Initiative. Therefore, it is unclear whether

developers can legally use the native application framework and its graphical components

to make GPL applications. Source code access is guaranteed however. Its SDK is built on

top of open source components, but the entire SDK has been published under a non-open-

source Samsung license.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 10

FEATURES

4.1. Flexibility

Tizen is an open source operating system based on the Linux kernel and WebKit

runtime. This means that users can get the source code that Tizen is based on, allowing

smartphone owners to tinker with and alter a device’s software. Its main feature is its

compatibility with multiple mobile platforms; which means that applications made with

the Tizen OS are compatible and can be launched in other OS like the IOS and Android,

with a slight code change. This feature of the Tizen operating system attracts developers

because their application will not only be used by the Tizen market but with the IOS and

Android as well. This is undoubtedly a big advantage over the existing android and IOS

development that lets apps to run only on their own OS. This factor can indeed be

appealing for both developers as well as establishments who want their apps in all major

platforms.

4.2. Versatility

Tizen allows a wide variety of application development which can run across multiple

device categories. This could be achieved primarily because of highly optimized

HTML5 support in Tizen. An app on Tizen coded in HTML5 would run on everything

from smartphones to laptops and even to devices such as TVs. HTML5 is the latest

version of Hypertext Markup Language, the code that expresses web pages. HTML5 has

been designed to convey almost everything you would want to do online without

requiring any additional software such as browser plugins. It does everything from music

to movies, animation to apps, and can also be used to build incredibly complex

applications that run in your browser. HTML5test.com, which indicates how well a

browser supports the approaching HTML5 standard and related specifications, reports

that Tizen is at the top of the list of mobile phone browsers. With HTML5 rivaling the

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 11

functionality, swiftness, performance, and experience of platform-specific development,

HTML5 is progressively being considered for many mobile apps and services. Its mobile

apps are written using HTML5, while other well- known mobile phone operating systems

use Java and Objective-C which are rather inferior. HTML5 essentially permits a

smoother Web browsing experience for mobile devices, such as the capacity to display

embedded videos or play music without an additional plugins and save data offline.

4.3. Personalization & Customization

Tizen is designed to make it economical and feasible to tailor its features to specific

user markets. A developer can easily remove the operating system components for

running the apps that user do not require. As a result, Tizen will allow carriers and

developers to take the core OS and customize it for the specific market the phone model

targets [7]. This is a differentiator where Tizen performs much better than other mobile

Operating Systems.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 12

APPLICATIONS

There is a paradigm shift that is taking place towards more and more web based

applications since such web based applications are strong in portability, in addition to the

ease of application development, and has minimal learning curve. While so much has

already been written about the portability of HTML5, prior to Tizen, HTML 5 was not

taken seriously in real world device applications. In addition, the development tools

around Tizen are getting matured. Web 2D and 3D are also being supported through

Canvas Cairo Open GL ES backend. Tizen has mixed application support with HTML5

as well as native elements. These hybrid applications will help cross category high

performance application like TV/video applications in HTML 5 in Tizen environment

and can be easily ported to other devices as well. Many applications and middleware will

come as part of Tizen like DLNA stack, Dual display support and Wi-Fi tethering for IVI

needs.

Tizen is an open source, standards-based software platform for multiple device

categories, including smartphones, tablets, netbooks, in-vehicle infotainment devices,

smart TVs, and more. Tizen offers an innovative operating system, applications, and a

user experience that consumers can take from device to device.

Smartphones

Tizen smartphone technologies include a flexible and powerful user interface, 3D

window effects, advanced multimedia, location based service frameworks, sensor

frameworks, and multi-tasking and multi-touch capabilities. In addition, support for

scalable screen resolution means that the platform can deliver a consistent user

experience across a broad range of handset types and form factors.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 13

Tablets

Tizen offers a touch-optimized user interface for tablets with a suite of built-in

applications for Web browsing, personal information management, and media

consumption.

Netbooks

Tizen will provide expanded features, improved performance, and a richer user

experience for netbooks. Tizen is a light-weight, scalable, fast-booting, brand-able

operating system, with advanced support for touch and connectivity.

In-Vehicle Infotainment

In-Vehicle infotainment systems are devices that deliver navigation, entertainment, and

networked computing services in vehicles, such as cars, trucks, planes, and buses.

The Tizen In-Vehicle infotainment software platform is designed to enable rich internet

and multimedia consumer experiences for vehicles.

Smart TV

Tizen for Smart TV delivers a complete, open standards-based Linux stack, optimized

for living room devices, such as Blu-ray players, set top boxes, and digital TVs. It is

designed for an Internet-connected TV experience, allowing users to enjoy access to

multiple applications, services, and personal media, all while watching TV.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 14

TIZEN SDK

A Tizen application is based on the standard web technology such as JavaScript,

CSS, HTML5, and W3C widget packaging. With the support of rich Tizen Device API

and Web UI framework, developers can create variety of applications which run in

multiple devices. So, traditional web developers can leverage their knowledge in

developing Tizen applications which utilize native device features. The Tizen SDK is a

comprehensive set of tools for developing Tizen applications. It consists of IDE,

emulator, installer, toolchain, sample code, documentation, and so on. With the Tizen

SDK, a developer can easily develop Tizen web application during the whole

development cycle from installation to publishing. The Tizen SDK provides the same

web development experience such as previewing in browser and debugging based on a

web inspector. The Tizen SDK provides rich templates for web application, powerful

JavaScript and CSS syntax checker, and tiny HTML WYSIWYG builder as well

improving programming productivity. A developer can test his web application on the

high performance emulator or web simulator on his host PC such as Windows and Linux.

In this talk, we give some tutorials on developing Tizen applications using the Tizen

SDK.

INSTALLING TIZEN SDK

When installing the Tizen SDK, you can select the network installation, or SDK

image installation. You can also install the SDK using the command line interface. To

upgrade the SDK, see Upgrading the Tizen SDK. To contribute to the Tizen platform

development, install the Platform SDK.

Tizen SDK Installation

Install the Tizen SDK using one of the following methods.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 15

Network Installation

SDK Image Installation

Command Line Interface Installation

Network Installation

To install the Tizen SDK using the Install Manager:

1. Download the SDK Install Manager.

2. Run the Install Manager.

The SDK set-up wizard starts.

3. Click Install.

4. Select the components you want to install and click Next.

5. Accept the terms and conditions, and click Next.

6. Select the SDK home folder and click Install.

During installation, the SDK set-up wizard may require you to enter local

administrative privileges. The SDK set-up wizard notifies you when the installation is

complete. This means that the SDK is fully installed and configured on your compute

SDK Image Installation

To install the SDK using an image file:

1. Download the SDK Install Manager. The SDK image file is a package which

contains all the SDK files required for an offline environment.

2. Run the SDK Install Manager.

The SDK set-up wizard starts.

3. Click Advanced.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 16

4. In the Advanced Configuration window, select the SDK Image radio button.

5. Click the folder button, browse to the SDK image file, and click OK.

6. Click Install.

7. Select the components you want to install and click Next.

8. Accept the terms and conditions, and click Next.

9. Select the SDK home folder and click Install.

The SDK set-up wizard informs you when the installation is complete. That means that

the SDK is fully installed and configured on your computer.

Command Line Interface Installation

On Ubuntu®, before running the SDK Install Manager, add an executable permission to

the Install Manager with the following command line command:

$ chmod +x tizen-sdk-<version>-ubuntu<bits>.bin

On Mac OS® X, open tizen-sdk-<version>-macos64.dmg and click Tizen SDK Install.

Starting the Tizen IDE

The Tizen IDE (integrated development environment) is part of the SDK and installed

with it. When you start the IDE, you are prompted to define the path for the IDE

workspace. If you start with a new version of the IDE, do not use a workspace created

for a previous IDE version.

To start the IDE:

On Ubuntu®, go to Applications > Tizen SDK > Tizen IDE.

On Windows®, go to Start > Tizen SDK > Tizen IDE.

On Mac OS® X, go to the tizen-sdk/ide directory and run the Tizen IDE

application.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 17

ADVANTAGES

Compatibility with multiple mobile platforms: which means that

applications made with the tizen os is still compatible and may be

launched in other os like android and ios with a little code change

Extensive personalisation capabilities: which is even better than that of

android ; it is support by ARMx86 processors ; and the very low limits on

the development platform of privatization.

It will have the best HTML5 support.

Tizen OS was able to run android application which has a base of

HTML5. this is of course very good news for you. you will still get the

ability to perform activities obtained from the android operating system.

This operating system has support from a variety of other devices such as

a TV, a camera, or a PC.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 18

FUTURE SCOPE

Support and availability of applications can be a major decisive factor when resorting

to Tizen. Supporting both, native and web apps alike, Tizen store is already set with apps

even before the OS has been launched, but it’s not comparable to Android and IOS

counterparts. There’s no denying that Samsung and Intel are pushing developer to support

their Tizen platform. If history teaches us anything though, it's that mobile OS' live or die by

the wealth of apps present in their app stores. So, with that in mind, it's safe to say that Tizen

will have to pull out all the stops to attract the interest of third party developers and get them

creating superior apps to entice a potential user-base.

According to Tizen supporters’ internal company goals, the platform needs to reach a

sizeable (e.g. mid-teens) self-sustainable market share in smartphones, if it is to be

considered a success in terms of the Tizen Association’s stated aim of providing a viable

alternative to established mobile platforms.

This ramp up is considerable and will not be achieved without a sizable effort by the

Tizen Association members. Ovum recommends that the Tizen Association should have two

main aims in its efforts to redress the balance of the smart device market:

Building a critical mass of devices, both in the market and in consumers’ hands

Attracting the support of both brand name and long tail applications and content

developers

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 19

LIMITATIONS

Tizen is still underestimated by the public. because not too familiar, of course, Tizen

is still a second choice after the Android OS.

device performance is not maximized. this is because Tizen is still in development

stage.

if android already has the support of a wide range of well-known applications.

different things to be found on Tizen. Tizen salty yet have an application that is

specifically made for Tizen OS.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 20

CONCLUSION

User experience will get simplified with Tizen and it is likely to evolve as a great

platform for connected devices. With application programmers, the eventual push for

HTML5 will help Tizen applications as well in future. While today iOS has more revenues

and Android more devices, and this tug war to be on top is going on, HTML5 and Tizen are

likely to evolve as viable Android alternative for the contributing members like Samsung.

The open nature may also push Tizen is not a potential second spot contender

Connected devices are becoming much broader segment than just mobile phones or tables. In

this scenario, open cross category platform, Tizen will be deployed in smartTV, car’s vehicle

infotainment, game consoles, hosted games, eBooks, Music boxes, camera, Glasses and

watches. Smart device is a tool that makes end user life simpler. Breaking the barrier

between various devices is the key for system integrators and operators. As the network

bandwidth catches up with user interactions, more complex applications written with few

simple lines of HTML5 on Tizen will catch user imaginations. Mobiveil is embracing this

vision along with Tizen and creating a Tizen competency lab. Tizen will help corporations to

think globally, act locally with its reach to under developed and developing nations with

affordable smart phones with web connectivity

From initial findings, Tizen looks promising operating system with a solid backing from

big names Samsung & Intel. It has various features which gives it an edge over other OS.

Tizen will have to push really hard to gain the top spot, it has various features to do so but

require a strong application database.

TIZEN OPERATING SYSTEM

CSE Dept. GNDEC, Bidar Page 21

REFERENCE

https://tizen.org

Tizen SDK download and Events checking.

mailing list&IRC

IRC: discussion, troubleshooting, collaboration, chatting with other

contributors

source code: https://review.tizen.org/git/

code review: https://review.tizen.org/gerrit/

wiki: https://wiki.tizen.org