title: 9-2 the krebs cycle & electron transport essential question? what happens during the...
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Chapter 9 Respiration
Title: 9-2 The Krebs Cycle & Electron
TransportEssential Question?
What happens during the Krebs Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain
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What happens during the Krebs cycle?
How are high-energy electrons used by the electron transport chain?
Objective
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At The End Of Glycolysis, 90% Of The Energy Is Still
Contained In The Pyruvate Molecules.
Aerobic Respiration Will Release The Energy
Overview of Respiration
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Cellular Respiration Is The Process That Releases
Energy By Breaking Down Molecules Of Glucose In The
Presence Of Oxygen.
Overview of Respiration
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C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O
Cellular Respiration
In The Presence of Oxygen
Back Where We Started
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Hans Krebs (1900-1981)◦ Forced to emigrate from
Germany to England in 1933.◦ Noble Prize in Physiology 1953◦ Discovered:
1. Glycolysis Happens In The Cytoplasm
2. Pyruvic Acid Then Moves To The Mitochondria
The Krebs Cycle
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Mitochondria
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Key Concept:
During The Krebs Cycle, Pyruvic Acid Is Broken Down Into Carbon Dioxide, In A Series Of Energy-Extracting Reactions
The Krebs Cycle
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The Krebs CycleAKA
The Citric Acid Cycle
The Krebs Cycle
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Step ACitric Acid Production
Pyruvic Acid (3 Carbon
Compound) Enters The Mitochondria
1 Carbon becomes CO2
2 Carbons Join Coenzyme A Forming Acetyl-CoA next◦ 2 Carbon acetyl group added
forming Citric Acid (6 Carbon)
The Krebs Cycle
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Step BEnergy Extraction
Citric Acid breaks down to a 4-Carbon Molecule + 2CO2
High Energy Electrons Released◦ Electrons Captured By: NAD+ FAD (flavine adenine
dinucleotide)
The Krebs Cycle
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CO2-You breath it out
ATP-Powers Cellular Activities
NADH & FADH2-Powers Electron Transport Chain
The Krebs Cycle
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Key Concept:
The Electron Transport Chain In The Mitochondria Inner Membrane Uses High Energy Electrons From The Krebs Cycle To Convert ADP into ATP
Electron Transport Chain
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Electron Transport Chain
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Electron Transport Chain
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Step A◦NADH & FADH2 Release High Energy Electrons & H+
◦Electrons Picked Up By Carrier Proteins In The Mitochondrial Inner Membrane (Eukaryotes) In The Cell Membrane of Prokaryotes
Electron Transport Chain
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Step A (continued)
◦At The End Of The Electron Transport Chain The Electrons Must Be Passed To An Electron Acceptor – They Can Not Just Vanish
Where Do They Go??????
Electron Transport Chain
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Step A (continued)◦ Oxygen Is The Final Electron
Acceptor. Hydrogen Ions Are Attached And Water Is Formed
This Is Why You Need To Breath In
Oxygen!
Electron Transport Chain
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Step B Every Time 2 High
Energy Electrons Pass Through The Electron Transport Chain◦ H+ (Hydrogen Ions)
Are Transported Into The Mitochondrial Intermembrane Space!
Electron Transport Chain
Intermembrane Space
Matrix
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Step CATP Synthase
H+ ProvidesEnergy For
ATP Production
Electron Transport Chain
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Glycolysis 2 ATP
Krebs Cycle &Electron Transport 34 ATP
36 ATP
ATP = 38% Energy In 1 GlucoseHeat = 62% Energy In 1 Glucose
The Totals per Glucose
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Quick Exercise◦Uses Current ATP Stores◦Cell Kicks In Lactic Acid Fermentation
◦Provides Energy Only For About 90 Seconds
Energy & Exercise
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Quick Energy (continued)◦Lactic Acid Builds Up In The Cell & MUST Be Removed
◦That Requires Extra Oxygen Heavy Breathing Sore, Tired Muscles
Energy & Exercise
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Long-Term Energy◦Cellular Respiration Must Accelerate Drawing Energy From:GlucoseGlycogenFats
Energy & Exercise