April 21, 1526March 17, 1527Dec. 26, 1530July 11, 15431554July 23, 1555Jan. 17, 1556Nov. 5, 15561560s - 1570sc!. 27, 1605161316151620s1627163216321644165"1660s-16#0s167116#6March 3, 1707$e%. 27, 1712$e%. 11, 17131713 - 171#$e%. 2", 171#June 13, 171#&ep!. 1#, 171#&ep!. 27, 171#c!. #, 1720c!. 12, 1722172" - 1763$e%. 13, 173#March 11, 174"Apr. 26, 174"May, 1754June 2, 1754June 3, 17541756Nov. 2#, 175#c!. 10, 1760c!. 1760 - 1"06c!. 23, 1764Nov. 1#, 1"06&ep!. 2", 1"371"571"5"Babur dies, is succeeded by son HumayanSecond Battle of Panipat, child Emperor Akbar's army defeats Hemu's Hindu forcesAkbar the Great dies, succeeded by his son JahangirBritain sends rst ambassador, Sir !homas "oe, to #ughal court#ughal art reaches high point under Jahangir's ruleBritish East $ndia %ompany builds &ort St' George in #adras (no) %hennai*, southeast coastal $ndiaAurang+eb imprisons his father, Shah Jahan, for the rest of his life in the "ed &ort at AgraAurang+eb orders construction of the Badshahi #os,ue at -ahore, no) in PakistanBahadur Shah $ dies, succeeded by incompetent son Jahandar ShahJahandar Shah is e.ecuted by agents of nephe) &arrukhsiyar, )ho takes #ughal throneSyeds kill /01year1old Emperor "a ud12aulah after three months on throneSyed brothers place 341year1old #uhammad Shah on #ughal throne, rule in his name until 34/5Emperor #uhammad Shah orders Syed Hussain Ali 6han killed at &atehpur SikriEmperor #uhammad Shah has Syed Hassan Ali 6han Barha poisoned to death, takes po)er in his o)n right&irst Battle of Panipat, Babur defeats $brahim -odhi,Sultan of 2elhi, and founds#ughal EmpireBattle of 6han)a,Baburcon,uers combined army of the"a8putprinces and takes control of much of northern $ndiaPashtunleader Sher Shah Suri defeats Humayan, dri9es him into e.ile inAfghanistanHumayan tra9els toPersia, hosted bySafa9idemperor2iscord among Sher Shah Suri's successors allo)s Humayun to retake control of northern $ndia, be restored to #ughal throneHumayan falls do)n stairs and dies, succeeded by 301year1old son Akbar, laterAkbar the GreatAkbar consolidates #ughal rule o9er much of northern and central $ndia, as )ell as )hat is no) Pakistan andBangladesh!heBritish East $ndia %ompanydefeats Portuguese at Surat, Gu8arat State and establishes rst )arehouse in $ndiaEmperor Jahangir dies, succeeded by sonShah JahanShah Jahan orders destruction of ne)ly1built Hindu temples, breaking )ith #ughal record of religious toleranceShah Jahan designs and begins building!a8 #ahalas tomb for his fa9orite )ife, #umta+ #ahalAurang+eb e.pands #ughal rule to more than 0'/ million s,uare km, including Assam, the2eccan plateau, and parts of southern $ndiaEstablishment of British East $ndia %ompany's &ort :illiam on Ganges delta, fort and trading factory )hich becomes %alcutta (6olkata*2eath of Aurang+eb marks end of #ughal Golden Era, beginning of slo) decline; he is succeeded by son Bahadur Shah $:eak1)illed Emperor &arrukhsiyar falls under control of Syed brothers, t)o generals and king1makers )ho had helped depose Jahandar ShahSyed brothers ha9e Emperor &arrukhsiyar blinded and strangled; his cousin "a ud12ar8at becomes ne) #ughal emperor3,555 #ughal troops$mad1ul1#ulk appoints Alamgir $$, the >>1year1old second son of Jahandar Shah, as the ne) #ughal EmperorEmperor Shah Alam $$, in alliance )ith 2urranis, )orks to restore glory of #ughal EmpireAkbar Shah $$ dies at age of 44, succeeded as puppet ruler by son Bahadur Shah $$Emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur deposed and blinded by?i+ier$mad1ul1#ulk; former emperor spends rest of life in prison, dying in 344>British make lurid charges about imprisonment and death of 3/0 British and Anglo1$ndian troops by Bengali captors inBlack Hole of %alcutta; story likely fabricated$mad1ul1#ulk and #aratha ruler Sadshi9rao Bhau conspire to murder Alamgir $$, place Aurang+eb's grandson Shah Jahan $$$ on #ughal throneShah Jahan $$$ deposed after less than a year, but sur9i9es until 344/; succeeded by Alamgir $$'s son, Shah Alam $$Battle of Bu.ar,British East $ndia %ompanydefeats combined army of Emperor Shah Alam $$ and the na)abs of A)adh and BengalEmperor Shah Alam $$ dies, marking end of e@ecti9e leadership from #ughal 2ynasty; he is succeeded by hapless son Akbar Shah $$, )ho is puppet of the BritishAse of pork andBor beef fat on army cartridges sets o@ CSepoy #utinyC or$ndian "e9oltBritish use $ndian "e9olt of 3D>4 as prete.t to e.ile last #ughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah $$, to "angoon,Burma; #ughal dynasty ends