timeline of modernist architecture 30.11.2009
TRANSCRIPT
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TIMELINE OF
MODERNIST ARCHITECTURE
+ DESIGNS BY LEON KRÜGER ARCHITECTS
The buildings designed by Leon Krüger Architects (“LKA”) contextualised within the development of Modernist Architecture from the 1940s to 2003
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1940s to 1970s International Style
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
1950 onwards Postmodern Architecture
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) PORTLAND USA PUBLIC SERVICES BUILDING – Post-modernist Architecture continues to influence present-day architecture - return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in response to the formalism of the International Style of modernism.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA - GNLD DISTR. CENTRE, LONGMEADOW,
JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
1950 onwards Postmodern Architecture
1940s to 1960s Googie Architecture
(Left) MCDONNELL PLANETARIUM - A subdivision of expressionist, or futurist architecture - upswept roofs and, often, curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold use of glass, steel and neon.
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) PORTLAND USA PUBLIC SERVICES BUILDING – Post-modernist Architecture continues to influence present-day architecture - return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in response to the formalism of the International Style of modernism.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA- NESTLÉ DISTR. CENTRE, NEW GERMANY,
KWAZULU-NATAL, 1994
LKA - GNLD DISTR. CENTRE, LONGMEADOW,
JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
1950 onwards Postmodern Architecture
1940s to 1960s Googie Architecture
1980s – Critical Regionalism
(Right) SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE - Uses contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning –
emphasising topography, climate, light, tectonic form and the tactile sense.
(Left) MCDONNELL PLANETARIUM - A subdivision of expressionist, or futurist architecture - upswept roofs and, often, curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold use of glass, steel and neon.
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) PORTLAND USA PUBLIC SERVICES BUILDING – Post-modernist Architecture continues to influence present-day architecture - return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in response to the formalism of the International Style of modernism.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA- NESTLÉ DISTR. CENTRE, NEW GERMANY,
KWAZULU-NATAL, 1994
LKA - GNLD DISTR. CENTRE, LONGMEADOW,
JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA – TONGA RURAL HOSPITAL, MPUMALANGA 1997
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
1950 onwards Postmodern Architecture
1940s to 1960s Googie Architecture
1980s – Critical Regionalism
Late 1980s Deconstructivism
(Right) IMPERIAL WAR MUSEUM, MANCHESTER, UK - Fragmentation, non-linear processes of design, distortion and dislocation of structure
and envelope - move away from 'rules' of modernism such as "form follows function” & "purity of form“.
(Right) SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE - Uses contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning –
emphasising topography, climate, light, tectonic form and the tactile sense.
(Left) MCDONNELL PLANETARIUM - A subdivision of expressionist, or futurist architecture - upswept roofs and, often, curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold use of glass, steel and neon.
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) PORTLAND USA PUBLIC SERVICES BUILDING – Post-modernist Architecture continues to influence present-day architecture - return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in response to the formalism of the International Style of modernism.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA – FEDERATED
FORUM BUILDING, PRETORIA,
1983
LKA- NESTLÉ DISTR. CENTRE, NEW GERMANY,
KWAZULU-NATAL, 1994
LKA - GNLD DISTR. CENTRE, LONGMEADOW,
JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA – TONGA RURAL HOSPITAL, MPUMALANGA 1997
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
1950 onwards Postmodern Architecture
1940s to 1960s Googie Architecture
1980s – Critical Regionalism
Late 1980s Deconstructivism
2000 onwardsSustainable Architecture
(Right) K2 APARTMENTS, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA - Environmentally-conscious
design techniques – Focus on energy efficiency.
(Right) IMPERIAL WAR MUSEUM, MANCHESTER, UK - Fragmentation, non-linear processes of design, distortion and dislocation of structure
and envelope - move away from 'rules' of modernism such as "form follows function” & "purity of form“.
(Right) SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE - Uses contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning –
emphasising topography, climate, light, tectonic form and the tactile sense.
(Left) MCDONNELL PLANETARIUM - A subdivision of expressionist, or futurist architecture - upswept roofs and, often, curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold use of glass, steel and neon.
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) PORTLAND USA PUBLIC SERVICES BUILDING – Post-modernist Architecture continues to influence present-day architecture - return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in response to the formalism of the International Style of modernism.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA - HITACHI OFFICES, BOKSBURG, 2008
LKA – FEDERATED
FORUM BUILDING, PRETORIA,
1983
LKA- NESTLÉ DISTR. CENTRE, NEW GERMANY,
KWAZULU-NATAL, 1994
LKA - GNLD DISTR. CENTRE, LONGMEADOW,
JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA – TONGA RURAL HOSPITAL, MPUMALANGA 1997
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
1950 onwards Postmodern Architecture
1940s to 1960s Googie Architecture
1980s – Critical Regionalism
Late 1980s Deconstructivism
2000 onwardsSustainable Architecture
2003 onwards Blobitecture
(Right) LONDON CITYHALL Buildings with organic, amoeba-shaped, bulgingforms.
(Right) K2 APARTMENTS, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA - Environmentally-conscious
design techniques – Focus on energy efficiency.
(Right) IMPERIAL WAR MUSEUM, MANCHESTER, UK - Fragmentation, non-linear processes of design, distortion and dislocation of structure
and envelope - move away from 'rules' of modernism such as "form follows function” & "purity of form“.
(Right) SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE - Uses contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning –
emphasising topography, climate, light, tectonic form and the tactile sense.
(Left) MCDONNELL PLANETARIUM - A subdivision of expressionist, or futurist architecture - upswept roofs and, often, curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold use of glass, steel and neon.
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) PORTLAND USA PUBLIC SERVICES BUILDING – Post-modernist Architecture continues to influence present-day architecture - return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in response to the formalism of the International Style of modernism.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA - HITACHI OFFICES, BOKSBURG, 2008
LKA – FEDERATED
FORUM BUILDING, PRETORIA,
1983
LKA- NESTLÉ DISTR. CENTRE, NEW GERMANY,
KWAZULU-NATAL, 1994
LKA - SANDHURST OFFICES, JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA - GNLD DISTR. CENTRE, LONGMEADOW,
JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA – TONGA RURAL HOSPITAL, MPUMALANGA 1997
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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1940s to 1970s International style
1950s onwards Brutalist Architecture
1970 onwards High-tech Architecture
1950 onwards Postmodern Architecture
1940s to 1960s Googie Architecture
1980s – Critical Regionalism
Late 1980s Deconstructivism
2000 onwardsSustainable Architecture
2003 onwards Blobitecture
(Right) LONDON CITYHALL Buildings with organic, amoeba-shaped, bulgingforms.
(Right) K2 APARTMENTS, VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA - Environmentally-conscious
design techniques – Focus on energy efficiency.
(Right) IMPERIAL WAR MUSEUM, MANCHESTER, UK - Fragmentation, non-linear processes of design, distortion and dislocation of structure
and envelope - move away from 'rules' of modernism such as "form follows function” & "purity of form“.
(Right) SYDNEY OPERA HOUSE - Uses contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning –
emphasising topography, climate, light, tectonic form and the tactile sense.
(Left) MCDONNELL PLANETARIUM - A subdivision of expressionist, or futurist architecture - upswept roofs and, often, curvaceous, geometric shapes, and bold use of glass, steel and neon.
(Left) HSBC HONG KONG - A bridge between modernism and post-modernism - incorporates elements of high-tech industry & technology - visual emphasis internal steel and/or concrete skeletal structure - clear glass façade, visible network of support beams exposed behind it.
(Left) PORTLAND USA PUBLIC SERVICES BUILDING – Post-modernist Architecture continues to influence present-day architecture - return of "wit, ornament and reference" to architecture in response to the formalism of the International Style of modernism.
(Left) SEAGRAM BUILDING - The International style epitomises the modernist architectural movement of the 20th century - Form follows Function - simplified form and elimination of ornamentation - stark, uncompromisingly rectangular geometry.
(Left) J EDGAR HOOVER BUILDING, WASHINGTON - From the French “béton brut” (raw concrete) - Use of concrete, striking repetitive angular geometries and the exposure of the building's functions in the exterior of the building.
LKA - CSIR CONVENTION CENTRE, PRETORIA, 1975
LKA - HITACHI OFFICES, BOKSBURG, 2008
LKA – FEDERATED
FORUM BUILDING, PRETORIA,
1983
LKA- NESTLÉ DISTR. CENTRE, NEW GERMANY,
KWAZULU-NATAL, 1994
LKA - SANDHURST OFFICES, JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA - GNLD DISTR. CENTRE, LONGMEADOW,
JOHANNESBURG, 2006
LKA – TONGA RURAL HOSPITAL, MPUMALANGA 1997
LKA - SUNNINGHILL HOSPITAL, JOHANNESBURG,1991
LKA – REPUBLICOBSERVATORY, SUTHERLAND, 1978
LKA – GROSVENOR
CORNER, JOHANNESBURG,
1996
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