tier 4 and beyond! (we’re closer than i thought…) dean still aprovecho research center
TRANSCRIPT
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Tier 4 and Beyond!(We’re closer than I thought…)
Dean Still Aprovecho Research Center
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The International Working Agreement Tiers: Lots of different calculations
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Thermal Efficiency is easy!
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Increasing Heat Transfer Efficiency
• TARP-VE• Temperature• Area• Radiation• Proximity• Velocity• Evaporation• Don’t stop optimizing until the stove has 45% thermal efficiency
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Forced Air Stoves, TLUDs, New Rockets, and a Charcoal Stove scored over 45% thermal efficiency by following Baldwin/Winiarski
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Low Power Specific Consumption does not match High Power Thermal Efficiency
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(MJ/min/L) Low Power Specific Consumption is influenced by the turn-down ratio
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Not much CO when burning wood!
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IWA CO and PM Metrics are based on the effect on health
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Tier 4 for CO on all three measures
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Forced air stoves can be Tier 4 for High Power PM
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Low Power PM is different! (mg/min/L)
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Stoves with chimneys and Indoor Emissions
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Tier 4 and Beyond! • Over 45% thermal efficiency is made possible by following the heat transfer
techniques described by Baldwin and Winiarski! • TLUDs, Forced Air stoves, Rockets, and charcoal stoves stoves can meet the Tier 4
standards on all three metrics for CO (High Power, Low Power, and Indoor Emissions)!• Fan stoves with superior mixing of gases, smoke, and fire reduce PM to Tier 4
levels! • Stoves with chimneys can be as fuel efficient as single pot stoves and the indoor
emissions were essentially nonexistent! • Batch fed stoves often do not turn down enough at Low Power. Metering the fuel
can remedy the problem!• Surprisingly, a charcoal burning stove met all the Tier 4 levels of performance!
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Closing in on the solutions
• Envirofit agrees that stoves should cost $20 retail. ($10 wholesale)• Need 3 to 1 TDR in batch fed stoves• Add ease of use in metered fuel Fan stoves• Rockets: Smoke and gases go into tall flame until fully combusted• Optimize no cost stoves• Fan Side Feed: The answer ?• Only sell chimney stoves ? • Durability: Two years ?• Tier 23333 or Tier 44444 ?