tidbits vernon 188 aug 29 2014 petroleum

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Armstrong Lavington Lumby Vernon Want to run your own business? Publish a paper in your area, and become a part of the family. 1.866.859.0609 www.tidbitscanada.com Make a difference in your community today. TidbitsVernon.com ~ (250) 832-3361 Over 4 million readers in 250 cities, every week! With a unique selection of accommodation options, Coldstream Meadows has something for everyone. Come and see what we have for you! 250-542-5661 | www.coldstreammeadows.com 9104 Mackie Drive, Coldstream BC 4408 27th Street, Vernon, BC 250-542-6998 www.parnells.ca ALL Upright & Chest Freezers on sale NOW! 1-888-888-7072 Call for a FREE Estimate As Low as $ .26 sq/ft + delivery Quality Turf At Wholesale Prices www.westernturffarms.com August 29 - Sept 4, 2014 Issue #00188 TIDBITS® GASSES UP WITH PETROLEUM by Janet Spencer On August 27, 1859, the first productive oil well was drilled in Titusville, PA. Come along with Tidbits as we take a look at petroleum! RECIPE: Take a warm planet and cover liberally with green plants, especially large tropical ferns. Allow plants to decay, and cover planet with alternate layers of rotted plants and sediment. Wait 500 million years, or until sediments harden. Depending on heat and temperature, the result will be pockets of coal, oil, or natural gas. Drill, refine, and serve. “Petro” is Greek for stone and “oleum” is Latin for oil. Petroleum is crude oil. Crude oil is not really flammable. It’s composed of thousands of compounds, and the refinement process results in different products. First the oil is pumped into a “fractionating” column and heated. Certain components of the oil have low boiling points and are very light, so they vaporize and rise to the top where they are collected. These include propane and butane. The “middle distillates” are heavier and rise only half way up the column: gasoline, kerosene, and fuel oil. Heavy residues stay on the bottom, such as asphalt and wax. If these products are distilled again— some under pressure, some in a vacuum— they can be broken down into even more things.

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Page 1: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

Bold Medias Publishing For Advertising Please Call (604) 454 - 1387 www.tidbitsvancouver.com ◆ Armstrong ◆ Lavington ◆ Lumby ◆ Vernon ◆

Want to run your own business?Publish a paper in your area, and become

a part of the family.

1.866.859.0609www.tidbitscanada.com

Make a difference in your community today.

TidbitsVernon.com ~ (250) 832-3361

Over 4 million readers in 250 cities, every week!

With a unique selection of accommodation options, Coldstream Meadows has something for everyone.

Come and see what we have for you!

250-542-5661 | www.coldstreammeadows.com9104 Mackie Drive, Coldstream BC

4408 27th Street, Vernon, BC

250-542-6998www.parnells.ca

ALLUpright & Chest

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August 29 - Sept 4, 2014 Issue #00188

TIDBITS® GASSES UP WITH

PETROLEUMby Janet Spencer

On August 27, 1859, the first productive oil well was drilled in Titusville, PA. Come along with Tidbits as we take a look at petroleum!

RECIPE:• Take a warm planet and cover liberally with

green plants, especially large tropical ferns. Allow plants to decay, and cover planet with alternate layers of rotted plants and sediment. Wait 500 million years, or until sediments harden. Depending on heat and temperature, the result will be pockets of coal, oil, or natural gas. Drill, refine, and serve.

• “Petro” is Greek for stone and “oleum” is Latin for oil. Petroleum is crude oil. Crude oil is not really flammable. It’s composed of thousands of compounds, and the refinement process results in different products. First the oil is pumped into a “fractionating” column and heated. Certain components of the oil have low boiling points and are very light, so they vaporize and rise to the top where they are collected. These include propane and butane. The “middle distillates” are heavier and rise only half way up the column: gasoline, kerosene, and fuel oil. Heavy residues stay on the bottom, such as asphalt and wax. If these products are distilled again— some under pressure, some in a vacuum— they can be broken down into even more things.

Page 2: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

Page 2 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361

BLACK GOLD IN CANADA• The first commercial oil well in Canada

became operational in 1858 at Oil Springs, Ontario. James Miller Williams dug several wells between 1855 and 1858 before discovering a rich reserve of oil four meters below ground. He extracted 1.5 million liters of crude oil by 1860, refining much of it into kerosene lamp oil. Because William’s oil well became commercially viable a year before the oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania did, it can be considered to be the first commercial oil well in North America. Today Canada is the sixth largest oil producing country in the world.

INDISPENSIBLE• You’d be surprised at how hard it is to get away

from petroleum products. Your bed sheets, pajamas, and shirt may be 50% polyester, made from natural gas. Your alarm clock has a styrene case, an ethylene derivative. Soap is made from the fatty acid in paraffin, and shampoo contains propylene glycol. You have a plastic toothbrush. There are petro-products in shaving cream. Rubbing alcohol is a derivative. The morning paper was pulped using petro-detergents and printed with carbon-black, which comes from crude oil. Consider your plastic glasses, buttons on your shirt, synthetic rubber soles, and the pen in your pocket. Your vinyl kitchen floor and floor wax and ammonia. The wax on your milk carton and the plastic coffeemaker and the cellophane over your donuts. The asphalt you drive on and the antifreeze in your engine. The nylon ribbon in your typewriter. The list is practically endless: plastics, synthetic fibers, adhesives, surface coatings, drugs, pesticides, fertilizers.

• There are more than 3,000 compounds that originate with crude oil. Still, only 5% of world oil consumption is used for petrochemical products. The rest is burned as fuel.

OCTANE, KNOCKING, & DIESEL• Crude oil is composed of nothing but

hydrogen and carbon atoms, linked together in chains of various lengths. When you separate the petroleum into its different “chains,” you get different substances. As the chains get longer, they get heavier and they have different properties. Methane (with one carbon atom), ethane (two carbon atoms),

propane (three), and butane (four) are the four lightest chains, which are all gasses with low boiling points. Octane is called octane because it has eight carbon atoms.

• In a gasoline engine, gas and air are mixed together to create a vapor that is compressed by a piston, which is then ignited by a spark plug. The amount of compression is called the compression ratio of the engine.

• Octane handles compression very well- you can compress it a lot and nothing happens. When gas ignites by compression rather than because of the spark from the spark plug, it causes knocking in the engine which causes damage. The octane rating of gasoline tells you how much the fuel can be compressed before it spontaneously ignites. Lower-octane gas (like “regular” 87-octane gasoline) can handle the least amount of compression before igniting. 87 octane gasoline contains 87% octane and 13% other fuel.

• The compression ratio of an engine determines the octane rating of the gas that must be used in the car. One way to increase the horsepower

of an engine is to increase its compression ratio. So a “high-performance engine” has a higher compression ratio and requires higher-octane fuel.

• Charles Kettering was trying to eliminate the “knock” in the engine when he found that adding lead to gasoline increased the octane level, which boosted fuel economy and eliminated knocking. Lead was added to gasoline until the 1970s when it was found to be highly toxic to humans.

DIESEL FACTS• In a diesel engine, only air is compressed by

the piston. The more that air is compressed, the hotter it becomes. Diesel fuel is injected at just the right moment of compression and combusts from the heat of the air alone– no spark plug required. Diesel fuel is heavier, denser, and less flammable than gasoline. In order to detonate it, it has to be compressed in a cylinder to a very high pressure and temperature, at which point it detonates without a spark. Because diesel is denser, it has more energy per gallon. Diesel-powered

Page 3: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing Page 3

Famous Canadians

ABRAHAM GESNER• Abraham Gesner was born in Cornwallis,

Nova Scotia, in 1797. When his first career as a seaman ended up with him being shipwrecked twice, he decided to pursue a career as a doctor instead. He was studying medicine in London when he also became interested in geology after becoming friends with Britain’s premier geologist Charles Lyell.

• He returned to Canada and set up his practice as a physician, settling in Parrsboro because it’s an area rich in geological features. He constantly collected rock specimens and drew maps as he traveled. As his interest in geology grew, his interest in doctoring faded.

• In 1836, he published a book about the geology of Nova Scotia. This led officials in New Brunswick to hire him to survey the area for coal deposits, and that job inspired him to conduct scientific experiments with coal. He discovered that when coal was placed in a beaker and heated, the resulting liquid was flammable, burning with a bright clear light. In that day and age, whale oil was the most common source of lighting. Whale oil smelled bad when burned, and you had to kill a whale to get it. Gesner’s new coal oil was superior.

• Gesner named the new substance kerosene, from the Greek word ‘keros’ meaning wax. In August of 1846 he gave the first public

demonstration of the preparation and use of the new lamp fuel. His audience was unaware that they were witnessing the birth of the petroleum refining industry.

• In 1850, Gesner created the Kerosene Gaslight Company and began installing lighting in the streets of Halifax and other cities. By 1854, he had patented the process and expanded to the United States where he created the North American Kerosene Gas Light Company in Long Island, New York.

• By 1857, kerosene was being advertised throughout the United States and the British provinces and Gesner’s company prospered, allowing him a comfortable life in Brooklyn. Demand grew to where his company was barely able to keep up. Just then, the discovery of petroleum, from which kerosene could be more easily produced, solved the supply problem.

• By 1859, commercial production of petroleum had begun in northwestern Pennsylvania and southern Ontario. Kerosene can be distilled from petroleum far more easily than from coal, so Gesner’s company was able to produce the product at about one-quarter of its former cost.

• In 1861 he wrote his second book, “A Practical Treatise on Coal, Petroleum and Other Distilled Oils,” which became a standard reference. Eventually, Gesner’s company was absorbed into Standard Oil.

• Gesner returned to Halifax, where he was appointed a Professor of Natural History at Dalhousie University. His collection of specimens comprise the second oldest geological survey collection in the British Empire. His private museum formed the basis of the prestigious New Brunswick Museum. His other inventions include one of the first effective wood preservatives, a process of asphalt paving for highways, briquettes made from compressed coal dust, and a machine for insulating electric wire.

• Today kerosene is commonly used as a cooking and lighting fuel, and it’s also used in jet engines. The Amish, who do not use electricity, depend on it for lighting.

• Gesner died in Halifax in 1864, after seeing his invention cause a precipitous decline in the whaling industry. Imperial Oil provided a tribute at his grave in Halifax, for he did “give the world a better light.”

Page 4: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

Page 4 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361

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PETROLEUM BY-PRODUCTS

• The first U.S. oil well was drilled near Titusville, Pennsylvania, in 1859. At that time, a man named Robert Chesebrough was the owner of a kerosene business which had boomed after the invention of the kerosene lamp five years earlier. With the sudden oil boom, he traveled to Pennsylvania to get into the petroleum business.

• While questioning the drill workers, he found that they were annoyed by problems with a waxy residue that stuck to their drilling rods, gumming them up. They scraped it off and threw it away. Chesebrough returned home to Brooklyn with some of it and spent months experimenting with it: extracting, purifying, and testing. Soon he had a colorless, odorless oily substance, in a day and age when the

only oils available were animal and vegetable oils that spoiled easily and smelled terrible.

• He went on the road with this product, selling it for a penny an ounce. Doctors used it to hasten healing; housewives used it to remove stains from furniture; farm hands used it to revitalize dried leather goods; farmers used it to prevent rust on machinery; painters used it to prevent paint splatters from sticking to floors; and druggists used it as a base for creams and cosmetics. Soon Chesebrough had transformed a gummy waste product into a million-dollar industry, and the product is still found in every drugstore and supermarket today. Chesebrough named the product after the German word for ‘water’ and the Greek word for ‘oil’. What is the product called?

Vaseline Petroleum Jelly.

Page 5: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing Page 5

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DIESEL FACTS CONT’Dvehicles get more miles per gallon. However,

diesel fuel requires a very high compression engine, which is more expensive to build. And because it relies on temperature to detonate, diesel engines traditionally have more trouble starting in cold temperatures. Diesel fuel emits far less carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and other emissions that contribute to global warming.

CRANKCASE OIL• In motor oils, what does the “W” stand for,

such as in 10W-30? It stands for winter. The two numbers, 10 and 30, denote the viscosity of the oil, or its ability to flow. The 10 before the W designates the viscosity in the winter, while the 30 indicates the oil’s ability to flow at normal temperatures. The lower the number in front of the W, the greater the oil’s ability to flow at low temperatures. In SAE 10W 30, the SAE stands for Society of Automotive Engineers.

-FACT-• About 40% of the oil we consume comes from

U.S. production. The U.S. is the third largest oil-producing nation in the world, behind only Saudi Arabia and Russia. Our largest foreign oil supplier is Canada, followed by Mexico, Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, and Nigeria.

Page 6: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

Page 6 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361

Canadian Tid-bitsDEAR PAW’S CORNER: My border collie mix, “Rex,” was difficult to housetrain when he was a puppy, but things smoothed out for several years. Now suddenly he’s pooping all over the house again. I scold him, he looks ashamed and whines, but then it happens again. How do a retrain an old, stubborn dog?

DEAR CLARK: Take Rex straight to the vet. When an adult dog that had no issues with housetraining for several years suddenly develops issues, it’s not a problem of stubbornness. Something else is going on.Incontinence is a somewhat common problem in senior dogs, as they develop various physical problems with bladder, kidneys or muscles. In adult dogs that haven’t reached their expected senior age, eliminating in the house can signal an infection or other disease. In both cases, pets need to be evaluated by a veterinarian.Working out an appropriate treatment may take additional testing and, depending on Rex’s diagnosis, a bit of time to work out the right medications to give, if any. You’ll also need to accommodate his problem, hopefully on a temporary basis, by setting up disposable pee pads appropriate to his size in each room he frequents. A side anecdote: When my mother’s aging German shepherd became incontinent, she rolled out spare carpet strips wherever he walked or rested. These she could clean or dispose of when he had an accident.Train Rex to use the pads similar to his original housetraining outdoors. It’s important to keep up his routine as much as possible: Take him for his walks at the same time as usual and feed him at the same time (unless otherwise directed by the vet).

• Line your pots and pans with plain paper coffee filters to reduce scratches. Replace as needed.

• To keep clothing on the hanger in your closet, try the thin, velvet-lined ones. If you can’t find them, add strips of rubber shelf liner to the tops of your hangers, secured with a little duct tape or safety pins.

• If you have solar lights that stick in the ground, you’re going to love this: Grab one right out of the ground and flip a flowerpot over, stick it into the hole in the bottom of the pot, and you’ve got a nice little table lamp. Great if the power goes out!

• Here’s an easy and healthy way to add moisture and fiber to your burgers or meatballs: oatmeal. Add instead of package bread crumbs, which can include way too much unnecessary sugar or oils. The oats keep the meat nice and moist.

•Fruit salad can be frozen in small portions in the wells of a muffin tin. Press down and include juices. When frozen, it can be removed and the resulting frozen cups put in a freezer safe bag for use in smoothies later.

•Tank tops or scarves can be stored on a hanger to which you’ve attached plastic shower rings. Simply thread the scarf or the tank straps through the ring. They make a nice presentation, and you can fit many on the same hanger.

▶ Château Frontenac in Quebec City is generally recognized as the most photographed hotel in the world, largely due to its prominence in the skyline of Quebec City. The hotel boasts over 600 rooms.

▶ The world’s largest Ukrainian-style Easter egg can be found at Vegrevills, Alberta. Constructed by locals of Ukrainian descent in 1974, the egg is 9 meters (31 ft) long and three and a half stories high, weighing in at 2.5 tons (5,512 lb).

▶ St. Paul, Alberta, is home to the world’s first UFO landing pad, built as a centennial project in an effort to attract both tourists and Martians to the community. The pad consists of a raised platform with a map of Canada embossed on the back stop, consisting of stones provided by each province of Canada. On June 3, 1967, Paul Hellyer, Minister of National Defense, flew in by helicopter to officially open the Pad.

▶ The paint roller was invented in 1940 by Norman Breakey of Toronto. Breakey was never able to produce his invention in large enough numbers to profit from it before others made small changes to the paint roller’s design and were able to market it as their own invention.

Pet Bits

Page 7: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

Wanted: Purchasing old Canadian & American coin collections & accumulations. Old gold & sterling! Private, Prompt & confidential. 250-548-3670(Shuswap)

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1945 Chev Pickup Truck, 1/2 ton, good body & frame, new brakes, 6 cylinder, $800. Other older truck cabs & frames

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GARLIC - Red Russian, Hot Italian, Yugoslavian. $7-$11/lb depending on size. U-PICK...Gravenstein etc. Apples, Pears (Bart), Prune Plums, Table Grapes. Phone ahead. Below Atlantis Waterslides,

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Call (250) 558-3302 for details. (Vernon)

BURKE’S. Cherries $2/lb. Peaches 20 lbs for $25 plus Bartlett Pears, Prune Plums & Cantaloupe. Regular Tomatoes 25 lbs for $20. Roma’s 25 lbs for $22.50. U-Pick Tomatoes $0.40/lb your boxes. (250) 545-2093 (Vernon)

For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing Page 7

Blood Donor ClinicWednesday, August 27, 2014 from 1pm to 6pm, Thursday, August 28, 2014 from 12:30pm to 5:30pm, and Friday, August 29, 2014 from 12:30pm to 5:30pm at Trinity United Church, 3300 Alexis Park Drive. For complete eligibility requirements and to book an appointment please contact Canadian Blood Services 1 888 2 DONATE (1-888-236-6283) www.blood.ca

114th Annual Interior Provincial ExhibitionWednesday, August 27, 2014 to Sunday August 31, 2014 from10am to 10 pm at Armstrong Fair Grounds, 3550 Bridge Street, Armstrong. “Catch the Buzz” at the 114th Annual Interior Provincial Exhibition! Together with the more than 20 agricultural divisions, competitions, interactive displays and demonstrations; be sure to take in the Kids World, music stage, logging show, Wrangle Tour Finals Rodeo, educational activities, petting zoo, midway and visit the many commercial vendors. http://www.armstrongipe.com/

The Dharma Dolls Sunday, August 31, 2014 from 2pm at The Caetani Centre, 3401 Pleasant Valley Road, Vernon. Each performance will feature a local musical act as well as an artist showcase on the beautiful Caetani grounds. Bring your blankets, folding chairs, and a picnic to enjoy a relaxing evening of music presenting diverse genres throughout the summer. A selection of refreshments will be available for purchase and admission will be by donation. Don’t miss the amazing trio of the The Dharma Dolls next in the Caetani Centre Music Series! For more info: (250) 275-1525 http://caetaniculturalcentre.org/

Strategy Board Games NightThursday, September 4, 2014 from 5:30pm at Okanagan Regional Library, 2800 30th Avenue, Vernon. The library invites you to use our space to meet with friends and play your favourite board games. From Settlers of Catan to historical war gaming, a veterean gamer and librarian will be on-hand to moderate and to play. Bring your games, bring your opponents or come alone and meet others who share your hobby. Lengthier games can be stowed away and picked up again the following session. The librarian will be bringing Mage War with more to come. The first and second Thursday of every month at 5:30 pm in the upstairs community room. If you can’t make it at 5:30, come when you can.

New & Used Fishing equipment. Lures, Gang Trolls, Plugs, Flashers, etc. Call for more info: (250) 832-2855 (S. Arm)

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CHICKENS FOR SALE. Free range, organic grain fed, naturally raised. $3.95/lb (250) 938-8488

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2006 29’ Colorado 5th Wheel Bunkhouse with one slide, indoor-out-door shower. $17,000 (250)712-0727 (Kelowna)

Page 8: Tidbits Vernon 188 Aug 29 2014 Petroleum

Page 8 TidbitsVernon.com Cosita Publishing For Advertising Call (250) 832-3361

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