thursday, february 9, 2012 25 days of class until the satp 82 calendar days until the satp no time...
TRANSCRIPT
Thursday, February 9, 201225 days of class until
the SATP82 calendar days until
the SATP
No time to lose!!!!
Objective for Today
• 3d- Analyze the origins and development of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies including ideology, technology, economics, and geography.
• Basically we will look at Capitalism vs Communism(Economics and Ideology), The Korean War(Geography), The Bay of Pigs Invasion(Geography), and The Cuban Missile Crisis(Technology and Geography).
THE COLD WAR HEATS UP
US and USSR are trying to each control as many countries as possible!!!
Stalin and the USSR United States
In the Cold War, the US and the USSR were both trying to dominate the world with their particular political
and economic systems.
Capitalism • Wealth is based on
competition among people• Businesses dominate• Unequal distribution of
wealth results (really poor and really rich…)
Communism• Wealth is distributed by the
state to ensure that each person has an equal amount
• The idea is that everybody has what they need…nobody has 5 houses while others live on the street
Cold War standoff!!!
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
Warsaw Pact (Stalin and his communist buddies)
US Strategy on USSR: Containment
Berlin Airlift
Truman Doctrine:Aid to Greece and Turkey to
fight communism
Marshall Plan:Aid to rebuild Europe…And to discourage countries from communism
Today’s examples of Containment
Korean War: fighting Communists
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Cuba
THE KOREAN WAR
American soldiers in the Korean war
What caused the Korean War?
Japan had ruled Korea since 1910. At the end of WWII, Japanese forces in the north surrendered to
the Soviets. In the south, the Japanese surrendered to the Americans.
2 nations then developed.
North:Communist
South:Democracy
They were separated by the 38th parallel, an imaginary line that divides Korea at 38 degrees north
latitude.
In June 1950, North Korea, with Soviet support, started the Korean
War by invading South Korea.
Truman was afraid another Asian
nation was about to fall to
communism.
Truman ordered air & naval support for South Korea.
President Truman signing a proclamation declaring a national emergency that initiates U.S. involvement in the Korean War.
This cartoon by the British cartoonist David Low, from the Daily Herald (30 Jun 1950), shows Truman and the United Nations rushing to
Korea’s aid.
Then the United Nations agreed to help South Korea.
Troops from 16 nations – most of them American – were sent to South Korea.
They were led by General Douglas MacArthur.
President Truman and General Douglas MacArthur
North Korean troops moved steadily south.
They conquered the South Korean capital of Seoul.
Then MacArthur launched a counterattack.
His forces trapped about ½ the North Korean Army, which surrendered.
MacArthur’s success in Korea made him a national hero.
North Korean prisoners of war under guard
In this photograph, Koreans suspected of being Communists are held by anti-Communist South
Korean troops.
UN & South Korean forces advanced toward the 38th parallel.
If they crossed it, the war would become an offensive rather than a
defensive one.
For 2 years, fighting continued. But neither side advanced.
MacArthur wanted to extend the war into China. He even suggested dropping atomic bombs on China. Truman was against this strategy. The Soviets were allies of the Chinese. Truman felt
bombing China would start WWIII.
A cease-fire went into effect in June 1951Both sides agreed on a demilitarized zone at
the 38th parallel.
North Korea
South Korea
38th Parallel
An armistice was signed in July 1953.
The agreement was a stalemate. Korea
was still divided b/w Communist N.
Korea & non-Communist S.
Korea.
Bay of Pigs InvasionThe island nation of Cuba, right next to the United States, became communist in 1959, led by Fidel Castro.
Cuba
Bay of Pigs invasion
President John F. Kennedy Fidel Castro
Cuban leader
Bay of Pigs Invasion
The United States, under President Kennedy, decided to train former Cuban citizens who had defected from Cuba to invade the island and overthrow Castro.
Cuban Missile CrisisWe found out that the Soviets were putting nuclear weapons bases on Cuba…Cuba is right by the US…so we thought they were getting ready to drop nuclear bombs on us.
Cuba
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviet Intermediate Range Nuclear Ballistic Missile
Cuban Missile Crisis
US ResponsePresident Kennedy set up a blockade around Cuba to prevent the Soviets from shipping in more missiles
Blockade of Cuba
American ships
Review: Today’s examples of Containment
1. Korean War
2. Bay of Pigs invasion
3. Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuba