three innovative methanation technologies
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Three innovative methanation technologies. Workshop for the promotion of biomethane in Denmark Agro Food Park 12 S eptember 2013 Anders Peter S. Adamsen. Background. Fluctuating production of electricity from wind turbines Excess or inexpensive electricity requires solutions - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
TATIONpRÆSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
THREE INNOVATIVE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Workshop for the promotion of biomethane in DenmarkAgro Food Park12 September 2013
Anders Peter S. Adamsen
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
2
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Background
Fluctuating production of electricity from wind turbines
Excess or inexpensive electricity requires solutions
Difficult to store electricity
Easy to store and transport methane where access to natural gas grid
The solutionExcess electricity can be converted to methane by methanation of
carbon dioxide, e.g. in biogas
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
3
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Energinet.dk’s vision for fossil fuel freeDenmark in 2050 – The Wind Scenario
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
El- Transmission
Gas Transmission
Peak Shave:Gas Turbine
SOFC
Catalysis:MeOH, DME
Gasoline, SNG
District Heating
GasSystemStorage
UpgradeTo
Methane
District Heating
District Heating
SOECElectrolysis
Gasifier/Digester
Capture
Biomass
Air
Low priced
DH
DH
O2
Hea
t
High priced
Cleaning
Compress
Green Synfuels
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
4
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Haldor Topsøe’schemical methanation process
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
5
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Fuel Cell and Electrolyser12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
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THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Synergy between SOEC and fuel synthesis
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
7
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIESBiogas to SNG via SOEC and methanation of the CO2 in the biogas
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
Biogas
Oxygen
Water
Condensate
SNG
SteamMethanator
SOEC
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
8
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Gasclean up for sulfur and other impurities in the biogas
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
Biogas
Hydrogen
Catalyst AActive Carbon Catalyst B
Cleaned gasto methanator
Test for > 800 hours at Aarhus University, Foulum have shown sulfur removal to be ~100%
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
9
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES 12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
10
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Biological methanation of biogas – the Electrochaea processConsortium:› Electrochaea.dk ApS› E.ON.› Nordjysk Elhandel AS› Aarhus University
Key numbers:› Period: Jan. 2012 – Dec. 2013› Support from EUDP: 6.6 million DKK› Total budget: ~12 million DKK
› 250 kW as methane› Demonstration over 3,000 hours under
realistic market conditions for electricity and gas
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Power-to-Gas Overview
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12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
12
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Electrochaea: technlogy basic:› Converting Power to Biomethane Using Biological Catalyst
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
13
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Electrochaea Process Flow Steps
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
14
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Electrochaea’s Biocatalyst› Methanogenic archaea, a single-celled microorganism
› Anaerobic extremophiles› Selectively evolved, not genetically modified
› Oxygen tolerance› Mass conversion efficiency› Reaction kinetics
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
15
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Electrochaea’s Biocatalyst: properties
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
16
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Direct addition of hydrogen to biogas or the biogas broth – the DTU processDeveloped by Gang Luo, Postdoc, and Irini Angelidaki, Professor
The principle:› CO2 together with H2 could be used by hydrogenotrophic methanogens
for methane production› 4H2+CO2=CH4+2H2O
› In Denmark, H2 could be obtained by electrolysis of water using the surplus electricity from wind mills
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
17
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
DTU’s upgrading concepts
DTU has developed both ex-situ and in-situ biogas upgrading technologies which are patented:
› Direct injection in a biogas reactor (in-situ upgrading). Important points
for efficient upgrading in in situ upgrading system› Co-digestion with acidic wastes to keep pH to below 8.0
› Distribution of H2 through hollow fibre membranes
› Injection of H2 to a gas flow biogas reactor
› Separate treatment of biogas in a separate biogas reactor (ex-situ
upgrading)
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
18
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Concept 1: In-situ biogas upgrading
Very simple process for biogas upgrading
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
19
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Concept 2: ex-situ biogas upgrading
An alternative method which does not affect the anaerobic process in the biogas reactor
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
20
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Status on the DTU concept
› Currently, CH4 content of 98-99% in the biogas is achieved by
both technologies in the lab.
› The technologies are ready for up-scaling.
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
21
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
The challengesThe ongoing demonstrations will provide important information on:› Need of gas cleaning – sulfur gasses etc. (Haldor Topsøe)
› Ramp up and ramp down time› Robustness› System integration› Maturity level› CAPEX› OPEX
12 SEPTEMBER 2013
ANDERS PETER S. ADAMSEN
AARHUSUNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING
22
THREE METHANATION TECHNOLOGIES
Acknowledgement› Haldor Topsøe: John Bøgild Hansen
› Electrochaea: Jeff Fornero
› DTU, BioEnergy Research Group: Gang Luo & Irini Angelidaki
12 SEPTEMBER 2013