this material from briefing apers riefing briefing papers …€¦ · july briefing papers 2006 127...

��

PRACTICAL TIGHT-KNIT BRIEFINGS INCLUDING ACTION GUIDELINES ON GOVERNMENT CONTRACT TOPICS

��

BRIEFINGPAPERS SECOND SERIES

®

�

��

��

��

� ��

� ��

� ��

� ��

��

� ��

��

� ��

��

� ��

� ��

��

�� !��"��# ��$��"�� %�� &�'� �� "� �� !�( �� # �� "�� )� *� ��+�(�� $�� ,� �"� �� %�� -��+�

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

�� !��

"�� #$��%��!��

This material from BRIEFING PAPERS has been reproduced with the permission of the publisher, Thomson West. Further use without thepermission of the publisher is prohibited. For additional information or to subscribe, call 1-800-344-5009 or visit west.thomson.com/fedpub. BRIEFING PAPERS is now available on Westlaw. Visit westlaw.com

� JULY BRIEFING PAPERS 2006 �

�

BRIEFING PAPERS� (ISSN 0007-0025) is published monthly except January (twoissues) and copyrighted © 2006 � Valerie L. Gross, Editor � Periodicals postagepaid at St. Paul, MN � Published by Thomson/West / 610 OppermanDrive, P.O. Box 64526 / St. Paul, MN 55164-0526 � http://www.west.thomson.com � Customer Service: (800) 328-4880�� Postmaster: Send ad-dress changes to Briefing Papers / PO Box 64526 / St. Paul, MN 55164-0526

BRIEFING PAPERS BRIEFING PAPERS� is a registered trademark used herein under license. Allrights reserved. Reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or trans-mission of this publication or any portion of it in any form or by anymeans, electronic, mechanical, photocopy, xerography, facsimile, re-cording or otherwise, without the written permission of Thomson/West is prohibited. For authorization to photocopy, please contact theCopyright Clearance Center at 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA01923, (978)750-8400; fax (978)646-8600 or West’s Copyright Services at610 Opperman Drive, Eagan, MN 55123, fax (651)687-7551.

This publication was created to provide you with accurate and authoritativeinformation concerning the subject matter covered; however, this publicationwas not necessarily prepared by persons licensed to practice law in a particularjurisdiction. The publisher is not engaged in rendering legal or otherprofessional advice, and this publication is not a substitute for the advice ofan attorney. If you require legal or other expert advice, you should seek theservices of a competent attorney or other professional.

��

�� !�� "�� !��

�� #�� $��

��%��

��

�� !��"��#�� $� �� $��%��&�� '�(��

�� !�" �� !� #�$%�� !�#�$�"�& ��!�#�� !�'�&�!(��!� �� )��

�� !�� "��#�� $��%��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� !�� "� ��!��#

$" %��!�� &��

��


�

��

��

��

��

��

�� !�� "��#��

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

�� !�"�� #�� $�� $�� %�� #�� &'�� #�� #�� "�� &�� ()*+��"�� #��

��

� ��

� ��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

��


�

�� !�� "�� #��!�� !��!� �� !�� !��"��#��"��"��

��

�� !�� "�� #�� $� %�� !�� &�� '��

� ��

��

��

�� !� �� "�� #�� #�� #��

� ��

��

� ��

��


�

��

��

�� !��"��#�� #�� "$%��

��

� ��

��

��

��

� ��

��

�� !"�� !

#�� $� �� %�� &�� ' �� $�� &�� &((�� &�� &��)��#�� *��


�

��

��

� ��

��

��

��

�� !�� "�� #$%�� $�� #$%��

� ��

�� !� �� " �� #�� " � �� !� �� !� �� $ ��!� �� %��&��

� ��

�� !�"�� # �� $�$ � �� $� �� # ��% �� $


�

�� !�� !��

��

� ��

�� !��

��

�� !��

�� !� �� "�� "�� !�� #�� $�� %�� &��

��

��

��

�� !� ��

�� "��

��

��

��

��

��


�

��

��

��

� ��

��

��

�� !� �� !� �� !� "�� #$�� %!

�#$�� %� �� %� ��!� &� �� %� �� %� �� '�� (�� %� �� %� �� )� �� !� &� �� %� ��

�� (�� %!

#�� %�� %� �� !�!�� %� �� !&� �� %!��

��

��

��

��

�� !

�� "�� #�� $��!"�� "�� !�� "��%��

��

��&��

��

��

��

��

��

��


�

��

��

��

�� !��"��

�� #

��

��

�� !"

��

�� !�� "��#�

��

��

��

��

��

��

��

1/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729 et seq. See generallyHuffman, Madsen & Hamrick, “The CivilFalse Claims Act,” Briefing Papers No.01-10 (Sept. 2001); Goddard, “BusinessEthics in Government Contracting—PartII,” Briefing Papers No. 03-7 (June2003).

2/ See generally Darst, “SubcontractIncorporation-By-Reference & FlowdownClauses Under Federal Government

4/ (1) California: Cal. Gov’t Code §§ 12650–12656; (2) Delaware: Del. Code Ann.tit. 6, §§ 1201–1209; (3) Florida: Fla.Stat. Ann. §§ 68.081–68.092; (4) Hawaii:Haw. Rev. Stat. §§ 661-21 to 661-29;(5) Illinois: 740 Ill. Comp. Stat. 175/ 1–8; (6) Indiana: Ind. Code §§ 5-11-5.5-1to 5-11-5.5-18; (7) Massachusetts: Mass.Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 12, §§ 5A-5O;(8) Montana: Mont. Code Ann. §§ 17-8-401 to 17-8-412; (9) Nevada: Nev. Rev.Stat. Ann. §§ 357.010–357.250;

Construction Projects,” Briefing PapersNo. 05-7 (June 2005); Feldman,“Subcontractors in Federal Procurement:Roles, Rights & Responsibilities,” BriefingPapers No. 03-3 (Feb. 2003); Perry &Victorino, “Practical Tips & Considerationsfor Subcontract Negotiations: ASubcontractor’s Perspective,” BriefingPapers No. 03-9 (Aug. 2003).

3/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729 et seq.


��

(10) Tennessee: Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 4-18-101 to 4-18-108; and (11) Virginia:Va. Code Ann. §§ 8.01-216.1 to 8.01–216.19.

5/ D.C. Code Ann. §§ 2-308.13 to 2-308.20.

6/ Chicago Ord. ch. 1-21; N.Y.C. LocalLaws § 7-801 et seq.; S.F. Adm. Code§ 21.35.

7/ (1) Louisiana: La. Rev. Stat. Ann.§§ 46:437.1 to 46.440.3; (2) Michigan:2005 Mich. Pub. Acts 337 (approvedJan. 3, 2006); (3) New Hampshire: N.H.Rev. Stat. Ann. § 167:61-b; (4) NewMexico: N.M. Rev. Stat. Ann. §§ 27-14-1 to 27-14-1; (5) North Carolina: N.C.Gen. Stat. §§ 108A-70.10 to 108A-70.16;(6) Texas: Tex. Hum. Res. Code Ann.§§ 36.001–36.117; (7) Utah: Utah CodeAnn. §§ 26-20-1 to 26-20-13; and(8) Washington: Wash. Rev. Code§§ 48.80.010 to 48.80.900; see also Tenn.Code Ann. §§ 71-5-181 to 71-5-185.

8/ Texas: H.B. 400, 78th Legis., Reg. Sess.(2003); Washington: S.B. 5435, 57thLegis., 1st Reg. Sess. (2001).

9/ (1) Alabama: H.B. 348, 2005 Reg. Sess.(2005); (2) Alaska: S.B. 117 and H.B.145, 22d Legis., 1st Sess. (2001);(3) Colorado: H.B. 06-1359, 65th Gen.Assem., 2d Reg. Sess. (2006);(4) Connecticut: S.B. 938, Gen. Assem.Jan. Sess. (2005); (5) Kansas: H.B.2729, 81st Legis., 2005–06 Sess. (2006);(6) Maryland: S.B. 317, 416th Gen.Assem., 2002 Reg. Sess. (2002);(7) Minnesota: S.B. 1428, 84th Legis.Sess (2005); (8) Mississippi: H.B. 317,2005 Reg. Sess. (2005); H.B. 278, 2005Reg. Sess. (2005); (9) Missouri: S.B.1210, 93d Gen. Assem., 2d Reg. Sess.(2006); (10) Nebraska: L.B. 1084, 98thLegis., 2d Sess. (2004); (11) New Jersey:A.B. 2102, 211th Legis. (2004);(12) New York: A.B. 2027, 228th Ann.Legis. Sess. (2005); (13) Oklahoma: S.B.1585, 49th Legis., 2d Sess. (2004); and(14) Pennsylvania: H.B. 898, 187th Gen.Assem., 2003–04 Reg. Sess. (2003).

10/ 18 U.S.C.A. § 287.

11/ See, e.g., Cal. Penal Code § 72; N.J.Stat. Ann. § 2C:21-34 (note there is nocivil FCA in New Jersey).

Contractors, Inc. v. United States, 154F.3d 1357, 1371 (Fed. Cir. 1998), 40GC ¶ 471. But see Young-Montenay,Inc. v. United States, 15 F.3d 1040,1043 (Fed. Cir. 1994), 36 GC ¶ 200;United States ex rel. Stinson, Lyons,Gerlin & Bustamante, P.A. v. ProvidentLife & Accident Ins. Co., 721 F. Supp.1247, 1258–1259 (S.D. Fla. 1989).

25/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a)(1), (2).

26/ 31 U.S.C.A. §§ 3729(a)(7).

27/ See, e.g. Harrison, 176 F.3d at 793;United States v. Sequel Contractors,Inc., 402 F. Supp. 2d 1142, 1150–51(C.D. Cal. 2005); United States ex rel.Ervin & Assocs., Inc. v. The HamiltonSecs. Group, Inc., 370 F. Supp. 2d 18,41, n.12 (D.D.C. 2005); United Statesex rel. Wilkins v. North Am. Constr.Corp., 101 F. Supp. 2d 500, 523–24(S.D. Tex. 2000), modified, 173 F. Supp.2d 601 (S.D. Tex. 2001) (Wilkins I).See generally Chierichella & Gallacher,“Financing Government Contracts/EditionII—Part 1,” Briefing Papers No. 04-12(Nov. 2004); Chierichella & Gallacher,“Financing Government Contracts/EditionII—Part 2,” Briefing Papers No. 04-12(Dec. 2004).

28/ Ab-Tech Constr., Inc. v. United States,31 Fed. Cl. 429 (1994), 36 GC ¶ 384,aff’d, 57 F.3d 1084 (Fed. Cir. 1995);Southern Cal. Rapid Transit Dist. v.Superior Court, 30 Cal. App. 4th 713(2d Dist. 1994). See generally Tolle,“Small Business Contracting—Part I,”Briefing Papers No. 99-11 (Oct. 1999);Tolle, “Small Business Contracting—PartII,” Briefing Papers No. 99-12 (Nov.1999).

29/ E.g., 31 U.S.C.A. §§ 3903(b)(1)(B)(ii),3905(b)–(c); Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code§ 7108.5.

30/ Lamb Eng’g & Constr. Co. v. UnitedStates, 58 Fed. Cl. 106, 110–11 (2003);see also United States ex. rel. Told v.Comtrol, Inc., No. 2:02CV593DAK, 2005WL 2177225 (D. Utah Sept. 6, 2005).

31/ United States ex rel. Plumbers &Steamfitters Local Union No. 38 v. C.W.Roen Constr. Co., 183 F.3d 1088, 1092(9th Cir. 1999), cert. denied, 530 U.S.1203 (2000); United States v. Schimmels,

12/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a)(1).

13/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a)(2).

14/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a)(3).

15/ 31 U.S.C.A.§ 3729(a)(7).

16/ See, e.g., Cal. Gov’t Code § 12651(a)(8);D.C. Code Ann. § 2-308.14(a)(8); Nev.Rev. Stat. Ann. § 357.040(1)(h).

17/ 31 U.S.C.A.§ 3729(a).

18/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(c).

19/ 31 U.S.C.A.§ 3729(a).

20/ United States v. Southland Mgmt. Corp.,326 F.3d 669, 674–75 (5th Cir. 2003),45 GC ¶ 158 (en banc); United Statesex rel. Stebner v. Stewart & StephensonServs., Inc., 144 Fed. Appx. 389, 394(5th Cir. 2005).

21/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(b).

22/ United States v. Gumbs, 283 F.3d 128,131(3d Cir. 2002); United States v. Catton,89 F.3d 387, 392 (7th Cir. 1996); UnitedStates v. Barker, 967 F.2d 1275, 1278–79 (9th Cir. 1991).

23/ See, e.g., United States v. DataTranslation, Inc., 984 F.2d 1256, 1267(1st Cir. 1992), 35 GC ¶ 73; UnitedStates ex rel. Harrison v. WestinghouseSavannah River Co., 176 F.3d 776, 788(4th Cir. 1999), 41 GC ¶ 317; UnitedStates ex rel. Luckey v. BaxterHealthcare Corp., 183 F.3d 730, 732–733 (7th Cir.), cert. denied, 528 U.S.1038 (1999). But see United States exrel. Cantekin v. Univ. of Pittsburgh,192 F.3d 402, 415 (3d Cir. 1999), cert.denied, 531 U.S. 880 (2000) (dicta).

24/ United States ex rel. Varljen v. ClevelandGear Co., 250 F.3d 426, 429 (6th Cir.2001); Bly-Magee v. California, 236 F.3d1014, 1017 (9th Cir. 2001), 43 GC ¶ 28;Harrison, 176 F.3d at 785 n.7; Commercial


��

127 F.3d 875, 877–78 (9th Cir. 1997);United States ex rel. Burns v. A.D. RoeCo., 186 F.3d 717 (6th Cir. 1999). Butsee United States ex rel. Local 342Plumbers & Steamfitters v. Dan CaputoCo., 321 F.3d 926 (9th Cir. 2003). Seegenerally Greenberg, Abrahams & Katz,“Complying With the Davis-Bacon Act,”Briefing Papers No. 03-11 (Oct. 2003).

32/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a)(1), (2), (7); see,e.g., United States v. Bornstein, 423U.S. 303, 309 (1976); United States exrel. Stebner v. Steward & StephensonServs., Inc., 144 Fed. Appx. 389, 394(5th Cir. 2005); Wilkins I, 101 F. Supp.2d at 523–24; United States v. Rachel,289 F. Supp. 2d 688, 695–96 (D. Md.2003); United States ex rel. Varljen v.Cleveland Gear Co., 250 F.3d 426 (6thCir. 2001). But see United States exrel. Waris v. Staff Builders, Inc., No.Civ. A. 96-1969, 1999 WL 179745 (E.D.Pa. Mar. 4, 1999).

33/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(c).

34/ Yuhasz v. Brush Wellman, 341 F.3d559, 564–65 (6th Cir. 2003); UnitedStates v. Sequel Contractors, Inc., 402F. Supp. 2d 1142, 1150–51 (C.D. Cal.2005); United States ex rel. Sanders v.Allison Engine Co., No. 1-:95-CV-970,2005 WL 713569 (S.D. Ohio Mar. 11,2005); see also United States ex rel.Schmidt v. Zimmer, 386 F.3d 235, 243(3d Cir. 2004); United States ex rel.Harrison v. Westinghouse Savannah RiverCo., 176 F.3d 776, 785 (4th Cir. 1999);United States v. Southland Mgmt. Corp.,326 F.3d 669, 675 (5th Cir. 2003); Costnerv. URS Consultants, Inc., 153 F.3d667, 677 (8th Cir. 1998).

35 / See, e.g., United States v. Gumbs, 283F.3d 128,131 (3d Cir. 2002); UnitedStates v. Ueber, 299 F.2d 310 (6th Cir.1962).

36/ Sequel Contractors, Inc., 402 F. Supp.2d at 1150–51; City of Pomona v. SuperiorCourt, 89 Cal. App. 4th 793, 795 (2dDist. 2001) (California FCA).

37/ Sequel Contractors, Inc., 402 F. Supp.2d 1142.

38/ Id. at 1151.

39/ Id.

50/ United States ex rel. Durcholz v. FKWInc., 189 F.3d 542, 546 (7th Cir. 1999);United States ex rel. Wilkins v. NorthAm Constr. Corp., 101 F. Supp. 2d 500,525 (S.D. Tex. 2000), modified, 173 F.Supp. 2d 601, 639–40 n.33 (S.D. Tex.2001).

51/ United States v. Murphy, 937 F.2d 1032,1038–39 (6th Cir. 1991); United Statesex rel. Johnson v. Shell Oil Co., 183F.R.D. 204, 208 (E.D. Tex. 1998). Butsee United States ex rel. Rosales v.San Francisco Housing Auth., 173 F.Supp. 2d 987 (N.D. Cal. 2001); Wilkinsex rel. United States v. State of Ohio,885 F. Supp. 1055, 1059 (S.D. Ohio1995) (Wilkins II).

52/ United States v. Hill, 676 F. Supp. 1158,1173 (N.D. Fla. 1987); Wilkins I, 101 F.Supp. 2d at 525, modified, 173 F. Supp.2d at 639 n.33; United States v. CFWConstr. Co., 649 F. Supp. 616, 618(D.S.C. 1986). But see United Statesv. Bouchey, 860 F. Supp. 890, 893–94(D.D.C. 1994); United States ex rel.Stinson, Lyons, Gerlin & Bustamante,P.A. v. Provident Life & Accident Ins.Co., 721 F. Supp. 1247, 1259 (S.D. Fla.1989).

53/ Cal. Gov. Code § 12651(a)(8); D.C.Code Ann. § 2 308.14(a)(8); Nev. Rev.Stat. Ann. § 357.040(1)(h).

54/ See, e.g., United States ex rel. Klumpv. Dynamics Corp., No. C-1-95-1016,1998 WL 34194886 (S.D. Ohio Nov. 17,1998) (citing LTV Educ. Sys., Inc. v.Bell, 862 F.2d 1168, 1175 (5th Cir.1989)).

55/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a).

56/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a).

57/ United States v. Aerodex, Inc., 469F.2d 1003, 1011 (5th Cir. 1972); BMY-Combat Sys. Div. of Harsco Corp. v.United States, 44 Fed. Cl. 141, 147–48(1999).

58/ See, e.g., United States v. Foster WheelerCorp., 447 F.2d 100, 102 (2d Cir. 1971).But see United States v. CooperativeGrain & Supply Co., 476 F.2d 47, 62(8th Cir. 1973).

40/ City of Pomona, 89 Cal. App. 4th at795.

41/ See, e.g., United States v. GeneralDynamics Corp, 19 F.3d 770, 772, 775(2d Cir. 1994); United States v. Ehrlich,643 F.2d 634 (9th Cir.), cert. denied,454 U.S. 940 (1981); United States exrel. Durcholz v. FKW, Inc., 997 F.Supp. 1143 (S.D. Ind. 1998); UnitedStates ex rel. Fallon v. Accudyne Corp.,880 F. Supp. 636, 638–40 (W.D. Wis.1995).

42/ Compare Stacy & Witbeck, Inc. v. City& County of San Francisco, 47 Cal.App. 4th 1 (1st Dist. 1996) (CaliforniaFCA) with United States v. Farina, 153F. Supp. 819, 821 (D.N.J. 1957).

43/ Stacy & Witbeck, Inc., 47 Cal. App.4th 1.

44/ Farina, 153 F. Supp. at 821.

45/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3731(b).

46/ United States ex rel. Totten v. BombadierCorp., 380 F.3d 488 (D.C. Cir. 2004),cert. denied, 544 U.S. 1032 (2005);United States ex rel. Sanders v. AllisonEngine Co., No. 1-:95-CV-970, 2005WL 713569, at *10 (S.D. Ohio Mar. 11,2005); United States ex rel. Campbellv. Lockheed Martin Corp., 282 F. Supp.2d 1324 (M.D. Fla. 2003). But see UnitedStates ex rel. Maxfield v. WasatchConstructors, No. 2:99-CV-00040 (D.Utah, May 27, 2005).

47/ United States v. Ueber, 299 F.2d 310,312–13 (6th Cir. 1962) (federal criminalFCA).

48/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a)(3).

49/ United States v. Sequel Contractors,Inc., 402 F. Supp. 2d 1142, 1150–51(C.D. Cal. 2005); Kelsoe v. Fed. CropIns. Corp., 724 F. Supp. 448, 454 (E.D.Tex. 1988); United States v. Board ofEduc. of City of Union City, 697 F.Supp. 167, 177 (D.N.J. 1988); UnitedStates v. Cripps, 460 F. Supp. 969,975 (E.D. Mich. 1978).


��

59/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3729(a); see 28 C.F.R.§ 85.3 (although the FCA provides forpenalties in the range of $5,000 to$10,000, the Department of Justice hasadjusted the penalties to $5,500 and$11,000 pursuant to other statutoryauthority).

60/ United States v. Bornstein, 423 U.S.303, 312–13 (1976); United States exrel. V.I. Hous. Auth. v. Coastal Gen.Constr. Servs. Corp., 299 F. Supp. 2d483 (D.V.I. 2004).

61/ Bornstein, 423 U.S. at 312–13.

62/ Coastal Gen. Constr. Servs. Corp., 299F. Supp. 2d 483.

63/ See County of Solano v. Lionsgate Corp.,126 Cal. App. 4th 741, 749 (1st Dist.2005).

64/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(b).

65/ County of Solano,126 Cal. App. 4th 741(1st Dist. 2005).

66/ Id. at 749 n.5.

67/ See, e.g., M/G Transport Servs., Inc.v. Water Quality Ins. Syndicate, 234F.3d 974, 978–79 (6th Cir. 2000) (Ohiolaw); Hercules, Inc. v. AIG Aviation,Inc., 776 A.2d 550 (Del. Super. Ct.),aff’d, 760 A.2d 162 (Del. 2000); Jenkinsv. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co., 8Fed. Appx. 573 (8th Cir. 2001); HorizonWest, Inc. v. St. Paul Fire & MarineIns. Co., 214 F. Supp. 2d 1074, 1078–79 (E.D. Cal.), aff’d, 45 Fed. Appx. 752(9th Cir. 2002); United Community &Hous. Dev. Corp. v. Ace Property &Cas. Ins. Co., No. B166360 (Cal. App.2d Dist. Nov. 19, 2004); Info. Sys. &Network Corp. v. Fed. Ins. Co., 145Md. App. 457, 805 A.2d 1141, cert.denied, 372 Md. 430, 813 A.2d 258(2002); Travelers Indem. Co. of Conn.v. Walker & Zanger, Inc., 221 F. Supp.2d 1224 (S.D. Cal. 2002); New MemorialAssocs. v. Credit Gen. Ins. Corp., 973F. Supp. 1027 (D.N.M. 1997) (New Mexicolaw); International Ass’n of Chiefs ofPolice, Inc. v. St. Paul Fire & MarineIns. Co., 686 F. Supp 115 (D. Md.1988).

68/ M/G Transport Servs., Inc., 234 F.3dat 978–79; see also New Memorial Assocs.,973 F. Supp. 1027; International Ass’nof Chiefs of Police, 686 F. Supp. 115.

69/ Hercules, Inc., 776 A.2d 550; Jenkins,248 F.3d 1164; Horizon West, 214 F.Supp. 2d at 1078–79; Travelers Indem.Co., 221 F. Supp. 2d 1224.

70/ Watts Indus., Inc. v. Zurich Am. Ins.Co., 121 Cal. App. 4th 1029 (2d Dist.2004).

71/ Id.

72/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(b).

73/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(b)(4).

74/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(d)(1), (2).

75/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(d)(3).

76/ See, e.g., United States ex rel. Told v.Comtrol, Inc., No. 2:02CV593DAK, 2005WL 2177225 (D.Utah Sept. 6, 2005).

77/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(h).

78/ Vessell v. DPS Assocs. of Charleston,Inc., 148 F.3d 407, 412 (4th Cir. 1998);see United States ex rel. Watson v.Connecticut Gen. Life Ins. Co., 87 Fed.Appx. 257 (3d Cir. 2004); Hardin v.DuPont Scandinavia (ARAJET), 731 F.Supp. 1202, 1205 (S.D.N.Y. 1990); seealso DaBronzo v. Roche Vitamins, Inc.,232 F. Supp. 2d 306 (D.N.J. 2002)(same issue under state whistleblowerlaw).

79/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(e)(3).

80/ 31 U.S.C.A. § 3730(b)(5).

81/ United States ex rel. S. Prawer & Co. v.Fleet Bank, 24 F.3d 320, 328 (1st Cir.1994); United States ex rel. LaCorte v.SmithKline Beecham Clinical Labs., 149F.3d 227, 232 (3d Cir. 1998).

82/ United States ex rel. Told v. Comtrol,Inc., No. 2:02CV593DAK, 2005 WL2177225, at *2–4. (D.Utah Sept. 6, 2005).

83/ United States ex rel. Green v. NorthropCorp., 59 F.3d 953, 963–65 (9th Cir.1995), cert. denied, 518 U.S. 1018(1996); United States ex rel. Hall v.Teledyne Wah Chang Albany, 104 F.3d230, 233 (9th Cir. 1997).

84/ Green, 59 F.3d at 963–65.

85/ Hall, 104 F.3d at 233; United States exrel. DeCarlo v. Kiewit/AFC Enters., Inc.,937 F. Supp. 1039, 1047 (S.D.N.Y.1996)..

86/ DeCarlo, 937 F. Supp. at 1047.

87/ United States v. Cabrera-Diaz, 106 F.Supp. 2d 234, 242 (D.P.R. 2000).

88/ Mortgages, Inc. v. U.S. Dist. Court,934 F.2d 209, 213 (9th Cir. 1991); UnitedStates v. Nardone, 782 F. Supp. 996,999 (M.D. Pa. 1990); United States v.Kennedy, 431 F. Supp. 877 (C.D. Cal.1977).

89/ See, e.g., United States ex rel. PublicIntegrity v. Therapeutic Tech. Inc., 895F. Supp. 294, 295 (S.D. Ala. 1995).

90/ Burch ex rel. United States v. PiquaEng’g, Inc., 145 F.R.D. 452 (S.D. Ohio1992); United States ex rel. Madden v.General Dynamics Corp., 4 F.3d 827(9th Cir. 1993); United States ex rel.Mossey v. Pal-Tech, Inc., 231 F. Supp.2d 94 (D.D.C. 2002).

91/ United States ex rel. Mikes v. Strauss,931 F. Supp. 248 (S.D.N.Y. 1996); UnitedStates ex rel. Newsham v. LockheedMissiles & Space Co., Inc., 779 F.Supp. 1252 (N.D. Cal. 1991); UnitedStates ex rel. Rodriguez v. WeeklyPubl’ns, Inc., 74 F. Supp. 763 (S.D.N.Y.1947); see also Boundy v. Dolenz, No.Civ. A.3:96-CV-03010G, 2002 WL31415998 (N.D. Tex. Oct. 21, 2002).

92/ See FAR subpt. 9.4.

this material from briefing apers riefing briefing papers …€¦ · july briefing papers 2006 127...

Documents