this is your presentation title -...
TRANSCRIPT
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Fully redundant networks EU MUM 2016
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Hello! I am Mihai Săftoiu
MTCNA, MTCTCE, MTCWE, MTCUME, MTCRE, MTCINE MikroTik Trainer
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Consulting & Training
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A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away....
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X-Wing Fighter
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How can we make it work?
? ?
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“
What is network redundancy?
Is redundant network redundancy redundant?
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1. Network redundancy Equipment redundancy Path redundancy
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Equipment redundancy
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Path redundancy
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Path redundancy
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Upstream path redundancy
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SLAs are based on calculations
Network uptime SLA: This is not TIER based, as in case of data centers, but mathematically calculated.
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Calculation based on 1%
For every single point of failure in the network we take 1%
(thumb rule) of monthly downtime into account
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2. Non redundant networks No equipment redundancy No path redundancy
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EXAMPLE
◎ 1% means: 30,5 days x 24h / 100 = 7,32h ◎ 1% of downtime for device A ◎ 1% of downtime for device B ◎ 1% of downtime for the link
Max network downtime = 3%
(SLA = 97% guaranteed uptime)
1% 1% 1%
A B
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3. Multiple upstream networks No equipment redundancy Partial upstream path redundancy
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WHAT IF WE DO IT LIKE THIS?
◎ BLUE RED
◎ BLUE max downtime = 2% ◎ RED max downtime = 2%
1%
1% 1%
1%
1%
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CALCULATION
◎ The chance BLUE and RED will both be
down is: 2% x 2% = 0,04% ◎ The worst case that RB and both ISPs will
be down is: 1% + 0,04% = 1,04% ◎ SLA for the current network: 98,96%
2% 1% 2%
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4. Partial mesh networks Equipment redundancy Multiple upstream path redundancy
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WITH UP TO 3 POINTS OF FAILURE THIS NETWORK CAN FAIL IN 6 WAYS
1%
1% 1%
1%
1% 1%
1% 1%
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FAIL NO. 1
1% 1% X
◎ The chance for this to happen: 1% x 1% = 0,01%
X
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◎ The chance for this to happen: 1% x 1% = 0,01%
FAIL NO. 2
1% 1% X X
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◎ The chance for this to happen: 1% x 1% x 1% = 0,0001%
FAIL NO. 3
1%
1%
X
1% X X
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◎ The chance for this to happen: 1% x 1% x 1% = 0,0001%
FAIL NO. 4
1%
1% 1% X X
X
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◎ The chance for this to happen: 1% x 1% x 1% = 0,0001%
FAIL NO. 5
1%
1% 1% X X X
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◎ The chance for this to happen: 1% x 1% x 1% = 0,0001%
FAIL NO. 6
1%
1%
X 1% X X
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4 x 0,0001% + 2 x 0,01% = 0,0204%
SLA: 99,9796% (99,9%)
TOTAL FAILURE RATE
1%
1% 1%
1%
1% 1%
1% 1%
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5. Mesh networks Equipment redundancy Multiple path redundancy and usptream path redundancy
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99,9% MESH NETWORK
1%
1% 1%
1%
1% 1%
1% 1%
1%
1%
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6. Fully redundant networks Equipment redundancy Double path redundancy with double upstream path redundancy
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99,98% FULLY REDUNDANT NETWORK
1%
0,01%
1%
1% 1%
0,01%
0,01%
0,01% 0,01%
0,01%
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7. Let’s do it on MikroTik There are different ways to do it We will use multiple protocols and layers to prove the concept
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Use bonding active-backup
1%
0,01%
1%
1% 1%
0,01%
0,01%
0,01% 0,01%
0,01%
e1
e1
e1
e1
e2
e2 e2
e2
e3
e3 e3
e4 e4
e3
e6
e4 e4
e6 e5
e5 e5
e5 e6
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Create the bonding interfaces
Repeat this process
for every bonding link on every router
until you get all 3 bonding interfaces
on each router
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Resulting network
1%
0,01%
1%
1% 1%
0,01%
0,01%
0,01% 0,01%
0,01%
b1
b1
b2
b2
b3 b3
b3 b3
b1
b1 b2
b2
R1 R2
R3 R4
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Loopback setup
On every router add a loopback device (a bridge with no ports attached)
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Adding loopback IPs
On every router add a loopback IP (/32 netmask)
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Interconnections
b1
b2
b3
b3
b1 b2
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
2
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
1 3
4
5
6
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
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Adding the interconnect networks Link number
Router number R1
R3
R2
R4
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OSPF setup
Set the OSPF router ID to the loopback address
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OSPF setup
Add all connected networks to OSPF
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Adding the interconnect networks
R1
R3
R2
R4
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R4 - Routing table result
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Providers and customers
R1 R2
R3 R4
ISP1 ISP2
Access .....
Core
Border
172.16.0.0/24
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OSPF specifics
The network is now fully redundant but it depends on OSPF for
path selection and convergence
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MPLS TE to the rescue
Deploy MPLS TE for faster and better
path control
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For demo purposes we will turn this network…
R1 R2
R3 R4
ISP1 ISP2
Access .....
Core
Border
172.16.0.0/24
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Into this simplified network
R1 R2
R3 R4
ISP1
Access
Core
Border
172.16.0.2/24
172.16.0.1/24
DHCP
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The rest remains the same
b1
b2
b3
b3
b1 b2
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
2
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
1 3
4
5
6
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
http://mikrotik-academy.com/mum2016
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First things first (R1 default route)
Do the same for R2 on non-simplified
setups
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R3 & Customer setup
R3
Customer equipment towards R3
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Preliminary MPLS TE over OSPF
Do this for all 4 routers
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Setting up MPLS TE interfaces
Add each bonding interface to TE
on all 4 routers
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TE tunnels are unidirectional
We need to set up paths
in both directions
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Possible paths from R1 to R3
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
Path 1
TE Endpoints
![Page 57: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Possible paths from R1 to R3
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 2
![Page 58: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Possible paths from R1 to R3
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 3
![Page 59: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Possible paths from R1 to R3
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 4
![Page 60: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Possible paths from R1 to R3
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 5
![Page 61: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Set up TE unidirectional paths on R1
Add all possible paths
Add strict next-hops as well as the strict local
Pref-src towards the next next-hop
![Page 62: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Possible paths from R3 to R1
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
Path 1
TE Endpoints
![Page 63: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Possible paths from R3 to R1
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 2
![Page 64: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Possible paths from R3 to R1
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 3
![Page 65: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Possible paths from R3 to R1
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 4
![Page 66: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Possible paths from R3 to R1
R1 R2
R3 R4
192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
10.1.2.1/29
10.1.4.3/29 10.1.4.4/29
10.1.2.2/29
10.1.5.2/29 10.1.3.2/29 10.1.6.1/29
10.1.6.4/29 10.1.3.4/29 10.1.5.3/29 10.1.1.3/29
10.1.1.1/29
TE Endpoints
Path 5
![Page 67: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Set up TE unidirectional paths on R3
Repeat the exact setup as on R1
![Page 68: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Set up TE tunnel on R1
![Page 69: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Set up TE tunnel on R3
![Page 70: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
TE effects on R3
![Page 71: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
R1 routing (download traffic)
From R1 push the traffic for 172.16.0.0/24
through the TE tunnel
![Page 72: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
R3 routing (upload traffic)
From R3 push all traffic through the TE tunnel
![Page 73: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Final checks and test
◎ Check if DNS is working on all routers ◎ Check that MPLS TE opaque LSAs exist ◎ Check if you need NAT on the border
◎ Test if it’s working from customer
◎ Verify that tunnels are pushing traffic
correctly (only TX) and that reservations are met on the bonding interfaces that have the active paths attached
![Page 74: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Customer test
![Page 75: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
R1 & R3 tunnels
![Page 76: This is your presentation title - MikroTikmum.mikrotik.com/presentations/EU16/presentation_3096_1457014002.pdf · faster and better path control . For demo purposes we will turn this](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022042304/5ed02637137588523c69a31d/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Thank you! Any questions?