This courseware is copyrighted © 2011 gtslearning. No part of this courseware or any training material supplied by gtslearning International Limited to accompany the courseware may be copied, photocopied, reproduced, or re-used in any form or by any means without permission in writing from a director of gtslearning

International Limited. Violation of these laws will lead to prosecution. All trademarks, service marks, products, or services are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders and are acknowledged by the publisher.

All gtslearning products are supplied on the basis of a single copy of a course per student. Additional resources that may be made available from gtslearning may only be used in conjunction with courses sold by gtslearning. No material changes to these resources are permitted without express written permission by a director

of gtslearning. These resources may not be used in conjunction with content from any other supplier. If you suspect that this course has been copied or distributed illegally, please telephone or email gtslearning.

CompTIA Server+ Certification

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios

Objectives• Diagnose problems relating

to hardware components and the boot process

• Troubleshoot disk storage and RAID

• Troubleshoot network problems and use diagnostic utilities, such as ping and nslookup

• Identify and resolve common NOS problems

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 2

Troubleshooting Power

• Mains power failure requires UPS then backup generator

• For PSU, check fuses then test unit with multimeter or PSU tester

• Alternatively swap out PSU

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 3

Troubleshooting POST

• POST not running

– What has changed?

– Check cabling and connectors

– Strip out adapters / modules

– Use diagnostics

– Check jumpers have not been incorrectly set

– CMOS battery

• POST error codes

• OS loader failures5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 4

Using Diagnostics

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 5

Causes of Component Failure

• Overheating

• ECC / Parity Memory Errors

• Troubleshooting Incompatible Components

– Processor Appears Not To Work

– New Memory Not Recognized

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 6

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios

Troubleshooting Storage• Symptoms

– Bad sectors

– Data corruption

– Cannot mount drive / access logical drive

– Constant LED activity

– Noise

• Issues

– Hard Disk Not Accessible

– Configuration

– File System Structure

• Disk UtilitiesSlide 7

Troubleshooting RAID

• Detecting failed drive / array degraded

• Replace missing disk as quickly as possible

• Rebuilding can reduce performance though

• Cache / cache battery failures

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 8

Troubleshooting Disk Performance

• It’s not always the disk itself...

– Network not disks?

– Background processes?

– RAID cache tuning?

– Low disk space?

– Protocol / software problem?

– Drive / controller firmware?

– Paging?

– Malware / faulty process?

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 9

Troubleshooting Network Problems

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 10

Troubleshooting Cabling

• What has changed?

• Is it really a hardware problem?

• Diagnostic LEDs – check configuration

• Driver update

• Check switch configuration (port / VLAN settings)

• Substitute patch cable

• Test permanent link5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 11

Troubleshooting IP Configuration

• Verify configuration (ipconfig / ifconfig)

• Check DHCP

• Test connectivity with ping

– Loopback

– Workstation address

– Default gateway (or other local host)

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 12

Troubleshooting Routing Issues

• Check router

• Investigate local routing table

• Use tracert to test path between hosts

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 13

Troubleshooting Name Resolution

• Different OS’s / networks perform name resolution in different ways

• HOSTS file

• Check DNS server is available

• Check DNS server configuration with nslookup

• Troubleshoot NetBIOS / WINS with nbtstat

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 14

Troubleshooting Services

• Protocol / application specific issues

• Check logs

• Use Protocol Analyzer

• Verify open ports with netstat

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 15

Other Network Issues

• Troubleshooting Firewall Issues

• Troubleshooting Service Provider Issues

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 16

Troubleshooting Software Problems (1)

• Drivers

• Services

• Blue Screens

• Runaway Processes and Memory Leaks

• Slow OS Performance

• Shut Down5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 17

Troubleshooting Software Problems (2)

• Print Problems

• System Log

• Patch Update Failure

• Permissions

• Encryption

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 18

Review• Diagnose problems relating

to hardware components and the boot process

• Troubleshoot disk storage and RAID

• Troubleshoot network problems and use diagnostic utilities, such as ping and nslookup

• Identify and resolve common NOS problems

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 19

Labs

• Lab 14 Troubleshooting

5.2 Troubleshooting Scenarios Slide 20