think bitcoin workshop slideshare
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DRIVING EDUCATION AND PROFESSIONAL USE OF DIGITAL CURRENCY IN AUSTRALIA
www.thinkbitcoin.com.au
Produced by: Martin Davidson Email: [email protected]
What are Digital Currencies?
1) Digital currencies, also known as crypto currencies, are math based computer generated money.. But what is MONEY?
Medium of exchange
Store of value
Unit of account
2) They are also their own payment networks
History of Bitcoin
https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
2008: Bitcoin white paper is released
2009: Software becomes available
2010: First currency exchanges appear
2011: 1 Bitcoin = $1 USD
2012: Multi-signature
2013: Cyprus bank bail ins, 1BTC=$1k
2014: Mt Gox. Mainstream awareness
2015: Stock market listings..
Some Basic Terms
bitcoin: Without capitalization, is used to describe bitcoins as a unit of account
Bitcoin: With capitalization, is used when describing the concept of Bitcoin, or the entire network itself
Address: A location that bitcoins have been sent to and reside at. Alternatively, can be thought of as an account of sorts that has a balance of bitcoins
Blockchain: The complete transaction ledger of the Bitcoin network, showing how bitcoins have been transferred from one address to another over time. The blockchain is a public record of all bitcoin transactions in chronological order
Transaction: The movement of bitcoins from one address to another address. In traditional terms, this can be thought of as a payment or money movement
Digital Money
Bitcoin is the most well known example of a new breed of digital currencies. Global digital currency Supply is capped at 21 million Can be divided to 8 decimal places Cannot be counterfeited Currently valued at around $350 AUD Network valued at $3.5bn
The Payment Network
Decentralized, peer to peer network Transactions are fast and cheap
Transactions are irreversible
Transactions are verified in minutes
Open to anyone with an internet connection
Can be used to transmit anything of value. (2.0 projects)
What is Peer to Peer?
No centralised database or single point of failure
Bitcoin Price
$100 worth of bitcoin in 2010 would be valued at $500k today
Bitcoin Transactions
2011: 2,000 per day 2012: 7,000 per day
2013: 30,000 per day
2014: 70,000 per day
2015: 110,00 per day
Bitcoin Mining
25 bitcoins mined into new blocks every 10 minutes144 blocks mined per day = $1,080,000 AUD ($300 per BTC)
What is Mining?
Mining serves 2 purposes: Mining creates new bitcoins in each block. The amount
of bitcoin created is fixed and diminishes with time. Mining creates trust by ensuring that transactions are
only confirmed if enough power was devoted to the block that contains them.
Mining contd.
The creation of new blocks must take an average of 10 minutes
The regulation is done by periodically adjusting the hash target value for blocks.
Every 2,016 blocks (which spans 2 weeks if each block takes 10 minutes), the nodes calculate a new difficulty based on the time it took to mine the last 2,016 blocks.
Mining is a 3 step process
Step 1: Miners create a file that contains (a) the hash of the last block in the existing blockchain, (b) a block of the new proposed transactions broadcast in the Bitcoin network and (c) a random number that the miner guesses (a “nonce”). The combination of (a) + (b) + (c) is the data used as the input for Step 2
Step 2: Miners apply a cryptographic function to the data. The details of the function (SHA- 256 in the case of Bitcoin). What is important to understand is that the function does some calculations on the file/data from Step 1 and produces a random number known as a “hash”
Step 3: The hash is reviewed against a desired pattern (in the case of Bitcoin, how many leading zeros it has, an outcome that is effectively random). If the hash matches the pattern, the miner has a correct block and will win an economic prize. If the hash does not match the pattern, the miner returns to step 1, guessing a new nonce and repeating the exercise
Cryptographic Currency mining
Mining pools
Bitcoin mining is a rapidly expanding and highly specialised, capital intensive industry. Mining pools use different
distribution schemes, they share in the bitcoin rewards.
Mining farms are located where energy costs are lowest
Bitcoin issuance over time
May 2015: 14 million bitcoins have been mined
2032: 99% of all bitcoins will be mined
2140: 100% of all 21 million bitcoins will be mined
Public Transaction Data
Every transaction is publicly visible on the blockchain forever
How to use Bitcoin
What’s a Bitcoin Wallet?
The Public Key is used to produce a Bitcoin address (like an account no.)
1AA6oACAt6iD7asKpCKoLnZQLoZCRj8CSV
The Private Key is used to digitally sign the transaction like (like a pin no.)
5JxA624fMUnePFkgGYCUxWcDfzaomDM3QeXj9FxViJSsEz2X9Wh
Different types of wallets
Bitcoin units of account
1BTC = bitcoin ($300AUD) 0.001 = mBTC –millibitcoin (30cents) 0.000001 = uBTC – microbitcoin/ bits (.03 cents) 0.00000001 = Satoshi – smallest unit of a bitcoin (.0003 cents) 21 million BTC / 7 billion people = 0.003 BTC / 3mBTC per person (90c)
The default fee for most bitcoin wallet apps is 0.0001 BTC – 3 cents. This fee is paid to the miners verifying transactions on the network.You can choose to send a higher or a lower fee with some bitcoin wallet apps. eg- Bitcoin QT/ Blockchain.info
NB: The market price of bitcoin will affect the transaction fees.
How to get, buy and sell bitcoins
• Online exchanges
• Bitcoin ATM’s/ vending machines
• OTC (over the counter)
• Peer to peer/ in person (Local Bitcoins)
• Offer a product or service via your website/ shop
• Mine bitcoins / mining contracts
Opportunities for Digital Currencies
Remittances
$540 billion market – 10% potential savings..
Digital Money for A Digital World
More people on the internet now, than the global population in 1960!
Question- How will people transact in the future?
Global Mobile Banking
Developing nations’ mobile and Internet infrastructure is growing rapidly.
• M-Pesa now accounts for 31% of GDP in Kenya• 70% of African population have mobile phones
Store of value for unstable currencies?
March 2015:
“Inflation of as much as 40 percent is the biggest economic challenge Argentina faces”, says presidential hopeful Sergio Massa.
Micro-payments
Decentralized Centralised
Crowd Funding
Innovative decentralized solutions allow programmable money using smart contracts
Centralised options using Bitcoin
Charities and non profits
Bitcoin transactions offer the option of full transparency
Freedom of speech/ information
Like the internet, Bitcoin is a protocol which cannot be shut down. • Transactions cannot be censored
Bitcoin has no borders
Over 100,000 businesses now accept bitcoin transactions
International trade
"Bitcoin helps us reduce the inherent costs involved in international trade. Tomcar Australia already uses Bitcoin to pay a growing number of overseas suppliers. Our manufacturing partner, MTM is also actively exploring using Bitcoin to do this as well. If we use Bitcoin ourselves, it makes sense to accept it from customers too,” Mr. Brim, Tomcar owner says.
In Store Payments
Up to 1% bitcoin to dollar transaction fee or $0 to hold digital currency
In Store Payments
Coinjar EFTPOS debit card linked to your Bitcoin trading account
Online payments/ E-commerce
Payment cost savings with zero currency volatility risk
Marketing with apps
Advertise your business using Bitcoin web and mobile app services
Future applications
Produced by: Martin Davidson Email: [email protected]