the$mongols$and$...
TRANSCRIPT
The Mongols and the Ming Dynasty
Ch. 12, Sec. 2
Mongols
• from Central Asia
• Organized into clans/family villages
• Constant fighAng between clans and other nomads made them expert fighters
• Finally unified by
Genghis Khan • Son of a • Unified the Mongol clans by
• Gained and maintained power through – Killed older brother and best friend – Massacred enAre ciAes if they fought him
• Highly – Random DNA tesAng indicates that 1 of every people in the world are related to Genghis Khan
Mongol Conquests
• Began by conquering the other nomadic tribes of Central Asia
• Conquered quickly using
• Eventually moved across Central Asia and conquered
• Learned from Chinese & Persians about aUacking ciAes using , , and catapults
Mongol Conquests
• Finally turned back to China when they refused to pay him tribute – Genghis conquered before dying – Northeast China and Song Dynasty in south conquered by
• Creates largest empire in human history
• v
Mongol Empire
• Compassion showed to conquered people as long as they agreed to follow Mongol rule
• Created a Pax Mongolica ( ) – flourished – Cultures, ideas, & invenAons exchanged over trade routes (including to Europe)
– No violence or rebellion – PoliAcal stability
• Grandson becomes the new emperor of China
Yuan Dynasty
• Name given to the rule of China • Built the capital city of • Built and repaired canals • Encouraged trade and travel to Europe and Africa, including – Traveled with dad and uncle from Venice, Italy – Spent 17 years traveling around China working for Kublai Khan
– PublicaAon of his travels sparked European interest in trade & traveling to Asia and elsewhere
Ming Dynasty
• Chinese hated being ruled by Mongols despite the benefits
• A]er Kublai Khan’s death led a revolt that kicked out the Mongols
• Tried eliminaAng everything Mongol – Brought back – Moved capital out of Beijing but moved it back later
Ming Accomplishments
• Created • Created stories and wrote novels
• New machines made ciAes grow as manufacturing centers and increased trade
• Emperor Zheng He built a new – 62 massive ships (biggest in world), 200 smaller ones – Traded, explored, and began colonizing all the way to east Africa, but ended when
Zheng He’s ships vs. Columbus’ ships