theme reflected from love metaphor found in …the song of arctic monkeys’ album entitled suck it...

THEME REFLECTED FROM LOVE METAPHOR FOUND IN

ARCTIC MONKEYS’ ALBUM SUCK IT AND SEE

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra

in English Letters

By

URSULA QUERA NANDADEVI BONE

Student Number: 134214150

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS

FACULTY OF LETTERS

UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA

YOGYAKARTA

2019

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

ii

THEME REFLECTED FROM LOVE METAPHOR FOUND IN

ARCTIC MONKEYS’ ALBUM SUCK IT AND SEE

AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS

Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra

in English Letters

By

URSULA QUERA NANDADEVI BONE

Student Number: 134214150

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS

FACULTY OF LETTERS

UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA

YOGYAKARTA

2019


vii

MOTTO PAGE

Chin up, Queen, or the crown slips!

(self-talk)


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Foremost, I would like to thank my thesis advisor, Arina Isti’anah S, Pd.,

M. Hum., who always gives an endless support through her kind and

positive words so that I could reach this level. I would also like to thank Dr.

Francis Borgias Alip, M.Pd., M.A. as my thesis co-advisor for the

constructive advices.

I would like to thank Unggul Luberizky, Luthfy Heriancy Agung

Kurniawati, Edward M. Sirait, Rocky Hatibie, Rein Nayoan, Stevanus

Christmas Prijono, and the rest of Canisius College ‘87 for supporting my

scholarship.

I am grateful to my family: Sephora Leilani Laya Bock (mother),

Dominique Volta Bone (father), Maria Stares Axl Bone (sister), Anastasia

Valya Miroku Bone (sister), Syair Jiwa Mahasura (son). They make me

believe that hard times too shall pass. I am also grateful to my best friends

for bearing with me until the very end and help me to reach that light at the

end of the tunnel. With a special mention to Cemara Disa, Desty Woro, Desi

Febriana, Luisa Wikan, Monica Donna, Nino Putranto, Rahel Warsito, Satya

Windriya, Cynthia Santa, Ignacia Lucy.

The last but not least, a very special gratitude goes out to all down at

Eman Aditya, Nian Baptista, Mutya Annisa, Tarista Sutanti, and Sr.

Fransiska.

Ursula Quera Nandadevi Bone


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ...............................................................................................................ii

APPROVAL PAGE ................................................................................................... iii

ACCEPTANCE PAGE ............................................................................................... iv

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH .... v

STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY .......................................................................... vi

MOTTO PAGE ..........................................................................................................vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................ ix

LIST OF ABBREVIATONS .....................................................................................xii

LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................... xiii

ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... xiv

ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. xv

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 1

A. Background of the Study ........................................................................................... 1

B. Problem Formulation ................................................................................................. 4

C. Objective of the Study ............................................................................................... 4

D. Definition of Terms ................................................................................................... 5

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ........................................................... 7

A. Review of Related Studies ........................................................................................ 7

B. Review of Related Theories .................................................................................... 10

1. Semantics .............................................................................................................. 10

2. Metaphor............................................................................................................... 12

3. Conceptual Metaphor ........................................................................................... 14


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4. Love Metaphor ..................................................................................................... 14

5. Theme ................................................................................................................... 27

C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................................... 28

CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ......................................................................... 29

A. Object of the Study .................................................................................................. 29

B. Approach of the Study ............................................................................................. 30

C. Method of the Study ................................................................................................ 31

1. Data Collection ..................................................................................................... 31

2. Data Analysis........................................................................................................ 31

CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS .............................. 33

A. Types of Love Metaphor Used in Arctic Monkeys’ Album Suck It And See ......... 33

1. Love is Insanity ................................................................................................... 33

2. Love is Natural Force .......................................................................................... 35

3. Love is Fire .......................................................................................................... 36

4. Love is Journey ................................................................................................... 37

5. Love is Physical Force ........................................................................................ 40

6. Love is Magic ...................................................................................................... 42

7. Love is War ......................................................................................................... 43

8. Love is War ......................................................................................................... 45

9. Love is Unity of Parts .......................................................................................... 45

10. Love is an Appetizing Food .............................................................................. 46

11. Love is Fluid in a Container .............................................................................. 47

B. Semantic Features of Love Metaphor...................................................................... 48

1. Semantic Features in Suck It And See Album ...................................................... 48

2. The Theme of the Album ..................................................................................... 69


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CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ................................................................................. 75

REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 77

APPENDICES ............................................................................................................ 79


xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

OADT : Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary

p. : page

para. : paragraph


xiii

LIST OF TABLES

No. Table Page

1. Analysis of Metaphor “I’ve been feeling foolish” 49

2. Analysis of Metaphor “She’s been looping the looping…” 49

3. Analysis of Metaphor “She’s thunderstorms” 50

4. Analysis of Metaphor “Cheating heartbeat, rapid fire” 51

5. Analysis of Metaphor “Now I’m out of place…” 52

6. Analysis of Metaphor “One of those games you’re gonna…” 53

7. Analysis of Metaphor “And you’re acting like a stranger…” 54

8. Analysis of Metaphor “It dose a dozen sommersault…” 55

9. Analysis of Metaphor “Topless models doing semaphore…” 56

10. Analysis of Metaphor “Their hypnosis goes unnoticed…” 57

11. Analysis of Metaphor “I heard the piledriver waltz…” 58

12. Analysis of Metaphor “I heard the news that you’re planning…” 59

13. Analysis of Metaphor “And do you think love is a laserquest?” 60

14. Analysis of Metaphor “Do you still feel younger…” 61

15. Analysis of Metaphor “When I’m pipe, and slippers, and…” 62

16. Analysis of Metaphor “Now I can’t think of air without…” 63

17. Analysis of Metaphor “That’s not a skirt girl, that’s a sawn of…” 64

18. Analysis of Metaphor “You’re rare than a can of dandelion…” 65

19. Analysis of Metaphor “All the old flames fastened on…” 66

20. Analysis of Metaphor “Don’t take it personally…” 68

21. Analysis of Metaphor “I poured my aching heart…” 68


xiv

ABSTRACT

BONE, URSULA QUERA NANDADEVI (2019). Theme Reflected from Arctic

Monkeys’ Album Suck It And See. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters,

Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma

One of the main functions of language is to deliver message or

information. In conveying the message or information, language has several

features and one of them is figurative language. A common type of figurative

language is metaphor. A metaphor is a comparison which identifies one dissimilar

thing with another. Love metaphor is one example of metaphor type. This

research uses love metaphor to identify several metaphorical expression used in

the song of Arctic Monkeys’ album entitled Suck It And See and to determine the

theme of the album.

This research contains two objectives. The first is defining the types of

love metaphor and analyze their meanings. The second is determining the theme

of the album by analyzing the most frequent love metaphor appeared in the album.

In order to convey the meaning of each love metaphor, semantic approach

is applied in this study. There are 36 love metaphors classified into 11 types of

love metaphor: love is insanity, love is journey, love is fire, love is game, love is

natural force, love is physical force, love is magic, love is war, love is unity of

parts, love is an appetizing food, love is fluid in a container.

Suck It And See album mainly contains metaphors of love which refer to

insanity with total 18 times appearances and shared concepts [- sane], [- control],

[+ enthusiasm]. Love insanity itself illustrate the big picture of the album itself

and its relation with other types of love metaphors in the shared concepts. From

the most frequent love metaphor the specific theme of Suck It And See can be

determined which is “The helplessness of being in love”.

Keywords: love metaphor, arctic monkeys, suck it and see


xv

ABSTRAK

BONE, URSULA QUERA NANDADEVI (2019). Theme Reflected from Arctic

Monkeys’ Album Suck It And See. Yogyakarta: Prodi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas

Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma.

Fungsi utama bahasa adalah untuk menyampaikan pesan atau informasi.

Dalam menyampaikan maksud dalam pesan atau informasi bahasa memiliki

beberapa fitur dan salah satunya adalah bahasa figuratif. Jenis bahasa figuratif

yang paling umum adalah metafora. Metafora adalah perbandingan yang

membandingkan dua hal berbeda. Metafora cinta adalah salah satu contoh dari

tipe metafora yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan metafora cinta untuk

mengidentidikasi beberapa metafora yang digunakan di lagu-lagu Arctic Monkeys

dalam album berjudul Suck It And See dan menentukan tema dari album tersebut.

Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan. Tujuan pertama adalah menganalisis

metafora-metafora di dalam album tersebut dan mengklasifikasikannya ke dalam

tipe-tipe metafora cinta. Yang kedua, menentukan tema album dengan

menganalisis metafora yang paling banyak muncul.

Untuk mendapatkan arti dari masing-masing metafora, pendekatan

semantik diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Sejumlah 36 metafora cinta

dikategorikan ke dalam 11 jenis metafora cinta yaitu: cinta adalah kegilaan, cinta

adalah perjalanan, cinta adalah api, cinta adalah permainan, cinta adalah kekuatan

alami, cinta adalah kekuatan fisik, cinta adalah keajaiban, cinta adalah perang,

cinta adalah satu kesatuan, cinta adalah makanan lezat, cinta adalah cairan dalam

bejana.

Album Suck It And See ini sebagian besar membahas mengenai cinta

adalah kegilaan dengan total 18x kemunculan di dalam album dan memiliki

kesamaan konsep yaitu [- waras], [- kendali], [+ antusiasme]. Metafora cinta

adalah kegilaan menunjukkan tema besar dari album ini dan konektivitasnya

dengan tipe metafora cinta lainnya dalam kesamaan konsep yang dimilikinya.

Dari metafora cinta yang paling banyak muncul tersebut tema dari Suck It And See

dapat ditentukan secara spesifik yaitu “Ketidakberdayaan atas perasaan jatuh

cinta”.

Kata kunci: love metaphor, arctic monkeys, suck it and see


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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the Study

Language with its complexity is made of sentences and meanings that

have limitless range and sustain by interest in communication of people who

use it (Chomsky, 1986, p. 19). Therefore, language is used as a tool of

communication to convey information, speak one’s mind, and entertain

people with various meanings. For example, in making songs people use

language through the lyrics because there is a strong relationship between

linguistic and music in songs (Jancke, 2012, p. 62) to convey the writer’s

mind and feeling in an entertaining way. However, the meaning that is

processed can be different from one person to another.

The study of meaning communicated through language is semantics

(Finch, 2000, p. 139). In order to really understand a language we use in

communication people need to see what is the message behind it. Semantics

shows how meaning works in language to make humans understand the

message or information which is carried in everyday’s communication

through the language. In semantic field of reference there is metaphor that can

carry meaning.

According to Goatly (1997, p. 42) metaphor is defined as a reference to

an object, process or concept in an unconventional manner. Metaphor which

is unconventional is relatively indirect use of language or known as figurative


2

language, different from literal language which is a form of conventional

metaphor. On that account, both figurative and literal language are forms of

metaphor. Thus, there is no escape from the fact that metaphor is everywhere

in the language that people use everyday because realizing it or not we

employ metaphors all the time in our communication (Goatly, 1997, p.2.).

There are two main positions of role in metaphor, including classical and

romantic view (Finch, 2000, p.162.). The first one is classical that requires

special form of interpretation and is considered as something outside the

language. Meanwhile, in the romantic view metaphor is not considered as an

anomaly that needs special methods of interpretation, but as a part of the

language itself (no real distinction between figurative and literal language

since all language is essentially metaphorical) (2000, p.162). It is a more

contemporary approach in seeing metaphor as something so close to us,

within our everyday life, which can be found in the work of George and

Lakoff (2003, p. 61) about conceptual metaphor that have three basic kinds of

metaphors: structural, orientational, ontological. In this study, the focus is on

the conceptual metaphor of George and Lakoff which will be applied to the

analysis of the conceptual metaphor of love, such as love is war, love is game,

and love is journey.

This study dissects conceptual metaphor of love in several song lyrics

based on their meaning and classifies it into separate groups based on its

frequency of reappearance to see the significance of conceptual love


3

metaphor usage. The songs chosen are from an album called Suck it and See

by Arctic Monkeys.

Arctic Monkeys is an English rock band from Sheffield formed in 2002.

The band consists of Alex Turner as the lead vocal and guitar, Matt Helders

in drums and vocals, Jamie Cook in guitar and Nick O’Malley in bass and

backing vocals. In gaining public attention Arctic Monkeys were the first one

to come via internet. They were considered as the trendsetter in the way

emerging bands promote themselves and reach the market via online.

The band has been nominated for three Grammy Awards. In 2006 they

won the Mercury Prize for their debut album Whatever People Say I Am,

That's What I'm Not. They also won Seven Brit Awards, both Best British

Album, and Best British Group. The band was the headline at the

Glastonbury Festival 2007 and 2013.

From year 2006 until 2018 six studio albums have been released by them:

Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not (2006), Favourite Worst

Nightmare (2007), Humbug (2009), Suck It and See (2011), AM (2013),

and Tranquility Base Hotel & Casino (2018). Their most rewarding album so

far is Suck It and See. It has gained many positive feedbacks from the critics

and included in Mojo (England popular music magazine) as one of the best

album of 2011 ranked 39 out of 50 on the list of “Top 50 albums of 2011”.

The album consists of 12 tracks with 4 singles under the titles: Don't Sit

Down 'Cause I've Moved Your Chair, The Hellcat Spangled Shalalala, Suck It

and See, Black Treacle. The writer aims to analyze several tracks from the


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whatever_People_Say_I_Am,_That's_What_I'm_Not



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favourite_Worst_Nightmare

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favourite_Worst_Nightmare

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humbug_(album)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suck_It_and_See

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AM_(Arctic_Monkeys_album)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tranquility_Base_Hotel_&_Casino

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don't_Sit_Down_'Cause_I've_Moved_Your_Chair

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don't_Sit_Down_'Cause_I've_Moved_Your_Chair

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hellcat_Spangled_Shalalala

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suck_It_and_See_(song)


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Treacle

4

album included the 3 singles (The Hellcat Spangled Shalalala, Suck It and

See, Black Treacle). Several songs chosen are under the same theme of love

because the writer aims to analyze love metaphor found in the songs in order

to find out the significance of the love metaphor usage in the album itself.

B. Problem Formulation

In this research, there are two points which are going to be discussed in

the next chapter, they are:

1. What types of love metaphor are used in Arctic Monkeys’ album Suck it

and See?

2. What semantic features of love metaphor reflect the theme in Arctic

Monkeys’ Suck it and See album?

C. Objectives of the Study

Metaphors can be found in a literary text. In understanding the metaphor,

the writer needs to have a thorough understanding about the metaphor itself in

order to interpret the literal meaning carried. After understanding the concept

of metaphor then the analysis of metaphorical meaning can be conducted. The

theme of the song can be analyzed after analyzing each meaning of

metaphoric expressions found in the literary text. This study is conducted to

analyze the theme of an album by finding the love metaphor carried in the

metaphorical expressions found in the songs of the album. The aim is firstly


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hellcat_Spangled_Shalalala



https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Treacle

5

achieved by explicating several metaphorical expressions in the songs to find

the love metaphor. After finding the love metaphor, each one of those will be

interpreted and classified into kinds of love metaphor based on the

metaphorical concept of love such as love is war, love is nutrient, etc. Further

analysis will be revealing the contribution of love metaphor in each song to

the theme of the album.

C. Definition of Terms

The main issue which will be discussed and analyzed in this research is

metaphor. According to Finch metaphor is something that can carry meaning

over or transfer it to one another in semantic filed of reference (2000, p. 161.).

The goal of this research is to accomplish the objective of the study and in

order to accomplish it the writer needs to understand the literary text and the

metaphor in it contextually.

The objectives of the study in this research is song. According to Guerra

song is “a composition made up of lyrics and music, with the intent of the

lyrics being sung, for the purpose of producing a proportionate feeling or

emotion in relation to a particular matter.” (para. 1, 2015). The element of

song which is the lyrics is going to be discussed thoroughly in this study.

Lyric is defined as “short poem, not epic or narrative“ according to

Oxford Dictionary of Music (2012, p. 531). In expressing feelings or thoughts

lyrics contain literal and figurative language and have different meanings on


6

each side. The literal meaning carries a basic meaning of a word, phrase, or

sentence. On the other hand, figurative language carries metaphoric

expression which is not delivered literally and different from its primary

definition.

Love metaphor is an expression which contains metaphorical meaning.

This expression can be found in any word, phrase, or sentence which

specifically contains a concept of love. According to Kovecses love metaphor

is a metaphoric expression which is not just characterized an abstract concept

like the emotion of love itself, but also something as concrete as human’s

relationship (2004, p. 27).

Theme is defined as “the ‘glue’ that structures and binds the ideational

and interpersonal meanings” (Forey, 2002, p. 49). It construes the

interpretation of the clause or the text as a whole plays a crucial role in

focusing and organizing the message and to impart to the coherence and the

success of the message.


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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

There are some previous research of metaphor related to love metaphor in

the song and music. In order to avoid similar analysis previous research

should be reviewed. In this section other previous research found by the

writer will be reviewed one by one. There are are two journal articles and two

theses.

A. Review of Related Studies

A journal article entitled “Conceptual Metaphors: a Diachronic Study of

Love Metaphors in Mariah Carey’s Song Lyrics” (2015) written by Gavelin is

taken as the first related study based on the same topic which analyzes

conceptual metaphor in song lyrics. This study focuses on the description of

love metaphor in several song lyrics by singer Mariah Carey and the changing

perspective of love in the love metaphor she uses throughout her career. The

aim of the research is to examine which conceptual metaphors are applied in

the song lyrics written by Mariah Carey. In addition, the lyrics she made in

the beginning of her career is compared to her recent lyrics. However, the

analysis of the reasons behind the different metaphors used throughout her

career is not well explained and rather confusing because the conclusion ends

up with speculations (occasionally using word like ‘may’) and there are no

strong evidences or supporting data behind the reasons of Mariah’s changing

perspective of love that is reflected through different love metaphors she uses


8

in her lyrics. Gavelin herself also states that it is impossible to really know

what makes the differences without further studies.

The next related study is taken from a journal article by Johansson

entitled “Conceptual Metaphor in Lyrics by Leonard Cohen” (2016). The

study discusses conceptual metaphor in song lyrics in order to find out the

expressions that are conceptually presented in the lyrics. The research is done

by mapping the source and the target domains and then observing the lexical

expressions in the lyrics. This study analyzes a broader conceptual metaphor,

not just love, but also life and death. Nonetheless, the prime focus of the

study is only on the interpretation of the metaphors in three songs of Cohen

throughout his career that represent those three metaphors (love, life, and

death).

Lestari’s thesis entitled "Metaphors in the Song Lyrics of Green Day”

(2017) is the third related study. In this study Lestari discusses the metaphors

of Green Day lyrics to show the types of metaphorical expression used in the

lyrics and then to define the meaning of each metaphor used by the band.

Later the study finds out that all types of metaphors are appeared in the data

with the ontological metaphor as the most frequently used type of conceptual

metaphors. The analysis is done thoroughly and very specific so that the

readers also have a deep understanding about each conceptual metaphor.

Anyhow, this study doesn’t provide a furthermore explanation of why the

ontological metaphor is appeared to be the most frequent metaphor in the

song lyrics.


9

The last but not least is the related study taken from a thesis “Metaphors

of Love in the Lyrics of Kylie Minogue” (2015) by Harpela. This research is

to examine the metaphors of love found in the lyrics of Kylie Minogue

because most of her songs deal with subject of love. Later the meaning of the

love metaphors were analyzed. This study also places the metaphors in the

suitable categories of conceptual metaphor (ontological, orientational, and

structural), makes it very detail. Still, just like any other studies previously

discussed, this study only focuses on the interpretation of love metaphors in

song lyrics and nothing else.

This study is different from the related studies which have been reviewed

previously. The focus of the studies is mainly on the interpretation of the

conceptual metaphor, mostly love metaphor. They predominantly discuss

which conceptual love metaphors are used in the song lyrics and then

interpret the meanings based on the suitable categories of conceptual

metaphor. Meanwhile, this study examines types of conceptual love metaphor

found in the Suck it and See album by Arctic Monkeys and then tries to

categorize them based on their frequency of reappearances to find out the

contribution of the conceptual love metaphors to the theme of the album. The

aim of this study is to develop previous studies by providing a more thorough

analysis of love metaphor and its contribution in song lyrics, not merely

focusing on the interpretation.


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B. Review of Related Theories

A deep understanding of theories about the object of the study is required

to have a thorough analysis. In this analysis, the basic theory used is semantic

approach because the object of the study here is a literary work in a form of

songs and the meanings of the songs is the center of the discussion.

1. Semantics

The core function of a language is to deliver message or information in

order to successfully bring out what both communicator and communicant

want. The message or information conveyed carries meanings and the

delivery is considered successful if the meanings carried are understood in the

process of communication. In the process of every day communication,

verbal or written, the information or message contains words, phrase, and

sentences. The meaning behind those words, phrase and sentences can be

studied through semantics. Hurford, Hasley and Smith (2007) state that

semantics is “the study of meaning in language” (p. 1). It is the study of

meaning showed by elements of a language.

According to Finch, cognitive semantics that takes on functional view of

a language considers the meaning of elements important because it’s

impossible to only focus on the adequate account of grammatical rules (2005,

p. 142). Language is seen as the part of our experiential world and cannot be

separated from everyday life because of its core function as a tool of

communication. The concepts expressed by the language are also


11

interconnected. In order to understand one concept with the help of the other

we should first understand and differentiate the literal and transferred

meaning carried in the utterance.

According to Yule, the focus of semantic analysis is what the words

conventionally mean rather than what those mean on a particular occasion

(2006, p. 100). The concern of the approach is the general meaning (objective)

and avoids local meaning (subjective). It deals with conventional meaning

carried by the usage of words, phrases, and sentences in a language. The

meaning of words in a language usually revolves around the conceptual

meaning. It covers the basic and essential components of meaning brought by

the literal use of a word (Yule, 2006, p. 100). Meanwhile, associative

meaning focuses on the meaning of words on a particular occasion. There is

an association or connotation attached to a word based on how people

perceive or experience the word and it can be different from one another.

In defining the meaning of words semantic property plays an important

role. Semantic property is a component of meaning of words that underlie our

intuitions about literal meaning and are associated with the grammatical

structure of a language (Frawley, 1992, p. 12). Conceptual and associative

meaning cannot be separated when it comes to determining the semantic

property of a word. Semantic features partake in determining the semantic

property in order to clarify a word into specific elements. Semantic features is

the basic elements involved in differentiating the meaning of each word in a

language from every other word (Yule, 2006, p. 101).


12

In semantic features analysis there are literal and non-literal meaning to

be analyzed to find the shared concept. Shared concept helps us to understand

the different meaning of one word and another. A word contains specific

elements that makes it different from another word although it also carries

similarities. For example, woman, boy, and horse are three different words

with specific elements as shown in the table below.

The features are animate, human, female, and adult. The word woman

has all 4 features. Meanwhile, the word boy and horse don’t share all four

features provided. The word woman shares the same concepts with boy in [+

animate] and [+ human] and doesn’t share the same concept in [- female] and

[- adult]. With the word horse, it shares the same concept in [+ adult] and

doesn’t share the same one in [- animate], [- human], and [- female]. The

word boy shares same concept with the word horse in [- female] and doesn’t

share the same concept in [+ animate], [+ human], [- adult].

2. Metaphor

Metaphor is a comparison which identifies one thing with another,

dissimilar thing. It states that one thing is another thing, not just that one thing

Animate Human Female Adult

Woman + + + +

Boy + + - -

Horse - - - +

Features

Words


13

is like another thing (Lakoff and Johnson, 2003, p.3). For an instance, in a

sentence the ship ploughed the water, there is a transformation of language

from farming to the activity of sailing, in this case ‘sailing’ is referred to as

the target (tenor) and for the comparison, ‘farming’, is referred to as the

source (vehicle) (Finch, 2005, p. 161).

On the roles of metaphor in language there are two major positions

which are classical view and romantic view. The first position is classical

view which sees metaphor as something outside the language. The origin can

be traced back from Aristotle’s work about poetics and rhetoric. According to

Aristotle in this stance metaphor is considered as a decoration to the ordinary

language. Special form of interpretation is essential in this view (Finch, 2005,

p. 161). The second one is romantic view, the opposite of the classical. It

views metaphor as an anomaly which does not require special form of

interpretation because the metaphor itself is within everyday language and

thought and cannot be separated. The distinction between figurative and

non-figurative language is hard to tell since language is considered

metaphorical in nature. Metaphor is something inside the language, naturally

an integral part of a language. Lakoff and Johson as the first one to invent the

theory of cognitive metaphor claim that metaphor is naturally a part of

human’s conceptual system, it’s within our everyday language and very

common (Finch, 2005, p. 147).


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3. Conceptual Metaphor

Lakoff and Johnson are the first ones to develop the theory of

conceptual metaphor. They argue that metaphor is something which can be

understood and experienced in terms of another (Lakoff and Johnson, 2003,

p.14). Therefore, to understand one complete abstract concept people need to

find another common concept that can strongly represent the abstract one.

Basically, there is a connection between conceptual domain according to

Lakoff and Johnson, a rather abstract one (source) with something easier to

perceive (target). Conceptual metaphor is about the source domain and target

domain in understanding one concept. For example, we have this conceptual

domain “argument” that can be described in terms of “war” as in “He shot

down all of my arguments” to understand how argument works, it is about

losing or winning as if our opponent and us are in a war (2003, p. 5). The

concept of war in “Argument is war” reflects many things people do in

arguing such as ‘shot’ (an act of attacking or defending something) in the

previous example, though it is verbally and not physically. The actions people

perform in arguing are something we live by in culture (p.5) where in our

culture argument is viewed in terms of war which involves the sense of

attacking, defending, losing or winning.

4. Love Metaphor

Kovecses (2004) presents the research of metaphors of emotion in his

book about human’s emotion concept and its relation with metaphor. First


15

thing first, it serves the reader a better understanding of emotion concepts in

English language from cognitive semantics perspective. Later it discusses the

basic emotions found in human, such as anger, sadness, love, lust, and fear.

Kovecses argues that metaphor not only involves the language people use

about the emotions, but that it is also very important to the apprehension of

most aspects of conceptualization of emotion and emotional experience (2004,

p. 20).

Eight emotion concepts are examined: anger, fear, sadness, love, lust,

pride, shame, and surprise. Those emotion concepts are being associated with

metaphorical source domains provided in the research, such as fluid in a

container, a natural/physical force, insanity, social superior, etc. Based on the

occurrence there are source domains that apply to all emotion concepts, such

as emotion is possession of an object (e.g: She has a lot of pride), source

domains that apply to most emotion concepts, such as natural and physical

force, source domains that apply to some emotions, such as heat/fire,

nutrient/food, war and game and the source domain that only apply to one

emotion, such as hidden enemy and supernatural being that only apply to the

emotion of fear.

Among the eight emotion concepts the most highly metaphorized

emotion concept is love. It is because love concept is mainly structured in

metaphorical terms. Metaphors also play a very important role in conceptual

model of love and by metaphor it means ‘conceptual metaphor’ introduced by

Lakoff and Johson (2003, p. 5). They distinguish a conceptual metaphor from


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the linguistic expressions that reflect or manifest the conceptual metaphor.

For example, “she’s starved for affection”. This expression shows us that love

is some kind of nutrient, something that we need. Nutrient is a concept which

is subordinate to the concept of need. In such cases, following the practice of

Lakoff and Johnson, Kovecses tries to represent the appropriate conceptual

metaphor by using more specific concept (which is NUTRIENT) (2004, p. 6).

Apart from traditional view of metaphor, Lakoff and Johnson consider

the primary function of metaphor as a tool to understand complex, difficult,

abstract or less clearly depicted concepts. By trying to understand such a

concept in terms of another, less complicated, physical, or more clearly

delineated concept, the concept that tries to be understood (LOVE) is called

the ‘target domain’ and the concept which is used for this purpose

(NURTRIENT) is called ‘source domain’. Thus in Lakoff and Johnson’s

perspective, metaphor serves as the cognitive role of understanding one

concept in terms of another. The portrayals such as LOVE IS NUTRIENT are

intended to capture this aspect of metaphor (Kovecses, 2004, p. 6).

In his perspective about love metaphor Kovecses states that “It also

partakes of metaphorical source domains that typically characterize human

relationships” (2004, p. 27). It is due to the fact that love does not only

involve something as abstract as emotion but also something as concrete as a

relationship as well. Thus, conceptual metaphor of love has the largest

number emotion concepts. In accordance with Kovecses there are several

emotion concepts of love and below is the list of the source domains of love


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followed by examples taken from Lakoff and Johnson (2003, p. 139-146)

which manifest in everyday language.

a. Love is Nutrient

The nutrient metaphor focuses on only one aspect of love which is the

need. It makes us see love as a need in term of food, a need to live and

survive. People need food in order to live and survive. Below are the

examples are taken from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

She's starved for affection.

I need love.

I cant live without love.

b. Love is a Journey

The emphasis of journey metaphor falls on the progress and the purpose

of the love relationship, and the difficulties along the way. Below are the

examples taken from Lakoff and Johnson (2003).

Look how far we've come.

We'll just have to go our separate ways.

It's been a long, bumpy road.

c. Love is a Unity of Parts

The unity metaphor conceive love as perfect harmony, a state of idyllic.

It suggests the idea of two parts complement each other. In a love relationship


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this is experienced as the lover being only a half, and the half being made up

by the beloved. The consequences of love as the unity of two parts is the way

we conceive love as the bond, or attachment between the two parts. Some

further aspects of the concept love is when the unity of two parts can be

dispersed. The bond may weaken as the time goes by and cease to exist

altogether because when the two physical objects can form a unity they can

also become single. Below are the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson

(2003).

We were made for each other.

We are one.

She is my better half.

d. Love is Closeness

The metaphor conceives love as closeness in terms of physical. The

physical closeness is between the two physical objects in unity. It serves

physical connection between the lovers. Below are the examples taken from

Lakoff and Johson (2003).

I want to be with you all my life.

We're always together.

He follows her everywhere.

e. Love is Fluid in a Container

Fluid in a container metaphor captures the relationship between intensity

and quantity of love. The intensity is often expressed by the amount of


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substance in a container. If the amount of the substance is a lot then the

intensity of love is high and if there is only a small amount of it then it is low.

Our body is often seen and served as a container for our emotions and the

emotions as fluids inside the container. Below are the examples taken from


She was filled with love.

Warm feelings welled up inside him.

She overflowed with love.

f. Love is Fire

Metaphor love is fire highlights the intensity of love, the existence of

love, the coming into and going out of existence of love, its duration, the

cause of love, the frustration caused by love, and how it can render a person

unable to function normally. In the context of love, the fire can cause

emotional pain where it can burn and leave scar. Fire also conceptualizes love

as having a beginning, existence, and an end. When the fire is kindled love

begins, when the fire is burning love exists, and when it goes out the love

ends. Below are the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

My heart's on fire.

He was burning with love.

She is his latest flame.


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g. Love is an Economic Exchange

This metaphor views love as commercial transactions. Here love

functions as a valuable commodity and the lovers as merchants exchanging

goods. The idea of an ideal love this metaphor offers is something that should

be mutual and equal in degree. Below are the examples taken from Lakoff

and Johson (2003).

I gave her all my love.

I didn't get much in return.

I've lost all my love for her.

h. Love is a Natural Force

It something related to natural force such as flood, storm, wind, etc.

Passivity, lack of control, and pleasantness are three aspects of love this

metaphor focuses on. Below are the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson

(2003).

She swept me off my feet.

Waves of passion came over him.

She was carried away by love

i. Love is a Physical Force

It is something related to a physical force such as magnetic, gravitational,

chemical, etc. In this metaphor the person in love obeys a larger and stronger

physical force. The persons / lovers who are involved cannot help being in


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love since all he or she does is obey a force larger than him or her. Below are

the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

I could feel the electricity between us.

There were sparks.

They are uncontrollably attracted to each other.

j. Love is an Opponent

This metaphor focuses on the attempt to avoid lack of control. Below are

the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

He tried to fight off his feelings of love.

Eventually he surrendered to his love.

She was struggling with her feelings of love.

k. Love is a Captive Animal

In this metaphor animal that tries to get away is love and the person that

tries to keep it back is the person who is in love. We have this urge to keep

the animal back inside us or stop it from getting away from us that requires a

lot of energy. The energy in this context is the energy needed to maintain

control over love. We want to overcome the weakness but at the same time

we also helpless because of the lack of control over love. Below are the

examples taken from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

His love got out of hand.

He unleashed his love.

She gave way to her feelings of love.


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l. Love is War

Love is represented as war. This structures our actions in performing love

where war is something needed to be won. Though there is no physical battle

but there is an inner feeling battle. There is a sense of attacking or defending,

gaining or losing in order to win and not to lose when it comes to war in this

particular context. Below are the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson

(2003).

She conquered him

He has won her heart

She retreated from her feelings

m. Love is a Sport / Game

Love is seen in terms of a more game-related notion of play. It is a more

playful way to conceptualize love that one is experiencing. For instance, one

can play (acting/pretending) hard to get for somebody who apparently shows

his emotional attachment more openly, though one is as interested. One can

also play with others feeling though not as interested to test how far one can

go for merely a validation. Someone can also act emotionally attached to a

person one day and the other day act reservedly and coldly. Those kinds of

play can be considered as the play of maintaining closeness and distance and

consequently can lead to the notion of love is war. Below are the examples of

love is sport/game).

He made a play with her


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She plays with his feelings

He cheated on him

n. Love is Magic

Love is seen as something has control over us. There is a psychological

force (the magic) whose effect the person in love undergoes. This shows the

passivity aspect of love and the lack of control which most clearly seen in the

examples spellbound, hypnotized, in a trance. If one can feel spellbound, be

hypnotized, or in a state of trance a person is not be able to function normally.

The person who is in love is viewed as a person who lacks control over the

state he or she happens to be in. In other words, the more control we have of

our emotion (in terms of love), the less we are in love. Below are the


She cast her spell over me.

The magic is gone.

I was spellbound.

o. Love is Insanity

In this metaphor the insane person corresponds to the person in love. The

one who makes the person insane is the person one falls in love with. Insanity

is the ultimate lack of control. When the insanity metaphor is applied to love

it is when the person in love is not responsible for what he or she does either.

This metaphor also links to enthusiasm. We tend to be enthusiastic with the


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person we are in love with. Below are the examples taken from Lakoff and

Johson (2003).

I am crazy about her.

She drives me out of my mind.

He constantly raves about her.

p. Love is a Rapture / High

The person in love in this metaphor corresponds to the person under the

influence of drugs and the drugs are the love itself. Besides the lack of control

as the consequence of the ‘drugs’, what comes out strong of this metaphor is

the same degree between the pleasantness of the rapture or high and the

pleasantness of the love experience. Below are the examples taken from


They were besotted with love.

He is intoxicated with love.

I am giddy with love.

q. The Object of Love is an Appetizing Food

The concept of love in this metaphor links to the love as a need, liking,

and sexual desire. One of our most important need is food that is why love is

seen as a need to be fulfilled. In concept of liking, when we eat food,

especially appetizing food, not always because of hunger or to to satisfy our

basic need but to satisfy our liking of the food (something that we desire). We

eat it simply because we desire and enjoy it. Meanwhile, the sexual desire is


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conceptualized as the hunger for the appetizing food. This indicates the

presence of love in addition to sexual desire. Below are the examples taken

from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

Hi, sweetheart.

She's my sweet and sugar.

Hi, sugar! Honey, you look great today!

r. The Object of Love is a Beautiful Object

Another kind of liking explains in this metaphor. It is when something is

pleasant to the sight. And what is pleasant to the sight is usually something

we find beautiful. In this metaphor the object of love is always considered

beautiful no matter how it looks. Beauty also considers as a force, both

physical and psychological, and liking is the reaction to the force. The force

takes variety forms such as magnetic force (attractive), a mechanical force

(bowl over, bombshell, knock off), a strong light (dazzling, glamour), and a

magical force (hypnotize, enchanting). However, liking which is present in

love doesn’t necessarily involve the liking of such physical attributes as

beauty. It also involves non-physical characters: personality, nature, etc.

Below are the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

Let's go, beautiful.

Hi, cutie!

Well, gorgeous?


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s. The Object of Love is a Deity

This metaphor brings out the concepts of respect, admiration, devotion,

sacrifice, and enthusiasm. Lovers see themselves as being devoted to each

other the same degree as a priest that sees himself as being dedicated to the

service of God. In this context, love can be directed to only one person just as

priest that can only serve on God. People in love see themselves as the

‘servants’ to the beloved. The object of love serves as the deity. Below are the


I adore you.

She loves the air he breathes.

He worships the ground she walks on.

t. The Object of Love is a Valuable Object

The focus of this metaphor is attachment. The same way we want to

treasure and keep possession of a valuable object we tend to attach to the

person we love. There is also a sense of pride here because when we fall in

love we are not merely attached to the object of love but we also proud of

him/her because we value the person highly. This is because one of the

typical sources of pride comes from possession of a valuable object. Below

are the examples taken from Lakoff and Johson (2003).

Hello, my precious!

We have to leave now, my dear.

You're my treasure!


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5. Theme

In defining the success of a text the choice and representation of theme

plays a crucial role. It plays a very important role in focusing and organizing

the message and also contributing to the coherence and the success of the

message. Theme works as the 'glue' to structure and bind the ideas and

interpersonal meanings (Forey, 2002, p. 50). In order to convey the writer’s

point of view in a literary work theme is considered as the important element.

Theme is one of the features in text that can interpret the writer’s point of

view (Martin as cited in Forey, 2002, p. 50).

As noted above, there are several functions of theme in general. Firstly,

organizing the message and playing a crucial role in the success of the text

from a reader’s perspective. Secondly, construing the intended interpretation

of the clause and the text as a whole. Thirdly, extending the analysis of a text

beyond grammatical structure of clauses or sentences. At a higher level,

theme incorporating the author’s aim in participating the discourse.

Participating the discourse means go beyond the grammatical constraints. The

discourse constraints are much more abstract than the grammatical one (Forey,

2002, p. 51). The idea is more related to social context in which the discourse

is constructed.

C. Theoretical Framework

This part will discuss the contribution of related theories above in

answering the problem formulation. The theory of metaphor and semantics


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have significant role in this study. Both theories help the writer to solve

problem formulation by defining the meaning of the object of study.

Semantic analysis is conducted in this study with the help of semantic

theory provided in the study. Lexical semantics is used as a medium to

analyze the literal meaning of the song. After finding the literal meaning

found in the metaphorical expression of the songs in the album analyzed the

theory of metaphor is applied here. The theory helps the writer to elaborate

and then categorize each metaphorical expression into concepts of love

metaphor. After categorizing each metaphorical expression found in the songs

based on its love metaphor, the theme of the album can be concluded by

analyzing which love metaphor appears the most in the songs


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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the object, the approach, and the method of the study

are elaborated. The process of analyzing the object of the study is later

explained. The approach of study is pertained as a tool to analyze the object.

The method of the study is established to help answering the the problem

formulations.

A. Object of the Study

Arctic Monkeys is an indie-rock band from Sheffield, England, and is

popular with their poetic songs which contain many witty and unique

metaphors. The frontman, Alex Turner, is the song writer of the band who is

known for his genius metaphorical expression which can put out something as

abstract as love, for example, into his unique wordplay. As it is said by Jax25

(2012, para. 1) he is very popular and much appreciated with his “acute

observations” and “poetic phrases” which makes it easier for the fans to

understand and express their own feelings about their personal feeling of

infatuations, disappointment, and insecurities through the Arctic Monkeys’

songs. The album Suck it and See is the fourth album of Arctic Monkeys and

considered as the “most rewarding album so far” (Hogan, 2011, para. 2)

because of the mixture of its well-observed lyrics enriched with Arctic

Monkey’s famous distinctive metaphors and its wide range of music from

glam-rock to indie pop balladry.


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There are 12 songs in the album, but only 8 songs under the same theme

of love which would be deeply analyzed. Those songs are entitled “Love is a

Laserquest”, “Piledriver Waltz”, “Black Treacle”, “She's

Thunderstorms”, ”The Hellcat Spangled Shalalala”, “Reckless Serenade”,

“Suck it and See”, “That's Where You’re Wrong". At the end of the research,

the writer would reveal the significance of the love metaphor usage in the

album itself.

B. Approach of the Study

Semantic approach is applied to conduct the research. It is required in this

research since the writer aims to analyze the meaning in language. In this

particular context of semantics and its nature of the subject (meaning), there

is metaphor that can carry meaning over or transfer it to another. The

approach was used to interpret the meaning of metaphor found in some songs.

The meaning of each metaphorical expression of love in the songs was deeply

analyzed to classify them based on the emotion concepts of love. The object

of the study is lyrics of several songs by Arctic Monkeys. The written text

was analyzed thoroughly to find the best meaning with the help of semantic

approach. At the end of the study, the analysis of meaning in each song

showed the theme reflected from love metaphor found in Arctic Monkeys’

album.


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C. Method of the Study

1. Data Collection

There were several steps taken in conducting the research. Firstly, the

writer picked one of Arctic Monkeys most popular albums. Then the writer

chose 8 songs under the same theme, which is love. The titles of the songs

chosen are “Love is a Laserquest”, “Piledriver Waltz”, “Black Treacle”,

“She's Thunderstorms”, ”The Hellcat Spangled Shalalala”, “Reckless

Serenade”, “Suck it and See”, “That's Where You’re Wrong". Secondly, the

metaphors found in the songs will be collected and interpreted to be classified

into the kind of love metaphor the writer wants to analyze in order to find the

theme reflected from the love metaphor in the album.

2. Data Analysis

Data analysis was conducted after collecting the metaphor. There were

three steps in this part. First, the writer required to find the metaphors in the

song and then analyze the meaning of each metaphor by conducting semantic

analysis. In the process of analysis the writer used Oxford Advanced

Learner’s Dictionary and Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary.

Second, the interpreted metaphorical expression was classified into the

type of love metaphor (such as love is unity, love is game, or love is journey)

using the theory of metaphor by Kovecses. Third, analyzing the semantic

features in order to understand the difference between the literal and



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non-literal meanings within the lyrics. The last but not least, the theme of the

album was determined by analyzing which love metaphor appeared the most

in the album based on the semantic feature analysis.


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CHAPTER IV

ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter discusses how love metaphor is used in the song and what

theme is reflected from the use of love metaphor in the album of the song.

The metaphoric expressions will be classified into love metaphor and

elaborated with theories on the reviews to attain the theme of the album.

A. Types of Love Metaphors Used in Arctic Monkey’s Album Suck it and

See

This section focuses on the types of love metaphors in Arctic Monkeys’

album Suck it and See. The classification and the elaboration of love

metaphors are discussed in this part. The theory used in this part of analysis is

theory of love metaphor by Kovecses (2004).

There are 73 metaphoric expressions found in the songs which contain 36

love metaphors. Among 36 love metaphors in the songs there are 11 kinds of

love metaphor including: love is insanity, love is journey, love is fire, love is

game, love is natural force, love is physical force, love is magic, love is war,

love is unity of parts, love is an appetizing food, love is fluid in a container.

Below is the list of love metaphors which have been classified.

1. Love is Insanity

In this metaphor love is related to ultimate lack of control because of the

insanity caused by the love itself that can drive one’s mind crazy. Besides


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lack of control, enthusiasm is also linked to this metaphor. The enthusiasm

can grow because of the person we fall in love with or we are crazy about.

There are eighteen metaphors which represent love as insanity.

a. I’ve been feeling foolish

On sentence (a) the intense feeling of love illustrates as someone who

feels foolish over his feelings because of a woman. The insanity of love

makes him feel foolish because it drives him out of his mind. According to

OALD foolish is “(of actions or behavior) not showing good sense or

judgement” (2010, p. 581). When someone is in tune he can show a good

sense or judgement, it means she/he has control over his mind and feeling.

Meanwhile, when someone is not in control over his mind and feeling he

cannot show a good sense or judgement. In this context, the man cannot think

straight and show good sense because he has no control over his feelings

towards the woman he is infatuated with.

b. That’s not a skirt girl, that’s a sawn-off shotgun and I can only hope

you’ve got it aimed at me

Sawn-off shotgun is “a shotgun with part of its barrel cut off” (2010, p.

1313). It is a kind of gun which uses in military. He portrays the skirt that the

girl’s wearing as deadly as a gun. Even though it is deadly, the man still

hopes the gun is being aimed at him. He wishes the woman wants him as

much as he wants her, putting aside the fact that the woman may not be good

for him.


35

c. She’s been loop the looping around my mind

On the third sentence the woman has entered the man’s mind. According

to OALD loop the loop is an idiom meaning “to fly of make a plane fly in a

circle going up and down” (2010, p. 880). It is an act to perform a loop

usually done by an aircraft. In this case, the act of loop the looping in one’s

mind here means the woman is the plane who flies in a circle in his mind and

performs a loop then leaves her trace (loop) to interfere with his brain. The

woman constantly lingers (looping) in his mind and it is a sign that his mind

has gone crazy about her because he could not think of any other thing but the

woman.

2. Love is Natural Force

Love as seen in natural force is related to natural events such as flood,

storm, wind, etc. The natural events stand for the love which involves

passivity, lack of control, and pleasantness. There is one metaphor found in

the album which represents love as a natural force

a. She’s thunderstorms

The phrase above describes the subject of love as something apocalyptic

as a thunderstorm. According to OALD thunderstorm is “a storm with

thunder and lightning and usually very heavy rain” (2010, p. 1560). The

presence of the woman described has the same vibe with a thunderstorm

which gives a sensation of passivity and lack of control. When there is a


36

storm with heavy rain people have no control over the natural event and it

makes them helpless. Likewise, the portrayal of the woman in the lyrics is so

powerfully and naturally beautiful making everyone who sees her helpless

and has no control over themselves. How powerful and affecting the aura that

the woman brings makes her not just a single thunderstorm in the illustration

of the song writer but a series of thunderstorm in one body.

3. Love is Fire

This metaphor highlights the intensity of love, the existence of love, its

duration, the cause and the frustration caused by love. It can cause emotional

pain where it can burn and leave scar. Fire conceptualizes love as having a

beginning, existence, and an end. Below is the portrayal of love is fire as seen

as something intense causing a person unable to function normally. There are

two metaphors which represent love as fire.

a. Cheating heart beat, rapid fire

The person who undergoes the intensity of love feels his heart beats

rapidly like fire when committing something bad (cheating). According to

OALD cheating is “to have a secret sexual relationship with somebody else”

(2010, p. 238). When someone cheats on his partner, it gives a sensation of

feeling guilty and scared of getting caught. Those combination of feelings

form intensity like rapid fire in one’s heart just the way the man feels towards

the presence of the woman which is so powerful like thunderstorms.


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a. All the old flames fastened on, make a wish that weighs a tonne

Old flame is defined as “a former lover” by OALD (p. 1023, 2010). In this

metaphor, the old flame is in plural. It shows that there are so many men in

the woman’s past that finally also fastened on to her. According to OALD

fastened on (to) somebody or something is “to choose or to follow somebody

or something in a determined way.” (p. 538, 2010). The one who is fastened

on usually gives attention to particular thing because he/she considers it is

special. In this case, the woman is seen as something special that can attract

those men, even the men from her past, and the man himself to (choose her)

give their attention. They all personally make the same wish about her, a wish

that feels heavy (weighs a tonne) it is actually impossible to be with her and

be the only one for her because she will never settle for someone but

everyone.

4. Love is Game

Love is related to something as playful as a game in this metaphor. How

someone plays hard to get is one of instances in love is game metaphor.

Someone who plays with others feelings merely in order to get validation also

represents this metaphor. Love is game is a more playful way to

conceptualize love that one experiences. There are three metaphors found

which represent love as game.


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a. One of those games you're gonna lose but you wanna play it, just in case

In sentence number 1 there are phrase and words like on of those games,

lose, and play. Based on OALD game is “an activity or a sport with rules in

which people or teams compete against each other”. The two following words

which indicate the notion of love is game in this part, lose and play, are part

of the game itself. When there is a game there must be something you play in

order to win and not to lose. Therefore, it is very obvious in sentence number

1 that love is seen as game-related notion of play.

In this metaphor, the one game that is being played is the game of dating.

Game represents relationship with someone which eventually ends up

unsuccessfully (lose). Despite past failures in the relationship the woman

continues to play with other men and ignores the man’s feelings.

b. And you're acting like a stranger 'cause you thought it looked like fun

There are words acting and fun which indicate the notion of game-related

love in the metaphor. Based on OALD acting is “the activity or profession

performing in plays, film/movies, etc” (2010, p. 13). Acting is an act of play

pretend. When a person does an acting he/she plays role which is not his/her

real self. OALD defines fun as “enjoyment, pleasure; a thing that gives

enjoyment or pleasure and makes you happy” (2010, p. 608). When people

have fun they have this sense of enjoyment. The pleasure which triggers the

fun may vary in forms. For example, someone can have a good time (fun) at a

party but some are not. There are people who have fun in their own way, like


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reading a book or go to shopping by themselves because they don’t like

surrounded by people.

In this metaphor, play pretend (acting like stranger) is considered as

something the woman enjoys to tease the man (cause you thought it looked

like fun). There is a sense of enjoyment in acting like a stranger to the person

she has known before although the man doesn’t feel really comfortable with

the game she plays. The man feels like he is being played by the girl’s action.

c. And do you still think love is a laserquest or do you take it all more

seriously?

Laserquest is a laser tag game combines the classic game of

hide-and-seek with a high tech twist (About Laserquest, para. 1). The

equipment use is laser gun to tag the opponent. According to OALD laser

gun is “a piece of equipment which uses a laser to read a bar code or to find

out how fast a vehicle or other object is moving” (2010, p. 837). The aim of

the player is to tag their opponents as many times as possible using the laser

gun and the other player avoids being tagged.

In this metaphor, the man questions about love: ‘and do you still think

love is a laserquest’ (love = laserquest). Here the meaning of love equals to

laserquest. In this case love is considered as merely a game to be won for the

person that is being referred to. The writer of the song tries to convey his

helplessness in moving on from a person he knew will never see him as a

lover because this person is always busy to protect herself from being hurt by


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not taking love as something that serious, seeing it as a merely laserquest

game.

5. Love is Journey

The progress, the purpose of the love relationship, and the difficulties

along the way are emphasized in this metaphor. In this part the progress and

the difficulties of one’s relationship is being discussed. There are three

metaphors found which represent love as journey.

a. Now I'm out of place and I'm not getting any wiser

The sentence above describes a state of desperation one experiences in

his/her relation with someone. In this metaphor, the man feels like he is not

there (with the girl) anymore (out of place) and by the time he realizes there is

something wrong in his relation with the woman he knows that none of those

things he has gone through with the woman makes him a better man (not

getting any wiser). There is a process in his relation with the woman here that

finally makes him realizes something that is not worth fighting for at the end

of the day.

b. Do you still feel younger than you thought you would by now or darling,

have you started feeling old yet?

In sentence number 1, there are a lot of questions the man has for the

woman. The questions are related to the change of the woman. The man

wonders if the woman has changed into a maturer person (have you started




41

feeling old yet) or still the same old person who plays around like a child (feel

younger than you thought you would by now). Change is a part of progress in

one’s relation.

c. When I’m pipe and slippers and rocking chair singing dreadful songs

about summer

According to OALD pipe is “a tube through which liquids and gases can

flow”, “a narrow tube with a bowl at one end, used for smoking tobacco”

(2010, p. 1130). In this metaphor, the pipe refers to a tube used for smoking

tobacco. Slipper is defined as “a loose soft shoe that you wear in the house”

by OALD (2010, p. 1400). Then OALD defines rocking chair as “a chair

with two curved pieces of wood under it that make it move backwards and

forwards” (2010, p. 1282). The usage of rocking chair is usually referred to

elder people. There is a stereotype of older people sit happily on rocking chair.

It is because the activity does bring some peace of mind to them (Watson,

1998, para. 3).

In this metaphor, the combination of words pipe, slippers, and rocking

chair refer to a phase of life when someone just sits at home with one’s pipe

and slippers while sitting on rocking chair because he/she is already old.

When I’m pipe and slippers and rocking chair means when he’s already old.

He pictures the time when he gets old he is in the state of contemplating

things because he has been through a lot of hard times while he sings


42

something sounds nostalgic (singing dreadful songs about summer) that

reminds him of a past time.

6. Love is Physical Force

A larger and stronger physical force affects love in this metaphor. The

persons who are involved cannot help being in love since all he or she does is

obeying a force larger than him or her. There are two metaphors found which

represent love as physical force.

a. It does a dozen somersaults and leaves you supercharged

According to OALD somersault is “a movement in which somebody

turns over completely, with their feet over their head, on the ground or in the

air” (2010, p. 1419). When someone does the somersault it is more like an

acrobatic movement. OALD defines supercharged as “(of an engine)

powerful because it is supplied with air or fuel at a pressure that is higher than

normal”, “stronger, more powerful or more effective than usual” (2010, p.

1498). When a person feels supercharged it is on the next level of feeling

charged.

In this metaphor, the way the woman acts (when she flicks a red-hot

revelation) makes the man (as if) he does something out of habit, a dozen

somersault. It is because the energy transferred by the woman has a larger

force than the man. The larger force outside the man’s control that is

resonated by the woman makes him instantly feeling supercharged.



43

b. I heard the piledriver waltz, it woke me up this morning

The combination of words piledriver and waltz is contradictory.

Piledriver refers to a harsh wrestling movement and waltz refers to a form of

slow dance. Piledriver is defined as “a very heavy kick or blow” based on

OALD (2010, p. 1107). It is a technique usually used in professional

wrestling. According to OALD waltz is “a dance in which two people dance

together to a regular rhythm.” (2010, p. 1671). There are words piledriver and

waltz in the sentence that become a larger force to the man and it affects him.

The piledriver waltz is illustrated as something disturbing that has the power

to wake him up from his sleeping. It is because waltz has lost its literal

meaning, as a dance with slow movement, because combined with word

piledriver. The waltz he is hearing has turned into something with heavy

movement like in a wrestling to an extent it is so disturbing. The piledriver

waltz is also a form of the unhappy ending the man hears before.

7. Love is Magic

There is a psychological force whose effect the person in love undergoes.

This shows lack of control and passivity which most clearly seen in the

examples spellbound, hypnotized, in a trance. If one can feel spellbound, be

hypnotized, or in a state of trance a person is not be able function normally.

The more control we have of our emotion, the less we are in love. There are

two metaphors found which represent love as magic.


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a. Topless models doing Semaphore wave their flags as she walks by and

get ignored

On sentence number one the woman has the power to spellbound

everyone because she is capable to distract everyone’s attention even from the

topless models doing Semaphore. According to OALD spellbound is “with

your attention completely held by what you are listening or watching” (2010,

p. 1432). It is obvious that the woman has held everyone’s attention

completely just by watching her because she makes everyone ignoring the

topless models as she walks into the scene.

b. Their hypnosis goes unnoticed when she's walking by

Based on OALD hypnosis is “an unconscious state in which somebody

can still see and hear and can be influenced to follow commands or answer

questions (2010, p. 739). It is something that happens in an unconscious part

of human’s thought. In psychology, hypnosis is used a treatment to cure

dependence. For example, smoking dependence can be cured by hypnosis. In

this metaphor, even with the presence of the woman the hypnosis given by the

topless models can be distorted because they are already spellbounded by her

beauty.

8. Love is War

There is a sense of attacking and defending in order to win and not to lose

when it comes to feeling that one senses in this metaphor. There is one

metaphor found which represents love as war.


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45

a. I heard the news that you're planning to shoot me out of a cannon

The woman wants to get rid of the man by giving an end to the

relationship. In this metaphor, as if the woman plans their goodbye by

shooting him out of a cannon.The sense of attacking the man by shooting him

is a form of goodbye and rejection from the woman towards the man. It is a

painful goodbye for the man because he is the one that is got rid of

(attacked/shot) in this metaphor.

9. Love is Unity of Parts

The unity metaphor conceives love as perfect harmony. It suggests the

idea of two parts complement each other. The unity can be dispersed. It may

weaken as the time goes by and cease to exist altogether because when the

two physical objects can form a unity they can also become single. There are

two metaphors found which represent love as unity of parts.

a. Now I can't think of air without thinking of you

OALD defines air as “the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth and

that we breathe” (2010, 31). It is one of essential things for human kind. With

the absence of air human cannot breathe and it can lead to death. In this

metaphor, the man feels like he cannot breathe (can’t think of air) without

thinking of the woman. Putting the woman in his thought is just the same as

breathing for him. For him thinking of the woman is very normal and done




46

automatically just like breathing. It’s a part of him, something normal because

the woman is always there in his mind.

b. Don't take it so personally you're not the only one

In this metaphor, the man convinces himself that he is not the only

because the woman doesn’t really love him. She plays around with other men

and it makes him feel less special so he doesn’t need to take everything that

woman does to him so personally.The result of the analysis is shown in the

table below.

10. Love is Appetizing Food

In this metaphor, love is linked to the love as a need, liking, and sexual

desire. Love is seen as desirable as food. We eat something simply because

we desire and enjoy it and the same goes with love in this concept. There is

one metaphor which represents love as appetizing food.

a. You’re rarer than a can of dandelion and burdock and those other girls

are just post-mix lemonade

According to Pa dandelion and burdock is fermented roots that became a

manufactured fizzy drink of sugar and extracts (para. 7, 2011). The tastes

similar to root beer but it can only be found in British culture. The rareness of

the drink is projected to the description of the woman in the man’s eyes. The

man sees the woman as rare as a dandelion and burdock and that’s what

makes her special. According to Pepsi Mid America postmix is “a softdrink


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47

made on location”. It is mixed with water and CO2 and done through

post-mix dispenser. Post-mix lemonade means carbonated drink with lemon

flavor.

In this metaphor, dandelion and burdock and post-mix lemonade are

being compared. The woman is the dandelion and burdock because she is one

of a kind just like d&b which is rare to find. On the other hand, the other girls

that the man sees are just post-mix lemonade, a carbonated drink, which can

be found everywhere and nothing special about it.

11. Love is Fluid in a Container

In this metaphor, the body of the man serves as a container and his

feeling is the fluid inside the container. There is one metaphor which

represents love as fluid in a container.

a. I poured my aching heart into a pop song

The man’s aching heart is the fluid inside the man’s body (container).

The amount of fluid inside the container is overwhelming so it is needed to be

released. The man releases his aching heart into a catharsis. In this metaphor,

the way he copes with his aching heart is by writing a pop song as his

catharsis. At the end of the day, he writes a song about her to deal with his

own feelings.


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B. Semantic Features of Love Metaphor

Based on the discussion above there are 11 love metaphors found within

the album of Arctic Monkeys entitled Suck It And See. This part will show

the semantic features in classifying the metaphorical expressions into love

metaphors and then determine the theme which is reflected from the use of

love metaphor in the album. The theme of the album is determined by

analyzing which love metaphor appeared the most in the songs.

1. Semantic Features in Suck It And See Album

In this part the shared concept will be analyzed to show the love

metaphor in each song in the album. In determining the shared concept the

literal and non-literal meaning must be first defined. The result of the analysis

will be shown in a form of a table.

a. She’s Thunderstorms

Love metaphors found in this song are love is insanity, love is natural

force, and love is fire. The first is love is insanity, the shared concepts are [-

sane] and [- control]. The second is natural force with the shared concept [+

power]. The last is love is fire with the shared concepts [+ heat] and [+ burn].

Below are the result of the analysis of the semantic features shown in the

table.

Table 1 Analysis of Metaphor “I’ve been feeling foolish”

Lyrics Literal Meaning Non-Literal Shared


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Meaning Concept

I’ve been feeling

foolish

The writer (of

actions or

behavior) does not

show good sense or

judgement

The writer cannot

think straight and

show good sense

because he has no

control over his

feelings towards

the woman he is

infatuated with

[- sane]

[- control]

In this part, someone feels foolish over his feelings because of a woman.

The insanity of love makes him feel foolish because it drives him out of his

mind. According to OALD foolish is “(of actions or behavior) not showing

good sense or judgement” (2010, p. 581). When someone is in tune he can

show a good sense or judgement, it means she/he has control over his mind

and feeling. Meanwhile, when someone is not in control over his mind and

feeling he cannot show a good sense or judgement.

Table 2 Analysis of Metaphor “She’s been loop the looping around my

mind”

Lyrics Literal Meaning Non-Literal

Meaning

Shared

Concept

She’s been loop the

looping around my

mind

A woman loops the

looping in

someone’s mind like

a plane fly in a circle

going up and down

and leaving a trace

in the cloud

The writer’s

description of a

woman who

lingers in his

mind and drives

him crazy

[- sane]

[- control]


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In this particular context, the woman has entered the man’s mind.

According to OALD loop the loop is an idiom meaning “to fly of make a

plane fly in a circle going up and down” (2010, p. 880). It is an act to perform

a loop usually done by an aircraft. In this case, the act of loop the looping in

one’s mind here means the woman is the plane who flies in a circle in his

mind and performs a loop then leaves her trace (loop) to interfere with his

brain. The woman constantly lingers (looping) in his mind and it is a sign that

his mind has gone crazy about her because he could not think of any other

thing but the woman.

Table 3 Analysis of Metaphor “She’s thunderstorms”

Lyrics Literal Meaning Non Literal

Meaning

Shared

Concept

She’s

thunderstorms

a storm with thunder

and lightning and

usually very heavy

rain

A way to

describe a

woman which is

powerfully and

naturally

beautiful making

everyone

helpless and no

control over

themselves

[+ power]

The phrase above describes the subject of love as something apocalyptic

as a thunderstorm. According to OALD thunderstorm is “a storm with

thunder and lightning and usually very heavy rain” (2010, p. 1560). The

presence of the woman described has the same vibe with a thunderstorm


51

which gives a sensation of passivity and lack of control. When there is a

storm with heavy rain people have no control over the natural event and it

makes them helpless, similar to the woman the writer refers to. How powerful

and affecting the aura that the woman brings makes her not just a single

thunderstorm but a series of thunderstorm in one body.

Table 4 Analysis of Metaphor “Cheating heartbeat, rapid fire”

The person who undergoes the intensity of love feels his heart beats

rapidly like fire when committing something bad (cheating). According to

OALD cheating is “to have a secret sexual relationship with somebody else”

(2010, p. 238). When someone cheats on his partner, it gives a sensation of

feeling guilty and scared of getting caught. Those combination of feelings

form intensity like rapid fire in one’s heart just the way the man feels towards

the presence of the woman which is so powerful like thunderstorms.

Lyrics Literal Meaning Non Literal

Meaning

Shared

Concept

Cheating heart

beat, rapid fire

to have a secret

sexual relationship

with somebody else

that make someone’s

heart skip a beat like

rapid fire

The writer feels

an intense

sensation just like

when someone

cheats

[+heat ]

[+ burn]


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b. Black Treacle

Love metaphors found in this song are love is journey and love is game.

The first is love is journey, the shared concepts are [+ process] and [+

journey]. The second is love is game with the shared concepts [+ play] and [+

lose]. Below are the result of the analysis of the semantic features shown in

the table.

Table 5 Analysis of Metaphor “Now I’m out of place and I’m not getting

any wiser”


Meaing Shared Concept

Now I’m out of

place and I’m not

getting any wiser

The writer feels

like his presence

is not in a

particular place

anymore and does

not feel wiser

The writer feels

like he is not

there anymore in

the relationship

(‘place’ refers to

the ‘relationship’

he is in) because

there is something

wrong in it and in

the process when

he is in the

‘place’

(relationship) it

doesn’t make him

a better man

(wiser)

[+ process]

[+ journey]

The sentence above describes a state of desperation one experiences in

his/her relation with someone. In this metaphor, the man feels like he is not

there (with the girl) anymore (out of place) and by the time he realizes there is

something wrong in his relation with the woman he knows that none of those


53

things he has gone through with the woman makes him a better man (not

getting any wiser). There is a process in his relation with the woman here that

finally makes him realizes something that is not worth fighting for at the end

of the day.

Table 6 Analysis of Metaphor “One of those games you’re gonna lose but

you wanna play it just in case”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

One of those games

you wanna lose but

you wanna play it

just in case

The writer refers to

someone who plays

a game that is

obviously he/ she is

going to lose

The writer refers

to someone who

plays a game of

love called

relationship

which will end up

badly anyway

[+ play]

[+ lose]

Based on OALD game is “an activity or a sport with rules in which

people or teams compete against each other”. The two following words which

indicate the notion of love is game in this part, lose and play, are part of the

game itself. When there is a game there must be something you play in order

to win and not to lose. Therefore, it is very obvious in sentence number 1 that

love is seen as game-related notion of play.

c. The Hellcat Spangled Shalalala

Love metaphors found in this song are love is game and love is physical

force. The first is love is game, the shared concepts are [+ game] and [+


54

playful]. The last is love is physical force with the shared concept [+ force].

Below are the result of the analysis of the semantic features shown in the

table.

Table 7 Analysis of Metaphor “And you’re acting like a stranger cause

you thought it looked like fun”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

And you’re acting

like a stranger


someone who acts as

if she/he doesn’t

know him

The writer refers

to his partner

who pretends like

someone else as a

playful way to

deny his presence

[+ game]

[+ playful]

There are words acting and fun which indicate the notion of game-related

love in the metaphor. Based on OALD acting is “the activity or profession

performing in plays, film/movies, etc” (2010, p. 13). Acting is an act of play

pretend. When a person does an acting he/she plays role which is not his/her

real self. OALD defines fun as “enjoyment, pleasure; a thing that gives

enjoyment or pleasure and makes you happy” (2010, p. 608). When people

have fun they have this sense of enjoyment. The pleasure which triggers the

fun may vary in forms. For example, someone can have a good time (fun) at a

party but some are not. There are people who have fun in their own way, like

reading a book or go to shopping by themselves because they don’t like

surrounded by people.


55

In this metaphor, play pretend (acting like stranger) is considered as

something the woman enjoys to tease the man (cause you thought it looked

like fun). There is a sense of enjoyment in acting like a stranger to the person

she has known before although the man doesn’t feel really comfortable with

the game she plays. The man feels like he is being played by the girl’s action.

Table 8 Analysis of Metaphor “It does a dozen somersault and leaves you

supercharged”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

It does a dozen

somersault and

leaves you

supercharged


something which

makes him do

somersault and it

leaves him

supercharged

The writer refers

to a woman

whose act makes

the man does

something out of

habit like a

dozen

somersault

because the

energy the

woman carried

has a larger force

than him and it

makes him

instantly feeling

supercharged

[+ force]

According to OALD somersault is “a movement in which somebody

turns over completely, with their feet over their head, on the ground or in the

air” (2010, p. 1419). When someone does the somersault it is more like an

acrobatic movement. OALD defines supercharged as “(of an engine)


56

powerful because it is supplied with air or fuel at a pressure that is higher than

normal”, “stronger, more powerful or more effective than usual” (2010, p.

1498). When a person feels supercharged it is on the next level of feeling

charged.

In this metaphor, the way the woman acts (when she flicks a red-hot

revelation) makes the man (as if) he does something out of habit, a dozen

somersault. It is because the energy transferred by the woman has a larger

force than the man. The larger force outside the man’s control that is

resonated by the woman makes him instantly feeling supercharged.

d. Reckless Serenade

One love metaphor found in Reckless Serenade is love is magic. The

shared concepts are [+ hypnotized], [+ spellbound], and [+ beauty]. Below are

the result of the analysis of the semantic features shown in the table.

Table 9 Analysis of Metaphor “Topless models doing semaphore, wave

their flags as she walks by and get ignored”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

Topless models

doing semaphore,

wave their flags as

she walks by and

get ignored

Some models who

don’t wear any top

and do semaphore

get ignored because

there is another

woman who walks

by

The writer refers

to a woman

whose presence

completely steal

everyone’s

attention and

even ignore the

topless models

because of her

[+ hypnotized]

[+ beauty]


57

undeniable

beauty

In this context, the woman has the power to spellbound everyone because

she is capable to distract everyone’s attention even from the topless models

doing Semaphore. According to OALD spellbound is “with your attention

completely held by what you are listening or watching” (2010, p. 1432). It is

obvious that the woman has held everyone’s attention completely just by

watching her because she makes everyone ignoring the topless models as she

walks into the scene.

Table 10 Analysis of Metaphor “Their hypnosis goes unnoticed”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

Their hypnosis

goes unnoticed

The hypnosis given

by particular people

don’t affect

anything

The writer shows

that even with

the presence of

the woman the

hypnosis given

by the topless

models can be

distorted because

they are already

spellbounded by

her beauty

[+ spellbound]

[+ beauty]

Based on OALD hypnosis is “an unconscious state in which somebody

can still see and hear and can be influenced to follow commands or answer

questions (2010, p. 739). It is something that happens in an unconscious part

of human’s thought. In psychology, hypnosis is used a treatment to cure


58

dependence. For example, smoking dependence can be cured by hypnosis. In

this metaphor, even with the presence of the woman the hypnosis given by the

topless models can be distorted because they are already spellbounded by her

beauty.

e. Piledriver waltz

Love metaphors found in Piledriver Waltz are love is physical force and

love is war. The shared concepts in the love is physical force are [+ force] and

[+ disturbing]. Meanwhile, the shared concepts in the love is war are [+

painful] and [+attack].

Table 11 Analysis of Metaphor “I heard the piledriver waltz it woke me

up this morning”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

I heard the

piledriver waltz it

woke me up this

morning

Someone hears a

piledriver waltz and

it wakes him up in

the morning

The writer refers

to the piledriver

waltz as

something

disturbing that

has the power to

wake him up

from his sleeping

and also a form

of the unhappy

ending the man

hears before.

[+ force]

The combination of words piledriver and waltz is contradictory.

Piledriver refers to a harsh wrestling movement and waltz refers to a form of


59

slow dance. Piledriver is defined as “a very heavy kick or blow” based on

OALD (2010, p. 1107). It is a technique usually used in professional

wrestling. According to OALD waltz is “a dance in which two people dance

together to a regular rhythm.” (2010, p. 1671). There are words piledriver and

waltz in the sentence that become a larger force to the man and it affects him.

The piledriver waltz is illustrated as something disturbing that has the power

to wake him up from his sleeping. It is because waltz has lost its literal

meaning, as a dance with slow movement, because combined with word

piledriver. The waltz he is hearing has turned into something with heavy

movement like in a wrestling to an extent it is so disturbing. The piledriver

waltz is also a form of the unhappy ending the man hears before.

Table 12 Analysis of Metaphor “I heard the news that you’re planning to

shoot me out of a cannon”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

I heard the news

that you’re

planning to shoot

me out of a cannon

Someone finds out

that he’s going to be

shot out of a cannon

The writer can

sense that the

woman wants to

get rid of him

from her life by

giving an end to

the relationship

[+ goodbye]

[+ painful]

[+ attack]

The woman wants to get rid of the man by giving an end to the

relationship. In this metaphor, as if the woman plans their goodbye by

shooting him out of a cannon. The sense of attacking the man by shooting


60

him is a form of goodbye and rejection from the woman towards the man. It

is a painful goodbye for the man because he is the one that is got rid of

(attacked/shot) in this metaphor.

f. Love is a Laserquest

Love metaphors found in Love is a Laserquest are love is game, love is

journey, and love is unity of parts. The first is love is game with the shared

concept [+game]. The second is love is journey with the shared concepts [+

process] and [+ journey]. The last is love is unity of parts with the shared

concepts [+ unity] and [+ need]. Below are the result of the analysis of the

semantic features shown in the table.

Table 13 Analysis of Metaphor “And do you think love is a laserquest?”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

And do you think

love is a

laserquest?

The writer refers

love as a laserquest

which is a laser tag

game combines with

classic game of

hide-and-seek and a

high tech twist

The writer

questions his

former lover

about her

perspective of

love as a game

(using game as an

analogy of love)

[+ game]

Laserquest is a laser tag game combines the classic game of

hide-and-seek with a high tech twist (About Laserquest, para. 1). The

equipment use is laser gun to tag the opponent. According to OALD laser

gun is “a piece of equipment which uses a laser to read a bar code or to find


61

out how fast a vehicle or other object is moving” (2010, p. 837). The aim of

the player is to tag their opponents as many times as possible using the laser

gun and the other player avoids being tagged.

Table 14 Analysis of Metaphor “Do you still feel younger than you

thought you would by now?”



Do you still feel

younger than you

thought you

would by now?

The writer

questions

someone whether

he feels younger

or older in the

mean time

The writer

questions his

former lover

related to her

maturity and

wonders if the

woman has

matured or is still

the same old

person like when

she was younger

[+ process]

[+ journey]

There are a lot of questions the man has for the woman in this part of the

lyrics. The questions are related to the change of the woman. The man

wonders if the woman has changed into a maturer person (have you started

feeling old yet) or still the same old person who plays around like a child (feel

younger than you thought you would by now). Change is a part of progress in

one’s relation.


62

Table 15 Analysis of Metaphor “When I’m pipe and slippers and rocking

chair”



When I’m pipe

and slippers and

rocking chair

The writer refers

himself as

someone who

smokes pipe,

wears slippers,

and sits in rocking

chair

The writer sees

himself when he

is old with pipe

and slippers and

rocking chair in

the state of

contemplating

things because he

has been through

a lot of hard times

[+ process]

[+ journey]

According to OALD pipe is “a tube through which liquids and gases can

flow”, “a narrow tube with a bowl at one end, used for smoking tobacco”

(2010, p. 1130). In this metaphor, the pipe refers to a tube used for smoking

tobacco. Slipper is defined as “a loose soft shoe that you wear in the house”

by OALD (2010, p. 1400). Then OALD defines rocking chair as “a chair

with two curved pieces of wood under it that make it move backwards and

forwards” (2010, p. 1282). The usage of rocking chair is usually referred to

elder people. There is a stereotype of older people sit happily on rocking chair.

It is because the activity does bring some peace of mind to them (Watson,

1998, para. 3).

In this metaphor, the combination of words pipe, slippers, and rocking

chair refer to a phase of life when someone just sits at home with one’s pipe

and slippers while sitting on rocking chair because he/she is already old.


63

When I’m pipe and slippers and rocking chair means when he’s already old.

He pictures the time when he gets old he is in the state of contemplating

things because he has been through a lot of hard times while he sings

something sounds nostalgic (singing dreadful songs about summer) that

reminds him of a past time.

Table 16 Analysis of Metaphor “Now I can’t think of air without thinking of

you”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

Now I can’t think

of air without

thinking of you

Someone cannot

think of air without

thinking of another

person

The writer feels

like he cannot

breath without

thinking of the

woman he really

loves even just

for a while

[+ unity]

[+ need]

OALD defines air as “the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth and

that we breathe” (2010, 31). It is one of essential things for human kind. With

the absence of air human cannot breathe and it can lead to death. In this

metaphor, the man feels like he cannot breathe (can’t think of air) without

thinking of the woman. Putting the woman in his thought is just the same as

breathing for him. For him thinking of the woman is very normal and done

automatically just like breathing. It’s a part of him, something normal because

the woman is always there in his mind.


64

g. Suck it and See

Love metaphors found in Suck it and See are love is insanity and love is

an appetizing food. The first love metaphor is love is insanity with the shared

concepts [- sane] and [+ enthusiasm]. The second is love is an appetizing food

with the shared concepts [+ rare] and [+beverage]. Below are the result of the

analysis of the semantic features shown in the table.

Table 17 Analysis of Metaphor “That’s not a skirt girl, that’s a sawn-off

shotgun and I can only hope you’ve got it aimed at me”

Lyrics Literal Meaning Non-literal

meaning

Shared

Concept

That’s not a skirt

girl, that’s a

sawn-off shotgun

and I can only hope

you’ve got it aimed

at me

The writer sees a

skirt in a form of a

sawn-off shotgun

which is a shotgun

with part of its barrel

cut off usually used

in military

He portrays the

skirt that the

girl’s wearing as

deadly as a gun.

He wishes the

woman wants

him as much as

he wants her,

putting aside the

fact that the

woman may not

be good for him.

[- sane]

[+enthusiasm]

Sawn-off shotgun is “a shotgun with part of its barrel cut off” (2010, p.

1313). It is a kind of gun which uses in military. He portrays the skirt that the

girl’s wearing as deadly as a gun. Even though it is deadly, the man still

hopes the gun is being aimed at him. He wishes the woman wants him as

much as he wants her, putting aside the fact that the woman may not be good

for him.


65

Table 18 Analysis of Metaphor “You’re rarer than a can of dandelion

and a burdock”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

You’re rarer than a

can of dandelion

and a burdock

Someone refers to a

person who is rarer

than a type of drink

The writer

describes her

love interest as

someone who is

rarer than a

dandelion and a

burdock, a type

of beverage

which is hard to

find.

[+ rare]

[+ beverage]

According to Pa dandelion and burdock is fermented roots that became a

manufactured fizzy drink of sugar and extracts (para. 7, 2011). The tastes

similar to root beer but it can only be found in British culture. The rareness of

the drink is projected to the description of the woman in the man’s eyes. The

man sees the woman as rare as a dandelion and burdock and that’s what

makes her special. According to Pepsi Mid America postmix is “a softdrink

made on location”. It is mixed with water and CO2 and done through

post-mix dispenser. Post-mix lemonade means carbonated drink with lemon

flavor.

In this metaphor, dandelion and burdock and post-mix lemonade are

being compared. The woman is the dandelion and burdock because she is one

of a kind just like d&b which is rare to find. On the other hand, the other girls


66

that the man sees are just post-mix lemonade, a carbonated drink, which can

be found everywhere and nothing special about it.

h. That’s Where You’re Wrong

Love metaphors found in That’s Where You’re Wrong are love is fire,

love is unity of parts, and love is fluid in a container. The first is love is fire

with the shared concept [+ flame]. The second is love is unity of parts with

the shared concept [+ unity]. The last is love is fluid in a container which

shared concepts included [+ fluid] and [+ container].

Table 19 Analysis of Metaphor “All the old flames fastened on, make a

wish that weighs a tonne”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

All the old flames

fastened on, make a

wish that weighs a

tonne

All the former lovers

fastened on to a

particular person and

make a wish that is

heavy

The writer refers

to a woman who

is his former

lover that has the

capability to still

attract men from

her past,

including him,

and they make

the same wish to

be with her

which is

impossible

because she can

never settle for

someone but

everyone

[+ flame]


67

Old flame is defined as “a former lover” by OALD (p. 1023, 2010). In

this metaphor, the old flame is in plural. It shows that there are so many men

in the woman’s past that finally also fastened on to her. According to OALD

fastened on (to) somebody or something is “to choose or to follow somebody

or something in a determined way.” (p. 538, 2010). The one who is fastened

on usually gives attention to particular thing because he/she considers it is

special. In this case, the woman is seen as something special that can attract

those men, even the men from her past, and the man himself to (choose her)

give their attention. They all personally make the same wish about her, a wish

that feels heavy (weighs a tonne) it is actually impossible to be with her and

be the only one for her because she will never settle for someone but

everyone.

Table 20 Analysis of Metaphor “Don’t take it personally you’re not the

only one”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

Don’t take it

personally you’re

not the only one

Telling someone not

to take something

so personal

The writer

convinces

himself that he is

not the only

because the

woman he loves

doesn’t love him

and plays around

with another

men too

[+ unity]


68

In this metaphor, the man convinces himself that he is not the only

because the woman doesn’t really love him. She plays around with other men

and it makes him feel less special so he doesn’t need to take everything that

woman does to him so personally.The result of the analysis is shown in the

table below.

Table 21 Analysis of Metaphor “I poured my aching heart into a love

song”


Meaning

Shared

Concept

I poured my aching

heart into a love

song

Someone pours his

heartache into a love

song

The writer writes

a sad love song

based on his

painful love

experience to

release his

painful feeling

[+fluid]

[+ container]

The man’s aching heart is the fluid inside the man’s body (container).

The amount of fluid inside the container is overwhelming so it is needed to be

released. The man releases his aching heart into a catharsis. In this metaphor,

the way he copes with his aching heart is by writing a pop song as his

catharsis. At the end of the day, he writes a song about her to deal with his

own feelings.


69

2. The Theme of the Album

The appearances of love insanity in the album found in several song there

included Black Treacle, Piledriver Waltz, Reckless Serenade, She’s

Thunderstorms, Suck It And See, and That’s Where You’re Wrong. Those 6

songs contain the elements of love is insanity. The shared concepts of love is

insanity such as [- sane], [- control], and [+ enthusiasm] reflected in the songs

and the appearances of the shared concepts which represent love is insanity

are frequent compared to elements of other love metaphors.

Love is insanity in Suck It And See portrays a feeling of losing one’s

mind when a person falls in love with a particular person. There is no sanity,

lack of control, yet the feeling of being in love itself gives a sense of

excitement or enthusiasm because we tend to be enthusiastic with the person

we are in love with. For an instance, in the lyric She’s been loop the looping

around my mind, indicates a sense of lack of control because the man who

falls in love with the woman cannot help but keep on thinking about her

making him loses his sanity. The shared concepts [-sane] and [-control] are

found in the lyrics.

The two most frequent love metaphors found in the album are love is

game and love is journey. The shared concepts in love is game are [+ play],

[+lose], [+playful]. Love is game in this album indicates a kind of love that is

all about losing and winning which come along with the painful feeling in

losing the game of love, and the fun in winning or taking control the game of


70

love. For an instance in lyric And you’re acting like a stranger because you

thought it looked like fun indicates the fun in playing with one’s feeling.

Similar to love is insanity, there is a sense of excitement in this metaphor

but in a different form. Meanwhile, the shared concepts of love is journey is

[+process] and [+journey]. Love is journey here indicates a kind of love in

one’s relationship and one’s relation with himself which involve a process of

changing in the journey of the relationship. For example in the lyric When I’m

pipe and slippers and rocking chair singing dreadful songs about summer, an

indication of love is journey is shown in one’s relation between himself in the

past and in the now. There is a changing of heart in a form of acceptance to

deal with past’s wound. There is a sense of helplessness in dealing with the

change that happens in the process. Similar to love is insanity that indicates a

lack of control over something that has happened.

The third most frequent love metaphors found in the album are love is

fire, love is physical force, love is magic, love is unity of parts. First, the

shared concepts in love is fire is [+ heat], [+ burn], [+flame]. Love is fire in

this album shows an intense burning sensation when dealing with a person

one’s infatuated with, even from the past. In the lyric All the old flames

fastened on, make a wish that weighs a tonne shows a strong attraction

between a woman and his past lovers because she is that attractive making all

his past lovers still feel the burning inside them to be with her although it is

impossible. Just like love is insanity and love is game there is an element of

excitement in dealing with someone in this love metaphor.


71

The second, in love is physical force the shared concepts are [+ force]

and [+ disturbing]. This type of love metaphor shows a kind of force that

affects one’s psychological being, like someone’s action or movement. For

example in the lyric It does a dozen sommersault and leaves you

supercharged shows an indication of being affected after seeing someone’s

action, who is the woman the man is in love with. Love is physical force also

shows similar indication like love is insanity in term of excitement and

helplessness, love is game in term of excitement, love is magic in term of

helplessness because of one’s beauty, and love is natural force in term of

force which can affect and blow one’s mind.

The third, love is magic has the shared concepts [+ beauty], [+

hypnotized], and [+ spellbound]. It shows one’s helplessness because of

witnessing the beauty of someone, especially a woman, which has a power to

hypnotize one’s mind. For example, the lyric Topless models doing

semaphore, wave their flags as she walks by and get ignored indicates a

beauty which has the quality to steal everyone’s attention, it has the capability

to hypnotize them to focus on her only. This love metaphor share similarities

with love is insanity and love is fire in term of excitement and helplessness in

dealing with someone’s beauty, love is physical force and natural force in

term of force which has the power to move someone not just physically but

beyond that.

The last love metaphor in this part is love is unity of parts with the shared

concepts [+ unity] and [+ need]. The shared concepts in love is unity of parts


72

show an indication of someone who struggles with the idea of being united or

connected with his significant other. For an instance, the lyric Now I can’t

think of air without thinking of you portrays the need of someone in

connecting with the other person he is in love with. This indication shows

similarities to love is insanity in term of lacking in control of one’s own

feelings like a sign of helplessness.

The least frequent love metaphors found in the album are love is war,

love is natural force, love is appetizing food, love is fluid in a container. The

first love metaphor is love is war with the shared concepts [+ goodbye], [+

painful], [+ attack]. Love is war in this context of album portrays a sense of

attacking to get rid of someone because he is not wanted anymore in the

someone’s life. An example comes from the lyric I heard the news that

you’re planning to shoot me out of a cannon which shows a sense of

attacking by shooting a man as a form of goodbye and rejection. This love

metaphor share similarities with love is game in term of losing and winning a

battle of love.

The second is love is natural force with the shared concept [+ power]. It

portrays a depiction of something as powerful as natural events, like

thunderstorms. An example is taken from the lyric She’s thunderstorms which

tells a description of a woman as if she is as powerful as a series of

thunderstorms, not just a single thunderstorm. The love metaphor shares

similarities with love is insanity in term of helplessness and love is magic in

term of mesmerized by particular beauty.


73

The third is love is appetizing food with the shared concepts [+ rare] and

[+ beverage]. This type of love metaphor gives a portrayal of someone in a

projection of a tasty rare beverage. For an instance, You’re rare than a can of

dandelion and burdock and those girls are just post-mix lemonade, shows a

portrayal of a woman who is very special in a man’s eyes and he sees her as a

type of rare and tasty beverage called dandelion and burdock and she is

nothing compared to other girls who are merely portrayed as a common

carbonated drink. Love is an appetizing food has similarities to love is magic

in term of beauty which is rare and that’s what makes it special and

hypnotizing.

The last is love is fluid in a container with the shared concepts [+ fluid]

and [+ container]. It shows that someone’s aching heart is a fluid and the

body serves as the container. An example taken from the lyric I poured my

aching heart into a love song which contains the notion of aching heart as the

fluid and container as the body, so the aching heart is needed to be cured by

releasing it into (writing) a pop song as a catharsis of broken heart. This type

of metaphor shares similarities to love is insanity in term of helplessness in

dealing with the intense painful feeling of broken heart.

It can be concluded that from the most frequent appearance, love is

insanity, plays a major role in the album Suck It And See and the shared

concepts it carries mainly relate with other types of love metaphors.

Therefore, the theme of the album is “The helplessness of being deeply in

love” which is determined from the most frequent appearance of love


74

metaphor: love is insanity. The album mainly talks about being in love and to

some extreme infatuated with a beautiful woman with strong personality

which drives the man crazy. It highlights the undeniable excitement and

frustration caused by the feeling of love the man experiences.


75

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION

The conclusion of the analysis in the previous chapter is presented in this

chapter. After analyzing 8 songs from Arctic Monkeys’ album Suck It And

See, 36 metaphoric expression are found and classified into 11 types of love

metaphors. Those types of love metaphors are: love is insanity, love is

journey, love is fire, love is game, love is natural force, love is physical force,

love is magic, love is war, love is unity of parts, love is an appetizing food,

and love is fluid in a container.

In order to have a thorough understanding of the usage of each love

metaphor semantic features analysis is conducted. The literal and non-literal

meaning of each metaphor are defined to find the shared concepts. By finding

the shared concepts helping the researcher to determine the specific theme of

the album.

Before determining the specific theme of the album, the researcher needs

to find out which love metaphor appears the most in the album. Finding out

the frequency of appearance of each love metaphor is helpful to find out the

general theme of the album. The most appeared love metaphor is love is

insanity with shared concepts [- sane], [- control], [+ enthusiasm]. The shared

concepts it carries mostly relate with other types of love metaphors.

Finally, the theme of the album is determined through the most frequent

appearance of love metaphor: love is insanity. The theme of the album is


76

“The helplessness of being deeply in love”. The album is mainly about

the excitement and frustration which comes along with the feeling of being in

love.

The present study aims to facilitate further analysis in giving broader

insight about specific type of metaphor like love metaphor especially in song

lyrics of an album. By analyzing the theme of an album song through the

metaphor, the researcher intends to depict the real message which is wanted

to be delivered by the writer of the songs. Hopefully, in the future, this study

is continued to be conducted with more theories and references applied in the

analysis to get a deeper and more thorough understanding.


77

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Chomsky, Noam. (1986). Knowledge of Language: Its Nature, Origin, and Use.

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Finch, Geoffrey. (2005). Key Concepts in Language and Linguistics. Hampshire:

Palgrave Macmillan.

Forey, Gail. (2002). Aspects of Theme and Their Role in

Workplace Texts (Ph.D Dissertation) Retrieved from

http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5385/1/2002ForeyPhDv1.pdf

Frawley, William (1992). Lingustics Semantics. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Goatly, Andrew. (1997). The Language of Metaphors. London: Routledge.

Guerra, Jon. (2015). What is a song anyway? Retrieved from

http://www.jonguerramusic.com/blog/2015/5/6/what-is-a-song-anyway

Hogan, Marc. (2011). Suck It And See Album Review. Retrieved from

https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/15450-suck-it-and-see/

Heasley, B., Hurford, J., & Smith, B. (2007). Semantics: a Coursebook.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Jancke, Lutz. (2012). The Relationship between Language and Music. Retrieved

from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3338120/

Jax 25. (2012). Those Other Bands are Just Post-mix Lemonade. Retrieved from

https://jax25.wordpress.com/tag/arctic-monkeys/

Kennedy, M., Kennedy, J., & Rutherford-Johnson, T. Oxford Dictionary of Music

(6th ed). (2012). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kovecses, Zoltan. (2003). Metaphor and Emotion: Language, Culture, and Body

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Lakoff, George, & Mark Johnson. (2003). Metaphors We Live By. Chicago:

Chicago University Press.

Oxford Avanced Learner’s Dictionary (8th ed). (2010). Oxford: Oxford University

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Watson, Nancy. (1998). As Elders Rock, Emotional Budern of Dementia Eases.

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https://www.rochester.edu/news/show.php?id=185

79

APPENDICES

Appendix 1: Lyrics of Arctic Monkeys’ Suck It And See Album

1. She’s Thunderstorms

She's thunderstorms

Lying on her front, up against the wall

She's thunderstorms

I've been feeling foolish, you should try it

She came and substituted the peace and quiet for

Acrobatic blood flow concertina

Cheating heartbeat, rapid fire

She's thunderstorms


She's thunderstorms

Here is your host, sounds as if she's pretty close

When the heat starts growing horns

She's thunderstorms
















80

She's been loop-the-looping around my mind

Her motorcycle boots give me this kind of

Acrobatic blood concertina

Cheating heartbeat, rapid fire

She's thunderstorms


She's thunderstorms

In an unusual place, when you're feeling far away

She does what the night does to the day

She's thunderstorms


She's thunderstorms, thunderstorms, thunderstorms

2. Black Treacle

Lately I've been seeing things, belly button piercings

In the sky at night when we're side by side

And I don't mean to rain on anybody's cabroilet

One of those games you're gonna lose

But you wanna play it, just in case





















81

Now it's getting dark and the sky looks sticky

More like black treacle than tar

Black treacle

Somebody told the stars you're not coming out tonight

And so they found a place to hide

Does it help you stay up late? Does it help you concentrate?

Does it tune you in when you chew your chin?

Am I ruining your fun?

And you talk the talk alright

But do you walk the walk or catch the train?

You wanted it, you got it, but you don't want it now

Now it's getting dark and the sky looks sticky

More like black treacle than tar

Black treacle

Somebody told the stars you're not coming out tonight

And so they found a place to hide

Now I'm out of place and I'm not getting any wiser

I feel like the Sundance Kid behind a synthesizer

And I tried last night to pack away your laugh





















82

Like a key under the mat

But it never seems to be there when you want it

Black treacle

Black treacle

Black treacle

3. Hellcat Spangled Shalalala

Just when things are getting complicated in the eye of the storm

She flicks a red-hot revelation off the tip of her tongue

It does a dozen somersaults and leaves you supercharged

Makes me wanna blow the candles out

Just to see if you glow in the dark

Shalalala, shalalala


Home sweet home, home sweet home, home sweet booby-trap

I took the batteries out my mysticism

And put 'em in my thinking cap

She's got a telescopic hallelujah hanging up on her wall

For when it gets too complicated in the eye of the storm
















83



Oh, oh-oh-oh

And in a hellcat spangled cavern

When your judgement's on the run

And you're acting like a stranger

'Cause you thought it looked like fun

And did you ever get the feeling

That these are things she's said before?

Her steady hands may well have done the devil's pedicure

What you waiting for? Sing another fucking shalalala


Shalalala

4. Reckless Serenade

Topless models doing Semaphore

Wave their flags as she walks by and get ignored

Illuminations on a rainy day

When she walks, her footsteps sing a reckless serenade



















84

I've been trying to figure out exactly what it is I need

Called up to listen to the voice of reason

And got the answering machine

The type of kisses where teeth collide

When she laughs, the heavens hum a stun gun lullaby

Those twinkling vixens with the shining spiral eyes

Their hypnosis goes unnoticed when she's walking by

I've been trying to figure out exactly what it is I need

Called up to listen to the voice of reason

And got the answering machine

I left my message but did he fuck get back to me

And now I'm stuck still wondering how it's meant to be

Singing a reckless serenade, reckless serenade

Reckless serenade, reckless serenade

Reckless serenade, reckless serenade

Reckless serenade


















85

5. Piledriver Waltz

I etched the face of a stopwatch on the back of a raindrop

And did a swap for the sand in an hourglass

I heard an unhappy ending, it sort of sounds like you leaving

I heard the piledriver waltz, it woke me up this morning

You look like you've been for breakfast at the heartbreak hotel

And sat in the back booth by the pamphlets

And the literature on how to lose

Your waitress was miserable and so was your food

If you're gonna try and walk on water

Make sure you wear your comfortable shoes

Mysteries flashing amber go green when you answer

But the red on the rest of the questionnaire never changes

I heard the news that you're planning

To shoot me out of a cannon

I heard the piledriver waltz, it woke me up this morning

You look like you've been for breakfast at the heartbreak hotel

And sat in the back booth by the pamphlets

And the literature on how to lose

Your waitress was miserable and so was your food













86

If you're gonna try and walk on water

Make sure you wear your comfortable shoes

Oh-oh, oh-oh

Piledriver

6. Love Is A Laserquest

[Verse 1]

Do you still feel younger than you thought you would by now

Or darling, have you started feeling old yet?

Don't worry, I'm sure that you're still breaking hearts

With the efficiency that only youth can harness

And do you still think love is a laserquest

Or do you take it all more seriously?

I've tried to ask you this in some daydreams that I've had

But you're always busy being make-believe

And do you look into the mirror to remind yourself you're there

Or have somebody's goodnight kisses got that covered?

When I'm not being honest

I pretend that you were just some lover














87

Now I can't think of there without thinking of you

I doubt that comes as a surprise

And I can't think of anything to dream about

I can't find anywhere to hide

And when I'm hanging on by the rings around my eyes

And I convince myself I need another

And for a minute, it gets easy

To pretend that you were just some lover

When I'm pipe and slippers and rocking chair

Singing dreadful songs about summer

Will I have found a better method of

Pretending you were just some lover?

Will I have found a better method of

Pretending you were just some lover?

7. Suck It And See

Your love is like a studded leather headlock

Your kiss, it could put creases in the rain

You're rarer than a can of dandelion and burdock

And those other girls are just post-mix lemonade
















https://genius.com/Arctic-monkeys-suck-it-and-see-lyrics#note-293537




88

Suck it and see, you never know

Sit next to me before I go

Jigsaw women with horror movie shoes

Be cruel to me 'cause I am a fool for you

I poured my aching heart into a pop song

I couldn't get the hang of poetry

That's not a skirt, girl, that's a sawn-off shotgun

And I can only hope you've got it aimed at me


Sit next to me before I go


Be cruel to me 'cause I am a fool for

Blue moon girls from once upon a Shangri-La

How I often wonder where you are

You have got that face that just says

"Baby, I was made to break your heart", oh-oh-oh


Sit next to me before I go, go, go, go




















89


Be cruel to me 'cause I am a fool for you

8. That’s Where You’re Wrong

A pussyfooting setting sun

Make a wish that weighs a tonne

There are no handles for you to hold

And no understanding where it goes

Jealousy in technicolor

Fear by name, love by numbers

Street lamp amber, wanderlust

Powder in a blunderbuss

She looks as if she's blowing a kiss at me

And suddenly the sky is a-sizzle

Sitting on the floor with a tambourine

Crushing up a bundle of love

Don't take it so personally

You're not the only one

That time has got it in for, honey

That's where you're wrong


















90

All the old flames fastened on

Make a wish that weighs a tonne

There are no handles you can hold

And no understanding where it goes

She looks as if she's blowing a kiss at me

And suddenly the sky is a-sizzle

Sitting on the floor with a tambourine

Crushing up a bundle of love

Don't take it so personally

You're not the only one

That time has got it in for, honey




Oh, oh-oh, oh-oh, oh

Oh, oh-oh, oh-oh, oh-oh, oh-oh












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Appendix 2: Elaboration of Love is Insanity Found In Arctic Monkeys’

Suck It And See

1. She’s Thunderstorms

a. She came and substituted the peace and quiet for acrobatic blood flow

concertina

The powerful presence of the woman profoundly describes in the next

sentence. The woman has the power to switch “the peace and quiet” for

“acrobatic blood flow concertina”. According to OALD the peace and quiet

is “the state of being calm or quiet” (2010, p. 1080). Meanwhile, according to

OALD acrobatic is “involving or performing difficult acts or movements

with the body” (2010, p. 13) and concertina is “a musical instrument like a

small accordion, that you hold in both hands. You press the ends together and

pull them apart to produce sounds.” The combination of acrobatic, blood flow

and concertina explaining the presence of the woman which makes the blood

rushes intensely like a combination of seeing something acrobatic and

listening to a concertina being pressed and pulled altogether. The situation

which is peace and quiet before becomes suddenly intense (acrobatic) and

musical (concertina). There are senses of excitement and lack of control

because of the intensity in the presence of the woman which drives him

insane.





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b. Her motorcycle boots give me this kind of acrobatic blood flow concertina

The woman is described wearing motorcycle boots. It is obvious that

what the woman wears is something which also draws attention. According to

OALD boot is “a strong shoe that covers the foot and ankle and often the

lower part of the leg”. The impression of someone wearing boots is strong

and bold as described in the dictionary, just like the boot itself. The kind of

boots that the woman uses is motorcycle boots and it gives a sense of

masculinity, sexiness, and fierceness at the same time because it is not a

fashion item that women often use. The woman’s confident in choosing what

she wears also fascinates the man making his blood rushes intensely like

doing an acrobatic and listening to a concertina at the same time.

2. Black Treacle

a. Lately I've been seeing things, belly button piercings in the sky at night

when we're side by side

In this part, the presence of someone in a way it affects how one’s mind

works. According to Cambridge Dictionary of American Idioms seeing things

is “to imagine something is present or happening when it is not“ (2003, p.

425). The existence of someone makes the brain works in a different way

(unable to function normally) to an extent it doesn’t make sense anymore:

what the man sees. Belly button piercings is what he sees when he’s side by

side with the woman he is in love with while looking at the sky. The man




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hallucinates as if he sees belly button piercings in the sky when the woman is

by his side. It gives an understanding that the presence of the woman affects

the man’s clarity in seeing things because in the actual sky there is no belly

button piercings.

b. Now it's getting dark and the sky looks sticky more like black treacle than

tar

The appearance of the sky is described here. As it gets late the sky looks

like black treacle. According to OALD treacle is “a thick black sweet sticky

liquid produced when sugar is refined” (2010, p. 1592). Even though the

night sky is dark but it is not something purely dark, it has something sweet in

it just like black treacle compared to tar. Tar is “a thick black sticky liquid

that becomes hard when cold” (2010, p. 1527). The color of the tar is also

black and the texture is the same, sticky. What makes them different is the

flavor. Black treacle has a hint of sweetness and used in cooking, meanwhile,

tar is pure bitter because it is obtained from coal and used in making roads.

The dark sky represents the bitter sweet feeling of the man towards the

woman when they’re together.

3. Reckless Serenade

a. She flicks a red-hot revelation off the tip of her tongue

OALD defines flick as “to hit something with a sudden quick movement,

especially using your finger and thumb together, or your hand” (2010, p. 569).





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When someone flicks something it is done by sudden quick movement to get

rid of particular object like when you flick the dust off your shirt. The tail of a

horse also flicking when there are flies. Another example is when someone

flicks a peanut (an object) at the other. Based on OALD red-hot is “new,

exciting and of great interest to people” (2010, p. 1232). Something red-hot

can be an issue that draws people attention. For example, a recent red-hot

issue is about Industrial Revolution 4.0. A gossip can be considered as a

red-hot issue too because it is something new to the people that are being

exposed to the information and it makes them excited to the discuss about it

more. Meanwhile, revelation is “a fact that people are made aware of,

especially one that has been secret and is surprising” according to OALD

(2010, p. 1266). It is to make people aware of any particular issue. A scandal

can be an example for something that has not been revealed before and once it

is being found out then it becomes a revelation for those who don’t know.

In this metaphor, the woman portrays as someone who loves to tell

something which drives one’s mind crazy. The way she tells the man about

something he doesn’t know before (red-hot revelation) drives him insane.

The words (in a form of revelation) she throws (flicks) at him makes his heart

ponders because of the excitement and the restlessness at the same time.

b. When she walks, her footsteps sing a reckless serenade

This sentence gives a sense of admiration on a different level. He can

even hear a serenade comes from her footsteps. It is portrayed as reckless



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because the beauty that the woman offers is a rare kind of beauty that even

something considers as a handicap is still beautiful for her. Her beauty

doesn’t offer perfection and that’s what makes her beautiful. The

imperfection is actually what makes her perfectly beautiful like a serenade, a

reckless one.

c. When she laughs, the heavens hum a stun gun lullaby

In this line, the man perceives the woman’s laugh as something as

paralyzing as a stun gun and heavenly as a lullaby. According to OALD stun

gun is “a weapon that makes a person or an animal unconscious or unable to

move for a short time, usually by giving them a small electric shock” (2010, p.

1485). For a split second, the laugh of the woman is capable to paralyze

everyone in the room because it is so beautiful. Meanwhile, lullaby is “a soft

gentle song sung to make a child go to sleep” defined by OALD (2010, p.

888). Not just paralyzing but the laugh is also heavenly because it is so soft

and gentle just like a lullaby. In other words, the lullaby that is hummed by

the laugh of the woman sounds like a stun gun. It comes out gently but

paralyzing.

d. The type of kisses where teeth collide

This part illustrates the man’s insane experience when he kisses the

woman. OALD defines collide as “crash into each other” (2010, p. 279).

Collide is synonymous with crash. For example, if two people, vehicle, etc.

collide, they crash into each other. The kiss he has experienced with the




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woman is so passionate, intense and rough as if their teeth could crash into

each other while kissing.

4. Suck It And See

a. Your love is like studded leather headlock

According to OALD studded is “decorated with small raised piece of

metal” (2010, p. 1484). For example, a studded leather belt. Leather is one of

materials that is often decorated with studs. OALD defines headlock is “(in

wrestling) a way of holding an opponent’s head so that they cannot move”

(2010, p. 693). Headlock is used to make the opponent helpless by making

them unmoving.

In this metaphor, the love of the woman is illustrated as something as

deadly as a headlock. The act of headlock is done not by hands but a studded

leather. It gives a more intense sensation because the love feels like your

head being headlocked by a studded leather. The kind of love which drives

one’s insane.

b. Your kiss, it could put creases in the rain

OALD defines kiss as “to touch somebody with your lips as a sign of

love, affection, sexual desire, etc, or when saying hello or goodbye” (2010, p.

822). According to OALD crease is “ an untidy line that is made in cloth or

paper when it is pressed or crushed” (2010, 344). In this metaphor, the kiss


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the woman gives to the man has the power over the man. How the kiss gives

the man such an impact describes as something that even the rain could be

affected by it.

c. Jigsaw women with horror movie shoes, be cruel to me cause I’m a fool for

you

According to OALD cruel is “having a desire to cause pain and

suffering” (2010, p. 353). In this metaphor, the man is being cruel to himself

by being a fool for the woman. The one who is allowed to be cruel to him is

the woman because he falls head over heels with the woman, so, everything

that she does seems just right, even though, it’s not right.

d. You have got that face that just says “Baby I was made to break your

heart”

The man sees the woman as someone who is capable to break everyone’s

heart because of the beauty she possesses (there is word face to describe the

woman’s ability to breaking heart). The description of the woman is very

physical here. Someone’s physical features that can drive one’s mind crazy

by breaking everyone’s heart.


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5. That’s Where You Are Wrong

a. There are no handles for you to hold and no understanding where it goes

In this metaphor, the man talks to himself. The you refers to himself.

He’s having a self-talk contemplating what is actually going on. He becomes

clueless (no handles for you to hold, no understanding where it goes) because

of the woman’s presence and how he feels about her.

b. Jealousy in technicolor, feared by name, loved by number

According to OALD jealous is “feeling angry because somebody you

like or love is showing interest in somebody else” (p. 802, 2010). Jealousy

itself is the feeling of jealous. In this metaphor, the name refers to the men the

woman plays around with and the number refers to the amount of the men.

The woman is feared and loved by many guys including the man himself.

That’s what makes him jealous, those other guys the woman plays around

with.

c. She looks as if she's blowing a kiss at me and suddenly the sky is a scissor

According to OALD as if is “in a way that suggests something” (p. 70,

2010). The man feels like the woman blows a kiss for him and it drives him

crazy (making his vision captures scissor in the sky because of the kiss). It

obviously the woman toys with him because it’s only as if. In this metaphor,

the portrayal of the woman can blow one’s mind even just with her playful

gesture that looks like as if she blows a kiss at the man.



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Appendix 3: Table of Semantic Features in Love is Insanity


Meaning

Shared

Concept

She came and

substituted the

peace and quiet

for acrobatic

blood flow

concertina

Someone whose

presence brings

something other

than peace and

quiet

The combination of

acrobatic, blood flow

and concertina

explaining the

presence of the

woman which makes

the blood rushes

intensely like a

combination of

seeing something

acrobatic and

listening to a

concertina being

pressed and pulled

altogether. The

situation which is

peace and quiet

before becomes

suddenly intense

(acrobatic) and

musical (concertina).

[- sane]

[+ enthusiasm]

Her motorcycle

boots give me this

kind of acrobatic

blood flow

concertina

Someone’s

motorcycle boots

give the writer and

acrobatic blood

flow concertina

The kind of boots

that the woman uses

is motorcycle boots

and it gives a sense of

masculinity, sexiness,

and fierceness at the

same time because it

is not a fashion item

that women often

use. The woman’s

confident in choosing

what she wears also

fascinates the man

making his blood

rushes intensely like

doing an acrobatic

and listening to a

[- sane]

[- control]

[+ enthusiasm]


100

concertina at the

same time.

Lately I've been

seeing things,

belly button

piercings in the

sky at night when

we're side by side

The writer sees

belly button

piercings in the sky

when he’s with

someone

The man hallucinates

as if he sees belly

button piercings in

the sky when the

woman is by his side.

It gives an

understanding that

the presence of the

woman affects the

man’s clarity in

seeing things because

in the actual sky there

is no belly button

piercings.

[- sane]

[- control]

[+ enthusiasm]

Now it's getting

dark and the sky

looks sticky more

like black treacle

than tar

The sky looks

sticky like black

treacle

The dark sky

represents the bitter

sweet feeling of the

man towards the

woman when they’re

together, just like tar

which is bitter in

flavor and black

treacle which is

sweet.

[- sane]

She flicks a

red-hot revelation

off the tip of her

tongue

A girl’s tongue

flicks a red-hot

revelation

The woman portrays

as someone who

loves to tell

something which

drives one’s mind

crazy. The way she

tells the man about

something he doesn’t

know before (red-hot

revelation) drives

him insane. The

words (in a form of

revelation) she

throws (flicks) at him

makes his heart

ponders because of

the excitement and

[- sane]

[- control]

















101

the restlessness at the

same time.

When she walks,

her footsteps sing

a reckless

serenade

A girl’s footsteps

sing a reckless

serenade

The writer can hear

something as

beautiful as a

serenade comes from

the girl’s footsteps. It

is portrayed as

reckless because the

beauty that the

woman offers is a

rare kind of beauty

that even something

considers as a

handicap is still

beautiful for her.

[- sane]

[+ enthusiasm]

When she laughs,

the heavens hum

a stun gun lullaby

A girl’s laugh

makes heaven hum

a lullaby

The man perceives

the woman’s laugh as

something as

paralyzing as a stun

gun and heavenly as

a lullaby.

[- sane]

[+ enthusiasm]

The type of kisses

where teeth

collide

Kisses that could

make one’s teeth

crash

The kiss the writer

has experienced with

the woman is so

passionate, intense

and rough as if their

teeth could crash into

each other while

kissing.

[- sane]

[- control]

[+ enthusiasm]

Your love is like

studded leather

headlock

Someone’s love

look like a studded

leather headlock

The love of the

woman is illustrated

as something as

deadly as a headlock.

The act of headlock

is done not by hands

but a studded leather.

It gives a more

intense sensation

because the love feels

like your head being

[- sane]

[- control]












102

headlocked by a

studded leather.

Your kiss, it could

put creases in the

rain

Someone’s kiss

ould put creases in

the rain

The kiss the woman

gives to the man has

the power over the

man. How the kiss

gives the man such

an impact describes

as something that

even the rain could

be affected by it.

[- sane]

[- control]

Jigsaw women

with horror movie

shoes, be cruel to

me cause I’m a

fool for you

The writer tells a

woman to be cruel

to him because he

is a fool

The man is being

cruel to himself by

being a fool for the

woman. The one who

is allowed to be cruel

to him is the woman

because he falls head

over heels with the

woman, so,

everything that she

does seems just right,

even though, it’s

wrong.

[- sane]

[- control]

You have got that

face that just says

“Baby I was

made to break

your heart”

Someone’s face

says “Baby I was

made to break your

heart”

The man sees the

woman as someone

who is capable to

break everyone’s

heart because of the

beauty she possesses,

that can drive one’s

mind crazy by

breaking everyone’s

heart.

[- sane]

[- control]

There are no

handles for you to

hold and no

understanding

where it goes

No handles to be

hold by someone

and no where to go

The man talks to

himself. The you

refers to himself.

He’s having a

self-talk

contemplating what

[- sane]

[- control]


103

is actually going on.

He becomes clueless

(no handles for you

to hold, no

understanding where

it goes) because of

the woman’s

presence and how he

feels about her

Jealousy in

technicolor,

feared by name,

loved by number

Jealousy has

colors, feared and

loved by some

people

The name refers to

the men the woman

plays around with

and the number refers

to the amount of the

men. The woman is

feared and loved by

many guys including

the man himself.

That’s what makes

him jealous, those

other guys the

woman plays around

with.

[- sane]

[- control]

She looks as if

she's blowing a

kiss at me and

suddenly the sky

is a scissor

A girl blows a kiss

to the writer and

the sky becomes a

scissor

The portrayal of the

woman can blow

one’s mind even just

with her playful

gesture that looks like

as if she blows a kiss

at the man.

[- sane]

[- control]

[+ enthusiasm]







104

Appendix 4: Summary of Love Metaphor Appearance Frequency in the

Album

No.

Type of Love

Metaphor

Song Title Frequency

1. Love is insanity Black Treacle, She’s

Thunderstorms, Reckless

Serenade, Suck It And

See, That’s Where You’re

Wrong

18x

2. Love is game Black Treacle, Hellcat

Spangled Shalalala, Love

Is a Laserquest

3x

3. Love is journey Black Treacle, Love Is a

Laserquest

3x

4. Love is fire She’s Thunderstorms,

That’s Where You’re

Wrong

2x

5. Love is physical force Hellcat Spangled

Shalalala, Piledriver

Waltz

2x


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6. Love is magic Reckless Serenade 2x

7. Love is unity of parts Love is a Laserquest,

That’s Where You’re

Wrong

2x

8. Love is natural force She’s Thunderstorms 1x

9.. Love is war Piledriver Waltz 1x

10. Love is appetizing

food

Suck It And See 1x

11. Love is fluid in a

container

Suck It And See 1x

From the table above love is captive animal, love is war, love is

appetizing food, and love is fluid in a container are the least metaphors appear

in the album with total one time appearance. Following the appearance of

love is fire, love is magic, and love is unity of parts with total of appearance 2

times. After that, there are love is game and love is journey with total of

appearance 3 times. Finally, the most appeared love metaphor in the album is

love is insanity with total 18 times of appearance.


theme reflected from love metaphor found in …the song of arctic monkeys’ album entitled suck it...

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