the world conservation union countdown 2010 sebastian winkler iucn – international union for the...

The World Conservation Union

Countdown 2010Sebastian WinklerIUCN – International Union for the Conservation of Nature


Biodiversity =

Species,

Genes and

Ecosystems

Life on Earth


Drivers of BD Loss• Land-use change and other habitat

transformation; • The rapidly increasing impacts of climate

change.

• The introduction of invasive alien species;

• Desertification and degradation in dry and sub-humid lands;

• The multiple drivers of change to inland water ecosystems;

• Increasing nutrient loading in ecosystems, and;

• The consequences of over-fishing


16 EU HeadlinesECOSYSTEM INTEGRITY, GOODS AND SERVICES• Marine trophic index• Connectivity/fragmentation of ecosystems• Water quality in aquatic ecosystems

SUSTAINABLE USE• Area of ecosystems under sustainable management

–Forest–Agriculture–Fishery–Aquaculture

• Ecological footprint

STATUS AND TRENDS OF COMPONENTS OF BIODIVERSITY• Trends in extent of selected biomes, ecosystems, habitats• Coverage of protected areas• Trends in abundance and distribution of selected species• Change in status of threatened and/or protected species• Trends in genetic diversity of domesticated animals, cultivated plants, fish species of major socioeconomic importance

THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY• Nitrogen deposition• Numbers and costs of invasive alien species (Trends in invasive alien species)• Impact of climate change

+ Funding to biodiversity+ Public awareness & participation+ Patent applications


… and 26 specific indicators

1. Abundance and distribution of selected species 14. Fragmentation of river systems

2. Red List Index for European species15. Nutrients in transitional, coastal and marine waters

3. Species of European interest 16. Freshwater quality

4. Ecosystem coverage 17. Forest: Growing stock, increment and fellings

5. Habitats of European interest 18. Forest: Deadwood

6. Livestock genetic diversity 19. Agriculture: Nitrogen balance

7. Nationally designated protected areas 20. Agriculture: Area under management practices potentially supporting biodiversity

8. Sites designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives

21. Fisheries: European commercial fish stocks

9. Critical load exceedance for nitrogen22. Aquaculture: Effluent water quality from finfish farms

10. Invasive alien species in Europe 23. Ecological Footprint of European countries

11. Occurrence of temperature-sensitive species24. Patent applications based on genetic resources

12. Marine Trophic Index of European seas 25. Financing biodiversity management

13. Fragmentation of natural and semi-natural areas 26. Public awareness


Global terrestrial biodiversity development by major biomes, from 1700 to 2050COPI : MSA statistics indicate that in the “Policy Inaction” scenario :- Global objective (significant reduction in rate of loss) unlikely by 2050 Stricter European goal (halting further loss ) unlikely by 2050


Level of Biodiversity in the World in 2000Using Mean Species Abundance (MSA) indicator

Remaining MSA in %

Source: Ben ten Brink (MNP) presentation at the Workshop: The Economics of the Global Loss of Biological Diversity 5-6 March 2008, Brussels, Belgium.


Source: Ben ten Brink (MNP) presentation at the Workshop: The Economics of the Global Loss of Biological Diversity 5-6 March 2008, Brussels, Belgium.

Level of Biodiversity in the World in 2050One Scenario of the future : OECD/Globio

Remaining MSA in %


(COPI, Fig 4.2 ) Rate of yearly terrestrial biodiversity loss (MSA %-points) for different periods. Mean Species Abundance (MSA) 2000 and Predictions 2050


A load of issues…

and few easy

answers


The 2010 Biodiversity Target

“that biodiversity decline should be

halted with the aim of reaching this objective by 2010“

Presidency Conclusions of the EU Summit in Göteborg, 2001

“to achieve, by 2010, a significant reduction of the current rate of biodiversity loss at the global, regional and national levels as a contribution to poverty alleviation and to the benefit of all life on earth”

Decision VI/26 CBD Strategic Plan 2002


World leaders agreed to several other important targets at the 2005 World Summit. I recommend the incorporation of these commitments into the Millennium Development Goals. This includes: [...] a new target under Goal 7: to “Significantly reduce the rate of loss of biodiversity by 2010”.

Kofi Annan, Sept 1, 2006


Biodiversity as a local issue

Regions and Municipalities are active partners of the Countdown 2010 network

Business is engaging around the 2010 challenge

More than 700 partners working on the 2010 target

The movement is spreading to …– Finland; Hungary; Italy; The

Netherlands; Norway; Portugal; Sweden; UK

– Asia, South America, Southern Africa … and you?


Europe: Countdown 2010

European Commission: Biodiversity Communication and Action Plan

Presidencies focus on specific issues– Climate Change– Development Cooperation– Marine Conservation– Business and Biodiversity– Forests– Scientific mechanisms

Each partner contributes in his capacity– Innovative projects often in cooperation

Readiness Assessment



is hard to measure

fails to set priorities

is negatively phrased

Need to know what you want to measure (BAP)

The 2010 Biodiversity Target: There are limits


Convention on Biological Diversity: Focal Areas

Reducing the rate of loss of the components of biodiversity

Promoting sustainable use of biodiversity

Addressing the major threats to biodiversity

Maintaining ecosystem integrity

Protecting traditional knowledge, innovations and practices;

Ensuring the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the use of genetic resources

Mobilizing financial and technical resources


European Union: Priority Objectives

Safeguard the EU's most important habitats and species.Protect biodiversity and ecosystem services in the

wider EU countryside and marine environment.Improve compatibility of regional and territorial development

with biodiversity in the EU.Reduce the impact of invasive alien species and alien genotypes.Improve international governance and EU external assistance.Reduce the impact of international trade Support biodiversity adaptation to climate change.Strengthen the knowledge base for conservation and sustainable useEnsure adequate financingStrengthen EU decision–makingBuild partnerships, public education, awareness and participation


It’s not too late to achieve something by 20101

• Complete negotiations on Access and Benefit Sharing

• Protect Traditional Knowledge

• Finance the implementation of the CBD

• Finance Global Environment Facility

• Continue to mainstream biodiversity

1 as proposed by Trondheim/UN Conference on Biodiversity, November 2007

• Consolidate the Protected Areas Systems

• Consolidate Sustainable Forest Management

• Value the conservation of natural ecosystems

• Define adaptation and mitigation strategies to climate change

• Optimize global environmental governance


What can be done by 2010?In ‘Absent-Minded Killers’, Sachs outlines five 2010

Achievables

• Outlaw bottom-trawling;

• Establish a rainforest conservation fund to pay small farmers to preserve the forest (REDD);

• Designate a global network of protected marine areas;

• Create a regular scientific process on species abundance and extinction (IPBES);

• Negotiate a new framework to slow human-induced climate change (post Kyoto 2012).


The 2010 Biodiversity Target: What we’ve achieved so far• 2010 Strategic Plan

• International Year for Biodiversity, CBD CoP10, Heads of State Summit

• Biodiversity Target in MDG and G8 (Postdam initiative, Kobe Call)

• CoP9 Results: Criteria for high sea PAs, Business, IGPB, Finance, Cities, ABS, moratorium on ocean fertilization, biodiversity integration into climate change adaptation and mitigation

• Towards a global public private partnership for biodiversity: Countdown 2010 Initiative

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Figure 1: The status of preparation and revision of NBSAPs, 2008


The Countdown 2010 Objectives

Encourage and support the full implementation of all the existing binding international commitments and necessary actions to save biodiversity;

Demonstrate clearly what progress Europe makes in meeting the 2010 biodiversity target.

Gain maximum public attention across Europe for the challenge of saving biodiversity by 2010.

PartnershipsPartnerships

AssessmentAssessment

CommunicationCommunication


Countdown 2010 – a multiregional model?

South America

CanadaEurope Russia

SouthernAfrica

LowerMekong

China

Japan

800+ Partners• 30 Governments• 42 Government Agencies• 300 Cities & Regions• 50 Businesses• 16 Academic Institutions• 300 Civil Society Organizations

Middle East


The power of the 2010 biodiversity target

Linking up to new constituencies and agendas– Business and Cities– Climate Change and Poverty

New focus for the conservation community– A common objective, a multitude

of strategies– The power of cooperation

beyond individual institutions– Let’s move from words to action!



• Raised the political bar

• Generated funding

• Awareness

But

• is hard to measure

• fails to set priorities

• is negatively phrased

The 2010 Biodiversity Target: There are limits


To keep up the political momentum while also enabling real progress: Nagoya could adopt a 2015/2020/50 target which is:

• Ambitious but realistic

• Easy to measure

• Easy to communicate

• Positive (not about reducing loss)

• Aligned with other international targets

• Agreed at the highest level – by Heads of State, but formulated bottom up.

• Supported by actions/targets/indicators at regional level


Beyond 2010: The future for biodiversity should1. Recognise the intrinsic value of all species

2. Restore what is degraded

3. Recognise it’s vital for quality of life

4. Value ecosystem services and benefits

5. Fast track finance facility coupled with endowment fund for Biomimicry

6. Strengthen science and policy interface (International Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services)

7. Biodiversity Offsets (link carbon, water and biodiversity credits)


Many more issues still need addressing:

And: Local/Regional should be involved!

Financing

Knowledge

Marine conservation Invasive species

Climate change

Sustainable use


5. promote a Green Economy: one that properly values natural resources, is sustainable and that isn’t growth at any environmental cost

Beyond 2010: The future for biodiversity should


2008 – CBD COP9, WCC, CMS COP9, Ramsar COP10, UNFCCC COP14

2009 – UNFCCC, Copenhagen (post Kyoto include REDD)

2010 – CBD COP10, Nagoya, Intern. Year of Biodiversity

2012 – Kyoto, WSSD. Marine protected areas

2015 – MDG’s

2020/50 – Climate Targets

There are plenty of deadlines before and after 2010…


Beyond 2010: We want biodiversity to be

…and most importantly: diverse

Thriving

Rich

ThrivingAbundant


www.countdown2010.net

If it is not now – when? If it is not us – who?

and if not together – how?

the world conservation union countdown 2010 sebastian winkler iucn – international union for the...

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