the value of fall hazard risk assessments

60
THE VALUE OF FALL HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENTS July 3, 2022 Moderator: Speaker: KIM MESSER THOMAS E. KRAMER, P.E., C.S.P. [email protected] [email protected]

Upload: ljb-inc

Post on 07-May-2015

3.285 views

Category:

Business


1 download

DESCRIPTION

Fall hazard risk assessments are foundational for an effective fall protection program. This presentation explains benefits and best practices for conducting fall hazard risk assessments.

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

THE VALUE OF FALL HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENTS

April 11, 2023 Moderator: Speaker:KIM MESSER THOMAS E. KRAMER, P.E., C.S.P.

[email protected] [email protected]

Page 2: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

2

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Explain the basic elements of a fall hazard risk assessment

Discuss the benefits of performing an assessment

Page 3: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

3

AGENDA

Background

Fall hazard risk assessment

Benefits of assessment

Case studies

Closing

Page 4: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

4

TOTAL FALL FATALITIES

Source: BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries

573 607652 623 634

659 698638

604

738

664

738 733

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Fatalities

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007Year

Page 5: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

5

TOTAL FALL FATALITIES

Source: BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries

573 607652 623 634

659 698638

604

738

664

738 733

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Fatalities

1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007Year

+28%

Page 6: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

6

WHY PERFORM AN ASSESSMENT?

Make the most effective investment in fall protection

Achieve compliance

Page 7: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

7

FINANCIAL REASONS

Fall protection is cost intensive> Overhead systems

> PPE

> Other, low risk hazards

Abate most risk with given budget

Know when you are done

Page 8: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

8

COMPLIANCE REASONS – OSHA

Proposed subpart D & I – OSHA 1910 > Hazard surveys required under 1910.132

> Required for categories of falls listed under subpart D

I2P2 proposed regulation> Injury and Illness Prevention Program

> Focus on assessments, not how to abate hazards already

identified

Page 9: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

9

COMPLIANCE REASONS – OTHER

ANSI Z359.2 standard> Required for all tasks exposing workers to fall hazard

> Surveys must include identification of possible abatements

Voluntary Protection Program (VPP)> Management Leadership and Employee Involvement

> Worksite Analysis

> Hazard Prevention and Control

> Safety and Health Training

Page 10: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

10

GETTING TO KNOW YOUR RISK

Do nothing

Methods

Page 11: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

11

GETTING TO KNOW YOUR RISK

Do nothing

Methods

1. Suggestion programs

2. Statistics

3. Job hazard analysis

4. Facility walk-through

5. Wall-to-wall fall hazard risk assessment

Page 12: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

12

Suggestion programs

> Areas of keen interest

> Frequently accessed/hazardous areas

> Larger group

> Continuous improvement

METHODS

Page 13: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

13

Statistics

> Bureau of Labor Statistics (bls.gov)

METHODS

Page 14: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

14

FALL FATALITIES BY WORK ACTIVITY

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008

Roofs

Ladders

Scaffolds

Non-movingvehiclesStrucSteel

Source: BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries

Page 15: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

15

Statistics

> Bureau of Labor Statistics (bls.gov)

> NIOSH FACE reports

Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation

> Industry-wide incidents

> Organization-wide incidents

METHODS

Page 16: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

16

Job hazard analysis

> Typically developed after hazard is identified

> No analysis of risk relative to other hazards

METHODS

Page 17: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

17

Facility walk-through

> Competent or qualified person

> Identifies typical hazards

> Prioritize typical hazards

> Estimate abatement cost

> Specific to job function (internal)

> Objective set of eyes (external)

METHODS

Page 18: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

19

Wall-to-wall fall hazard risk assessment

> Competent or qualified person

> Objective set of eyes

> Comprehensive vs. typical

> Management of data

> PREFERRED

METHODS

Page 19: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

20

Suggestionprograms

Facilitywalk-through

StatisticsWall-to-wallfacility survey

METHODS

Job Safety Analysis

Page 20: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

21

AGENDA

Background

Fall hazard risk assessment

Benefits of assessment

Case studies

Closing

Page 21: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

22

BASIC ELEMENTS

1. Find out what and where the true issues are

2. Assess risk through priorities and abatement options

3. Select and implement the appropriate solution

Page 22: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

23

BASIC ELEMENTS

1. Find out what and where the true issues are> Involve facility personnel

• Kick-off meeting

• Incentive programs

• Each unit

Page 23: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

24

BASIC ELEMENTS

1. Find out what and where the true issues are> Conduct fall hazard survey

• Task descriptions and exposures

• Photograph hazards

• Hazard data

– Location

– Type of task

– Category

– Level or elevation

– Department

Page 24: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

25

WHAT IS CONSIDERED A HAZARD?

Proposed 29 CFR 1910 Subpart D&I

§ 1910.28 Duty to have fall protection

§ 1910.29 Fall protection systems criteria and practices

Hazard surveys required under 1910.132 and the categories

of falls listed under subpart D

Page 25: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

26

HAZARD LOCATIONS

§ 1910.28 Duty to have fall protection> (b) Protection from fall hazards

1. Unprotected sides and edges

2. Hoist areas

3. Holes

4. Dockboards (bridge plates)

5. Runways and similar walkways

6. Dangerous equipment

Page 26: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

27

HAZARD LOCATIONS

§ 1910.28 Duty to have fall protection (cont.)7. Wall openings

8. Repair, service, and assembly pits (pits) less than 10 feet in

depth

9. Fixed ladders

10.Outdoor advertising (billboards)

11.Stairways

12.Scaffolds (including rope descent systems)

13.Walking-working surfaces not otherwise addressed

14.Protection for floor holes

Page 27: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

28

HAZARD LOCATIONS

§ 1910.29 Fall protection systems criteria and practices> (b) Guardrail systems

> (c) Safety net systems

> (d) Designated areas

> (e) Covers

> (f) Handrail and stair rail systems

Page 28: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

29

HAZARD LOCATIONS

§ 1910.29 Fall protection systems criteria and practices (cont.)> (g) Cages, wells, and platforms used with fixed ladders

> (h) Qualified Climbers

> (i) Ladder safety systems

> (j) Personal fall protection systems

> (k) Protection from falling objects

Page 29: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

30

BASIC ELEMENTS

2. Assess risk through priorities and abatement options> Develop risk assessment

• Probability

– Number of workers exposed

– Frequency of exposure

– Duration of work

– Environmental conditions

• Severity

– Fall distance

– Obstructions in path of fall

Page 30: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

31

Hazard Probability

Hazard

Severity

Frequently

(A)

Probably

(B)

Potential

(C)

Unlikely

(D)

Fatal - Cat. IV 1 1 2 3

TTD - Cat. III 1 2 3 4

Minor Injury - Cat. II 2 3 4 5

Violation Cat. I 3 4 5 5

RISK ASSESSMENT CODES

Page 31: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

32

SIMPLE HAZARD SCORE SHEET

Rating Severity of Injury Probability of Fall

(Odds of occurring)

1 First Aid Very Low

(1/1,000,000)

3 Recordable Low

(1/10,000 – 1/1,000,000)

7 Disabling Injury Medium

(1/100 – 1/10,000)

10 Potentially Fatal High

(1 in 100)

Page 32: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

33

BASIC ELEMENTS

2. Assess risk through priorities and abatement options> Evaluate abatement option

• Low-hanging fruit

– Aerial lifts

– Scaffold

– Swing gates

• Total cost of solution

• Cost vs. risk

• Hierarchy of control

Page 33: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

34

HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

Page 34: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

35

AGENDA

Background

Fall hazard risk assessment

Benefits of assessment

Case studies

Closing

Page 35: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

36

WHERE IS YOUR GREATEST RISK?

Page 36: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

37

Hazard Probability

Hazard

Severity

Frequently

(A)

Probably

(B)

Potential

(C)

Unlikely

(D)

Fatal - Cat. IV 1 1 2 3

TTD - Cat. III 1 2 3 4

Minor Injury - Cat. II 2 3 4 5

Violation Cat. I 3 4 5 5

RISK ASSESSMENT CODES

Page 37: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

38

SIMPLE HAZARD SCORE SHEET

Rating Severity of Injury Probability of Fall

(Odds of occurring)

1 First Aid Very Low

(1/1,000,000)

3 Recordable Low

(1/10,000 – 1/1,000,000)

7 Disabling Injury Medium

(1/100 – 1/10,000)

10 Potentially Fatal High

(1 in 100)

Page 38: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

39

WHERE IS YOUR GREATEST RISK?

1 2 3 … Hazard Rank …5206

Risk

Page 39: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

40

BENEFITS OF ASSESSMENT

Validated program budget> Report cost-benefit metrics to management

Phased implementation plan

Development of procedures

Customized training

Page 40: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

41

NOW THAT YOU KNOW YOUR RISK….

3. Select and implement the appropriate solution for the highest

risk hazards> Conceptual design

> Final design

> Construction/Implementation

> Additional training

Page 41: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

42

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Page 42: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

43

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Page 43: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

44

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Page 44: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

45

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Page 45: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

46

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

Page 46: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

47

CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS

Page 47: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

48

HAZARD CONTROL

Page 48: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

49

AGENDA

Background

Fall hazard risk assessment

Benefits of assessment

Case studies

Closing

Page 49: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

50

INSTITUTIONAL CAMPUS ASSESSMENT

Campus-wide risk assessment

Page 50: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

51

INSTITUTIONAL CAMPUS ASSESSMENT

Campus-wide risk assessment> 100+ structures surveyed on 350-acre site

> Interiors and exteriors, including roofs and process equipment

> Nearly 2,500 hazards documented

> Organized data by maintenance type, by request

Page 51: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

52

FINDINGS

Total hazards = 2,579 > Handrail/guardrail = 969

> Maintenance access to equipment = 918

> Non-compliant ladders = 688

Hazard breakdown by maintenance type:> Institutional: 38%

> Process: 33%

> Facility: 29%

Page 52: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

53

FINDINGS

Preferred Solution for Top 100 Hazards

Other11%

Guardrail18%

Fixed Platform24%

Aerial Lift27%

Scaffold20%

Page 53: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

54

REFINERY ASSESSMENT

Facility-wide risk assessment

Page 54: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

55

REFINERY ASSESSMENT

Facility-wide risk assessment> Objective set of eyes on the entire facility

> Client had ability to sort hazards from greatest risk to lowest risk

as well as by probable cost of the abatement

• Focus budget on high risk items

• Still able to pick off some low hanging fruit

> Able to combine abatements and address multiple hazards with

one solution

Page 55: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

56

WHERE IS YOUR GREATEST RISK?

1 2 3 … Hazard Rank …5206

Risk

Page 56: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

57

WHERE IS YOUR GREATEST RISK?

1 2 3 … Hazard Rank …5206

Risk

32% of risk in top 1% of hazards

77% of risk in top 10% of hazards

98% of risk in top 50% of hazards

Page 57: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

58

WHERE IS YOUR GREATEST RISK?

Hazard Rank

RiskONLY 2% of the risk, but

25% of abatement cost

Page 58: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

59

CLOSING

Ultimate goals> Reduce risk and increase safety for workers at heights

> Use your available budget to decrease as much risk as possible

Page 59: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

60

THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME

To learn more about fall protection from LJB Inc.

Blog> http://www.ljbfallprotectionblog.com

Podcasts – 60 Seconds for Safety> http://www.ljbinc.com/safetybydesign

YouTube video> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dk7F8UJxnLU

Page 60: The Value of Fall Hazard Risk Assessments

THE VALUE OF FALL HAZARD RISK ASSESSMENTS

April 11, 2023 Moderator: Speaker:KIM MESSER THOMAS E. KRAMER, P.E., C.S.P.

[email protected] [email protected]