the sadie transcoding platform

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The SADIe Transcoding Platform Darren Lunn, Sean Bechhofer and Simon Harper The University of Manchester School of Computer Science

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DESCRIPTION

The World Wide Web (Web) is a visually complex, dynamic, multimedia system that can be inaccessible to people with visual impairments. SADIe addresses this problem by using Semantic Web technologies to explicate implicit visual structures through a combination of an upper and lower ontology. By identifying elements within the Web page, in addition to the role that those elements play, accurate transcoding can be applied to a diverse range of Websites.

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Darren Lunn, Sean Bechhofer and Simon HarperThe University of ManchesterSchool of Computer Science

Page 2: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

The Web

• Designed with a focus on presenting information in a visual manner– Images– Columned Layout– Chunks

• Some knowledge is only available implicitly from how the page looks

• Can be difficult to access for users of screen readers

Page 3: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Implicit Knowledge

= Advertisement

= Banner

= Main Content

= Menu

Page 4: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Transcoding• The adaptation of Web content to suit the needs of the browsing device

• Heuristic Transcoding– Uses rules / patterns– Can adapt a large number of pages– Can suffer from reduced accuracy issues

• Semantic Transcoding– Uses annotations– Accurate adaptations– Time Consuming As Every Page Is Annotated

Page 5: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

SADIe in Action

ImageAdvertisement

Tabs

BannerMain Menu

Banner

Headline Story Overview

Main StoryMain Story

Story Overview

Headline

Page 6: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

SADIe Approach

• The visual rendering of a Web element informs the user of its purpose

• The CSS defines the visual rendering

• Identifying the purpose of a CSS definition implicitly identifies the purpose of the Web element

Page 7: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Exploiting CSS

cnnNavigation{

float:left;

border-width:0 1px 0 0;

border-style:solid;

. . .

}

CSS<ul class="cnnNavigation">

<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>

<li><a href="/WORLD/">World</a></li>

<li><a href="/US/">U.S.</a></li>

. . .

</ul>

(X)HTML

Page 8: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Annotation Through Ontology

. . .(X)HTML (X)HTML (X)HTML

. . .CSS CSS CSS

Upper Ontology

. . .Website Ontology

Page 9: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

CNN (Partial) Ontology

Page 10: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Transcoding Architecture

SADIeProxy

Web Page

IdentifyOntology

QueryOntology

Transcode Web page

User

Page 11: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Basic User Interface

Page 12: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Advanced User Interface

Page 13: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Incorporated Into Website

Page 14: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Conclusions• SADIe combines the benefits of both Heuristic and Semantic Transcoding

• Annotation occurs at the CSS level using an ontology

• One annotation propagates to all pages within the Website

• Transcoding is achieved via a proxy

• SADIe can be instigated via a User interface or embedded within a page

Page 15: The SADIe Transcoding Platform

Questions?

http://hcw.cs.manchester.ac.uk/research/sadie/

http://hcw-eprints.cs.manchester.ac.uk/23/

http://sadie.cs.manchester.ac.uk/