Republican GovernmentRepublican Government

• 2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome)

(elected annually by the Senate)

• Senate (Representative body for patricians)

• Tribal Assembly• (Representative body for

plebeians)

The Roman Senate

The Twelve Tables, 450 BCEThe Twelve Tables, 450 BCE

• Providing political and socialrights for the plebeians.

• The Republics codeOf laws.

Slavery in the Roman Republic

• When the Romans conquered the Mediterranean, they took millions of SLAVES to Italy.

• Slaves constituted 40 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION of the Republic. Slaves served as singers, scribes, jewelers, bartenders, and even doctors as well as manual laborers.

Latifundia

• Large plantations producing:• Olive oil• Wine• Cattle• Sheep• Grain

Rome’s Early Road SystemRome’s Early Road System

Roman Roads: Roman Roads: The The Appian WayAppian Way

Roman AqueductsRoman Aqueducts

The Roman The Roman ColiseumColiseum

Circus MaximusCircus Maximus

Carthaginian EmpireCarthaginian Empire

Hannibal’s RouteHannibal’s Route

Punic Wars

• Roman Republic vs. Carthage• Series of three wars fought between264 BCE -146 BCE. In the end, Carthage is totally destroyed.

Julius Caesar

• Conquers Gaul and returns to Rome in 49 BCE.

• Crosses the Rubicon River “The die is cast”

• Becomes ruler for life.

Beware the Ides of March. 44BCE“Et tu Brute?”

Augustus, First Emperor of Rome

Pax RomanaPax Romana: : 27 BCE – 27 BCE – 180 CE180 CE

The Greatest Extent of the The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire – 14 CERoman Empire – 14 CE

The Legacy of RomeThe Legacy of Rome

Republic GovernmentRepublic Government Roman LawRoman Law Latin LanguageLatin Language Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church City PlanningCity Planning Romanesque Architectural StyleRomanesque Architectural Style Roman EngineeringRoman Engineering

• AqueductsAqueducts• Sewage systemsSewage systems• DamsDams• CementCement• ArchArch