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The RIR System AFRINIC May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo. Prepared By APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC, RIPE NCC. Overview. Evolution Structure Inter-RIR Coordination Address Space Management Policy Development Process Questions. Origins. Dr. Jon Postel Maintained List of Assigned Numbers - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo
Page 2: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

The RIR System

AFRINIC May 14, 2002Lome, Togo

Prepared ByAPNIC, ARIN, LACNIC, RIPE NCC

Page 3: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Overview

• Evolution

• Structure

• Inter-RIR Coordination

• Address Space Management

• Policy Development Process

• Questions

Page 4: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Origins

• Dr. Jon Postel Maintained List of Assigned Numbers

• IANA – The Central Internet Registry

Page 5: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RFC 1174 (1990)

“IAB Recommended Policy on Distributing Internet Identifier Assignment…”

• Recognized DDN-NIC– Central Internet Registry Function– Delegated by IANA

• Permitted Further Delegations

Page 6: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RFC1366 (1992)

“Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space”

• Identified Geographic Regions• Allocated Address Blocks

– Geographic Regions– Multi-Regional

Page 7: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Registry Time Line

• Pre 1992 – DDN NIC• 1992 – RIPE NCC• 1993 – APNIC• 1993 – InterNIC• 1995 – APNIC Membership Association• 1997 – ARIN• 1998 – RIPE NCC Membership Association

Page 8: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Emerging RIRs

• LACNIC– Mentor - ARIN– www.lacnic.org

• AFRINIC– Mentor - RIPE NCC– www.afrinic.org

Page 9: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Regions

AFRINIC

Page 10: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Structure

• Bottom-Up Industry Self-Regulatory structure– Open and Transparent

– Neutral and Impartial

• Not For Profit Membership Organization– Membership Open to All Interested Parties

– Membership Elects Executive Board

– Membership Approves Activities & Budget

• Policies Developed by Industry Through Open Policy Processes

• Funding– Annual service fee

– No charge per IP address

– Open Financial Reporting

Page 11: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

APNIC

• Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre

– Founded in 1993 as independent organization

– Membership Structure Established in 1996

– 1,204 Members

• Service Region: Asia, Oceania and Western

Pacific

– 42 Economies

• Located in Brisbane, Australia

Page 12: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

ARIN

• American Registry for Internet Numbers

– Independent Association Since 1997

– 1,701 Members

• Service Region: North & South America, the

Caribbean, Africa South of Equator

– 70 Countries

• Located in Chantilly, Virginia, US

Page 13: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIPE NCC

• RIPE Network Coordination Centre

– Founded in 1992, as part of TERENA

– Independent Association since 1998

– 3,124 Members

• Service Region: Europe, Middle East, Central

Asia, Africa North of Equator

– 109 Countries

• Located in Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Page 14: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Inter-RIR Coordination

• Registration Services

• Policy

• Documentation

• Engineering

• Outreach

• Joint Presentations

Page 15: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Address Space Management Historical Challenges

• Address Space Depletion

– IPv4 Address Space is Finite

– Pre RIR, Many Wasteful Allocations

• Routing Chaos

– Legacy Routing Structure, Router

Overload

– CIDR & Aggregation are Vital

• The Internet Changes

• Inequitable Management

– Unstructured and Wasteful Address

Space Distribution

Page 16: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Address Space ManagementObjectives

• Conservation– Efficient Use of Resources– Allocation Based on Demonstrated Need

• Aggregation– Limiting Growth of Routing Table– Provider-Based Addressing Policies

• Registration– Ensuring Uniqueness– Troubleshooting

• Fairness and Consistency– Regional Communities– Global Communities

Page 17: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Policy Development Principles

• Open

• Transparent

• Documented

• Developed bottom-up

Page 18: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Principle One

OPEN

• Participation Open to Everyone– by those who need the resources

– within industry self-regulatory framework

• Developed in open policy forums– Open Mailing Lists– Open Public Policy Meetings

Page 19: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Principle Two

TRANSPARENT

• Mailing list archives

• Public policy meeting archives

• Meeting minutes

– APNIC Executive Council

– ARIN

• Board of Trustees

• Advisory Council

– RIPE NCC Executive Board

Page 20: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Principle Three

DOCUMENTED

• Policies documented

• Joint RIR policy documentation

– RIR Policy comparison matrix

– IPv6 allocation policy

Page 21: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Principle Four

Developed Bottom-Up

• Proposals Originate

– Public

– Other RIR communities

• Discussed in Public Fora

– E-mail Lists

– Public Policy Meetings

• Responsive policy development– fair to all

– changing requirements of industry

Page 22: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Outreach

• Objectives– Raise awareness– Promote industry self-regulation

• Activities

– Conferences

– Workshops and Seminars

– Training Programs

Page 23: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Questions?

Page 24: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIR Co-ordination and Joint Statistics

AfriNIC Meeting14 May 2002Lome, Togo

Prepared ByAPNIC, ARIN, LACNIC and RIPE NCC

Page 25: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Overview

• RIR Joint Efforts

• Statistics

• RIR Specifics

• Questions

Page 26: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIR Coordination

• IPv6 policy development (WG)

• RFC 2050 policy evaluation (WG)

• Early registration transfer project

• Joint presentations

• Information exchange

Page 27: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Emerging RIR Support

• LACNIC– LACNIC received provisional approval

as RIR, Mar 2002 – ARIN coordinating closely with

LACNIC on training and transition– Last open policy meeting, Nov 2001,

São Paulo, Brasil

• AfriNIC– All 3 RIRs providing support– Meeting,14 May 2002, Lome, Togo

Page 28: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Recent Outreach Activities

• Conferences– ASO GA Bangkok (Mar 2002)– ICANN, Accra (Mar 2002)– Other RIR Meetings

• Workshops and Seminars– ITU IPv6, Geneva (May 2002)– AFNOG/AfriNIC, Lome (May 2002)

Page 29: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Open Policy Meetings

• APNIC (2 per year)3-6 Sept 2002 Kita-Kyushu, Fukuoka, JP

• ARIN (2 per year)30 Oct-1 Nov 2002, Eugene, Oregon, US

• RIPE (3 per year)9-13 Sept 2002, Rhodes, GR

• LACNIC (1 per year)12-13 Nov 2002, Mexico City, MX

Page 30: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

ASO Support

• Secretariat – RIRs rotate on annual basis

• ARIN in 2002

– Monthly AC teleconference meetings

• Minutes on ASO website

• Host General Assembly– Hosted by APNIC, Mar 2002 – Bangkok, Thailand

Page 31: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Global RIR Statistics

Page 32: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

IANA Allocations IPv4 Address Space

RIPE NCC

ARIN

APNIC

43%

6%

38%

6%3%

4%

(Multicast)

Other Orgs. (pre-RIR)

ARINAPNIC

RIPE NCC

Unallocated

Page 33: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Global IPv4 Allocations2001

28,607,232

37,828,096

25,346,560

RIPE NCC

ARIN

APNIC

(1.51 /8s)

(2.25 /8s)

(1.71 /8s)

Page 34: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

0

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

30,000,000

35,000,000

40,000,000

1999 2000 2001

RIPE NCC

APNIC

ARIN

2.252.05

1.29

IPv4 Allocations by /81999-2001

0.79

1.50 1.51

.92

1.71

.52

5.474.47 2.61

Page 35: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

IPv4 Distribution by Country 2001

US38%

DE7%

KR4%

UK4%

Other18%

CA 2%

IT 2%

ES 2%

TW 3%

JP 11%CN 9%

Page 36: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

IANA ASN Allocations

11%

14%

9%

6%

60%

Pre-RIR

ARIN

UNALLOCATED

APNIC

RIPE NCC

Page 37: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Global ASN Distribution2001

1,284

2,635

531

ARIN

RIPE NCC

APNIC

Page 38: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

ASN Allocations1999-2001

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1999 2000 2001

RIPE NCC

APNIC

ARIN

519322 531

1,685

2,901

2,635

1,1701,284

768

2775 4590 4543

Page 39: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

IPv6 Allocations

27

5455

ARIN

RIPE NCCAPNIC

Total: 136as of 29 Mar 02

(40%)(40%)

(20%)

Page 40: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

IPv6 Allocations per RIR1999-2001

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55 ARIN

APNIC

RIPE NCC

Page 41: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

US

KR

DE

UKEU MX

SEFI

IT

AUAT

PL

RU

TW

NL

Other

FR

JP

IPv6 Distribution by Country2001

BE, BR, CA, CH, CN, CZ, DK, GR, HKHU, IE, LT, MY, NO, PT, SG, ES,

JP 30 (24%)

US 18 (15%)

KR 11 (9%)

DE 10 (8%)

Page 42: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIR Specifics

Page 43: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

APNIC

• Recent policy changes (Dec 2001)– Criteria for portable allocations– Multihoming portable assignment policy

• Whois DB v3 migration– Planned for Aug 2002– Working closely with RIPE NCC

• Routing registry– Implementation planned Aug 2002– Test server at irr.apnic.net (fully operational)

• Currently mirroring 36 other IRRs

• Thanks to RIPE NCC for assistance!

Page 44: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

MyAPNIC Project

• Secured member service web interface– Can access private information

• Eg details of billing status, training records, contacts, resource and request status, allocation history

• Now at v.2 prototype– Linux/Perl/MySQL/Apache implementation

• Similar look and feel to APNIC website

– Integration with other APNIC systems• Certificate Authority• Request tracking (RT2)• Whois database (currently RIPE v2)

Page 45: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

ARIN

• Newly Ratified Policies – Policy 2001-2: Reassignments to

multihomed downstream customers– Policy 2001-3: Micro assignments– Policy 200-4: Modification of IPv6

allocation policies– Policy 2001-6: Multiple discrete

networks: single maintainer ID– Policy 2001-7: Bulk copies of ARIN

WHOIS

Page 46: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

ARIN

• Current policy discussions– 2002-1: Lame delegations in

in-addr.arpa

• More information– Internet resource policy evaluation process

• http://www.arin.net/arin/policy_eval_process.html

• New database release (Jun 2002)

– New object types

• Organization object,

• Additional points of contact

Page 47: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIPE NCC

• Secure services for LIRs– Secure members website– PGP for Hostmasters

• Technical Projects– Test Traffic Measurement (TTM)– Routing Information Service (RIS)– Secure DNS– NS Daemon

Page 48: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIPE NCC

• Developing advanced training courses– IPv6, Reverse DNS– Ready by end of 2002

• Documentation– Reviewing and rewriting IPv4

policies and procedures document

Page 49: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIR Pointers

http://www.apnic.net

http://www.arin.net

http://www.ripe.net

http://www.aso.icann.org/rirs/stats/

index.html

Page 50: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Questions?

Page 51: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Page 52: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

RIR / LIR Interaction

AfriNIC Meeting

14 May 2002

Lome, Togo

Joint Presentation Prepared by:

APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC, RIPE NCC

Page 53: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Overview

• Terminology

• Obtaining Address Space

• Contact Information

• FAQs

Page 54: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Terminology

• Allocation– Address space given to LIRs, to

assign to customers or to LIR’s own organisation

• Assignment– Address space given to end-users

for use in operational networks

Page 55: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Obtaining Address Space

Upstream

Provider

?

Yes

No

Meet

Initial Alloc

Criteria

?

Immediate

Need

?

Go to Upstream

Approach RIR

Go to Upstream

Yes

No

Yes

No

Need Address

Page 56: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Initial Allocation Process

Approach RIR

APNICARIN

RIPE NCC

Apply for Address Space

Apply for Address Space

Sign Service Agreement

Sign Service Agreement

Pay Service Fee

Pay Service Fee

Initial Database Entry

Receive Address Space

Page 57: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Registration Contact

• APNIC– [email protected]– tel: +61 3858 3100

• ARIN– [email protected]– tel: +1 703 227 0660

• RIPE NCC– [email protected]

Page 58: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

General Questions Contact

• APNIC– [email protected]– tel: +61 3858 3100

• ARIN– [email protected]– tel: +1 703 227 0660

• RIPE NCC– [email protected]

Page 59: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• Do I have to become a member of a RIR to obtain IP address space?

– No, you can obtain addresses from an upstream provider

• Do I have to become a member of a RIR to become involved in address policy discussions?

– No, you may attend open RIR policy meetings and participate on open policy mailing lists

• What does RIR membership include?– Gives access to all RIR services– Attendance at training courses– Voting rights – Influence RIR activities– No fee or reduced fee at meetings

• Is membership suitable for my organisation?– Resource overhead– Responsibilities as an LIR

Page 60: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• Does becoming a member guarantee getting address space?– No, you will need to meet criteria

• What are the criteria?– Demonstrate an immediate need for a /22

(RIPE NCC) and a need for a /21 in one year (APNIC)

– Demonstrate a /21 currently in use using IP address space from upstream providers (ARIN)

or– Demonstrate an immediate need for a /20

(ARIN)

Page 61: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• Is there a minimum allocation?– Yes, a /20

• What if I cannot meet the criteria?– Go to your upstream provider

• What if I do not have an upstream provider?– Approach and discuss with RIR

• What if my upstream will not give me the addresses?– Approach and discuss with RIR

Page 62: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• How do I request addresses?– Complete forms in as much detail as possible– Read FAQ’s, use on-line training to help

• Can I buy IP addresses?– No, they are not for sale – not property– IP addresses are a shared public resource– Selling addresses is contrary to goals of

effective management

• How long does it take to get IP addresses?– It varies

• With excellent documentation and a quick response from requestor, less than a week

– Frequently takes longer

Page 63: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• Why does the RIR need so much detailed information?– To ensure that your plans are consistent with

goals of address space management

• Will the RIR protect my confidential information?– Yes, our staff sign a non disclosure agreement

• Do I own my IP addresses?– No, not property– The organisation is a custodian– A ‘license’ framework applies

Page 64: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• How do I obtain more address space?– Need to demonstrate 80% utilisation– Register customer assignments in database– Comply with policies

• Why do the RIRs say they cannot guarantee routability?– RIRs have no control over routing policy of ISPs

Page 65: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• How do I know how much to assign to a customer?– Assign in accordance with RFC2050, 25%

immediate,50% within one year– Allows room for customer to grow

• Can I reserve address space for my customers?– Yes, but this will be counted as ‘free space’

when you apply for a subsequent allocation

Page 66: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• Do I need to renumber?– Yes, when receiving initial allocation from

APNIC and RIPE NCC– Yes, if agreed to when obtaining initial allocation

from ARIN (not always mandatory)– Most organisations have shown an interest to

renumber

• Do I need to renumber immediately?– Within one year (APNIC, RIPE NCC)– Within 18 months (ARIN)

Page 67: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

FAQ

• What happens in the case of acquisitions, bankruptcies, mergers?– Evaluated on a case by case basis– IP addresses are not property – Approach and discuss with RIR

• Where can I get more information about each RIR’s addressing policies?– Policy documents– “RIR Policy Comparison Matrix Document” on

each RIR website– FAQs on each RIR website

Page 68: The RIR System AFRINIC  May 14, 2002 Lome, Togo

14 May 2002 AFRINIC Lome, Togo

Questions?