The Reign of “King The Reign of “King Mob”Mob”

The Reign of “King The Reign of “King Mob”Mob”

Don’t copy slides marked

Why Increased Why Increased Democratization?Democratization?

Why Increased Why Increased Democratization?Democratization?

3 Universal White Male Suffrage

3 Vermont, 1791

3 Spread of Public Education—3 R’s

3 Steady growth of market economy

3 Rise in voter turnout

3 1824, only 1/4th of voted> # doubled 1828

Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c

Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c

Politics of the Politics of the PeoplePeople

Politics of the Politics of the PeoplePeopleMass AppealMass Appeal

• Born in log cabin—Born in log cabin—humble originshumble origins

• Not too clean, well Not too clean, well dressed, grammatical, or dressed, grammatical, or intellectualintellectual

• Popularity of Indian Popularity of Indian Fighters/Military HeroesFighters/Military Heroes– Andy JacksonAndy Jackson– Davy CrockettDavy Crockett– William Henry HarrisonWilliam Henry Harrison

New Style of PoliticsNew Style of PoliticsNew Style of PoliticsNew Style of Politics3 Popular campaigning (parades,

rallies, floats, banners, badges, songs barbecues, free drinks, baby kissing, etc.)

3 Electoral College chosen directly

3 1831—national nominating convention replaces caucus

Jackson’s Opponents in Jackson’s Opponents in 18241824

Jackson’s Opponents in Jackson’s Opponents in 18241824

Henry ClayHenry Clay[KY][KY]

John Quincy John Quincy AdamsAdams[MA][MA]

John C. John C. CalhounCalhoun

[SC][SC]

William H. CrawfordWilliam H. Crawford[GA][GA]

Results of the 1824 Results of the 1824 ElectionElection

Results of the 1824 Results of the 1824 ElectionElection

AA

“Corrupt “Corrupt Bargain?Bargain?

””

AA

“Corrupt “Corrupt Bargain?Bargain?

””

Henry Clay used his influence as Speaker of the House to get John Q. Adams elected> Adams appointed Clay his Secretary of State.

John Quincy Adams: John Quincy Adams: Yankee Misfit in White HouseYankee Misfit in White House

• Puritanical honor• Supported Internal Improvements

– Including national university & astronomy observatory

• Tried to curb land speculation• For fair treatment of Cherokee• Billiard Table & Chess Scandal• Served in House after presidency

– Fought gag rule on slavery

Personified the new West:Orphaned as child, no formal educationTennessee LawyerViolent temper, deadly duelistWestern aristocrat: The Hermitage (slave plantation)

Rachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel Jackson

Final Divorce DecreeFinal Divorce Decree

1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults

Jackson in Mourning for His Jackson in Mourning for His WifeWife

Jackson in Mourning for His Jackson in Mourning for His WifeWife

What are the key What are the key controversies of Jackson’s controversies of Jackson’s Presidency?Presidency?Spoils SystemKitchen CabinetNullification CrisisBank WarMayville Road Bill—1 of 12 vetosSpecie CircularIndian Policy

The “Peggy Eaton Affair”The “Peggy Eaton Affair”The “Peggy Eaton Affair”The “Peggy Eaton Affair”•Caused Jackson’s break with Calhoun and his cabinet•Kitchen Cabinet

• Stopped Here on 10/30/13

1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict

1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict3 1828 --> “Tariff of 1828 --> “Tariff of

Abomination” Abomination”

3 Rebellion in South Rebellion in South CarolinaCarolina

3 Jackson sent armyJackson sent army

3 Clay’s “Compromise of Clay’s “Compromise of 1833”1833”

The Bank WarThe Bank WarThe Bank WarThe Bank War

NicholasNicholasBiddleBiddle

PresidentPresidentJacksonJackson

3 ““Pet Banks”Pet Banks”

3 Specie CircularSpecie Circular

Opposition to the 2Opposition to the 2ndnd B.U.S. B.U.S.Opposition to the 2Opposition to the 2ndnd B.U.S. B.U.S.

“Soft”(paper) $

“Soft”(paper) $

“Hard”(specie) $

“Hard”(specie) $

3 state bankers state bankers feltfeltit restrained it restrained theirtheirbanks from banks from issuingissuingbank notes bank notes freely.freely.

3 supported rapid supported rapid

economic economic growth growth & speculation.& speculation.

3 coin was coin was only safeonly safecurrency.currency.

3 suspicious of suspicious of expansion &expansion &speculation.speculation.

The Downfall of “Mother The Downfall of “Mother Bank”Bank”

The Downfall of “Mother The Downfall of “Mother Bank”Bank”

1832 Election Results1832 Election Results1832 Election Results1832 Election Results

Results of Specie CircularResults of Specie CircularResults of Specie CircularResults of Specie Circular

$ Banknotes loose their Banknotes loose their value.value.

$ Land sales plummeted.Land sales plummeted.

$ Credit not available.Credit not available.

$ Businesses began to fail.Businesses began to fail.

$ Unemployment rose.Unemployment rose.

The Panic of 1837!The Panic of 1837!

Panic of 1837 Panic of 1837 Panic of 1837 Panic of 1837

Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:

Champion of Champion of the the

“Common “Common Man”?Man”?

““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR