the poultry industry
DESCRIPTION
The poultry industry. Objectives. Terms Structure of the Industry Production Factors Egg production and facts. terms. Young Female= Chick or Pullet Mature Female= Hen Young Intact Male= Chick or Cockeral Mature Intact Male= Rooster Young Castrated Male= Capon. Terms. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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THE POULTRY INDUSTRY
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OBJECTIVES Terms Structure of the Industry Production Factors Egg production and facts
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TERMS Young Female= Chick or Pullet Mature Female= Hen Young Intact Male= Chick or
Cockeral Mature Intact Male= Rooster Young Castrated Male= Capon
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TERMS Newborns= chicks Act of giving birth= no live birth! Meat chicken= broiler
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SECTORS OF THE INDUSTRY Egg Production Broiler Production Raising Replacement Pullets
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EGG PRODUCTION Laying Hens Confined in cages or floor pen
system Cleaning, grading, and packaging
eggs occurs on farm After production cycle, hens are
sold for meat
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EGG PRODUCTION Floor system- gather 3 times a day Caged system- automatic egg
gatherer Rhode Island Red, Leghorns
5-7 eggs per week Keep hens up to 5 yrs.
Best production in first 2 years Increase light duration and
intensity for onset of egg laying
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CARE AND HANDLING OF EGGS Wash eggs
Must be clean! Dry Cleaning vs. Egg Washing Machine
Maintain quality byKeep coolKeep humid65 Degrees FStore separately
They absorb odors!
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EGG PRODUCTION Do you need a rooster for a hen to
lay eggs?Nope!!! Chicks are fertilized eggs
How are eggs fertilized?Internally before they are laidTakes 7-10 days for sperm to travel to ovary
Lay fertile eggs for about 6-10 days
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EGG PRODUCTION How many eggs does the average
American consume per year????256 eggs/year
1945 average of 403 eggs/year…Why?CholesterolEating Habits-Breakfast anyone????
Convenience Food
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NUTRITION VALUE Two Eggs Supply
7% of Calories (75 calories per egg)28% Protein22% Phosphorus10% Iron39% Riboflavin50% Vitamin B1279% Vitamin A213 mg of Cholesterol
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BROILER PRODUCTION- IMPORTANT PRODUCTION FEATURES Raising chickens for meat High quality rations fed to secure
rapid efficienty gains Weight Gain Feed Conversion Breast Meat Yield Carcass Conformation Chick Viability Disease Resistance
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BROILER PRODUCTION Grow in 7-9 weeks Slaughtered at 4 lbs. Feed Conversion 1.5:1 Require 1 square foot
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REPLACEMENT PULLETS Raising chicks for egg production or broiler
production
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ADVANTAGES TO RAISING POULTRY High feed efficiency Fast return on investment Low land requirements Mechanized operation
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DISADVANTAGES TO RAISING POULTRY Disease and parasites Initial capital investment is high Limitations of zoning Death losses from predators and
stampede Waste disposal and odor
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PRODUCTION/CONSUMPTION TRENDS
# of farms with laying hens decreased
# of chickens raised per farm increased
Eggs-- Slight decline in popularityCholesterol concerns
Chicken Meat– Major increase in popularityPerceived to have less cholesterol than beef/pork
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Leading StatesLaying Hens & Egg Production
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VIDEOShttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zbkkkn_PxE&feature=related
Chick Production
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJ7rrHYmFiQ
Broiler Production
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POULTRY ANATOMY
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POULTRY EQUIPMENT
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BEAK TRIMMER
Trims peak
Machine with foot pedal
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CHICK STARTER FEEDER
Feeding dish for baby chicks
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CHICKEN FEEDERFeeding dish for older chicks
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EGG SCALE
Weighs and classifies eggs
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LEG BANDSIdentification toolCircular, numbered bands
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OPEN JUG WATERERWatering dish
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NIPPLE WATERERWatering deviceMinimizes waste
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3 TIER COOPLayered chicken cages