1. Find three articles that explain the Post Civil War Industrial Revolution (or the Second Industrial Revolution or Post Civil War Industrialization). Read a portion of each article and write a brief summary of the Post-Civil-War Industrial Revolution.

The United States territorial expansion led to a demand for massive industry. The transcontinental railroad was essential in creating industrial, modern cities. Following the completion of the railroad, other important inventions followed, such as the the telephone, lightbulb, typewriter, the elevator, structural steel, the phonograph, and motion pictures. Title: The Second Industrial Revolution, 1870-1914 ; Webiste: ushistoryscene.comhttp://www.ushistoryscene.com/uncategorized/secondindustrialrevolution/

Petroleum, steel, and electric power became dominating industries in the Post Civil War Industrial Revolution. Classes became more defined. It became more popular to live in an urban area rather than a rural one. While some prospered, laborers had particularly low wages and farmers experienced a decrease in value for their products. Title: Rise of Industrial America, 1876-1900 ; Webstie: loc.govhttp://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/presentationsandactivities/presentations/timeline/riseind/

The railroad changed the economy of the United States, as did new innovations. The upper class gained some important figures, including John D. Rockefeller, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Andrew Carnegie, and JP Morgan, who were played on monopolies, trusts, and corporate integration. These robber barrons monopolized many important markets and still have control over them today. Their wealth seemed to have some aristocratic themes, being that they were all impossibly rich, while their employees were getting barely enough pay to survive. Title: The Industrial Revolution in America ; Website: sageamericanhistory.nethttp://www.sageamericanhistory.net/gildedage/topics/railroads_industry.html

2. Find two pictures that represent the Post-Civil-War Industrial Revolution. Paste both pictures and explain why they are representative of the era.

This photo is a picture of the golden spike ceremony. The golden spike was symbolic of the completion of the transcontinental railroad. The completion of the railroad was a significant cause of major economic development in the United States. Thus, it represents the era.Title: The First Transcontinental Railroad; Website: TCRR.com

Iron production was extremely important in the building of modern cities. Skyscrapers and bridges made up industrial capitals, and could not have been done without the production of iron. Title: Civil War Industry and Manufacturing ; Website: New Georgia Encyclopedia

3. Explain how iron is turned into steel.First, raw iron is smelted, creating oxygen and producing carbon dioxide. A spongy form of pure iron called slag is produced. Then, it must be heated to extremely high temperatures. Then, the carbon is quickly absorbed, iron starts to melt, and the carbon content lowers, for steel it is between .2 and 1.5 percent, making the melting point of iron lower.Title: A Brief History of Iron and Steel Production ; Website: Anslem.edu

4. Why was steel important to the Post-Civil-War Industrial Revolution?Bethlehem Steel was a big steel company that developed a new process of making steel and focused on manufacturing ships and naval armor, and construction beams for bridges and skyscrapers. The companys high wages and benefits for its employees kept the steel at a high price. Steel didnt become cheaper until Andrew Carnegie started manufacturing it.Title: A Brief History of Iron and Steel Production ; Website: Anslem.edu

5. Find a video that shows and explains the Bessemer Process. Watch the video.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_kSp5K70cYcTitle: Manufacture of Steel by Bessemer Process ; Website: Youtube

6. Find a picture of Steel mill in Pittsburgh. Paste the picture.

Title: Pittsburgh (Steel) Historical Marker ; Website: explorepahistory.com

7. Find a map that shows the location of Pittsburgh. Paste it.

Website: eachtown.com

8. Explain why Pittsburg was the steel center of the United States.Pennsylvania steel built the Brooklyn Bridge, the George Washington Bridge, the Chrysler Building, and the Empire State Building. It had many steel mills that immigrants worked at, and was also home to Andrew Carnegie, who founded an important steel company. Title: Making Steel ; Website: explorepahistory.com

9. Find and paste a graph showing steel production from 1870 to 1900.

Website: authentichistory.com

10. Find a graph that shows the production of oil from 1870 to 1900.

Website: authentichistory.com

11. Why was Edwin Drake important?Edwin Drake was a prominent oil driller in the United States, often given credit for being the first. His innovation in finding oil founded the oil industry.Title: Edwin Drake ; Website: wikipedia.org

12. What was petroleum used for prior to automobiles?Prior to automobiles, petroleum was used to light kerosene lamps. Title: Ten Things You Didnt Know About Oil ; Website: neatorama.com

13. Find a video that shows Henry Fords assembly line. Watch the video.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yK1j487IED0

14. Find and paste a graph or table that shows the United States rural and urban population in 1870 and 1900. How did the nations demographics change?

Both the rural and urban populations increased. In 1870, the rural population was approximately three times the urban population, however by 1900, the rural population had only increased about 9 million, while the urban population had increased by 16 million.Website: regentsprep.org

15. How many inventions were patented by Thomas Edison? What were some of the most important?He patented 1,093 inventions. The most important were the electrographic vote recorder, the automatic telegraph, the electric pen, the phonograph, the carbon telephone, the practical electrical lamp, the electrical lighting system, the electrical generator, the motograph, fuel cell technology, the universal stock printer, the ore separator, the kinetographic camera, the alkaline battery, and cement. Title: 15 Inventions from Thomas Edison that Changed the World ; Website: businessinsider.com

16. Find a picture of Alexander Graham Bell and his most famous invention. How and why did Bell create that invention?

Title: Alexander Graham Bell Using Telephone ; Website: Inkarthttp://www.inkart.com/pages/people/Alexander_Graham_Bell.htmlBell wanted to transmit telegraph messages over a wire and graphically recording sound waves, hoping it would help his deaf students learn how to speak. In regards to how he invented the telephone, Bell said, If I could make a current of electricity vary in intensity precisely as the air varies in density during the production of sound, I should be able to transmit speech telegraphically. Title Alexander Graham Bell ; Website: history.com

17.Find and paste a graph or table showing railroad mileage in the United States from 1870 to 1900.

Website: wikibooks.org

18. Find and paste a picture of the downtown of a large U.S. city in the 1890s. Why is this picture important? What does it tell you? The picture describes Chicago and the modern city, it also mentions the skyscraper, an important product of steel production. ; Websites: uchicago.edu , cuckmanchicagonostaglia.wordpress.com

19. Find a map that shows areas of industrialization and large urban areas in the United States in 1900. Paste the map. What is the implication of the map?

Industrialized areas were mainly in New England and the Mid-Atlantic. Most areas, beside the frontier had sizeable populations, and silver and gold mining was fairly sporadic.Website: http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/Map1900.gif

20. Explain how important steel production was in Birmingham, Alabama, after the Civil War. Why was Birmingham steel so important? How did the work force in Birmingham steel differ from the steel-factory workforce in the North?Birmingham had an abundance of iron, ore, coal, limestone, and dolomite. Its lucky geographic location allowed the lowest raw material assembly costs. From 1880 to 1900 the district grew as rapidly as that of Pittsburgh and Chicago. Unlike the north, Birmingham attracted many employees who were freedmen and poor whites. Title: Iron and Steel Production in Birmingham ; Website: enyclopediaofalabama.org