Regents Review

THE PHYSICAL BEHAVIOR OF

MATTER

1. The phase change represented by the equation I2 (s) -> I2 (g) is called:

A) Condensation

B) Melting

C) Sublimation

D) Boiling

Correct Answer: Option C - Sublimation

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2. What is the total number of joules of heat energy absorbed by 15 grams of water when it is heated from 30°C to 40°C?

A)    630B)    10C)    43D)    200

Correct Answer: Option A - 630

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3. Under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, a liquid differs from a gas because the particles of the liquid: A)    Take the shape of the container they occupyB)    Have no regular arrangementC)    Are in constant straight-line motionD)    Have stronger forces of attraction between them

Correct Answer: Option D - Have stronger forces of attraction between them

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4. A solution in which the crystallizing rate of the solute equals the dissolving rate of the solute must be A)    UnsaturatedB)    SaturatedC)    ConcentratedD)    Diluted

Correct Answer: Option B - Saturated

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5. The heat of fusion is defined as the energy required at constant temperature to change 1 unit mass of a

A)    Solid to gasB)    Gas to liquidC)    Solid to liquidD)    Gas to solid

Correct Answer: Option C - Solid to liquid

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6. The light produced by signs using neon gas results from electrons that are:A)    Being lost by the neon atomsB)    Moving from a lower to a higher principal energy levelC)    Being gained by the neon atomsD)    Moving from a higher to a lower principal energy level

Correct Answer: Option D - Moving from a higher to a lower principal energy level

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7. At standard temperature and pressure which gas is monoatomic? A)    NitrogenB)    NeonC)    chlorineD)    Fluorine

Correct Answer: Option B - Neon

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8. A student determined the heat of fusion of water to be 366.9 J/g. If the accepted value is 333.3J/g, what is the student's percent error? A)    10%B)    9%C)    15%D)    30%

Correct Answer: Option A - 10%

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9. What occurs as potassium nitrate is dissolved in a beaker of water, indicating that the process is endothermic?A)    The temperature of the solution increases.B)    The solution changes color.C)    The temperature of the solution decreases.D)    The solution gives off a gas.

Correct Answer: Option C - The temperature of the solution decreases.

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10. To determine the density of an irregularly shaped object, a student immersed the object in 21.2 mL of water in a graduated cylinder, causing the level of the water to rise to 27.8 mL. If the object had a mass of 22.4 grams, what was the density of the object. A)    27 g / mLB)    3.4 g/ mLC)    6 g / mLD)    3.4 g / mL

Correct Answer: Option B - 3.4 g/ mL

Step 1: D = M / V First find the volume of the object = V = 27.8 - 21.2 = 6.6 mL M = 22.4 g Step 2: Substitute the values of M and V in the equation - D = M / V D = 22.4 g / 6.6 mL = 3.4 g / mL

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11. At standard pressure, a certain compound has a low boiling point and is insoluble in water. At standard temperature and pressure, this compound most likely exists as: A)    Ionic crystalsB)    Metallic crystalsC)    Nonpolar moleculesD)    Polar molecules

Correct Answer: Option C - Nonpolar molecules

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13. The heat of fusion of a compound is 30 J/g. What is the total number of joules of heat that must be absorbed by a 15.0 gram sample to change the compound from a solid to a liquid at its melting point?A)    100 J/gB)    450 J/gC)    45 J/gD)    150 J/g

Correct Answer: Option B - 450 J/g

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14. In which laboratory process could a student use 0.10 M NaOH(aq) to determine the concentration of an aqueous solution of HBr? A)    ChromatographyB)    Decomposition of the soluteC)    Evaporation of the solventD)    Titration

Correct Answer:  Option D - Titration

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15. When 5 grams of KCl are dissolved in 50. grams of water at 25°C, the resulting mixture can be described as: A)    Heterogeneous and unsaturatedB)    Heterogeneous and saturatedC)    Homogeneous and unsaturatedD)    Homogeneous and supersaturated

Correct Answer: Option C - Homogeneous and unsaturated

A mixture which has a uniform composition throughout is called a homogeneous mixture. KCl blends with water uniformly, making the resulting mixture homogeneous.

Saturation is defined as a point of maximum concentration or the point at which a solution of a substance can dissolve no more of that substance and additional amounts of it wil l appear as a precipitate.

However in the above question 50 grams of water does not reach a saturation point with 5 grams of KCl at 25 0C. Hence, this solution is unsaturated.

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16. The volume of a given mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure is

A)    Inversely proportional to the Kelvin temperature.B)    Directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.C)    Inversely proportional to the Celsius temperature.D)    Proportional to the Celsius temperature.

Correct Answer:  Option B - Directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.

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17. Which substance cannot be decomposed into simpler substances? A)    MethaneB)    AmmoniaC)    MethanolD)    Aluminum

Correct Answer: Option D - Aluminum

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19. A solid A is placed in contact with solid B. When will heat flow spontaneously from A to B? A)    A is at a temperature of -25°C and B is at a temperature of -10°CB)    A is at a temperature of 20°C and B is at a temperature of 20°CC)    A is at a temperature of 20°C and B is at a temperature of 10°CD)    A is at a temperature of 25°C and B is at a temperature of 30°C

Correct Answer: Option C - A is at a temperature of 20°C and B is at a temperature of 10°C

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20. A temperature change from 60°C to 90°C has the least effect on the solubility of which of the following compositions? A)    SO2 (g)B)    KClO3(s)C)    NH3 (aq)D)    KCl(s)

Correct Answer: Option A - SO2 (g)

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22. A rigid cylinder with a movable piston contains a 2 L sample of neon gas at STP. What is the volume of this sample when its temperature is increased to 30°C while its pressure is decreased to 90 kilopascals? A)    2.5 LB)    1.6 LC)    3 LD)    0.25 L

Correct Answer: Option C - 3 L

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23. Among the statements below; which one describes a chemical property? A)    It dissolves in alcohol.B)    Its crystals are a metallic gray.C)    It reacts with hydrogen to form a gas.D)    It forms a violet-colored gas.

Correct Answer: Option C - It reacts with hydrogen to form a gas.

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24. Two solid samples each contain sulfur, oxygen, and sodium, only. These samples have the same color, melting point, density, and reaction with an aqueous barium chloride solution. It can be concluded that the two samples are the same A)    MixtureB)    CompoundC)    SolutionD)    Element

Correct Answer: Option B - Compound

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25. How many joules of heat are absorbed when 70.0 grams of water is completely vaporized at its boiling point? A)    15,813B)    23,300C)    6,000D)    158,130

Correct Answer: Option D - 158,130

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26. Among the equations below; which equation represents a physical change? A)    H2O(s) + 6.01 kJ → H2O(l)B)    2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g) + 483.6 kJC)    H2(g) + I2(g) + 53.0 kJ → 2HI(g)D)    N2(g) + 2O2(g) + 66.4 kJ → 2NO2(g)

Correct Answer: Option A - H2O(s) + 6.01 kJ → H2O (l)

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27. What Kelvin temperature is equal to 40°C? A)    298 KB)    100 KC)    200 KD)    313 K

Correct Answer: Option D - 313 K

00C = 273 KHence, to change Celsius to Kelvin we can add 273 to

the temperature measured in degree Celsius.40°C + 273 = 313 K

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28. In an experiment, a student found 21.6% by mass of water in a sample of BaCl2.2H2O. The accepted value is 12.6%. What was the student's experimental percentage error? A)    3/18.6x100B)    9/12.6x100C)    9/21.6x100D)    12.6/21.6x100

Correct Answer: Option B - 9/12.6x100

(Calculated value - accepted value)/ accepted value x 100 =

21.6 - 12.6 / 12.6 x 100 = 9 / 12.6 x 100

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30. Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does oxygen gas behave least like an ideal gas? A)    Low temperature and low pressureB)    Low temperature and high pressureC)    High temperature and low pressureD)    High temperature and high pressure

Correct Answer: Option B - Low temperature and high pressure

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