Upload File

the periodic table atomic number (number of protons) symbol atomic mass period

  • Home
  • Documents
  • The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period
73
The Periodic Table

Upload: baldwin-shaw

Post on 01-Jan-2016

225 views

Category:

Documents


3 download

Report

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Page 2: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Atomic Number (number of protons)

Symbol

Atomic Mass

Period

Page 3: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Groups are based on number of valence electrons (electrons in the outer shell or energy level) of each element

Page 4: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic TableDot Diagrams

Page 5: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Page 6: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

LithiumAtomic Number (number of protons)

Period

Symbol

Atomic Mass

Page 7: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

               

            

 

Number of Energy Levels: 2

First Energy Level: 2 Second Energy Level: 1

Lithium

Page 8: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

BerylliumAtomic Number (number of protons)

Symbol

Atomic MassPeriod

Page 9: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

               

            

 

Number of Energy Levels: 2

First Energy Level: 2 Second Energy Level: 2

Beryllium

Page 10: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

Boron

Atomic Number (number of protons)

Symbol

Atomic MassPeriod

Page 11: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

Boron

               

            

 

Number of Energy Levels: 2

First Energy Level: 2 Second Energy Level: 3

Page 12: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

SodiumAtomic Number (number of protons)

Symbol

Atomic Mass

Period

Page 13: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

Sodium Number of Energy Levels: 3

1st Energy Level: 2

2nd Energy Level: 8

3rd Energy Level: 1

Page 14: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

Number of Energy Levels: 4

1st Energy Level: 2

2nd Energy Level: 8

3rd Energy Level: 8

4th Energy Level: 1

Page 15: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

Number of Energy Levels: 5

1st Energy Level: 2

2nd Energy Level: 8

3rd Energy Level: 18

4th Energy Level: 8

5th Energy Level: 1

Page 16: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

Number of Energy Levels: 6

1st Energy Level: 2

2nd Energy Level: 8

3rd Energy Level: 18

4th Energy Level: 18

5th Energy Level: 8

6th Energy Level: 1

Page 17: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Patterns of Valence Electrons

Number of Energy Levels: 7

1st Energy Level: 2

2nd Energy Level: 8

3rd Energy Level: 18

4th Energy Level: 32

5th Energy Level: 18

6th Energy Level: 8

7th Energy Level: 1

Page 18: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

A row of elements across the periodic table is called a Period

The atomic number increases one at a time across a period of elements

Page 19: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Period 2 starts with Lithium

Period 2

and continues across to Neon

Page 20: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Page 21: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Elements with the same number of valence electrons have similar properties

Page 22: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

For example, lithium, sodium,

Page 23: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

For example, lithium, sodium, and the rest of the elements in Group 1 are all alkali metals which are very reactive

Alkali Metals

Page 24: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

GROUP 1

Page 25: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

GROUP 1 Alkali Metals

1 Valence electron in outer shell. Very REACTIVE

Page 26: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

GROUP 18

NOBEL GASES

Page 27: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

GROUP 18

NOBEL GASES

8 Valence Electrons in outer shell. Very Stable

Page 28: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

GROUP 17

HALOGENS

Page 29: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

GROUP 17

HALOGENS

7 Valence Electrons in outer shell. Very Reactive

Page 30: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Other metals Groups 2 through 12

Page 31: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Most have 1, 2, or 3 Valence electrons

Page 32: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

They react by losing electrons

Page 33: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Other Nonmetals (Green)

Page 34: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

React by gaining electrons

Page 35: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Metalloids (Yellow)

Page 36: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Behave as metals or nonmetals

Page 37: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Can lose or share electrons

Page 38: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Hydrogen

Page 39: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Considered a nonmetal

Page 40: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Located above Group 1

Page 41: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

One valence electron

Page 42: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

Very REACTIVE

Page 43: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

The Periodic Table

QUESTIONS?

Page 44: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

What is a chemical formula?

Compounds can be represented by chemical formulas

Page 45: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

A chemical formula is a combination of symbols that shows the ratio of elements in a compound.

Page 46: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Formulas of Ionic Compounds

MgCl2

The formula for magnesium chloride.

Page 47: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Formulas of Ionic Compounds

MgCl2 (Magnesium Chloride)

One Magnesium ion

Two Chloride ions

Page 48: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Formulas of Ionic Compounds

MgCl2

Mg

Cl

Cl

2+

1-

1-

Page 49: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Formulas of Ionic Compounds

NaCl

One Sodium ion

One Chloride ion

Page 50: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Formulas of Ionic Compounds

NaCl

Na Cl

1+

1-

Page 51: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Naming Ionic Compounds

The name of the positive ion comes first…

Followed by the name of the negative ion

Page 52: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Naming Ionic Compounds

If the negative ion is a single element the end of its name changes to -ide

MgO = Magnesium Oxide

NaCl = Sodium Chloride

Page 53: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Chemical Formulas and Names

Naming Ionic Compounds

If the negative ion is a polyatomic element the end of its name changes to –ate or -ite

NH4NO3 = Ammonium Nitrate

Page 54: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Ionic Compounds

They have opposite charges and opposite charges attract

Why do sodium and chloride ions bond together?

Page 55: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Ionic Compounds General Properties or Characteristics of Ionic Compounds

•High melting points•Conduct electricity when dissolved or melted

•Hard, brittle crystals

•Energy is required to break ionic bonds

Page 56: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Ionic Compounds

What are Ionic compounds?

Ionic compounds are compounds that consist of positive and negative compounds

Page 57: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Molecular Compounds

What are Molecular compounds?

Molecular compounds are compounds that contain molecules bonded with COVALENT bonds

Page 58: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

What is a covalent bond?

The chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons

Page 59: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

How Covalent Bonds Form

F F

F F

Page 60: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent bonds usually form between atoms of nonmetals

Ionic Compounds vs Molecular Compounds

Ionic bonds usually form when a metal combines with a nonmetal

Page 61: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

In Ionic bonding, atoms give up or gain an electron

Ionic Compounds vs Molecular Compounds

In covalent bonding, atoms share electrons

Page 62: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

NaCl

Na Cl

1+ 1-

Ionic Compounds vs Molecular Compounds

Ionic Bonding

Page 63: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

F F

F F

Ionic Compounds vs Molecular Compounds

Covalent Bonding

Page 64: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

What is a covalent bond?

The chemical bond that forms when two atoms share electrons

Page 65: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

O

H H

Hydrogen Atom Hydrogen Atom

Oxygen Atom

Water Molecule with two covalent bonds

Page 66: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

How many covalent bonds can an atom form?

Oxygen has 6 valence electrons so it can form 2 covalent bonds

O

Page 67: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

How many covalent bonds can an atom form?

The exception is Hydrogen which only needs two electrons to be complete

H

Page 68: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

How many covalent bonds can an atom form?

Each Hydrogen atom can form one bond because it only needs 2 electrons to be stable

H

Page 69: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

NHH

H

Hydrogen Atoms

Nitrogen Atom

Page 70: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

NHH

H

Ammonia molecule…

Three covalent bonds

Page 71: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

Double and Triple Bonds

O O

Oxygen Atom

Oxygen Atom

Page 72: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

Double and Triple Bonds

OO

Oxygen Molecule

Page 73: The Periodic Table Atomic Number (number of protons) Symbol Atomic Mass Period

Covalent Bonds

Double and Triple Bonds

Go to page 32 of your textbook


Atomic Physics Atomic Notation A X Z X – symbol of the atom Z – atomic number (no of protons) A – mass number 14 C 6 C – carbon Z = 6, the number of protons

Electrons Chemistry Dr. May Atomic Inventory Protons (Atomic Number) Neutrons (Atomic Mass minus Protons) Electrons (Same number as protons)

Chemistry Notes Lindstrom 2010. Elements ELEMENTS Atomic number: number of protons in an atom's Atomic number: number of protons in an atom's nucleus;

Electrolyte disturbances Cardiovascular Tests. 2 Definitions! Protons + are positively charged particles ( atomic number is the number of protons) example

Atoms and Elements Chapter 1. How do we draw atoms? 1. Look at the Atomic number 2. Atomic number = # protons in the atom 3. # protons = # electrons in

The Chemistry of Life · Atomic Number •The number of protons in an atom determines the atom’s atomic number. •For example, an element with the atomic number 2 has 2 protons,

Atoms. Atomic Number Identifies the element Identifies the element Atomic # = #protons= # electrons Atomic # = #protons= # electrons Is the number of

CHAPTER 2 AP CHEM. 2.2 REVIEW 1.Atomic Number, Mass Number, Atomic Symbol Atomic number, Z, is the number of protons An atomic symbol represents the element

Atoms / Elements Different number of protons Protons found in nucleus # of protons = atomic number Since atom is electrically neutral: #protons = # electrons

Atomic Number Number of Protons. Mass Number Number of Protons + Neutrons

Atomic Structure BASIC INFORMATION. atoms are made up of: protons (+ charge) neutrons (no charge) electrons (- charge) atomic number = # protons Lithium’s

Atomic Structure-Notesvijaynazare.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/.../structure_of...It cannot explain the atomic spectra. Atomic Number and Mass Number Atomic number (Z) = Number of protons

Atomic Structure Test Review 166 point total. 1.The atomic number is the number of protons. 2. The mass number is the number of protons and neutrons

Atomic Structure. Rules Of Atomic Structure 1.The Number of electrons = number of protons 2.Atomic Number = the number of protons/electrons 3.Atomic Mass

What’s in my atom? Protons = atomic number Electrons = atomic number Neutrons = relative atomic mass –. atomic number Sub-atomic particles Atoms are made

THE PERIODIC TABLE is arranged in order of increasing number of protons. atomic numberthe atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus

The Mole Unit 3 The Mole So far we have been dealing with numbers on the atomic scale… –Atomic Number = # of protons –Mass Number = # of protons + #

Atomic Structure and Periodic Table SHOW-DOWN!!. Look at the atom Mg What is the: Atomic number Atomic mass Mass number Number of protons

PRACTICE DRAWING ATOMS. DRAWING ATOMS RULES PROTONS = Atomic number ELECTRONS = Atomic number NEUTRONS = mass number – atomic number 1 st level can hold

Atomic Number & Mass Number Atomic number = the number of protons

Atomic Structure - CHEMISTRY IN EARTH SYSTEMS · 2020. 3. 11. · How to find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons: Protons Number of Protons The number of protons an element

2 X A Z Mass Number Atomic Number Element Symbol Atomic number (Z) = number of protons in nucleus Mass number (A) = number of protons + number of neutrons

Number of Protons = Number of Electrons Number of Protons = Atomic Number Atomic Mass = Protons + Neutrons

The Chemistry of Matter Abel’s Elements To Know. Quick Facts Atomic Number = number of protons Atomic Number = number of protons 298 K = room temperature

Atomic number...Atomic number (Z) is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Ex. Helium atom has 2 protons Atomic number of helium (Z) = number of protons = 2 Mass

Atomic Structure 1. Atomic and Mass Number The number of protons in an atom = atomic number (symbol “Z”) The mass = protons + neutrons (symbol “A”) Mass

Atomic Number Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons. Atoms of the same element all have the same number of protons. The atomic

Mass # atomic # protons + neutrons = protons = Atomic Symbols

ElementSymbol Atomic Number Atomic Mass # Protons # Electrons # Neutrons OXYGEN O COBALT Co LEAD Pb

CHEMISTRY!REVIEW!faculty.mtsac.edu/mpresch/36_documents/Anat 36 CHem Review.pdfElements = every specific type of atom Atomic number: # protons Atomic mass: #protons + # neutrons

Physical Science Mr. Bythwood Protons (+): Atomic Number Neutrons: Atomic Mass minus Protons Electrons (-): Same number as Protons

Atomic number = # of protons = # of electrons (neutral atom)

Atomic Number & Mass Number Atomic number = the number of protons Mass number = the number of nucleons (protons & neutrons) A neutral atom has the same

Atomic Structure - boun.edu.tr · 2017-02-09 · Atomic Structure Every different atom has a characteristic number of protons in the nucleus. atomic number = number of protons Atoms

4.2. ATOMIC NUMBER Elements are different because they contain different numbers of protons. Atomic number = # protons = # electrons in a neutral atom