North Carolina Office of Archives and History

The Moravian Church by Adelaide L. Fries; J. Kenneth PfohlReview by: Thomas M. PittmanThe North Carolina Historical Review, Vol. 3, No. 3 (July, 1926), pp. 516-517Published by: North Carolina Office of Archives and HistoryStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/23517149 .

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516 The North Carolina Historical Review

giving important attention to Spanish records. The North Carolina

Historical Commission has already procured some ten thousand

copies of documents from the Spanish archives and is pressing this

collection with a vigor that promises to make it a great if not the

greatest depository of such records in America. At least four books

which have or are receiving notice from this Review have touched

upon this situation.

In the present volume Prof. Bolton deals with that phase of the

question which relates to Georgia. In collaboration with Miss Mary Ross he presents an introductory discussion of matters relating to

the Spanish and English settlements and the controversies con

nected therewith, entitled "The Debatable Land." This is followed

by an English translation and the original Spanish Text of Antonio

Arredondo's report and argument in support of the Spanish title.

Arredondo was in 1742 chief of staff in the Spanish campaign

against Georgia, and saw service on the disputed frontier as engi

neer, diplomat and soldier. His narrative was in effect a reply to

the English contentions advanced in the controversies of 1721-25

and 1736-37.

The book is a valuable contribution to the literature of the

English-Spanish controversy over American territory and whets our

appetite for the publication of the records now being gathered in our

own archives. Thomas M. Pittman.

The Moravian Chubcii. By Adelaide L. Fries, M.A., Archivist of the Mora

vian Church in America, Southern Province, and J. Kenneth Pfohl. D.D.,

Pastor of the Home Moravian Church. Raleigh. Edwards & Broughton

Company. 1926. pp. 973.

The Moravians have been more fortunate than most others in

having their history published to the people of North Carolina. We

note an anonymous appendix in Martin's History, Eeichel's Mora

vians in North Carolina, The History of Wachovia, The Moravian

Eecords (two volumes, a third in press). To these may be added the

Life of Bishop Spangenberg, the Urlsperger Eeports, A section in

Bernheim's German Settlers in the Carolinas and various pamphlets, and magazines and newspaper articles. In all quite a worthy body of literature for this small interesting section of North Carolina.

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Book Reviews 517

Miss Fries has been a painstaking and prolific contributor to this

literature, in which her personal interest has found expression in

fine literary taste and sound historical sense.

The present volume is rather lacking in historical detail and is

more a hand-book or outline of history, introduced by a chapter on

"Easter Morning," and consisting of Part One "Yesterday," by Miss

Fries, and Part Two "Today," by Dr. Pfohl.

Part One deals with John Hus and the organization of the Unitas

Fratum or Moravian Church, its European vicissitudes, and the

colony of Georgia broken up by the war between that colony and the

Spanish in Florida, its removal to Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, in

1740, from which twelve years later plans were made for the North

Carolina settlement.

Part Two deals with the doctrines, principles, customs, practices and polity of the Moravian Church, placing special emphasis upon its

missionary enterprise and activities, its catholic spirit, its music and

hymnology. Thomas M. Pittman.

The Tillman Movement in South Cabolina. By Francis Butler Simkins,

Assistant Professor of History in Emory University. Duke University

Press, Durham, North Carolina. 1926. Price $2.50.

When Populism reigned rampant in North Carolina and other

states, South Carolina remained steadily in the Democratic column,

but under the domination of its most radical element.

This book tells the story of the rise and power of Benjamin R.

Tillman. It touches upon the social aspects where an aristocracy, of

which there was none prouder or more autocratic in existence, had

been accustomed to rule without question. Underneath such rule

was contempt on one hand of the inferior orders, and resentment on

the other, which only waited for leadership and expression. Tillman

furnished both leadership and expression and the proud aristocracy

of South Carolina became the under dog in the political fight. Wade

Hampton and men of like character and position were flouted from

office. The State University was reduced in rank and importance,

and humiliation became the daily experience of those accustomed

to lead.

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