the intertestamental period myron c. kauk. chronology at the end of the old testament 722 bc –...
TRANSCRIPT
The Intertestamental Period
Myron C. Kauk
Chronology at the End of the Old Testament
• 722 BC – Assyria Conquers Israel• 586 BC – Babylon Conquers Judah• 538 BC – Persia Conquers Babylon• 536 BC – Exiles Begin to Return• 516 BC – Second Temple Completed• 480 BC – Esther Queen of Persia• 444 BC – Nehemiah Rebuilds Walls• 430 BC – Malachi
600 B.C. 590 B.C. 580 B.C. 570 B.C. 560 B.C. 550 B.C. 540 B.C. 530 B.C.
(?) Habakkuk
Persian Period
Cyrus (Persia)
Ezekiel
(?)Joel
(?) Cyrus regins over Elam and Persia (?) Persia and Media united
Crosus of Lydia defeated by Cyrus
Babylon captured by Persians
Ezra
Zerubbabel
Decree of Cyrus, Jews arrive in Jerusalem
Cambyses
Darius Hystaspis
Haggai and Zechariah
(?)Nineveh falls to Neb.
Pharaoh Necho II (Egypt)
Necho invades Palestine, Josiah slain at Megiddo
Necho driven back by Neb.
Nebuchadnezzar invades Palestine, First deportation incl. Daniel
Nebuchadnezzar
Jehoiachin revolts, Second deportation incl. Ezekiel
(-?) Zedekiah, last King of Judah
Fall of Jerusalem, Babylonian Exile (Third Deportation)
Lament.
Gedeliah murdered, Jews flee to Egypt
Evil-Merodach
Jehoiachin released from prison
(-?)Nabonidus
Belshazzar reigns with Nabonidus
Persian Rulers
• Cyrus (556-527 BC)• Cambyses (527-521 BC)• Darius Hystaspis (521-586 BC)• Xerxes (486-465 BC)• Artaxerxes Longimanus (465-424 BC)• Xerxes II (424-423 BC)• Darius Nothus (423-404 BC)• Artaxerxes Mnemon (404-358 BC)• Ochus (358-338 BC)• Arsus (338-336 BC)• Darius III (336-331 BC)
530 B.C. 520 B.C. 510 B.C. 500 B.C. 490 B.C. 480 B.C. 470 B.C. 460 B.C. 450 B.C.
Babylon captured by Persians
Decree of Cyrus, Jews arrive in Jerusalem
Cambyses
Darius Hystaspis
Haggai and Zechariah
Second Temple completed
Darius defeated at Marathon Xerxes (Ahasuerus)
Esther
Artaxerxes Longimanus
(?) Psalms (some)
The Return from Babylon
Ezra goes to Jerusalem from Babylon
(?) Malachi
Rebuilding of walls
Nehemiah goes to Jerusalem
Belshazzar reigns with Nabonidus
470 B.C. 460 B.C. 450 B.C. 440 B.C. 430 B.C. 420 B.C. 410 B.C.
Artaxerxes Longimanus
(?) Psalms (some)
The Return from Babylon
Ezra goes to Jerusalem from Babylon
(?) Malachi
Rebuilding of walls
Nehemiah goes to Jerusalem
Nehemiah
Nehemiah returns to Shushan
(-?)Nehemiah returns to Jer.
Inter-Testament Period
Xerxes II. and Sogdianus
Darius Nothus
Artaxerxes Mnemon
Alexander the Great
• 336 – Crowned King of Macedonia
• 333 – Battle of Isis, Conquers Syria
• 332 – Conquers Egypt, Visits Jerusalem
• 331 – Battle of Arbela, Conquers Persia
• 323 – Dies in Babylon
Ptolemies and Seleucids
• Ptolemy Soter (323-285)• Ptolemy Philadelphus (285-
246)• Ptolemy Euergetes (246-221)• Ptolemy Philopator (221-204)• Ptolemy Epiphanes (204-182)• Ptolemy Eupator (182-181)• Ptolemy Philometor (181-145)
• Seleucus Nicator (312-280)• Antiocus Soter (280-260)• Antiocus Theus (260-246)• Seleucus Calinicus (246-227)• Seleucus Ceraenus (227-223)• Antiochus the Great (223-187)• Seleucus Philapator (187-176)• Antiochus Epiphanes (175-
163)• Antiochus Eupator (163-162)• Demetrius Soter (162-151)
340 B.C. 330 B.C. 320 B.C. 310 B.C. 300 B.C. 290 B.C. 280 B.C. 270 B.C.
Arsus, or Arogus
Grecian or Macedonian Supremacy
Alexander the Great crowned King of Macedon
Darius III
Alexander visits Jerusalem
Onias I., son of Jaddua
High priests of the Macedonian Period
Egypt under the Ptolemies - "Kings of the South"
Ptolemy I., Lagi [Soter]
Alexander dies, empire is divided
Judaea annexed to Egypt by Ptolemy Soter
Syria under the Seleucids - "Kings of the North"
Seleucus Nicator
Simon "the Just," son of Onias Eleazar, brother of Simon the Just
Ptolemy II., Philadelphus
Antiochus Soter
Manesseh, brother of Simon the Just
Antiochus Theus
260 B.C. 250 B.C. 240 B.C. 230 B.C. 220 B.C. 210 B.C. 200 B.C. 190 B.C. 180 B.C.
Manesseh, brother of Simon the Just
Antiochus Theus
Onias II., son of Simon the Just
(?) Ptolemy encourages LXX
Ptolemy III., Euergetes
Seleucus Callinicus - Unsuccessfully contests with Ptolemy for Pal.
Seleucus Ceraunus
Antiochus the Great
Ptolemy IV., Philopator
Simon II., son of Onias II
Ptolemy V., Epiphanes
Antiochus takes Jerusalem
Onias III., son of Simon II
Antiochus annexes Judaea to Syria
Seleucus Philopator
Ptolemy VI., Eupator
Ptolemy VII., Philometor
Jason, brother of Onias III buys the office from Antiochus
Antiochus Ephipanes
The Hasmoneans
• Judas Maccabaeus (166-160)• Jonathan Maccabaeus (160-143)• Simon Maccabaeus (143-135)• John Hyrcanus (135-104)• Aristobulus (104-103)• Alexander Jannaeus (103-76)• Salome Alexandra (76-69)• Hyrcanus II and Aristobulus II (69-63)
180 B.C. 170 B.C. 160 B.C. 150 B.C. 140 B.C. 130 B.C. 120 B.C. 110 B.C. 100 B.C.
Ptolemy VI., Eupator
Ptolemy VII., Philometor
Jason, brother of Onias III buys the office from Antiochus
Antiochus Ephipanes
Antiochus makes Jason high priest, removing Onias
Menelaus outbids and supplants Jason
Antiochus desecrates Jerusalem Temple
Maccabean Period
Judas Maccabaeus, "Prince of the Jews"
Antiochus V., Eupator
Menelaus put to death by Antiochus
Demetrius I., Soter
Jonathan Maccabaeus, Judas' brother
Alexander Balas
Demetrius II., Nicator. (Antiochus VI., a child); Trypho
Ptolemy VIII., Philopator Neos
Ptolemy IX., Physcon
Simon Maccabaeus, Judas' brother
Simon becomes high priest
Antiochus VII., Sidetes
John Hyrcanus, son of Simon
Demetrius II., (again). Civil strife.
Antiochus VIII., Grypus
Ptolemy X., Lathyrus
First mention of Pharasees and Sadducees
Aristobulus, son of Hyrcanus, "King of the Jews"
Alexander Jannaeus, Aristobulus' brother
Seleucus Epiphanes, and others
Civil war between Pharisee and Sadducee factions
90 B.C. 80 B.C. 70 B.C. 60 B.C. 50 B.C. 40 B.C. 30 B.C. 20 B.C.
First mention of Pharasees and Sadducees
Aristobulus, son of Hyrcanus, "King of the Jews"
Alexander Jannaeus, Aristobulus' brother
Seleucus Epiphanes, and others
Civil war between Pharisee and Sadducee factions
Tigranes, the Armenian
Ptolemy XI. and XII., claimants
Prolemy XIII., Auletes
Civil war between Hyr. II and Aristobulus II
Syria a Roman province
Cleopatra
Hyrcanus given Priesthood by Caesar
Antigonus Maccabee
Hillel and Shammai, teachers in Jerusalem
Hyrcanus executed by Herod
Egypt made a Roman province
Restoration of Temple begins
Roman Rule
Pompey conquers Pal. and Jer.
First Triumverate
Crassus plunders Temple
Antipater procurater of Judaea
Second Triumverate
Antipater assasinated
Herod the Great slays Antigonus, rules Judaea
Augustus made Roman emperor
The Romans
• Julius Caesar (49-44 BC)• Mark Antony (44-31 BC)• Augustus (31 BC – AD 14)• Tiberius (AD 14-37)• Caligula (AD 37-41)• Claudius (AD 41-54)• Nero (AD 54-68)• Galba (AD 68-69)• Vitellius (AD 69)• Vespasian (AD 69-79)• Titus (AD 79-81)• Domitian (AD 81-96)
Credits
• Maps from Logos Bible Software – www.logos.com
• Timelines from Bibleworks – www.bibleworks.com
• Geneology from www.bible-history.com
• Ptolemies and Seleucids – Bible Knowledge Commentary