The Industrial Revolution(1750-1914)

PART I

Take-Home Multiple Choice

Honor Code

I understand that this is an independent assignment and that I can not receive any assistance from any other person. I will conduct all of my own research and will answer the questions to the best of my ability.

____________________________ ___________ ____________________________ Student Name Date Student Signature

1. After the French Revolution, the ideals of republican liberty in France wereA. fully achieved by the DirectoryB. compromised by the dictatorship of NapoleonC. partially realized under RobespierreD. embraced by the Roman Catholic ChurchE. confused with democratic liberalism

2. Which of the following nations formed an informal coalition against France after the execution of Louis XVI?

A. Prussia, Italy, and AustriaB. Britain, Spain, and AustriaC. Russia, Denmark, and BritainD. Germany, Belgium, and PortugalE. Holland, Ireland, and Spain

3. In the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon did which of the following?A.He achieved complete political control over SpainB.He achieved peace with other European kingdomsC.He gave control over the church in France to the popeD. He concluded an alliance with RussiaE. He had the Catholic Church recognized as the predominant faith in France

4. All of the following can be catalysts that lead to political revolution exceptA. a large underclass of oppressed peopleB. a corrupt and obvious regimeC. an active land-reform movementD. excessive taxationE. a large gap between rich and poor

5. A major encouragement to industrialization in the nineteenth century was the development ofA. labor unionsB. steam powerC. reform movementsD. land grantsE. transoceanic shipping lanes

6. The survival of Great Britain during the Napoleonic period was primarily die toA. the collapse of Italian nationalismB. its alliance with PortugalC. its dominant naval powerD. Prussian duplicity in switching sides during the warE. the leadership of Lord Baltimore

7. The paintings of Goya played a role inA. encouraging Spanish nationalism during the Napoleonic eraB. helping keep peace between Spain and France after the revolutionC. romanticizing the life of the rural poor in PortugalD. eclipsing the work of the Dutch masters during the nineteenth centuryE. promoting Protestantism in France after 1800

8. The final defeat of Napoleonic France was mostly caused byA. the resistance of the United States to the practice of impressment at seaB. overextension of its military reachC. Prussian naval power

D. the disintegration of its overseas empireE. the defeat at Trafalgar

9. The chief aim of the Napoleonic continental system was toA. forge an alliance with Great BritainB. bring most of the Mediterranean under French controlC. intimidate the Irish into attacking ScotlandD. exclude British trade from the rest of EuropeE. partition Germany among the powers of Europe

10. Which of the following was not a result of Napoleon’s Grand Empire?A. Feudal dues were abolished in some conquered territoriesB. Belgium’s nationhood was recognizedC. Serfdom was ended in many parts of EuropeD. Heavy taxes were levied in occupied territoriesE. German nationalism was given a boost

11. The Constitutional Charter of 1814 achieved which of the following in France?A. The Bourbon dynasty was reinstated as a limited monarchyB. All rights were restored to the aristocracyC. Protestantism was bannedD. Austrian occupation of Paris was formalizedE. Louis XVIII became an absolutist sovereign

12. In the preindustrial era, European goods were often moved viaA. barges that connected different countriesB. wagons on paved roadsC. human-made canals that connected citiesD. mule trains across the countrysideE. crude steam-powered trucks

13. Which of the following features of the British nation encouraged industrialization after 1780?A. A large populationB. Technological know-howC. Available capital for investmentD. A gvoernment friendly to business interestsE. All of the above

14. Which two technological innovations greatly stimulated the textile industry in Great Britain by 1795?A. The cotton woofer and spinning jennyB. The astrolabe and shuttlecockC. The barometer and flying loomD. The spinning jenny and the water frameE. The wool splicer and lateral woof

15. In the early years of the industrial Revolution, factory owners often sought to hireA. older married womenB. children abandoned by their parentsC. nobles down on their luckD. educated middle-class peopleE. retired clergy

16. Nineteenth-century Great Britain was remarkable in the A. strictness of its mercantilistic policies

B. oppressive nature of its monarchyC. devotion it showed to King George IID. freedom it allowed to private entrepreneursE. liberal policies it implemented in India

17. Early eighteenth-century factories were often located onA. the coastB. mountainsidesC. canals built by steam shovelsD. the sides of valleysE. rivers

18. Which of the following natural resources greatly aided the developemnt of Britain’s industrialization?A. Copper and tinB. Lime and manganeseC. Coal and ironD. Oil and leadE. Iron and silver

19. The availability of efficient mechanical power in nineteenth-century Europe was achieved with the improvement of the

A. powered loomB. spinning jennyC. steam engineD. smokestackE. Bessemer process

20. The advantage of using carts on rails for moving goods and people isA. increased dragB. greater momentumC. smaller loadsD. longer rangeE. reduced friction

21. Conservatives in nineteenth-century Europe believed in protecting the A. existing social and political orderB. rights of women and childrenC. revolutionary ideals of RobespierreD. independence of HollandE. freedom of trade between nations

22. The industrial term division of labor in manufacturing means the A. creation of specialized tasks on the factory floorB. establishment of union organizationsC. worker makes the product entirelyD. creation of more management layers in companyE. labor gets divided into different factory shifts

23. Transitional elites in nineteenth-century Europe consisted mostly ofA. Catholic priests and middle-class merchantsB. company officials and lower nobilityC. professionals and businesspeopleD. peasants and artisansE. Aristocrats and high-level bureaucrats

24. Mass manufacturing of machines became more efficient after 1830 with the useA. plastic pressesB. cast-iron partsC. handmade steel partsD. iron smeltingE. interchangeable parts

25. Which of the following were important forces of ideological change in nineteenth-century Europe?A. Fascism and neoconservatismB. Nationalism and liberalismC. Moralism and LeninismD. Victorian ideals and MarxismE. Global and monarchism

26. The postwar order after the defeat of Napoleon was fashioned at theA. Treaty of HelsinkiB. Geneva ConventionC. Congress of ViennaD. Versailles Convention E. Berlin Congress

27. A political stance that favored progressive change would be calledA. anarchisticB. libertarianC. conservativeD. radical E. liberal

28. After 1815, the european congress system was used somewhat regularly toA. create alliances against RussiaB. raise taxes from kingdomsC. settle international disputes and maintain the peaceD. punish France for the Napoleonic warsE. isolate Great Britain politically

29. Which of the following was the primary goal of the Holy Alliance in Europe after 1815?A. Suppressing the liberal legacy of eighteenth-century revolutionsB. Supporting the Catholic ChurchC. Ensuring that Russia did not become too dominant in eastern EuropeD. Mandating nonintervention in the affairs of other countriesE. Creating a balance between Protestant and Catholic kingdoms

30. Austria dominated which of the following political entities during the early nineteenth century?A. The Holy Roman EmpireB. The Scandinavian LeagueC. The Low CountriesD. The German ConfederationE. The Papal States

31. Metternich represented which of the following visions for Europe?A. A rising competition between Austria and NorwayB. A conservative order based on the privileges of the aristocracyC. Cooperative kingdoms using reforms to advance human rights

D. A defensive alliance between Britain and PrussiaE. The gradual acceptance of liberalism across the continent

32. Which of the following philosophers glorified the nation-state in his writings?A. Giuseppe MazziniB. Friedrich NietzscheC. Arthur SchopenhauerD. Georg HegelE. Charles Fournier

33. The revolutions of 1848 yielded which of the following results?A. The deposing of the popeB. The establishment of the Second Republic in FranceC. Marxist states being created in eastern EuropeD. New progress made by union workersE. Suffrage rights being expanded in Russia

34. The Reform Act of 1832 had which of the following effects in Great Britain?A. The monarchy was strengthened B. The number of males who could vote was doubledC. The poor were given more employment by the governmentD. The slave trade was allowed to continueE. The workday was lengthened in mines

35. Positivism was associated with which of the following nineteenth-century thinkers?A. Auguste ComteB. Prince MetternichC. Louis NapoleonD. Friedrich EngelsE. Louis Kossuth

36. Transatlantic voyages in the nineteenth century were shortened to weeks with the introduction ofA. steam-powered boatsB. new navigational equipmentC. larger lateen sailsD. larger prowsE. steel hulls

37. By the mid-nineteenth century, which city had replaced Amsterdam as the financial capital of Europe?

A. ParisB. RomeC. GlasgowD. LondonE. Berlin

38. All of the following were ideas associated with karl Marx exceptA. economic determinismB. glorification of the nation-stateC. class struggleD. the eventual victory of the proletariatE. dialectical materialism

39. The Crimean War helped inaugurate which of the following professions?

A. Chemical engineeringB. Corporate lawC. Investment bankingD. Modern nursingE. Political science

40. Which of the following explains the so-called Eastern Question of the nineteenth century?A. The Prussian takeover of Polish territory after 1820B. The decline of Ottoman Turkey in the Balkan regionC. Russia’s interest in FinlandD. The ethnic tensions within the Austria-Hungarian EmpireE. Wilhelm II’s desire to unite with Bavaria

41. All the following are features of Marxist theory exceptA. class struggleB. capitalistic benefitsC. proletarian overthrow of moneyed interestsD. bourgeois exploitation of the workersE. international unity of all workers

42. Early factory workers found it difficult to adjust toA. higher salariesB. regular hours under close supervisionC. shorter work daysD. cleaner facilities to work inE. being around so many other people

43. The European textile industry suffered in the early nineteenth century when A. Germany declared war on Denmark B. a revolution in Haiti disrupted businessC. the United States boycotted goods from FranceD. a cotton blight struckE. cheap British goods flooded continental markets

44. The Industrial Revolution gave a boost to which of the following industries in nineteenth-century Europe?

A. Fishing and transportationB. Metalworking and constructionC. Silk weaving and stone cutting D. Weaving and grain millingE. Food processing and banking

45. A way for a nation to protect itself from cheap foreign imports is toA. steal technology from more advanced nationsB. lower prices on domestic manufactured itemsC. set high tariffs on incoming goodsD. form economic alliances with powerful nationsE. limit exports to neighboring countries

46. Which of the following was essential to the success of continental European industrialization in the nineteenth century?

A. Growing empires abroadB. The development of joint-stock investment banksC. New territory won in wars

D. Conservative monarchies that favored business interestsE. Rising labor costs

47. Buildings in urban areas during the early industrial era were often blackened byA. burning wood used for fuelB. fires from local kilnsC. young gangs who vandalized wallsD. the burning of coal to heat homes and power factoriesE. acid rain that fell during summer showers

48. Liberalism in the nineteenth century demanded what kind of government?A. Enlightened despotismB. Representative governmentC. Totalitarian ruleD. An oligarchic systemE. A strong monarchy

49. Eighteenth-century mercantilism was challenged in the nineteenth century by the ideas ofA. technological conservatismB. democratic republicanismC. laissez-faire capitalismD. regulatory interventionE. rugged individualism

50. The right to vote in the early nineteenth century was largely defined byA. familial ties to the monarchyB. property ownership and business successC. poll taxes, which some should not affordD. literacy testE. professional qualifications