The Gospel Quartet:The Gospel Quartet:The Basso ProfundoThe Basso Profundo

The Gospel according to JohnThe Gospel according to John

RememberingRemembering

Gospel of MarkGospel of Mark::Portrait of Jesus—Portrait of Jesus—The Son of God who The Son of God who arrives with great arrives with great authority to overcome authority to overcome all other powers that all other powers that demean, demoralize, demean, demoralize, demonize, demonize, dehumanize, diminishdehumanize, diminish

RememberingRemembering

Gospel of MatthewGospel of Matthew::

Portrait of Jesus—The Portrait of Jesus—The Messiah King who fulfills Messiah King who fulfills Old Testament prophecy, Old Testament prophecy, relives the life of Israel, relives the life of Israel, teaches the life of teaches the life of discipleship, and rises to discipleship, and rises to rule over all nationsrule over all nations

RememberingRemembering

Gospel of LukeGospel of Luke::

Portrait of Jesus—The Portrait of Jesus—The wise Teacher and Healer wise Teacher and Healer who cares for the sick who cares for the sick and marginalized, and and marginalized, and brings the world to brings the world to worship through the worship through the witness of the churchwitness of the church

What Do We Know about the What Do We Know about the Author?Author?

Early Church Testimony:Early Church Testimony: Author is John, the Beloved Disciple Author is John, the Beloved Disciple

((IrenaeusIrenaeus)) Author is an “apostle” (Author is an “apostle” (TertullianTertullian)) Written in Ephesus (Written in Ephesus (Origen, ClementOrigen, Clement)) Last Gospel to be written (Last Gospel to be written (Irenaeus, Irenaeus,

EusebiusEusebius)) Written under urging from others (Written under urging from others (ClementClement))

What Do We Know about the What Do We Know about the Author?Author?

Biblical Scholars on Fourth Gospel Author:Biblical Scholars on Fourth Gospel Author: Written by a Jew:Written by a Jew:

Knowledge of Jewish customsKnowledge of Jewish customsChoice of words and phrasesChoice of words and phrases

Written by a Jew of Palestine:Written by a Jew of Palestine:Knowledge of Palestinian geographyKnowledge of Palestinian geographyKnowledge of festival practices in JerusalemKnowledge of festival practices in Jerusalem

Written by an eyewitness:Written by an eyewitness:Knew specific topography & incident detailsKnew specific topography & incident details

Written by a disciple of Jesus:Written by a disciple of Jesus:Knew intimate & minor details of travels & eventsKnew intimate & minor details of travels & events

Written by John the Apostle, the Beloved DiscipleWritten by John the Apostle, the Beloved DiscipleInternal testimonyInternal testimony

Possible Chronology of John’s LifePossible Chronology of John’s LifeRaised in a moderately wealthy fish merchant home in Raised in a moderately wealthy fish merchant home in Capernaum (5-25 A.D.)Capernaum (5-25 A.D.)Called by Jesus to itinerant ministry (25-28 A.D.)Called by Jesus to itinerant ministry (25-28 A.D.)Cared for Mary, Jesus’ mother, in Jerusalem for 11 years (29-40 Cared for Mary, Jesus’ mother, in Jerusalem for 11 years (29-40 A.D.)A.D.)Stayed on in Jerusalem sharing Church leadership (40-68 A.D.)Stayed on in Jerusalem sharing Church leadership (40-68 A.D.)Left for Ephesus when the Jerusalem Church spread (68 A.D.); Left for Ephesus when the Jerusalem Church spread (68 A.D.); possibly wrote the Gospel there in the 70’spossibly wrote the Gospel there in the 70’sArrested by Domitian, tried in Rome & exiled to Patmos (82 Arrested by Domitian, tried in Rome & exiled to Patmos (82 A.D.), where he penned the book of RevelationA.D.), where he penned the book of RevelationReleased from Patmos at Domitian’s death (96 A.D.), returned Released from Patmos at Domitian’s death (96 A.D.), returned to Ephesus & wrote the Epistles; possibly wrote the Gospel in to Ephesus & wrote the Epistles; possibly wrote the Gospel in the late 90’sthe late 90’sDied sometime near 100 A.D. in Ephesus in his 90’sDied sometime near 100 A.D. in Ephesus in his 90’s

How Is the Gospel Shaped?How Is the Gospel Shaped?

Prologue: Re-Creation (1:1-18)Prologue: Re-Creation (1:1-18)The “Book of Signs” (1:19-12:50)The “Book of Signs” (1:19-12:50)

Sign #1 – Water into WineSign #1 – Water into Wine Sign #2 – Nobleman’s Son RaisedSign #2 – Nobleman’s Son Raised Sign #3 – Man at Pool HealedSign #3 – Man at Pool Healed Sign #4 – Crowds FedSign #4 – Crowds Fed Sign #5 – Waters TamedSign #5 – Waters Tamed Sign #6 – Blind Man’s Eyes OpenedSign #6 – Blind Man’s Eyes Opened Sign #7 – Lazarus RaisedSign #7 – Lazarus Raised

The “Book of Glory” (13-20)The “Book of Glory” (13-20) Farewell DiscourseFarewell Discourse Death & ResurrectionDeath & Resurrection

Epilogue (21)Epilogue (21)

What Does the Prologue Tell Us?What Does the Prologue Tell Us?

Jesus is Divine (the “Logos”)Jesus is Divine (the “Logos”)

““Light” and “Darkness” explain everythingLight” and “Darkness” explain everything

Salvation is Re-Creation (“in the Salvation is Re-Creation (“in the beginning”)beginning”)

Jesus is known by way of Old Testament Jesus is known by way of Old Testament images and metaphors:images and metaphors: The Word “tabernacled” among usThe Word “tabernacled” among us We beheld his “glory”We beheld his “glory”

Sign & Sign & ReferenceReference

EventEvent NotesNotes O. T. ParallelO. T. Parallel Intervening Intervening ParallelsParallels

#1#1

2:1-112:1-11

Water into WineWater into Wine Creation Creation Days Days ParalleledParalleled

Genesis 3Genesis 3 Lives from Lives from GenesisGenesis

#2#2

4:43-544:43-54

Nobleman’s Son Nobleman’s Son RaisedRaised

No Ethnic No Ethnic Identity GivenIdentity Given

Genesis 4Genesis 4

#3#3

5:1-155:1-15

Man at Pool Man at Pool HealedHealed

““38 years”38 years” Deuteronomy Deuteronomy 2:142:14

Lives from Lives from ExodusExodus

#4#4

6:1-156:1-15

Crowds FedCrowds Fed ““in in wilderness”wilderness”

Exodus 16Exodus 16

#5#5

6:16-216:16-21

Waters TamedWaters Tamed Water ThreatWater Threat Exodus 14-Exodus 14-1717

Joshua 3-4Joshua 3-4

Lives from Lives from NumbersNumbers

#6#6

9:1-419:1-41

Blind Man’s Eyes Blind Man’s Eyes OpenedOpened

Ejected from Ejected from SynagoguesSynagogues

Isaiah 61Isaiah 61 Teaching of Teaching of ProphetsProphets

#7#7

11:1-4411:1-44

Lazarus RaisedLazarus Raised ““Good Good Shepherd”Shepherd”

Ezekiel 37:1-Ezekiel 37:1-1414

Then come Then come the Greeks!the Greeks!

John’s Unique Insight:John’s Unique Insight:Entry into Jerusalem (12):Entry into Jerusalem (12): For Mark—Jesus has no place, curses fig treeFor Mark—Jesus has no place, curses fig tree For Matthew—Jesus is the glory of God For Matthew—Jesus is the glory of God

returning to the Templereturning to the Temple For Luke—Jesus is the humble King who For Luke—Jesus is the humble King who

enters his capital city after the successful enters his capital city after the successful northern campaignsnorthern campaigns

For John—Jesus is the Sacrificial Lamb who For John—Jesus is the Sacrificial Lamb who enters the Passoverenters the Passover

Jesus’ silence (Isaiah 53)Jesus’ silence (Isaiah 53)Clear connection with the PassoverClear connection with the PassoverNo “Lord’s Supper” InstitutionNo “Lord’s Supper” InstitutionTiming of Last Meal & Passover EventsTiming of Last Meal & Passover Events

What Do Learn from the “Book of What Do Learn from the “Book of Glory”?Glory”?

The Farewell Discourse (13-17)The Farewell Discourse (13-17)Gathering Scene (unity with Jesus expressed in mutual love)Gathering Scene (unity with Jesus expressed in mutual love)

Prediction of disciple’s denialPrediction of disciple’s denialJesus’ departure tempered by Father’s powerJesus’ departure tempered by Father’s power

Promise of the “Paraclete”Promise of the “Paraclete” Troubling encounter with the WorldTroubling encounter with the World

““Abide in Me!” (Vine & Abide in Me!” (Vine & Branches teaching)Branches teaching) Troubling encounter with the WorldTroubling encounter with the World

Promise of the “Paraclete”Promise of the “Paraclete”Jesus’ departure tempered by Father’s powerJesus’ departure tempered by Father’s power

Prediction of disciple’s denialPrediction of disciple’s denialDeparting Prayer (unity with Jesus expressed in mutual love)Departing Prayer (unity with Jesus expressed in mutual love)

The Passion & Resurrection (18-20)The Passion & Resurrection (18-20)

What Do We Learn from the People What Do We Learn from the People in John’s Gospel?in John’s Gospel?

Nicodemus (3) & Judas (13): DoppelgangersNicodemus (3) & Judas (13): Doppelgangers Nicodemus comes by Night, leaves in LightNicodemus comes by Night, leaves in Light Judas comes with the Light, leaves and it is Judas comes with the Light, leaves and it is

NightNight

Samaritan Woman (4)Samaritan Woman (4)

Peter & John and the Empty Tomb (20)Peter & John and the Empty Tomb (20)

Mary Magdalene & Jesus in the Garden (20)Mary Magdalene & Jesus in the Garden (20)

What Do We Learn from the What Do We Learn from the Epilogue?Epilogue?

The Disciples & UncertaintyThe Disciples & Uncertainty

Jesus and the Catch of Fish (153)Jesus and the Catch of Fish (153)

Jesus and PeterJesus and Peter

The Fate of the Beloved DiscipleThe Fate of the Beloved Disciple

Recap: The Song of JesusRecap: The Song of Jesus

Matthew:Matthew: Jesus is the Hebrew Messiah King who rises from death to Jesus is the Hebrew Messiah King who rises from death to

rule over all nationsrule over all nations

Mark:Mark: Jesus is the powerful Son of God who battles all lesser Jesus is the powerful Son of God who battles all lesser

powers that seek to enslave uspowers that seek to enslave us

Luke:Luke: Jesus is the great Teacher & Healer who bring hope to the Jesus is the great Teacher & Healer who bring hope to the

marginalized through compassion caremarginalized through compassion care

John:John: Jesus is God, re-creating earth; Lord, re-playing the history Jesus is God, re-creating earth; Lord, re-playing the history

of Israel; and Savior, re-placing the Passover Lambof Israel; and Savior, re-placing the Passover Lamb