The Golden The Golden Age of Age of AthensAthens

•Formation of Delian Formation of Delian League League::

•Alliance between 140 city-Alliance between 140 city-statesstates

•Athens quickly emerged as Athens quickly emerged as Greek leaderGreek leader

Consequences of Consequences of the Persian Warthe Persian War

Consequences of Consequences of the Persian Warthe Persian War•Defeat of Persians + Defeat of Persians +

Athenian leadership = Athenian leadership = Athenian prestige Athenian prestige

•Resulted in the GOLDEN AGE Resulted in the GOLDEN AGE of ATHENSof ATHENS

Setting the StageSetting the Stage•477 to 431 BC477 to 431 BC: : •Intellectual & artistic learning Intellectual & artistic learning

greatly increasedgreatly increased•During the GOLDEN AGEDuring the GOLDEN AGE::•Drama, sculpture, poetry, Drama, sculpture, poetry,

science architecture, science architecture, philosophy, etc.philosophy, etc.

GoldeGolden n PoliticPoliticss

•Pericles, great Pericles, great Athenian Athenian leader leader

•3 GOALS for 3 GOALS for ATHENSATHENS::

•Strengthen democracy, Strengthen democracy, strengthen the empire & glorify strengthen the empire & glorify AthensAthens

Golden Golden PoliticsPolitics

Golden Golden PoliticsPolitics

•DemocracyDemocracy::•Increased the number Increased the number

of public officials of public officials who received who received salariessalaries

•Introduced direct democracy; Introduced direct democracy; allowed for increased allowed for increased participationparticipation

•EmpireEmpire::•Pericles built Pericles built

an extremely an extremely powerful powerful navynavy

•Strongest navy of its timeStrongest navy of its time•Greatly increased tradeGreatly increased trade

Golden Golden PoliticsPolitics

•Glorifying AthensGlorifying Athens::•Pericles began the Pericles began the

beautification of Athens beautification of Athens•Paid artists, architects and Paid artists, architects and

other workers to manage this other workers to manage this tasktask

Golden Golden PoliticsPolitics

Golden PoliticsGolden Politics•As Athens flourished, As Athens flourished,

resentment began to develop resentment began to develop on the Peloponnesus on the Peloponnesus Peninsula Peninsula

•Resisted Athens & formed Resisted Athens & formed their own alliance (The their own alliance (The PELOPONNESIAN LEAGUE)PELOPONNESIAN LEAGUE)

The The Golden Golden ArtsArts

Golden Golden ArtArt

•Art and SculptureArt and Sculpture::•Grace, strength, Grace, strength,

perfection perfection•Portrayal IDEAL beautyPortrayal IDEAL beauty•Focused on harmony, order, Focused on harmony, order,

balance and proportionbalance and proportion

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 1313

•Tragedy:Tragedy:•SERIOUS DRAMA; SERIOUS DRAMA;

love, hate, war & betrayal love, hate, war & betrayal•The main character is generally The main character is generally

a tragic hero with a fatal flaw, a tragic hero with a fatal flaw, usually excessive prideusually excessive pride

Golden Golden DramaDrama

•ComedyComedy::•Slapstick Slapstick

comedy comedy & crude & crude humorhumor

•Poked fun at politics, ideas Poked fun at politics, ideas and respected leadersand respected leaders

Golden Golden DramaDrama

ResentmeResentmentnt

•As Athenian As Athenian wealth & power wealth & power INCREASED, so did hostility INCREASED, so did hostility among other city-statesamong other city-states

•Led to the Peloponnesian Led to the Peloponnesian WarWar::

ResentmeResentmentnt

PeloponnesiaPeloponnesian Warn War

• Dates:Dates:• 431 – 404 BC431 – 404 BC• Opponents:Opponents:• Athens v. Athens v.

Sparta Sparta

Dates & Dates & OppositionOpposition

Major Events & FactsMajor Events & Facts• Civil warCivil war• Different strengths; evenly Different strengths; evenly

matchedmatched• WHY?WHY?• Athens – SEA Athens – SEA

POWER POWER• Sparta – LAND Sparta – LAND

POWER POWER

• Eventually the Eventually the Spartans were Spartans were able to trap the able to trap the Athenians against the seaAthenians against the sea

• 404 BC:404 BC:• Sparta captured AthensSparta captured Athens• Refused to burn it to the groundRefused to burn it to the ground• WHY?WHY?

Major Events & Major Events & FactsFacts

WinnerWinner•Winner:Winner:•SpartaSparta•Ended Athenian domination of Ended Athenian domination of

the Greek worldthe Greek world

The The AftermathAftermath

The AftermathThe Aftermath•What happened to Athens What happened to Athens

after the Peloponnesian after the Peloponnesian War?War?

•DECLINE of the Golden AgeDECLINE of the Golden Age•NO MORE empire, power or NO MORE empire, power or

wealthwealth

•After the After the Peloponnesian War Peloponnesian War many Greeks lost many Greeks lost confidence in Athens confidence in Athens

•Led to the rise of philosophy & Led to the rise of philosophy & those who wanted seek the truththose who wanted seek the truth

The The AftermathAftermath

•3 BIG THREE:3 BIG THREE:•SocratesSocrates•Plato Plato •AristotleAristotle

The The AftermathAftermath