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  • The first human habitation begun about 42,000 to 50,000 years ago (Nowadays they are called Aborigines). The indigenous Australians (Aborigines) were hunters and gatherers. The Aborigines population was estimated at 350,000 at the time of European settlement. By 1788, the population existed as 250 individual nations, HISTORY
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  • ANIMALS
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  • The fauna of Australia consists of a huge variety of strange and unique animals; some 83% of mammals, 89% of reptiles, 90% of fish and insects and 93% of amphibians that inhabit the continent are endemic to Australia. A unique feature of Australia's fauna is the relative scarcity of native placental mammals. Uniquely, Australia has more venomous than non-venomous species of snakes.
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  • MAMMALS Australian fauna consists 89% of mammals. Australia has a rich mammalian fossil history, as well as a variety of extant mammalian species, dominated by the marsupials. Although marsupials and placental mammals did coexist in Australia in the Eocene, only marsupials have survived to the present. Some Mammals:
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  • The extincted Tasmanian tiger
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  • Numbat
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  • BIRDS Australia and its territories are home to over 800 species of bird. Australian parrots comprise a sixth of the worlds parrots, including many cockatoos and galahs. About 200 species of seabird live on the Australian coast, including many species of migratory seabird. Some Birds:
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  • The Emu is the second largest surviving species of bird.
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  • The Kookaburra is the largest species of the kingfisher family.
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  • The Little Penguin is the only species of penguin that breeds on mainland Australia.
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  • Amphibians and reptiles Australian fauna consists 90% of amphibians and reptiles. The Myobatrachidae, or southern frogs, are Australia's largest group of frogs, with 120 species from 21 genera. Australia has both saltwater and freshwater crocodiles. Australia is the only continent where venomous snakes outnumber their non-venomous cousins. There are more lizards in Australia than anywhere else in the world, with representatives of five families. Some species:
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  • The Corroboree Frog is a notable member of the Myobotrachidae family.
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  • The Saltwater crocodile is the largest species of crocodile in the world !
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  • The Taipan is one of the most venomous snake in the world!
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  • The Thorny Devil
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  • FISH More than 4,400 species of fish inhabit Australia's waterways; of these, 90% are endemic. Most of Australia's fish species are marine. Sharks inhabit all the coastal waters and estuarine habitats of Australias coast. There are 166 species. Several exotic freshwater fish species Several exotic freshwater fish species. Some fish :
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  • The Murray Cod is the largest wholly freshwater fish.
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  • The spotted wobbegon is the largest wobbegong shark, reaching a lenght of 3,2m.
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  • The weedy sea dragon
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  • Invertebrates Of the estimated 200,000 animal species in Australia, about 96% are invertebrates. Australia has a wide variety of arachnids, including 135 species of spider that are familiar enough to have common names. There are many unique marine crustaceans in Australian waters. Examples:
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  • The Honeybee
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  • The Wolf Spider
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