the enlightenment people can think about everything…

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THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

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Page 1: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

THE ENLIGHTENMENT

People can think about everything…

Page 2: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

UEQ and LEQ

UEQ: How did the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment change the world?

LEQ: What impact did the Enlightenment have on government, economics, religion, and education?

Page 3: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Famous Quote Warm Up

Read the quote below carefully, look at the words being used, and answer the questions that are about the quote. “Knowing others is wisdom, knowing yourself is

enlightenment.” - Lao Tzu

Define knowing (know). What is wisdom? Predict why wisdom is important for someone to

have? Define the word enlightenment in your own words. Explain why it is important for you to know yourself,

before you know information about someone else.

Page 4: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Being Enlightened

Thinking About Diseases

She's A Witch

Page 5: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Starting the Enlightenment

The Scientific Revolution changed the way people thought about the world around them. New inventions were created (telescope) New ideas were started (sun was center of solar

system)

Page 6: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

The Enlightenment

People began looking at old ideas and beliefs about society.

People looked to change the ideas of four areas… Government Economics Education Religion

Enlightenment Through reasoning and thinking, individuals

could solve problems.

Page 7: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Solving Problems

Citizens talk about problems and try to solve them…

If problems cannot be solved by talking, people can fight to solve problems…

Page 8: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Changing Government

Thomas Hobbes English citizen and writer, saw the horror of war

Wrote humans were evil and without government, people would fight each other. Wrote that to keep peace and safety, people

had to give up their own rights to rulers, so laws and order protected them.

Social Contract: Idea that Hobbes creates, said people agreed to let governments and rulers control them.

Page 9: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Thomas Hobbes

Old Idea New Idea

In the past rulers controlled people because God said they could.

People allow government and rulers to control them.

Page 10: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

John Locke

English citizen and thinker Beliefs

People could learn from experience and improve

People can always take care of themselves

Natural Rights Locke’s idea People are born free and everyone is equal

Page 11: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Natural Rights

Locke’s Natural Rights idea says you have three natural rights (you are born with them) Life Liberty (Freedom) Pursuit of Happiness

Locke said that government protects the three natural rights. If government does not protect the rights,

citizens can get rid of government.

Page 12: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Natural Right: Life

Class Discussion

In what ways can your right to live be taken away?

Page 13: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Natural Right: Liberty

Class Discussion

How can freedom be taken away from you?

How are you not free today?

Page 14: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Natural Right: Pursuit of Happiness

Class Discussion

In what ways can you become happy?

Why should you pursue happiness?

Page 15: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Natural Rights Today

Carefully watch the movie clip that I will show you, after it ends I will have a few writing prompts for you to answer.

1. Marriage Today In America

Which of the three natural rights, does gay marriage represent? How?Should gay marriage be allowed? Why/Why Not?Predict, name two rights that you have today that are being taken away. How are both rights being taken away?

Page 16: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Enlightenment in France

The Enlightenment spread to the country of France by the middle of the 1700’s. In Paris, people met to talk about ideas and

government. Philosophes

French people that thought they could explain everything that happened in life.

Page 17: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Five Beliefs

Philosophes believed in five main ideas…1. Reason (Thinking)2. Nature (The World)3. Happiness (Being Happy)4. Progress (Change)5. Liberty (Freedom)

Philosophes believed that they could change and improve these areas by thinking.

Page 18: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Reason

The truth could be discovered by thinking.

Example: If you stick your wet finger in an electrical socket you will be electrocuted…

Page 19: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Nature

Everything that happens occurs for a reason and is good.

Page 20: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Happiness

People should find joy and happiness when they are alive.

People should not wait until they die to be happy.

Page 21: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Progress

Groups of people could improve.

How does Obama’s election as President show Progress?

Page 22: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Liberty

People should be free.

Page 23: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Guided Reading Using pages 196 to 199, fill in the guided reading

handout on Enlightenment thinkers and writers.

For the graphic organizer on the handout, as you read find each of the five Enlightenment thinkers or writers that are listed. Write down two beliefs that each writer had.

Once finished answer part B. Explain how the ideas of Enlightenment thinkers, led people to revolution. (Changing things around them by fighting)

Page 24: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

French Writer

Francois Marie Arouet Wrote books under the name Voltaire

Voltaire made fun of members of the Catholic Church, rich French citizens, and the French Government. Imprisoned twice, forced to live in England

for 2 years.

Fought for freedom of speech, freedom of religion, equality for all people.

Page 25: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Voltaire

Class DiscussionWhy is it important for people to speak freely?

Page 26: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Second French Writer

Baron de Montesquieu Studied England believed it had the best government. The English government’s power was divided

between the king, members of the government, and judges.

He called this split of power checks and balances or separation of powers.

Government worked best if its powers were divided between different members of the government.

Page 27: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Separation of Powers

Page 28: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Third French Writer

Jean Jacques Rousseau Argued that civilization made people evil Said if people gave up their rights to government

control, people could be kept safe Argued all people were equal and that there

should not be an upper, middle, or lower class for citizens.

Page 29: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Women in the Enlightenment As the world changed, women were

considered inferior and were excluded Women were not allowed an education Women were not encouraged to read

Mary Wollstonecroft Female writer who said that women need

education to become useful. Said women should enter politics and

medicine

Page 30: THE ENLIGHTENMENT People can think about everything…

Legacy of the Enlightenment New progress towards making society better.

New discoveries in science People had confidence to solve their problems

People looked at things without using religion. People did not believe everything was changed or

caused by God. People used each other to solve problems.

People thought about things. People solved their own problems. Kings and Queens could not control everything.