1. What contribution do Trade Unions make to Social Innovation?Changemaking is simply where someone spots a social problem and does something about it.

2. fair deal Vice Chancellors and Principals get 5% increases while staff get just 1%. when our sector has a combined surplus of more than 1bn and has built up reserves many times that on the back of previous pay restraint. the Office for National Statistics shows that average annual pay for full time academic staff has remained stagnant since 2010. 3. what have unions done for us? A weekend, a limit to the working week Paid lunch breaks Workplace pensions Health and safety The right not to be sacked for being ill or pregnant The end of child and slave (indentured) labour Working together to set pay and ensure safe working conditions Tackling lower pay for women The end of apartheid National minimum wage A living wage State funded University education, up to 1996 4. capital relies on A surplus of labour, to replace those currently working unemployment (Marx, 1867) Receiving more income from products than it costs to create them- low pay A false separation between workers and managers- divide and rule (Stiglitz 1987) The creation and sale of fictitious money- trading toxic debt (Harvey 2006) The manipulation of culture (Gramsci, 1971), through contestable mechanisms of hegemonic power (Foucault, 1971) Companies bigger than governments* (Visa bigger than Zimbabwe) The majority of workers to be silenced by the above vulnerabilities (Freire, 1972) See also Catholic Social Teaching (Pius X, 1931) * http://www.businessinsider.com/25-corporations-bigger-tan-countries-2011-6?op=1 5. http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lj s1pfPvJQ1qdqgqpo1_500.jpghttp://www.cry.org/resources/images /vasite/VA_Site/VA_child_labour.jpg 6. http://www.economicshelp.org/wp-content/uploads/blog-uploads/2012/09/total-unemployment-1979-20121.png 7. http://www.nwlc.org/sites/default/files/imagecache/rotating_tabs_59 0x316/images/tabs/pwfa-iptab.jpg 8. http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2013/09/18/article-2424516-1BDA944B000005DC-708_964x646.jpg 9. Trafigura, the multinational company behind the 2006 dumping of toxic waste in Abidjan, Cte dIvoire, resulting in over 100,000 people seeking medical assistance, http://www.amnestyusa.org/news/newsitem/report-slams-failure-to-prevent-toxicwaste-dumping-in-west-africahttp://www.latimes.com/includes/soundslides /oil-spill/la-oil-spill.50.jpg 10. What is social enterprise? Social Innovation ideas to change the way society works Social Entrepreneurship the processes of getting the idea ready to be delivered Social Enterprise the venture that emerges from the innovation Changemaking is simply where someone spots a social problem and does something about it. 11. What should social enterprise feature? Not just a single legal format (CIC) industrial & friends provident, co-operatives An internal mission to ethical behaviour, not just an external activity Inclusion of the voice of those who benefit (including employees) Social efficiency not just financial efficiency Social enterprises (on the whole) exist within the rules of capitalism Social innovation can transform the rules and behaviours of society and capital Developing a critical theory informed position (Curtis, 2006, 2007, 2008 & 2012) 12. Saul Alinsky 1930s, in Chicagos Back of the [Stock]Yards neighborhood, Saul Alinsky and Joe Meegan, a local Catholic recreation and park director, organized the Catholic churches and other voluntary associations of the feuding Slavic neighborhood groups in an effort to address the poverty of the Great Depression. They added to the mix local merchants and small businesses along with the growing Packinghouse Workers Union. (Alinsky, 1971) 13. Unions: Represent, Organise, SolveSocial innovation: investigates, organises, innovates and solves 14. References Alinsky, Saul D. (1971) Rules for Radicals. A pragmatic primer for realistic radicals (1972 edn), New York: Vintage. Curtis, T. (2006). What does procurement do to the third sector? Third Annual UK Social Enterprise Research Conference. 22-23 June 2006 at London South Bank University, UK. Curtis, T. (2007). Mind forgd: taking a Foucauldian look at prison based social enterprises. Fourth Annual UK Social Enterprise Research Conference. London South Bank University, UK Curtis, T. (2008). "Finding that grit makes a pearl: A critical re-reading of research into social enterprise." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research 14(5): 276-290. Curtis, T (2012) It's a Rough Trade: a longitudinal study of changing enterprise ethics. 4th International Social Innovation Research Conference (ISIRC). 12-14 September 2012. Third Sector Research Centre, University of Birmingham Freire, P. (1972) Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Harmondsworth: Penguin. Foucault, M. (1991). Discipline and Punish: the birth of a prison. London, Penguin. Gramsci, Antonio (1971), Selections form the Prision Notebook, edited and translated by Quintin Hoare & Goffrey Nowell Smith, Lawrence and Wishart, London. Harvey, David (2006). Limits to Capital. London: Verso. Marx K, (1867) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Progress Publishers, Moscow, USSR http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ 1931 Quadragesimo Anno On the Fortieth Year Pius X