THE CONSTITUTION

ratified 1787

Author:JAMES MADISON

The Original ConstitutionThe PREAMBLE

We the People in order to…….

1) form a more Perfect Union2) Establish Justice, Ensure Domestic Tranquility3) Provide for the Common Defense4) Promote the General Welfare and5) Secure the Blessings of Liberty6) To Ourselves and Our Posterity

Do ordain and establish this Constitution of the United States of America

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7 ARTICLES

1) Legislative Branch-Congress2) Executive Branch- President3) Judicial Branch- Supreme Court4) Relations Among the States5) AMENDING the CONSTITUTION6) National Debts, SUPREMECY CLAUSE & oaths

of office7) RATIFYING the CONSTITUTION

A BILL of RIGHTS

The first 10 Amendments

Added 2 YEARS later 1791

27 AMENDMENTS to the CONSTITUTION

1) FREEDOM of Religion—…Establishment Clause and Free Exercise, Speech, Press, Peaceful Assembly and

the right to Petition2) Right to Bear Arms3) No Quartering of Soldiers in your homes4) No Search & Seizure without a warrant

AMENDMENT # 5 DUE PROCESS

1) you do not have to incriminate yourself in a court—PLEAD the Fifth

2) no Double Jeopardy

3) Eminent Domain is allowed by the government with just compensation

6) Criminal Cases Speedy, Fair and Jury Trial 7) Civil Cases Jury trial in cases when excessive amounts of money are involved 8) Cruel and Unusual Punishment is not allowed, neither is excessive bail nor fines imposed

The 9th Amendment

UNENUMERATED Rights

Those rights not listed in the Bill of Rights may be brought to trial through this amendment

Today: many Privacy and Homosexual Cases are heard through this amendment

#10. Those powers not listed in the Constitution are RESERVED

for the States

11. States can not be sued by citizens of other states

12. Election of VP & President will be on TWO

separate ballots in the electoral college due to tie in 1800 T. Jefferson & Aaron Burr

After the Civil War

# 13 Prohibited Slavery # 14 Rights of Citizens— Anyone born in the USA

is a citizen and so is entitled to Due Process***DUE PROCESS of Law to be applied to the STATES

# 15 All males get to vote

# 16 Federal Income Tax imposed $$$$$$

# 17 Direct election of Senators

#18 Prohibition is imposed

# 19 All women get the right to vote

# 20 The presidential inauguration date is changed to January 20th

# 21 Prohibition is repealed

#22 TWO TERMS for the President (4 year terms = 8 years ---10

total!)

#23 Washington D.C. gets 3 electoral college votes

#24 Poll Taxes are prohibited- 1964

#25 Presidential Succession President – VP - Speaker of the House

-Pro Tempore – Secretary of State

#26 18 year olds get to vote 1971

#27 Congressional Pay raise for the next session of CongressA Term/Session lasts 2 years