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The Civil Rights The Civil Rights Movement Movement

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Page 1: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

The Civil Rights The Civil Rights MovementMovement

Page 2: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

What was life like before What was life like before the Civil Rights movement?the Civil Rights movement?• Use the pictures in the following Use the pictures in the following

slides to make some statements slides to make some statements describing life in the U.S. before the describing life in the U.S. before the Civil Rights movement.Civil Rights movement.

Page 3: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 4: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 5: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 6: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 7: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 8: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 9: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 10: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing
Page 11: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

What is segregation?What is segregation?

• Segregation Segregation is the separation of is the separation of people according to race or ethnicity.people according to race or ethnicity.

• Segregation can be about separating Segregation can be about separating African-Americans from Whites, or African-Americans from Whites, or about separating Hispanics from about separating Hispanics from Whites. Whites.

• Before 1950 segregation was common Before 1950 segregation was common and normal in the U.S.A. Segregation and normal in the U.S.A. Segregation deprived minoritiesdeprived minorities of their rights. of their rights.

Page 12: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Two kinds of segregationTwo kinds of segregation

• de jurede jure segregation segregation– Segregation Segregation by lawby law

• Common in the SouthCommon in the South

• Laws Laws forbidforbid African- African-Americans from Americans from attending the same attending the same church, using the church, using the same swimming pool, same swimming pool, eating in restaurants, eating in restaurants, or marrying White or marrying White people. people.

• de factode facto segregation segregation– Segregation Segregation without lawswithout laws

• Common in the NorthCommon in the North

• Housing Housing discriminationdiscrimination made made segregation in the North. segregation in the North. White community White community groups did not allow groups did not allow non-Whites to live in non-Whites to live in White neighborhoods. White neighborhoods. Every Every ethnic groupethnic group had had its own part of town.its own part of town.

Page 13: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Why was the Civil Rights Why was the Civil Rights movement successful in 1954? movement successful in 1954?

Why not earlier or later?Why not earlier or later?

Page 14: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Reason #1 – World War II and the Reason #1 – World War II and the Korean WarKorean War

• During World War II During World War II and the Korean War, and the Korean War, racial minorities racial minorities such as African-such as African-Americans, Americans, Hispanics, or Native Hispanics, or Native Americans had made Americans had made many gains. The many gains. The U.S. military had U.S. military had needed their help needed their help and had allowed and had allowed them to fight. Many them to fight. Many came home heroes came home heroes and earned respect. and earned respect.

Page 15: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Reason #1 – World War II and the Reason #1 – World War II and the Korean WarKorean War

• Most people believed America had fought those Most people believed America had fought those wars for democracy and freedom. Racial wars for democracy and freedom. Racial segregation started to seem un-American to segregation started to seem un-American to many. People remembered that Hitler and the many. People remembered that Hitler and the other “bad guys” had been racists.other “bad guys” had been racists.

Page 16: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Reason #2 – The Cold Reason #2 – The Cold WarWar• During the Cold War, During the Cold War,

America was trying to America was trying to convince the world convince the world that it was better that it was better than the Soviet than the Soviet Union, racism made Union, racism made America look bad to America look bad to the rest of the world.the rest of the world.

• Communists could Communists could use America’s racism use America’s racism as an example as an example showing that the U.S. showing that the U.S. was evil. was evil.

Page 17: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Reason #3 - televisionReason #3 - television• With the arrival of With the arrival of

television, Americans television, Americans could watch the news could watch the news every day. The non-violent every day. The non-violent civil disobedience used by civil disobedience used by King made the civil rights King made the civil rights protesters look like good protesters look like good people and made their people and made their opponents look hateful, opponents look hateful, violent, and ugly. People violent, and ugly. People could also hear Dr. King’s could also hear Dr. King’s inspiring speeches. He inspiring speeches. He was a powerful speaker was a powerful speaker who knew how to change who knew how to change people’s hearts and minds.people’s hearts and minds.

Page 18: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

How did they do it?How did they do it?

• Civil rights leaders used Civil rights leaders used non-non-violent protests, civil violent protests, civil disobedience,disobedience, and and legal actionlegal action to to change the U.S.change the U.S.

Page 19: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

non-violent protestnon-violent protest• BoycottsBoycotts

– Refusing to buy goods or services from a business in order to Refusing to buy goods or services from a business in order to force it to change its policiesforce it to change its policies

• Hunger strikesHunger strikes– Refusing to eat anything in order to get attention for your Refusing to eat anything in order to get attention for your

causecause• PetitionsPetitions

– Writing a letter to ask the government or a company to Writing a letter to ask the government or a company to change its policy, and then getting as many people to sign it change its policy, and then getting as many people to sign it as possible.as possible.

• Marches and demonstrationsMarches and demonstrations– Getting as many people as possible to gather in one place to Getting as many people as possible to gather in one place to

get attention to your causeget attention to your cause

• StrikesStrikes– Refusing to work in order to force your managers or Refusing to work in order to force your managers or

government to change their policiesgovernment to change their policies

Page 20: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Civil disobedienceCivil disobedience

• Breaking the law or causing a Breaking the law or causing a disturbancedisturbance in order to get in order to get attention for your cause.attention for your cause.

• Sit insSit ins• The The protestersprotesters come into a place, sit down, come into a place, sit down,

and refuse to move.and refuse to move.

Page 21: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Legal actionLegal action

• Lawyers can challenge a law or Lawyers can challenge a law or policy in court. If they convince the policy in court. If they convince the judge that the law or policy is judge that the law or policy is unconstitutionalunconstitutional, then the judge , then the judge will order them to change.will order them to change.

• People can speak at government People can speak at government hearings or meetings and try to hearings or meetings and try to convince convince legislatorslegislators to make new to make new laws or laws or repealrepeal unfair ones. unfair ones.

Page 22: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Linda BrownLinda Brown

• In 1951, a girl named In 1951, a girl named Linda Brown wanted to Linda Brown wanted to go to school. The white go to school. The white school was very close school was very close by, but the African-by, but the African-American school was far American school was far away. Her parents away. Her parents suedsued the Board of the Board of Education to try to force Education to try to force them to allow Linda to them to allow Linda to attend the white school.attend the white school.

Page 23: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Linda BrownLinda Brown

• In 1954, in the case of Brown v. Board of In 1954, in the case of Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court decided to Education, the Supreme Court decided to hear Linda’s case. Chief Justice Earl hear Linda’s case. Chief Justice Earl Warren said that segregation in public Warren said that segregation in public schools is schools is unconstitutionalunconstitutional. He ordered . He ordered all the schools to end segregation.all the schools to end segregation.

Page 24: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Rosa ParksRosa Parks

• In Alabama, the bus company had a rule that In Alabama, the bus company had a rule that said all African-Americans had to sit in the said all African-Americans had to sit in the back of the bus.back of the bus.

• In 1955, Rosa Parks, an African-American In 1955, Rosa Parks, an African-American women, was coming home from work and was women, was coming home from work and was very tired. The seats in the back were full, but very tired. The seats in the back were full, but the front seats were empty. She sat down in the front seats were empty. She sat down in the front. When the bus driver ordered her to the front. When the bus driver ordered her to move, she refused. He called the police and move, she refused. He called the police and they arrested her.they arrested her.

Page 25: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Rosa ParksRosa Parks

• The minister of Rosa’s church, Martin Luther The minister of Rosa’s church, Martin Luther King, decided to get involved. He told the King, decided to get involved. He told the African-Americans to stop riding the bus. For African-Americans to stop riding the bus. For months, African-Americans walked or gave months, African-Americans walked or gave each other rides. The bus company was losing each other rides. The bus company was losing a lot of money because most of their a lot of money because most of their passengers were African-Americans. passengers were African-Americans. Eventually, they were forced to change their Eventually, they were forced to change their rule. Then, in 1956, the Supreme Court rule. Then, in 1956, the Supreme Court declareddeclared segregation on public transportation segregation on public transportation unconstitutional. This success made King unconstitutional. This success made King famous across the U.S.famous across the U.S.

Page 26: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

College students in College students in GreensboroGreensboro

• In 1960, many In 1960, many restaurants would not restaurants would not serve African-serve African-Americans. To protest Americans. To protest this, some African-this, some African-American college American college students in Greensboro, students in Greensboro, North Carolina decided North Carolina decided to go to a lunch counter to go to a lunch counter at a Woolworth’s at a Woolworth’s Department store and Department store and order food. The servers order food. The servers refused to serve them, refused to serve them, but the students but the students refused to leave.refused to leave.

Page 27: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

College students in College students in GreensboroGreensboro

• These lunch These lunch counter protests counter protests spread throughout spread throughout the U.S. Many the U.S. Many white students white students came along to came along to support the African-support the African-Americans.Americans.

Page 28: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

College students in College students in GreensboroGreensboro

• The students always The students always stayed peaceful, even stayed peaceful, even when attacked or when attacked or arrested. This made arrested. This made them look good and them look good and made the racists look made the racists look hateful and evil. This hateful and evil. This strategy was very strategy was very successful for successful for convincing White convincing White people to support civil people to support civil rights for minorities.rights for minorities.

Page 29: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Dr. Martin Dr. Martin Luther King Luther King

Jr.Jr.• King became a popular King became a popular

leader. He told people leader. He told people that African-Americans that African-Americans could only end could only end segregation by segregation by non-non-violentviolent methods. methods.

• He organized a march in He organized a march in Birmingham, Alabama to Birmingham, Alabama to protest against protest against segregation. People segregation. People came from all over the came from all over the U.S. to join him. U.S. to join him.

• Many whites also joined Many whites also joined these marches, but most these marches, but most of the marchers were of the marchers were students.students.

Page 30: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Dr. Martin Luther King Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.Jr.

• Police attacked the Police attacked the marchers violently marchers violently and the marchers and the marchers didn’t fight back. didn’t fight back. People all over the People all over the nation watched it on nation watched it on television and television and started supporting started supporting the civil rights the civil rights movement.movement.

Page 31: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Dr. Martin Luther King Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.Jr.

• King’s biggest King’s biggest demonstration was in demonstration was in Washington, D.C. in Washington, D.C. in 1963. 250,000 people 1963. 250,000 people came. King made a came. King made a speech that was speech that was broadcasted on live broadcasted on live television. That television. That speech is called “I speech is called “I Have a Dream.” It is Have a Dream.” It is his most famous his most famous speech.speech.

Page 32: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Dr. Martin Luther King Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.Jr.

• King met with King met with President Kennedy President Kennedy and members of and members of congress to convince congress to convince them to pass new them to pass new laws. They passed the laws. They passed the 2424thth Amendment and Amendment and the Voting Rights Act the Voting Rights Act of 1965. These of 1965. These allowed African-allowed African-Americans to vote and Americans to vote and elect their own elect their own candidates.candidates.

Page 33: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Dr. Martin Luther King Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.Jr.

• In 1968, he In 1968, he travelled to travelled to Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee to Tennessee to support some support some African-American African-American sanitation workers. sanitation workers. They had stopped They had stopped working to protest working to protest being treated being treated unfairly by the city unfairly by the city government.government.

Page 34: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Dr. Martin Luther King Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.Jr.

• Dr. Martin Luther Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was King Jr. was assassinated while assassinated while in Memphis. His in Memphis. His death made him death made him more popular and more popular and increased increased sympathy for sympathy for African-Americans, African-Americans, however.however.

Page 35: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

How did the Civil Rights How did the Civil Rights Movement Change Your Movement Change Your

Life?Life?

Page 36: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Brown v. Board of Brown v. Board of EducationEducation

• The Supreme Court decided that The Supreme Court decided that segregated schools were segregated schools were unconstitutional and ordered schools unconstitutional and ordered schools to accept racial minorities. to accept racial minorities.

Page 37: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

The Civil Rights Act of The Civil Rights Act of 19641964

• Because of the Civil Rights movement, Because of the Civil Rights movement, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This law ended all racial 1964. This law ended all racial discrimination in public facilities such discrimination in public facilities such as restrooms, restaurants, buses, as restrooms, restaurants, buses, movie theaters, and swimming pools.movie theaters, and swimming pools.

• Think about it.Think about it.– ““If they hadn’t changed the rules, then I…”If they hadn’t changed the rules, then I…”

Page 38: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Immigration ReformImmigration Reform

• Before the Civil Rights Movement, Before the Civil Rights Movement, American immigration laws were very American immigration laws were very racist. People who were not white were racist. People who were not white were generally not allowed to come to the U.S. generally not allowed to come to the U.S.

• The Civil Rights Movement led to the end The Civil Rights Movement led to the end of those racist immigration laws and gave of those racist immigration laws and gave us the open immigration laws we have us the open immigration laws we have today.today.

Page 39: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Lau v. NicholsLau v. Nichols

• In 1967, schools had no ESL classes, so In 1967, schools had no ESL classes, so immigrants could not learn English and be immigrants could not learn English and be successful in school.successful in school.

• In the Supreme Court case Lau v. Nichols, In the Supreme Court case Lau v. Nichols, the court decided that schools must the court decided that schools must provide special classes to help students provide special classes to help students who need to learn English.who need to learn English.

Page 40: The Civil Rights Movement. What was life like before the Civil Rights movement? Use the pictures in the following slides to make some statements describing

Look around you.Look around you.

• The America you The America you see today is a see today is a product of the product of the Civil Rights Civil Rights Movement. We all Movement. We all have better lives have better lives because of their because of their sacrifices.sacrifices.