the bond of friendship

The Bond of FriendshipRefl ections on China and Britain

友谊的纽带中英情缘之遐思

Commemorating the Shanghai Expo 2010回味2010年上海世界博览会

3

The Bond of Friendship - Reflections on China and Britain

Commemorating the Shanghai Expo 2010

ISBN 978-1-905547-15-9

Shanachie Publishing

VP and Publisher: Guy Woodland

Editor-in-Chief: Lew Baxter

Guy Woodland and Lew Baxter are hereby identified as the authors of

this work in accordance with section 77 of the (UK) Copyright, Design

& Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,

stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means

- either electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise - without prior

permission of the publisher. The views expressed in this publication are

those of the authors alone, apart from where specified.

Principal Translations

Wang Jiaquan, Beijing, China

Subsidiary Translations

The British Council; Xiong Tingting, Manchester Chinese Centre; Ling

Min, Shanghai University Fine Art College; Xiang Yu, College of Press

and Communication; Heilongjiang University, Harbin; Xiong Lei in

Beijing: for The 48 Group Club essay

Photography and Research Assistance

The Xinhua News Agency, London

Further photography: See acknowledgements

Digital artist: Paula Hutchinson

Marketing & Advertising: Marie Vidal

Printed and bound in Spain

First published in 2011 by Shanachie in collaboration

with Guy Woodland

Studio and Office:

Hathaway Barn, Nr Lydney, Gloucestershire, GL15 6QZ - UK

Tel: +44 (0) 151 324 1273

e.mail: [email protected]

www.shanachie.co.uk

www.woodlandpublishing.eu

© Woodland Publishing - February 2011


回味2010年上海世界博览会

说书人出版公司

出版人: 盖武任

总编辑: 老胡公

依照《大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国版权、外观设计与专利法》

（1988年）第77款以及《中华人民共和国版权法》（七届全国人大常

委会第15次会议通过，2001年10月27日九届全国人大常委会第24次会

议修改）相应条款，老胡公与盖武任为该书著作者。

著作者保留所有权利。本出版物的任何部分在没有出版者事先许可的

前提下不得以任何形式或通过任何途径被转载、存储于检索系统或被传

播，无论是电子、影印、录制或任何其他方式。本书观点仅代表作者本

人，如有引述则有具体标明。

主译

王家全中国北京

其他译者

英国文化协会

熊婷婷　曼彻斯特华人凌敏　上海大学美术学院相雨　黑龙江大

学新闻传播学院中国哈尔滨熊蕾　中国北京　（48家集团俱乐部

相关文章译者）

照片提供及调研协助：

新华通讯社伦敦分社其他照片作者请见致谢部分数码艺术设计：葆

拉·哈琪森

校对人：朱迪·塔斯克

西班牙巴塞罗那公司印刷和装订

2011 年由说书人出版公司和林地出版社共同第一次出版

工作室：

Hathaway Barn, Nr Lydney, Gloucestershire, GL15 6QZ - UK

Tel 电话: +44 (0) 151 324 1273

e.mail 电子信箱: [email protected]

www.shanachie.co.uk

www.woodlandpublishing.eu

© 林地出版公司２０１1年2月

5

Introduction/导言 8-9

Forewords/序

Liu Xiaoming/刘晓明 10-11Professor Zhou Hanmin/周汉民教授 12-13Carma Elliot OBE/艾琳 14-15Councillor Joe Anderson/乔·安德森 16-17

Chapter 1/第一章In Praise Of Expo 2010/世博颂 20-25

Chapter 2/第二章History Of China And The UK/中国与英国的历史 26-49

Chapter 3/第三章Chinese People In The UK/英国华人 50-63

Chapter 4/第四章The North West Of England/英格兰西北地区 64-73

Chapter 5/第五章Liverpool World Waterfront City/利物浦：世界水岸城市 74-85

Chapter 6/第六章Shanghai - The Pearl Of The Orient/上海：东方明珠 86-101

Chapter 7/第七章Liverpool And Shanghai/利物浦与上海 102-131

Chapter 8/第八章Links Across The Globe/跨越全球的关系 132-159

Chapter 9/第九章The Cultural Focus/文化焦点 160-181

Chapter 10/第十章Working With China/与中国协作 182-187

Contents/目录

7

THIS celebratory book has received tremendous support, encouragement and endorsement from numerous people and organisations throughout Britain and China.

Thanks are due to: Peter Mearns and Steven Broomhead at the Northwest (England) Regional Development Agency; Phil Southward, who headed up the Liverpool Shanghai pavilion project; Mike Taylor and the Liverpool Vision team, including Jonathan Caswell, Ian Hughes and Dawn Dickson; Barry Owen; Nicholas Wainwright; Nick Earlam; Laura Houghton; Kelvin Everest and Kate Spark at the University of Liverpool; Louise O’Brien and Henry Owen-John at English Heritage; Carma Elliot, UK Consul General in Shanghai; Vivian Li; Huang Fenfen and Alistair Harwood; Oliver Hayakawa in Shanghai; Wu Xun, the Cultural Counsellor at the Chinese Embassy in London, as well as Ma Qiong; Zhou Xiaoming, Minister-Counsellor Commerce and Economics, Chinese Embassy, London; Yin Jun, Chinese Embassy, London; Ni Jian and Zhao Xin at the Chinese Consulate in Manchester; Professor Sir Drummond Bone; Zeng Zhi Gao; Mohanned Ahmed; Andrea Titterington and Stephen Done at Liverpool Football Club; Lewis Biggs; Francesca Aiken; Vasily Petrenko and Jayne Garrity at the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic; Fenella Barber at the China Britain Business Council; Leslie Stewart; Anna Chen (Chinque); Jane Speller; Simon Jones; John Kelly; Linda and Jack Soon; Michael Harrold for stirring memories of terrifying miandi journeys in Beijing; Jean Jameson; Shen Yifan, Chinese Embassy, London; Sara Oldfield; Jenny Wong; Liao Zilan; Suzannah Kwok; David Yip; Ling Min in Shanghai; Michael Niblock for ‘nurturing’ the dream; Tim Baxter at Standard Chartered; Leigh Gibson and Alex Bratt at the British Council; Matt Earlam; Edward Owen at Swire; Alex Strugnell at SSAT; Sun Jing in Beijing; H-J Colston (now Brunker) at the Chopsticks Club; John McManus at the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office; Sam Crispin in Shanghai; Simon Richardson; Elise Kendall; Charlene Ugbode; and Ben Chapman for the shared Middle Kingdom adventures.

The photographic content comes from numerous sources, including the archives of Woodland Photography; UK Shanghai Pavilion office; Liverpool Vision media office; London China Town Association; Hayley Madden and Stephen McLaren in London Chinatown; The Needham Institute, Cambridge University; the Manchester Chinese Centre; The University of

Liverpool; HANBAN and the Confucius Institutes; Liverpool Football Club; the China-Britain Business Council; the British Council; the UK Specialist Schools Academies Trust; the Everton Foundation; and the archives of the 48 Group Club.

It is an honour to have an association with China’s Xinhua News Agency whose extensive photographic archives have proved invaluable. He Dalong, Xinhua London Bureau Chief, provided unstinting support along with Wu Jia Yi, who worked tirelessly to find images, along with photographer Zeng Yi who was so helpful. Special thanks are due to Wang Jiaquan in Beijing whose dedication went far beyond translating most of the English text into Mandarin - his editorial commitment to ensuring that all the facts are accurate to the best of our abilities was exceptional. Gratitude must also be paid to Sun Jing in Beijing for her advice; Xiang Yu for her contributions on several levels; Dr Chen Qing (Anna) at the University of Liverpool’s Confucius Institute for valued assistance on translations and proof reading Chinese text; and to Professor He Chunying in Harbin for her encouragement and translation help.

Finally, but not least, thanks to the numerous contributors whose essays, personal reflections and observations on China and Sino-UK relations are the essence of this book - and apologies to anyone who may have inadvertently been overlooked.

Lew BaxterEditor-in-Chief

We are grateful to the following organisations for their endorsement and support: The Northwest Regional Development Agency; Liverpool City Council and Liverpool Vision; English Heritage, Liverpool Football Club; BDP Architects; Genting Casinos; The University of Liverpool; Standard Chartered; KLM; Mason Owen; Plexus Cotton; Boodles; Liverpool One; Synergy Health; Xinhua News Agency.

The Sino Creative PracticeWorking With China For A More Harmonious World

中国创意实践与中国一起推动建设更加和谐的世界

www.sinocreative.co.uk

Acknowledgments

9

China And Britain’s Unique BondIntroduction by Lew Baxter and Guy Woodland

导言: 独特的中英关系老胡公盖武任

THE rise of China as a 21st century ‘superpower’ is very much on the agendas and the minds of everyone with a grasp of global affairs, aware of the impact this is having on

international relations. Britain formally recognised the People’s Republic of China

in 1972 and ten years later Margaret Thatcher began talks on the return of Hong Kong to China, which took place in July 1997, heralding a new chapter in Sino-UK relations.

There has been a constant two way flow since, taking in arts and culture, academic links, commerce, diplomacy and politics; all emphasising the messages of President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao who have stressed the importance they place on good relations with Britain.

Historically, UK relations with China have not always been on the most genial of terms and since the earliest of Sino-UK trading rights, forged with Britain’s East India Company in 1637, we have bartered and often bickered, with these spats erupting into all out war on occasions. Yet we have both persevered in the pursuit of mutual friendship and admiration.

Today, as this book shows, the UK participation in the Shanghai Expo 2010 underpinned the strength of the partnership - as did the involvement of Liverpool, the only UK city to have a dedicated pavilion - demonstrating a commitment to even warmer China relations.

This is not - and was never intended to be - an exhaustive or even brief history of China-UK relations but a ‘window’ into the cross-cultural relations that bind the two nations. The Shanghai Expo seemed the perfect opportunity to pull it together.

Sprinkled with facts and figures and a series of personal reflective essays by Chinese and British contributors, the book is illustrated by an array of fascinating and atmospheric photographs submitted by numerous friends and colleagues from the UK and China. We are grateful to them all.

Editor and Publisher

中国崛起成为二十一世纪“超级大国”是熟悉全球

事务的人热谈和思考的话题。他们知道，这对国际关系

会产生什么样的影响。

英国于1972年正式承认中华人民共和国。十年之

后，撒切尔夫人开始与中国领导人商谈香港问题。1997

年，香港回归，掀开了中英关系的新篇章。

从此，中英之间来往频繁，涉及艺术文化、学术交

流、商贸、外交和政治等诸多领域。今天，两国间的交

流充分显示了胡锦涛主席和温家宝总理对中英友好的重

视。

历史上，英中关系并非一直亲切友好。自从1637年

英国东印度公司打开中国的贸易大门，双方之间讨价还

价的同时常有争端，有时甚至发展成为全面的战争。但

是，我们一直在坚持寻求友谊。

今天，正如本书所展示的，英国参加2010年上海世

界博览会，并且利物浦作为英国唯一设立展馆的城市参

与其中，这巩固了我们之间的伙伴关系，显示了英国希

望与中国发展更为密切关系的心愿。

显然，本书不是，也从未定位为一部详史甚或一部

简史。它只是一个快照、一个展示两国间跨文化交流纽

带的窗口。上海世博会无疑为本书最终得以付梓提供了

完美契机。

本书主体内容由一系列个人回忆录组成，作者来自

中英两国。其间夹杂些许事实与数字，并配以引人入

胜、艺术感强烈的照片，提供者为来自英中两国的朋友

和同事。在此，对他们一并表示感谢。

总编辑出版人

11

A New Milestone In China - UK CollaborationForeword by H.E Ambassador Liu Xiaoming

中英合作的新里程碑——刘晓明大使为《都市骏景》撰写前言

I HAD the good fortune to experience the grand occasion of the Shanghai World Expo and the magnificent World Expo site. The distinctive

style of every pavilion filled me with admiration.Thanks to the combined efforts of China and

participants from all over the world, the Shanghai World Expo was truly memorable and a great

success. For six months more than 70 million visitors were immersed in the varied civilizations of the world, and also enjoyed the charm of modern China. The Expo has already made its mark on history as it presented another excellent image of China to the world following the successful Beijing Olympic Games. Through the Shanghai World Expo, the world was able to see the reality of China as an open, green, dynamic and modern country.

Britain’s performance at the Shanghai Expo can be described as brilliant and the UK Pavilion was one of the most popular landmarks and won the ‘Hall Design Gold Award’. Both the Liverpool Pavilion and the London Zero Carbon Pavilion were also well received. At the Expo the UK gave the Chinese people a vivid insight into the modern Britain and its spirit of innovation.

Britain and China have made important contributions to the development of human civilization, and are both major countries of influence in the world. The UK continues to strengthen political mutual trust, deepen mutually beneficial bilateral and multilateral cooperation in various fields and enhance public mutual understanding with China. Britain’s presence at the Shanghai Expo was a good example of cooperation between our two countries and marked a new milestone in the history of the bilateral relations.

This book ‘The Bond of Friendship’ recalls some of the wonderful events at the Shanghai World Expo and describes the development of China-UK relations. It helps spread understanding, friendship and cooperation between our two countries. I would like to express my sincere congratulations on its publication.

Liu XiaomingChinese Ambassador to the United Kingdom

今年7月我回国述职的时候，曾有幸亲身体验了上海

世博会的盛况。宏伟壮观的世博园区和风格鲜明的各个

场馆让我赞叹不已。

在中国和世界的共同努力下，上海世博会取得了巨

大成功，令人难忘。在长达半年的时间里，超过7000万

观众身临其境，近距离感受世界文明的多彩，体验现代

中国的魅力。上海世博会不仅在世博会历史上留下了浓

墨重彩的一笔，而且也是中国继北京奥运会后向世界的

又一次精彩展示。通过上海世博会，世界看到了一个开

放、绿色、活力、现代和真实的中国。

英国在上海世博会上的表现可谓完美无瑕, 向世界

递出了一张新国家名片。英国馆是上海世博会最受欢迎

的标志性建筑之一，并荣获A类展馆“展馆设计金奖”

。利物浦馆和伦敦零碳馆也颇受好评。通过上海世博

会，英国向800多万观众生动诠释了现代英国及其创新

精神。

中英都是对人类文明发展做出过重要贡献的国家，

也是当今世界具有重要影响的大国。中英不断加强政治

互信，深化双边和多边各领域互利合作，增进民众相互

了解，有利于两国和世界经济的可持续增长，有利于妥

善处理国际和地区问题及应对全球性挑战，有利于两国

和世界人民的共同福祉。中英在上海世博会上共同书写

了华美篇章，这正是两国合作的一个成功范例，也是两

国关系发展史上的新里程碑。

说书人出版公司专门推出《都市骏景》一书，既留

下了上海世博会的精彩瞬间，又回顾介绍了中英关系的

发展脉胳，更在两国人民之间传播了了解、友谊和合作

的种子，可谓做了一件一举多得的益事。谨对该书的付

梓表示衷心的祝贺。

刘晓明中华人民共和国驻大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国特命全权大使

13

Dynamic And Charming PavilionsForeword by Professor Zhou Hanmin

序：充满活力与魅力的英国和利物浦展馆周汉民教授

AS EARLY as 2001, when China officially bid for the World Expo 2010, we extended a most sincere and serious commitment

to the entire world: ‘If the world grants China the opportunity, China will present a splendid Exposition in return.’ Now those words have been turned into successful deeds.

The World Expo 2010 in Shanghai was the first registered World Exposition held in a developing country. With the theme of ‘Better City, Better Life’, 189 sovereign states and 57 international organizations gathered in this grand gallery of human inspirations and thoughts.

Among them Great Britain contributed in a very sincere, dynamic and enthusiastic manner towards the World Expo; in terms of a magnificent national pavilion full of charm and creativity, together with a case study of the city of Liverpool as a powerful demonstration of the Urban Best Practices Area.

The UBPA is recognised worldwide as an important innovation of the Expo 2010 and it is a legacy that will surely be adopted by successive World Expos. We were very delighted to see the case study ‘Protection and Utilisation of Historical Heritages’ from Liverpool, a famous international maritime city and Shanghai’s twin city, and which was selected among the world’s 50 best urban practices at Expo.

From a historical harbour to a vibrant and modern city, while still keeping its cultural core, Liverpool showcased in its pavilion a very vivid example of a city’s diversity, scale and the quality of its culture, with a rich and varied heritage, and outstanding natural environments. During the six months of Expo, the Liverpool Pavilion attracted an average of 4,500 visitors each day, and that is a strong indication of its success.

I strongly believe the publication of this ‘Bond of Friendship’ book will provide a long lasting legacy of the colourful exhibitions of the United Kingdom Pavilion and the Liverpool Pavilion.

Vice Chairman, Shanghai Committee of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and Deputy Director, Executive Committee of Expo 2010 Shanghai

早在2001年中国正式申办2010年世博会之时，我们

曾经向世界庄严承诺——“中国如有一份幸运，世界将

添一片异彩”。如今，誓言终成事实。

中国2010年上海世博会是第一次在发展中国家举办

的注册类世博会。围绕本届世博会“城市，让生活更美

好”的主题，189个国家和57个国际组织欢聚在一起,共

襄这一展示人类灵感和智慧的盛会。

其中，英国以一种非常真挚友好，充满活力和热情

的方式积极参与本届世博会，奉献给我们一座宏伟、极

富魅力和创造力的英国国家馆以及在城市最佳实践区中

的利物浦案例展示。

作为本届世博会的一大创新之举，城市最佳实践区

被全世界所广泛认可，并将成为一笔财富而被以后几

届世博会所沿用。我们非常欣喜地看到，来自世界著

名航运中心和上海的友好城市利物浦市的案例《利物浦

历史遗产的保护与再利用》成功入选此次城市最佳实践

区的50个全球最佳案例。

利物浦案例馆在保留其文化核心的同时，演绎了从

一个古老港口到一座跃动而现代化城市的转变，生动展

现了其城市的多样性和规模性，高水准的城市文化，丰

富多样的历史传承，以及出众的自然环境。在世博会六

个月的会期中，利物浦展馆日均接待4500名游客，这足

见其成功之处。

我相信，《友谊的纽带》一书的出版会将英国国家

馆和利物浦案例展馆在世博会期间的精彩展示长久留

存。

上海市政协副主席上海世博会执委会副主任

15

Building On The UK - China PartnershipForeword by Carma Elliot OBE序：寄望英中伙伴关系艾琳

THE UK’s participation at Shanghai Expo was a great success. In its first four months, over five million people visited the UK pavilion;

and the UK’s online presence saw many 100s of millions of visitors.

We were - and are - delighted that our pavilion, the ‘Dandelion’, was chosen as the most creative at Expo;

and that it was awarded the Lubetkin prize, as the most outstanding building overseas by a British designer in 2010. It is a strong testament to the creativity and vision of the designer, Thomas Heatherwick, and to the energy and commitment of our team at Expo.

The UK pavilion was a fantastic platform for business, and for building a sustainable relationship beyond Expo. The programme, which we ran in association with the pavilion, gave us the opportunity to celebrate the strong and growing partnership between the UK and China.

The Expo has highlighted how the flow of knowledge and experience, and the building of trust and understanding through direct links, are truly the basis of an effective partnership. ‘Better City, Better Life’ - the theme of this Expo - is all about facing common challenges, and finding common solutions.

In the years ahead, the UK-China partnership is destined to move to a new level. We are both beneficiaries of globalisation. Our two economies are complementary. UK companies are ideally placed to contribute, as partners, to China’s future economic development. Increasing our external trading and investment relationships is going to be a key part of strategic recovery from the recession. As a result, the UK attaches such high importance to our comprehensive strategic partnership with China, which is a key source of growth in the global economy today. Britain is open for business.

Finally, I would like to congratulate the Chinese government and the people of Shanghai for hosting this amazing Expo.

UK Consul General Shanghai

英国参加上海世博会获得了巨大成功。在世博会前

四个月，超过500万人参观了英国馆，同时还有数千万

人光临网上英国馆。

我们非常高兴英国馆“蒲公英”能够成为世博会最

佳创意馆。我们也非常高兴英国馆作为英国人设计的海

外建筑能够获得2010年莱伯金大奖。这是对设计者托马

斯·赫斯维克创意才能的嘉奖，也是对我们的世博团队

活力与付出的褒扬。

英国馆为商企界交流打造了一个极好平台，这是一

个超越世博会、有助于发展可持续关系的平台。我们与

英国馆的合作为庆祝英中之间不断发展的稳固的伙伴关

系提供了机会。

世博会突出说明了伙伴关系若想取得成效，通过直

接渠道进行知识与经验交流、建立互信和理解是多么

重要的基础。上海世博会的主题—“城市让生活更美

好”—实际上就是面对共同挑战、寻求共同解决方案的

问题。

在未来几年里，英中伙伴关系定会更上一层楼。我

们同是全球化的受益者。双方经济互补，英国企业必将

为中国未来的经济发展做出贡献。增强贸易投资关系将

成为战略复苏的一个关键。因此，英国高度重视与中国

的战略伙伴关系，这一关系是当今全球经济一个重要增

长源。英国在商贸上是开放的。

最后，我祝贺中国政府和上海市人民主办了一届如

此迷人的世博会！

英国驻上海总领事

17

Shanghai And Liverpool - A Treasured RelationshipForeword by Councillor Joe Anderson

序：上海与利物浦：珍贵的关系乔·安德森

HAVING been a major world port that historically looked out to the world to exchange ideas, goods and customs via a

constant flow of people, Liverpool puts great store in its international relationships.

And arguably there is no greater relationship than the one with our oldest Chinese community,

who settled in Liverpool before anywhere else in Europe.I’m delighted to say they continue to play a vibrant role in day-

to-day Liverpool life, and they provided the solid foundation for Liverpool to begin forging a special ‘sister city’ relationship with Shanghai more than ten years ago.

This friendship was formally blessed with creation of a new Shanghai-made Chinese Arch in Liverpool’s Chinatown, and has developed out of all recognition.

A great example of this is the Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University in Suzhou which estimates that within the next five years more than 2,000 Chinese students will be studying every year in Liverpool.

Of course our relationship was cemented with the very kind invitation by Shanghai to exhibit at the 2010 World Expo and I’m delighted that the Liverpool Pavilion was so warmly welcomed and proved such a huge success.

A feature of the pavilion was the Shanghai Tower in the Liverpool Waters development and, with the right economic conditions, we may one day see that take shape.

So, as you can see, such historic relationships have the potential to shape our future.

And in an increasingly globalised world, partnerships like Shanghai and Liverpool are to be treasured, as there is still so much to learn and gain from them. As I’ve no doubt this timely and useful book will prove.

Leader of Liverpool City Council

作为一个有着面向世界的传统、通过不断的人员来

往寻求思想、物质和习俗交流的世界大港，利物浦历来

十分重视自己的国际关系。

在欧洲，中国人最先移居利物浦。因此，利物浦

与中国的关系是这个城市最有历史也是最伟大的国际关

系，这无可辩驳。

令人高兴的是，如今，这一关系在利物浦日复一日

的生活中依旧充满活力，并为十多年前利物浦与上海结

为“姐妹城市”提供了坚实的基础。

现在，一座由上海新建的中国牌坊矗立在利物浦唐

人街，成为这一友谊关系的正式见证。这一友谊关系的

发展已今非昔比。

其中最有力的一个证明就是位于苏州的西交利物浦

大学。据估计，在今后五年内，每年将有2000多名中国

学生到利物浦求学。

我们的关系也因上海亲切邀请利物浦参展2010年世

界博览会而进一步得到巩固。我非常高兴地看到利物浦

馆受到欢迎并且被证明是一个极大的成功。

利物浦馆的一大特色就是“水之利物浦”开发项目

的“上海之塔”，我们希望随着经济条件的成熟，这一

工程尽快成形。

所以，如您所见，这样的历史渊源拥有塑造我们未

来的潜力。

在一个日益全球化的世界，上海与利物浦这样的关

系会得到珍视，因为彼此之间需要学习和获取的东西实

在太多。我确信，这本及时、实用的书将会证明。

利物浦市议会议长

19

The Bond of FriendshipReflections on China and Britain


Commemorating the Shanghai Expo 2010回味2010年上海世界博览会

Shanghai World Expo 2010

The most exciting World Expo ever was hosted by Shanghai in 2010, nearly 170 years since the first was held at Crystal Palace in London in 1851. In March 2000, the Chinese State Council appointed then Vice Premier Wu Yi to head up a committee to bid for the Expo, securing the event for China in December 2002. Two years later Wu Yi became director of the Shanghai World Expo National Organising Committee, and its deputy director was Wan Jifei, chairman of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT), which had first raised the idea of staging the Expo.

The Expo 2010 theme of ‘Better City, Better Life’ represented the common desire of humankind for a better life in an urban environment. By the end of 2010 55% of the world population was living in cities and the Shanghai Expo focused on a significant period in urban evolution. More than 200 countries took part with visitor numbers estimated at over 70 million.

The official emblem, depicting the image of three people holding hands, symbolizes the family of mankind and was inspired by the shape of the Chinese character for the word ‘world’.

The mascot - Hai Bao - was created from the Chinese character for people - ren - which means the treasure of the sea. The blue colour indicates latitude and imagination, which represents the rising and future potential of China, and is regarded as a typical lucky name in Chinese tradition.

The Expo site covered 5.28 square kilometers and spanned both sides of the Huangpu River: with 3.93 sq.km in Pudong and 1.35 sq.km in Puxi.

2010 年上海世界博览会

1851年，世界博览会在伦敦水晶宫首次举办。时隔170年，历史上最雄心勃勃的世博会于2010年在上海亮相。2000年3月，中国国务院任命副总理吴仪领导世博会申办委员会。中国最终于2002年12月获得了主办权。两年之后，吴仪成为上海世博会组委会主任，副主任是中国国际贸易促进会会长万季飞。申办世博会便是由中国贸促会首次提出的。

2010年世博会的口号“城市让生活更美好”代表了在城市化背景下，人类追求更美好生活的普遍愿望。据估计，到2010年，世界上55%的人口将生活在城市中，而上海世博会则聚焦在人类城市化进程中这一有重要意义的节点。200多个国家参加了本届世博会，估计参观人数超过7000万。

上海世博会会徽是三个手拉手的人构成的图案，代表人类大家庭，其创意来自汉字“世”的形状。

世博会吉祥物名叫“海宝”，意为“四海之宝”，形状取汉字“人”的架构，蓝色取无限空间和展望之意，代表中国崛起的未来空间。在中国传统里，“海宝”是个典型的吉祥名字。

世博园占地5.28平方公里，横跨黄浦江两岸，其中浦东3.93平方公里，浦西1.35平方公里。

Right: The spectacular firework display that opened theShanghai Expo 2010

右图：2010年上海世博会在一片火树银花中开幕

21

Chapter 1 - In Praise Of Expo 2010第一章世博颂

22

THE UK Pavilion at the World Expo was considered to be one of the most intriguing and attracted huge crowds. Commissioned by the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office the aim

was to provide a dramatic demonstration of UK creativity and innovation.

When London hosted the first World Expo in 1851, Crystal Palace, the majestic, cast-iron and glass edifice designed by Joseph Paxton, took the world by storm and was a truly iconic building. If it hadn’t been destroyed by fire in 1936 it would still be regarded as one of the great structures in the world.

There was, therefore, something of a challenge for Thomas Heatherwick, one of Britain leading creative talents, who was commissioned by the UK government to come up with something equally spectacular for Shanghai.

He presented a simple, basic cube as the focal point for the 6000 square-metre UK Pavilion site. It was described as one of the most brilliant, if somewhat challenging, of all the Expo pavilions and, in its own way, also became iconic.

Heatherwick’s astonishing centrepiece was a six-storey object - a kind of ‘light box’ - formed from 60,000 slender transparent rods that extended from the structure and quivered in a breeze. Inside was a visual representation of the UK’s leading role in worldwide conservation, featuring Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank project, an international conservation programme launched by the Royal Botanic Gardens in 2000.

To emphasise the conservation agenda, seeds from a botanical centre in Kunming in China’s Yunnan province were placed within the needle like protrusions. During the day the 7.5 metre-long rods acted like fibre optic filaments, drawing on daylight to illuminate the interior. At night, light sources at the interior end of each rod saw the whole structure glow.

When the UK Pavilion - called ‘a pavilion of ideas’ - was unveiled, British consul general in Shanghai, Carma Elliot, commented: “The seeds demonstrate the concept of sustainability, the diversity of nature and urge people to protect the environment for future generations.”

The whole pavilion covered an area of 6000 square metres and visitors accessed the ‘Seed Cathedral’ by a series of walkways depicting the role of nature in UK cities.

One of China’s pre-eminent designers, Jiang Huancheng, believes it was the most extraordinary structure in the Expo garden. Jiang is the designer of Shanghai’s landmark Oriental Pearl Tower and says the UK ‘Seed Cathedral’ ‘was the most architecturally significant’.

Jiang added in a Xinhua News Agency report: “The structure was a showpiece and conveyed the message of environmental awareness.”

在上海世博会上，英国馆被认为是最迷人的展馆之

一，吸引了众多观众。英国馆受英国外交与联邦事务部

监管，其宗旨就是要生动展现英国的创意和创新能力。

1851年，伦敦主办首届世博会，当时约瑟夫·帕克

斯顿设计的坚固、宏伟的玻璃结构的水晶宫震撼了世

界，成为真正的标志性建筑。如果不是在1936年大火中

被毁，水晶宫今天依旧会被奉为世界最伟大建筑之一。

因此，当创意天才托马斯·赫斯维克被英国政府任

命为上海世博会设计同样壮观的展馆时，他面临的挑战

可想而知。

他把一个造型简单的立方体作为6000平米的英国馆

的中心展现给参观者。在所有上海世博会的展馆中，

英国馆被人们称为最夺目的展馆，也因此受到膜拜。

赫斯维克设计的主体为六层建筑，犹如一个灯箱，

由6万只纤细透明的“触须”组成，向外伸展，随风摇

曳。展馆内通过皇家植物园2000年发起的国际生态保护

项目“千年种子银行”展示了英国在全球生态保护中的

领军角色。

为了强调保护理念，来自中国云南省中国科学院昆

明植物研究所的种子被放入了“触须”里。白天的时

候，每根长达 7.5 米的“触须”会像光纤那样传导光

线来提供内部照明；到了晚上，“触须”内端所含光源

会使整个展馆熠熠发光。

当被称作“创意之馆”的英国馆揭幕时，英国驻上

海总领事艾琳评论说：“这些种子展示了可持续的理念

和自然的多样性，提醒人们为后代保护环境。”

英国馆面积6000平方米，游客通过一系列的走廊接

近“种子圣殿”。走廊的设计体现了英国城市爱护自然

的理念。

中国著名设计师江欢成认为英国馆是世博园内最卓

尔不凡的建筑。江欢成是上海标志性建筑东方明珠塔的

设计者。他说，“种子圣殿”是“在建筑学上最有意义

的。”

他在新华社的报道中还说：“这座建筑是一部代表

作，传递了环保意识觉醒的讯息。”

The Best Of British In Shanghai在上海展现把英国最好的

25

CHINA’S economic development over the last 30 years or so is one of the great success stories of recent history. Its rise as a global power has led many to speculate that this will be

‘China’s century’. Yet China’s riches can be measured in more than just the astonishing urbanisation and changes in lifestyle for so many. It is a nation of astounding wealth in biological diversity and is host to more than 33,000 native wild plant species.

Wild plant resources have been used for thousands of years by the Chinese people for the provision of food, medicines, fuel, timber fibres, gums, tanning materials, aromatic oils and dyes. Several thousand species of Chinese origin are now cultivated throughout the world, notably plants of nutritional, medicinal and ornamental value.

Yet this botanical treasure trove is under growing pressure from a complex chain of cause and effect of unprecedented magnitude - demographic, socio-economic and climatic changes and environmental contamination - rapidly transforming China’s ecosystems.

This is recognised in China and a major programme to reverse the decline of plant species is underway, assisted by the UK-based organisation Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI). ‘China’s strategy for plant conservation’ is a blueprint to protect the country’s wild plants. It was developed in 2007 as a collaborative initiative between the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the State Forestry Administration and the State Environmental Protection Administration, with the assistance of BGCI and the UK’s government department for the environment, Defra.

BGCI’s plant conservation programme in China contributes to the implementation of the Chinese strategy and is carried out in partnership with China’s network of botanic gardens. The work is spearheaded through BGCI’s China Office, which is hosted by the South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in Guangzhou in Guangdong province. Plant conservation projects are at present being implemented in China’s southern provinces, including Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan, and focus on the conservation of highly endangered tree species.

中国过去30多年来的经济发展是当代史上最成功的

故事之一。中国作为全球大国的崛起令许多人断想本世

纪将是“中国的世纪”。其实，中国的财富不仅仅可以

用惊人的城市化发展和人民生活方式的变化来衡量。中

国还有33000多种本土野生植物种群，因此，在植物多

样性方面，中国的财富也堪称惊人。

野生植物资源千百年来一直被中国人民作为饮食、

医药、燃料、香料、染料之用。现在，有数千种中国植

物在全世界范围种植，其中主要是一些有营养、药用和

装饰价值的植物。

但是，中国的植物宝库面临的压力与日俱增。压力

的原因很复杂，造成的后果也是前所未有。这包括人口

的增加，社会经济和气候变化以及环境污染。这些都在

迅速改变中国的生态系统。

中国已经意识到这一问题。在总部位于英国的国际

植物园保护联盟的支持下，中国正在实施一项旨在逆转

这种形势的重大计划。“中国植物保护战略”为保护这

个国家野生植物描绘了蓝图。这个计划是在国际植物园

保护联盟和英国政府环境部门的支持下，由中国科学

院、国家林业局和国家环保总局于2007年联合制定的。

国际植物园保护联盟在中国的项目与中国的植物园

系统合作实施，为执行中国植物保护战略作出了贡献。

这项工作由国际植物园保护联盟的中国办事处牵头，由

位于广州的中科院华南植物园主持。现在，植物保护计

划在湖北、江西、广东和云南等省份实施，主要针对高

度濒危树种。

Protecting China’s Botanical Heritage保护中国的植物遗产

Left: Children celebrate the Shanghai Expo左图：怀抱上海世博会吉祥物“海宝”的孩子们

China’s And Britain’s Flags

China’s famous flag - the Five-Star Red Flag - flies over Tiananmen Square in Beijing in the heart of the Chinese capital. The design - by Shanghai office worker Zeng Liansong - was selected from almost 3,000 suggestions, and the final choice was made by the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. At the suggestion of Mao Zedong the proposed hammer and sickle - the international symbol of Communism - was removed from the flag as a sign of national unity. The flag was officially adopted by the CPPCC on September 27, 1949 and first hoisted aloft in Tiananmen Square by Mao Zedong on October 1st 1949 at the founding of the PRC.

The Union Flag - also called The Union Jack - is the British national flag. It incorporates the flags of the three countries that form the United Kingdom: England, Scotland and Northern Ireland, a part of the UK since the partition of Ireland in 1921. The flag does not include the ‘Principality’ of Wales, which united with England in the 13th century. The Union Flag was introduced in January 1801 when the Irish cross of St Patrick was combined with the English red cross of St George and the diagonal white cross of St Andrew of Scotland to create a flag that has represented the British Isles ever since.

中国国旗英国国旗

中国国旗—五星红旗—在北京天安门广场高高飘扬。这里被喻为中国首都的心脏。五星红旗的设计者是上海一位叫曾联松的职员。他的设计是从近3000件候选作品中遴选出来，最后经过中国人民政治协商会议表决通过的。在毛泽东的建议下，最终方案没有采用原来设计中共产党的国际性标志—锤子和镰刀的图案。中国人民政治协商会议于1949年9月27日正式通过了国旗方案。在1949年10月1日中华人民共和国开国大典上，毛泽东在天安门广场亲手升起了五星红旗。

英国国旗“联合旗帜”，俗称“联合杰克”，在中国通常称为“米字旗”。它综合了联合王国三个组成部分，即英格兰、苏格兰和北爱尔兰的旗帜标志。北爱尔兰1921年脱离爱尔兰加入英国。因为威尔士“公国”在十三世纪的时候已经加入英格兰，故英国国旗没有体现这一元素。米字旗出现于1801年，那时代表爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克的交叉与代表英格兰守护神圣乔治的十字和代表苏格兰守护神圣安德鲁的交叉结合在一起，成为时至今日仍在沿用的代表不列颠群岛的旗帜。

Right: China’s five starred flag is raised to mark the opening of the Beijing Olympics in 2008

右图：五星红旗在2008年北京奥运会开幕式上冉冉升起。

27

Chapter 2 - History Of China And The UK第二章中国与英国的历史

28

BRITAIN and the People’s Republic of China formally recognised each other in March 1972 during the tenure of conservative prime minister Edward Heath and

ambassadors were exchanged for the first time, although low-level political exchanges had gone on since the early 1950s. Clement Attlee a former British prime minister and member of the National Executive Committee of the UK Labour Party led a Labour Party delegation on a visit to China in August 1954. Mao met with Attlee on August 24, stressing that it was possible for countries with different social systems to coexist peacefully.

Then in October 1972, the British defence secretary Denis Healey had an informal - but historic - meeting with Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai in the Great Hall of the People. Healey was variously UK secretary of state for defence, chancellor of the exchequer and deputy leader and international secretary of the British Labour Party. The following year, as part of an official British government delegation, politician Michael Heseltine, later to become UK deputy prime minister and president of the UK Board of Trade, also met Zhou Enlai in Beijing.

In 1982 British prime minister Margaret Thatcher visited Beijing to begin the historic talks on the future of Hong Kong and its return to China. On September 24 she met with Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping after earlier talks with Premier Zhao Ziyang. Britain had been granted a 99-year lease on land on the Kowloon peninsula and the island of Hong Kong by the Qing government in 1898. In September 1984 senior representatives of the Chinese and British governments announced that on July 1, 1997 China would resume sovereignty over Hong Kong and its three annexes, On May 27, 1985 the two governments ratified the joint declaration.

The Official Communiqué:

Both confirming the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs and equality and mutual benefit, the Government of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of the United Kingdom have decided to raise the level of their respective diplomatic representatives in each other’s capitals from chargés d’affaires to ambassadors as from 13 March, 1972. The government of the United Kingdom recognise the government of the People’s Republic of China as the sole legal government of China.

虽然直到1972年3月英国在保守党政府首相希思执

政期间才正式承认中华人民共和国，建立大使级外交关

系，但两国之间的低级别政治交往早在上个世纪50年代

早期就开始了。1954年8月，曾任英国首相的工党全国

执行委员会委员的克莱门特·艾德礼率领工党代表团访

问中国。毛泽东在会见艾德礼时强调说，不同社会制度

的国家也有可能和平共处。

1972年10月，时任英国国防大臣的丹尼斯·希利与

周恩来在北京人民大会堂会见。这次非正式会晤却有着

不一般的历史意义。希利曾担任过国防部国务秘书，财

政大臣和工党副党魁等职。第二年，政治人物迈克尔·

赫塞尔廷以官方代表的身份在北京会见了周恩来。赫塞

尔廷后来官居副首相。

1982年英国首相撒切尔访问北京，开始了有关香港

回归问题的历史性谈判。9月24日，在与赵紫阳总理会

谈后，撒切尔会见了邓小平。1898年，英国从当时中

国的清朝政府获得了对九龙半岛和香港岛99年的租借

权。1984年9月，中英政府高级代表宣布1997年7月1日

中国将恢复对香港行使主权。1985年5月27日，双方政

府签署了联合声明。

官方公报：

中华人民共和国和联合王国政府一致确认互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不干涉内政和平等互利的原则，决定自1972年3月13日起将本国派驻对方首都的外交代表由代办升格为大使。联合王国政府承认中华人民共和国政府是中国唯一的合法政府。

UK And China - Full Diplomatic Relations英国与中国：全面的外交关系

Right: Premier Wen Jiabao and Prime Minister David Cameron inspect the welcoming Chinese

guard of honour for the new British leader in Beijing on November 9, 2010

右图：2010年11月9日，温家宝总理陪同来访的英国首相卡梅伦检阅中国三军仪仗队

The Day China Finally Stood Upas declared by Mao Zedong

Some sixty years ago - on May 25, 1949 - the Communist juggernaut of what was to become the People’s Liberation Army rolled into Shanghai and the history of China’s most cosmopolitan city was changed forever. China’s war of liberation had broken out on June 26, 1946 between soldiers of the Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang Party’s army. The Shanghai campaign had waged since May 12, and the Communist forces of 290,000 faced a Nationalist army of 210,000. The PLA swept into the city with considerable speed and energy and the Nationalist opposition along the Suzhou Creek collapsed. Foreign newspapers such as the French ‘Le Monde’ and the British ‘Times’ reported in excited terms how the victorious ‘People’s Army’ troops entered the heart of Shanghai along Nanjing Lu and onto the world famous Bund.

正如毛泽东1949年宣布的那样这一天，中国终于站起来了

６０年前，１９４９年５月２５日，共产党领导的中国人民解放军浩浩荡荡开进上海，自此永久改变了这座中国最大的国际大都会的历史。１９４６年６月２６日，中国共产党领导的针对国民党军队的解放战争开始了。上海战役１９４９年５月１２日开始，共产党２９万军队与国民党２１万兵力展开较量。解放军势如破竹攻入上海，国民党沿苏州河的防线土崩瓦解。法国《世界报》、英国《泰晤士报》等外国报纸则不无感慨地报道了取得胜利的“人民的军队”如何沿南京路开进上海市中心，进入世界闻名的外滩。

Above: Mao Zedong on the Tiananmen rostrum in October 1949welcoming the new People’s Republic of China

1949年10月1日，毛泽东在天安门城楼向世界宣告中华人民共和国成立

Right: Fly past during the celebrations over the skies of Beijing in October 2009 for the 60th anniversary of the

founding of the People’s Republic of China右图：2009年10月1日，在庆祝中华人民共和国成立60周年

阅兵仪式上，飞机编队飞过天安门上空

33

Top left: China’s Prime Minister Wen Jiabao speaking at press conference with then UK Prime Minister Tony Blair in Downing Street, London on 13 September 2006左上：2006年9月13日，中国总理温家宝与英国首相托尼·布莱尔在伦敦唐宁街一起会见记者

Left: Chinese President Hu Jintao inspects a ‘guard of honour’ with Prince Philip at the Horse Guards Parade in London on 8 November 2005. President Hu was paying a state visit to Britain at the invitation of Queen Elizabeth II左图：2005年11月8日, 在应英国女王伊丽莎白二世之邀出访英国期间，中国国家主席胡锦涛在菲利普亲王陪同下检阅英国皇家禁卫骑兵仪仗队

Top right: Chairman of the Central Military Commission Deng Xiaoping meets British Prime Minister Mrs. Margaret Thatcher in Beijing in 1984右上：1984年，邓小平在北京会见英国首相撒切尔

Bottom right: Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai greeting Michael Heseltine in Beijing, during his first visit to China in 1973右下：1973年，迈克尔·赫塞尔廷首次访华，受到中国总理周恩来接见

34

IN JANUARY 1950 the British government’s recognition of the People’s Republic of China resulted in the appointments of a series of chargese d’affaires that included firstly Humphrey

Trevelyan in 1953, followed by various incumbents such as Donald Hopson, Percy Craddock - later to become ambassador in 1978 - and John Denson.

John Addis was the first formal British ambassador after diplomatic links were signed in March 1972. Edward Youde followed, in 1974, and he was governor of Hong Kong from 1982 until 1986, when he died suddenly in Beijing. Percy Craddock took over the embassy in 1978 until 1984 and played a major part in the Sino-British talks over the Hong Kong issue.

Richard Evans was ambassador between 1984 and 1988, and was host to the Queen’s first state visit to China in 1986. His first posting to Beijing was in 1955 and he returned as first secretary in 1964.

Alan Donald served three times in China, firstly from 1955-57, then as a first secretary from 1964-66 and, finally, as ambassador between 1988 and 1991. He had accompanied prime minister Margaret Thatcher to China in 1982 at the start of the talks on the future of Hong Kong. Robin McLaren, who had been a senior representative on the Hong Kong liaison group, arrived in Beijing in 1991. Leonard Appleyard, who studied classical Chinese at Cambridge, became ambassador in 1994 and witnessed the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997 before being succeeded as ambassador by Anthony Galsworthy later that year.

Christopher Hum, another fluent Chinese speaker, became ambassador in 2002, replaced by William Ehrman in 2006, and the latest incumbent is Sebastian Wood, who took over in 2010.

1 9 5 0年1月，英国政府决定承认中华人民共和

国。随后，英国任命了一系列驻中国代办，其中包括

1953年上任的杜维廉以及后来的霍普森、柯利达（1978

年起曾任大使）和谭森等。

艾惕斯是两国1972年3月正式建立外交关系之后的第

一任英国驻华大使。1974年，尤德接任，他后来于1982

年至1986年任香港总督。柯利达1978年至1984年担任

驻华大使，在中英有关香港问题的谈判中发挥了重要作

用。

伊文斯于1984至1988年任驻华大使，其间，1986年

英国女王首次对中国进行国事访问。1955年，伊文斯首

次到英国驻华代办处任职，并于1964年再次到北京任一

秘。

唐纳德有三段在中国工作的经历。第一次是在1955

至1957年，第二次是1964至1966年，时任一秘；第三

次是1988至1991年，任大使。1982年，中英就香港未

来问题开始磋商，他曾陪同首相撒切尔夫人访华。曾任

香港联络小组高级代表的麦若彬1991年上任驻华大使。

艾博雅曾在剑桥大学学习古汉语，他于1994年就任驻华

大使，在任期间，香港于1997年回归中国。之后是高德

年，于1997年上任。

韩魁发中文也说得非常流利，他于2002年出任驻华

大使。之后是2006年上任的欧威廉和2010年接任的现任

大使吴思田。

British Ambassadors To The People’s Republic Of China英国历任驻中华人民共和国大使

35

Top right: Sebastian Wood - the current UK Ambassador to China from 2010右上：现任英国驻华大使吴思田

Top left: Sir William Erhman - Ambassadorfrom 2006-2010左上：欧威廉爵士 - 2006至2010年任英国驻华大使

Bottom right: Sir Christopher Hum - Ambassador from 2002-2006右下：韩魁发爵士 - 2002至2006年任英国驻华大使

36

WHEN Britain and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) first formalised diplomatic relations in 1972 the first Chinese ambassador was Song Zhiguang. He had joined

the ‘revolution’ in 1936 and before the founding of the PRC in 1949 was at one point deputy regimental political commissar of the 11th Column of the Third Field Army. After his ambassadorial role in the UK ended in 1978 he was ambassador to Japan from 1982 to 1985.

Prior to Song’s appointment bilateral relations had been dealt with by two charges d’affaires: Huan Xiang who arrived in the UK in 1954 and was succeeded by Xiong Xianghui in 1962, who remained in post until the end of 1971.

China’s other ambassadors to Britain have been Ke Hua, who took up post in 1978; Chen Zhaoyuan arrived in 1983 for a two-year posting and was followed by Hu Dingyi, who also stayed for two years.

In 1987 Ji Chaozhu took up residency at the embassy in London followed, in 1991, by Ma Yuzhen. Jiang Enzhu arrived in 1995, followed by Ma Zhengang in 1997 - the first of the 21st century ambassadors.

In 2002 Zha Peixin presented his credentials to HM Queen Elizabeth at Buckingham Palace - the usual procedure - and the first woman ambassador, Fu Ying, did the same in 2007, followed by Liu Xiaoming, the current ambassador, who arrived in London in March 2010.

1972年，中华人民共和国与英国建立正式外交关系，当时派驻

英国第一任大使是宋之光。他于1936年参加革命，新中国成立前曾

任第三野战军十一纵队团副政委。宋之光在英国的任期于1978年结

束，后于1982年至1985年任驻日本大使。

在宋之光之前，中国方面先后有两位代办处理两国关系。宦乡于

1954年上任，之后是熊向晖于1962年接任，直至1971年。

中国驻英国大使还有：柯华，1978年就任；陈肇源，1983年就

任，任期两年；之后是胡定一，同样任期两年。

1987年，冀朝铸开始任驻英大使，之后由马毓真1991年接任。接

下来是姜恩柱，1995年上任；马振岗，1997年上任。马振岗也是二

十一世纪中国第一位驻英大使。

2002年，培新在白金汉宫向伊丽莎白女王陛下递交了国书，成

为中国驻英大使；2007年接任此职的傅莹是第一位中国驻英国女大

使；现任大使刘晓明于2010年3月上任。

Chinese Ambassadors To The United Kingdom中华人民共和国历任驻英国大使

37

Top right: Liu Xiaoming - Current Chinese Ambassador to the UK from 2010右上：现任中国驻英国大使刘晓明

Top middle: Madam Fu Ying - Ambassadorfrom 2007-2010上中：傅莹女士 - 2007至2010年任中国驻英国大使

Top left: Zha Peixin - Ambassador from 2002-2007左上：査培新 - 2002至2007年任中国驻英国大使

Bottom right: Song Zhiguang - Ambassadorfrom 1972-1977右下：宋之光 - 1972至1977年任中国驻英国大使

Bottom middle: Ma Yuzhen - Ambassadorfrom 1991-1995下中：马毓真 - 1991至1995年任中国驻英国大使

Bottom left: Hu Dingyi - Ambassadorfrom 1985-1987左下：胡定一 - 1985至1987年任中国驻英国大使

38

THE revolutionary publisher Chen Tian Sheng was one of the founders of Xinhua’s London bureau in 1947 and was associated with it until the early 1980s. He was born

in Kingston, Jamaica in 1908 and became a merchant seaman when he was 18. He had dual Chinese and British citizenship and settled in the UK basing himself in Liverpool.

He worked tirelessly for the British seamen’s union, fighting for Chinese sailors’ rights, and joined the Communist Party of Britain in 1935. He formed the Anti-Japan Salvation Front during the Sino-Japanese War - 1937 t0 1945 - but the then Chinese Kuomintang government’s consul in Liverpool ordered him to stop the agitation. Instead, he embraced the Communist revolutionaries in China.

After the war ended, in 1945, he was well known by the Chinese diaspora, including seamen, students and revolutionaries who persuaded him to establish the Kung Ho Chinese Mutual Aid Association in London. These ‘comrades’ invited him to head up Xinhua’s first overseas office in London.

Chen - known as Samuel to his British friends - distributed news about the Communist progress in China and after the Red Army rolled into Shanghai on 25 May 1949, his triumphant reports echoed those of the British ‘Times’ newspaper, which reported in excited terms how the victorious ‘People’s Army’ troops made their way to the world-famous Bund.

However, it wasn’t long after Mao Zedong raised the People’s Republic flag on the Tiananmen Gate rostrum on October 1st that western powers - including Britain - introduced a trade embargo on China. Chen was an energetic member of the team that lobbied the postwar Labour government to re-establish those ties.

He was a fervent supporter of the People’s Republic of China, but only joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1963

after being expelled from the British party for disagreeing with the Soviet Union’s then China policy. He remained a politically formidable and charismatic figure well into old age, and died in London in 2004.

Chen is survived by his wife and 11 children whose birth dates span 60 years and who live variously in the UK, Hong Kong, Canada, the US and Switzerland.

Another passionate Chinese socialist, Tang Kam, joined Chen at Xinhua’s London office in 1958. Tang was born in Kowloon in Hong Kong in 1923 and joined the Blue Funnel shipping line, working on the legendary Queen Mary liner, also ending up in Liverpool in 1955.

He was also active in the Chinese Seamen’s Union but then worked in restaurants in Liverpool. His wife, Tse Man Ying, left Hong Kong in 1960 to join him, leaving three baby daughters Rebecca, Linda and Janet, who were brought up by their grandparents. Janet and Linda - who now works with UK Trade Invest in London as a China markets adviser - joined Tang and Ying in 1971 and they had one other daughter, Helen, who was born in the UK.

Keen to help forge a modern Communist China in 1958 Tang accepted Chen’s offer to work at Xinhua in London and although his ‘official’ role was as cook he also spent his days as a printer working first in Hampstead, where Xinhua staff lived, and then at Chancery Lane. According to his daughter, Linda (Soon), rather than secure a high-paid job with his cookery abilities, he remained committed to Xinhua and China’s revolutionary cause for over 25 years.

His dedication to New China was acknowledged both in Beijing and London and, particularly, by the first Chinese chargee d’affaire, Huan Xiang (1954-62), and the first official Chinese ambassador to Britain, Song Zhiguang (1972-1977).Tang visited Xinhua’s HQ in Beijing for the first time in 1982 and he was applauded by many of the writers and editors. He retired in 1988.

Tang died in 1999 and his funeral was attended by Zhou Shuchun, then Xinhua’s chief editor in London, who paid a special tribute describing him as ‘an unsung hero of Xinhua News Agency’.

Promoting China’s Revolutionary Cause推进中国的革命事业

Left: Members of Chen Tian Sheng’s family today in London: Anna Chen with her half-sister Chloe Chinque (an older

version of the name Chen) and her stepmother Kin Yung Chinque左图：陈天声在伦敦的妻女

Top right: Tang Kam, foreground, at a reception in Xinhua, London with Chen Tian Sheng just behind in the leather coat

邓金（前）在伦敦参加新华社的招待会。邓金身后穿皮衣者为陈天声

39

陈天声的妻子依然健在。他有11个孩子，他们之间年龄最大

相差60岁，生活在英国、香港、美国、加拿大和瑞士。

1958年，另外一位爱国的社会主义者邓金加入了新华社伦敦

分社，与陈天声共同工作。邓金1923年出生于香港，后来加入蓝

烟囱轮船公司，曾在传奇式的“玛丽皇后”号上工作，1955年在

利物浦去世。

邓金也非常热心于中国海员工会的活动，后来在利物浦的

餐厅工作。他的妻子谢文英1960年离开香港到英国与他团聚，

留下三个孩子瑞贝卡、琳达和詹尼特与祖父母生活。詹尼特和

琳达1971年到英国与父母团聚。琳达现在伦敦的英国贸易投资

总署担任中国市场顾问。邓金夫妇在英国还育有一女，名为海

伦。

邓金热心于帮助建设一个现代的共产主义中国，他1958年接

受陈天声的邀请到新华社伦敦分社工作。虽然他的“正式”岗位

是厨师，他还先后在汉普斯第新华社员工居所和后来的伦敦分社

所在地赞善里作印刷工作。他的女儿琳达说，以他的厨艺，邓金

可以谋得薪酬较高的工作，但他为新华社和中国的革命事业做了

25年的贡献。

邓金为新中国的付出在北京和伦敦都得到了认可，特别是得

到了新中国第一任驻英国代办宦乡（1954-1962）和中国驻英国

首任大使宋之光（1972-1977）的赞誉。1982年邓金首次到新华

社北京总部访问，受到众多编辑、记者的欢迎。他于1988年退

休。

邓金于1999年去世。时任新华社伦敦分社社长周树春参加了

他的葬礼。周树春称之为“新华通讯社的无名英雄”。

革命出版人陈天声是1947年成立的新华社伦敦分社前身—新

华社伦敦出稿站的创立者之一，直到上个世纪八十年代早期一直

与新华社伦敦分社保持关系。陈天声1908年生于牙买加首都金斯

敦，18岁时成为商船水手，具有中英双重国籍，后定居英国利物

浦。

他曾在英国工会组织工作，为中国籍海员争取权益而不懈努

力。他于1935年加入英国共产党。1937年至1945年中国抗日战争

期间，他成立了抗日救国阵线，但是当时中国国民党政府驻利物

浦领事命令他停止这一行动，所以，他转而投身中国共产党的革

命事业。

1945年，抗日战争结束后，陈天声在英国华人社区广为人

知，包括海员、学生和革命人士。后来在革命人士的建议下，他

在伦敦成立了“工合华人互助协会”。这些“同志”后来邀请他

在伦敦领导组建了新华社在海外的第一个分支机构。

陈天声的英国朋友称他为塞缪尔。他发布了关于共产党在中

国取得胜利的情况。1949年5月25日中国人民解放军挺进上海，他

传递了一系列胜利的消息，与此同时，《泰晤士报》也兴奋地报

道了取得胜利的“人民军队”如何挺进世界著名的外滩的消息。

但是，毛泽东在天安门城楼升起中华人民共和国国旗不久，

包括英国在内的西方列强就对新中国实施了贸易封锁。陈天声因

此成为游说战后工党政府取消对华贸易禁运的积极分子。

陈天声是中华人民共和国热情的支持者，但他直到1963年因

反对苏联的有关中国政策被英共开除后才加入中国共产党。2004

年，陈天声于伦敦去世。作为一位政治人物，他的一生令人钦佩

和仰慕。

40

新华社是部级国家事业单位，总部设在北京，临近中国的

政治权力中心中南海，代表政府的官方声音。新华社目前有

1万多采编、管理和营销人员。目前，除台湾外，在国内31个

省、自治区和直辖市以及香港和澳门特别行政区都设有分社。

新华社驻海外机构分布广泛，包括设在香港的亚太总分

社、墨西哥城的拉美总分社、开罗的中东总分社、内罗毕的非

洲总分社以及布鲁塞尔的欧洲总分社。此外，新华社还在华盛

顿、伦敦、巴黎、罗马、莫斯科等100多个国家的首都设有分

社。

实际上，新华社最早的海外分支机构就是1947年在伦敦设

立的，当时的位置就是后来伦敦的唐人街。起初，新华社是唯

一代表刚刚成立的中华人民共和国的驻英国机构。这个驻伦敦

的分支机构为后来新华社在世界各地设立分社提供了样板。

后来，新华社伦敦分社搬至伦敦霍尔本赞善里76号，那里

一度也是“事实上”的中国驻英国使馆。1980年，新华社伦敦

分社迁至现址：伦敦北部瑞士村。伦敦分社在新华社全球新闻

报道以及在中国政府目前着力提升国际影响力和塑造国际形象

的战略中占重要位置。

巧合的是，生于伦敦的英国共产党员、《工人日报》记者

阿兰·魏宁顿报道了中国革命的最后胜利，并于1949年跟随人

民解放军进入北京。他在中国被称为“阿兰”。阿兰与杰出的

宣传家周恩来相识，新中国成立几个月后，他们就一起讨论新

华社如何用不同的语言向世界广播和发布新闻。阿兰和妻子姚

英曾在新华社工作多年。姚英出生于上海，在英国长大，1949

年回国参加革命。阿兰于1983年在英国去世。

China’s Media Comes Of Age In The 21st Century二十一世纪，中国媒体的成熟期

THE New China News Agency - Xinhua - was founded in 1931 as the Red China News Agency. At ministry level in terms of status and strategy Xinhua - with

its HQ in Beijing close to the country’s political power base at Zhongnanhai - is the ‘official’ voice of the Chinese government. It currently employs 10,000 journalists, editors and administrative and managerial staff. It has domestic bureaux throughout China’s 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, except for Taiwan.

Xinhua’s overseas coverage is vast with four regional bureaux based in Hong Kong, Mexico City covering all of South America, Nairobi for Africa and Cairo for the Middle East. There is also a major regional bureau in Brussels for the European Union and bureaux in more than 100 world capitals including London, Washington, Paris, Rome and Moscow.

In fact, the first overseas branch of Xinhua was founded in London in 1947 and was located in what was later to become London’s Chinatown. At first Xinhua was the only British-based organisation to represent the fledgling People’s Republic of China. The London office provided the model for successive Xinhua bureaux opened around the world.

Later the agency moved to 76 Chancery Lane in London’s Holborn, which was also for a time the ‘de facto’ Chinese embassy in Britain. In 1980 it moved to its present home in Swiss Cottage, north London, and is pivotal to Xinhua’s worldwide ‘news’ agenda and the Chinese government’s current drive to boost the country’s global presence and its international image.

Coincidentally, the London-born British Communist journalist Alan Winnington - known as Ah Lan in China and a correspondent for the ‘Daily Worker’ - had covered the closing stages of the Chinese Revolution and entered Beijing with the People’s Liberation Army in 1949. He also knew Zhou Enlai, a brilliant propagandist, and within months of the establishment of the PRC they discussed how Xinhua could broadcast and distribute news in various foreign languages.

He died in the UK in 1983 but had worked for Xinhua in China for many years, as did his then wife Esther Cheo Ying, who was born in pre-revolutionary Shanghai but raised in Britain’s Midlands, returning to China in 1949 to join the Red Army. She then joined Xinhua News Agency in its early days and, also working with Peking Radio, witnessed and reported on the creation of New China from the inside. Cheo Ying returned to Britain before the Cultural Revolution engulfed China, and became a teacher.

41

Left: Chen Tian Sheng, one of the founder’s of Xinhua’s London Bureau pictured in 1951新华社伦敦分社创始人之一陈天声。（摄于1951年）

Observing China’s Wind Of Change by Ben Chapman观察中国变革的风向本·查普曼

importantly, a formal agreement was concluded between the chambers of commerce of the two cities, instigated by John Entwistle, chairman of the Liverpool Chamber.

I subsequently returned to Liverpool, in 1996, with Xu Kuangdi, a British Council scholar, who had then become Mayor of Shanghai.

When I became a politician - Member of Parliament for Wirral South - in February 1997, I found there was no existing parliamentary group for China, so I set one up, becoming its founder chairman that same year. The All-Party Parliamentary China Group developed into the largest, most effective such organisation with 500 members. I like to think that it has become a major influence on the Sino-UK bilateral relationship

As a result we have been able to develop important relationships with the powerful National People’s Congress at both a provincial and national level and have met current senior leaders such as President Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao

Since retiring from the Houses of Parliament - in April 2010 - my involvement in the Shanghai-Liverpool relationship has come full circle. I was delighted once again to support the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce with a now flourishing relationship with its Chinese counterparts - and in helping to promote Liverpool’s presence at the World Expo.

The city’s commitment to the Shanghai Expo will be regarded in China as confirmation that it understands the shifting balance in the new world order, and will, I believe, be of huge benefit to Liverpool and the UK generally.

Ben Chapman was commercial counsellor at the British Embassy in Beijing between late 1986 and mid 1990 and MP for Wirral South from 1997 to 2010. He is president of the UK All Party Parliamentary China Group and a fellow of the 48 Group Club.

IN THE late October of 1986 I was a senior civil servant in the UK’s Department of Trade and Industry

in London when ‘out of the blue’ it was suggested I might like to take up the post of commercial counsellor at the British Embassy in China.

The appointment followed the Queen’s historic visit to China earlier that

month when she was a guest of Premier Li Peng. Its success persuaded a number of Whitehall ‘mandarins’ that it was time for a civil servant with diplomatic experience, and a trade specialist, to join the embassy staff in Peking, as it was known then.

In the depths of winter, I arrived to view a very different China to the increasingly modern one we now know well.

As I looked around, the ubiquitous ‘Mao’ suits and hordes of bicycles remained the social order of the day and the manifestation of the socialist market economy was limited to a few ‘silk’ markets in a city of hutongs and piles of winter cabbages. There were fewer than a handful of western-style hotels and the embassy pub - The Bell - was a focal point and important meeting place for British business people. The involvement of embassy officials was desirable in any deal of significance, and certainly in those projects covered by the British ‘soft loan’.

Unusually, for the time, I travelled widely and to remote, indeed ‘closed’, parts of China in transport conditions unrecognisable if set against today’s high-speed trains and expanding road network.

By the time I left in late 1990 the ‘potential’ of China was still largely just that but there was definitely the ‘wind of change’ in the air.

When I returned to the UK to become Department of Trade and Industry Director for Merseyside and later for the wider north-west of England, based in Manchester, it seemed sensible to use my China experience as best I could to benefit the area. So, in 1991, I set to work on creating, - together with the fledgling Mersey Partnership - a major New Year Chinese festival in the city linked to a major trade promotion event.

In partnership with the Foreign Office I arranged that the then Mayor of Shanghai, Huang Ju, should - given the obvious historic associations - visit Liverpool in 1992. I was then able to facilitate a return visit by a delegation to Shanghai in the spring of 1993 led by the then Lord Mayor of Liverpool, with representatives of the Mersey Partnership, the Mersey Docks and Harbour Company and Liverpool Chamber of Commerce. Unfortunately, it was not possible at that stage to pursue ‘an understanding’ for twinning between the cities but, most

42

43

区。所以，1991年我借助刚起步的“默西伙伴”项目，着手在

新年期间设立一个重要的中国节，并使之与一个重要贸易促进

活动挂钩。

1992年，我与上海市外事办合作，安排时任上海市长黄菊

访问利物浦。1993年，利物浦市长率团回访上海，代表团成

员来自“默西伙伴”项目、默西码头和港口公司以及利物浦

商会。虽然当时促成利物浦与上海结成姐妹城市的时机还未成

熟，但最重要的是，在利物浦商会主席约翰·安特维斯特尔的

倡议下，两个城市的商会之间达成了正式的协议。

后来，在1996年，我陪同时任上海市长、英国文化协会学

者徐匡迪访问利物浦。

1997年2月，我成为议员从政之后，发现议会中没有中国

团组，于是我组建了议会中国小组，成为它的创始人。现在跨

党派中国小组已经发展成为英国议会中最大的、最有成效的同

类组织，有议员500名。我想这个组织已经成为中英关系中一

个主要的、也是颇具影响的组成部分。

因此，我们得以和中国全国人大和省级人大发展重要的关

系，并且得到了胡锦涛、温家宝等中国现任领导人的会见。

2010年4月，从议会退休之后，我全力投入促进上海与利

物浦的关系发展上。我为能够再次有机会支持利物浦商会与它

的中国同行发展密切的关系感到高兴，也为能够推动利物浦在

上海世博会亮相感到欣慰。

利物浦对上海世博会的投入向中国表明这个城市认识到世

界秩序的平衡正在转移。我相信，这种投入将使利物浦以及整

个英国受益匪浅。

本·查普曼1986年至1990年任英国驻华使馆商务参赞，1997年至2010年任英国议会议员，现任英国议会跨党派中国小组名誉主席，48家集团俱乐部会员。

1986年10月末，我在英国贸易工业部担任高级公务员，但

突然有人征询我是否愿意到英国驻华大使馆担任商务参赞。在

我被任命之前，女王受李鹏总理的邀请，刚刚对中国进行了历

史性的访问。这次成功的访问说服了英国政府的一些“大人”

，使他们确信向北京使馆派驻有外交经验的公务员和贸易专家

恰逢其时。

当年冬天，我来到了中国。当然，那时的中国与时下我们

所熟知的越来越现代的中国非常不同。

那时，环顾四周，随处可见的毛式服装和自行车流依旧是

中国社会的风尚，而社会主义市场经济的象征仅仅局限在城市

胡同里的几个像“秀水街”一样的市场和一堆堆的大白菜。西

式宾馆也少得可怜，大使馆的酒吧“大钟”成为英国商界人士

聚会的主要去处。任何重要交易都离不开使馆官员，特别是那

些可以由英国的“软贷款”支持的项目。

超乎想象的是，那时的交通条件虽然很难与现在的高速铁

路和四通八达的公路网络相比，但我竟然在中国走了很多地

方，而且去过遥远的、确实也很“封闭”的地方。

到1990年末，我即将离开的时候，中国的“潜力”在很大

程度上说应该还是老样子，但可以肯定的是，那时在这个国家

已经可以四处呼吸得到“变革的风向”了。

回到英国之后，我在贸易工业部负责默西塞德郡的事务，

后来到了曼彻斯特，负责整个英格兰西北部地区的事务，那

时，我觉得应该最大限度地利用我在中国的经历来服务这一地

Left: Ben Chapman in the Great Hall of the People with Ji Peiding, chairman of the China Britain Friendship Group and a member of the NPC Standing Committee左图：本·查普曼在北京人民大会堂与中国全国人大外事委员会副主任委员、中英议会友好小组主席吉佩定会见

The Charm Of Britain

‘British life is exciting and diverse. Whether it was watching a play, cheering for a football team or watching horse racing, it was always enjoyable and exciting. The charm and maturity of the British style has not been lost on me.

Like many Chinese, British literature was part of my education. Being here has given me the luxury of tracing the roots of some famous names. The little round table under the window where Jane Austen wrote, including ‘Pride and Prejudice’, is printed on my memory. The open moor which so inspired the Bronte sisters gave me much about which to think. The quiet lakeside home of William Wordsworth took me hours to walk through. This is quintessentially British, the charm of culture that is a magnet for countless Chinese.’

Fu Ying, former Chinese Ambassador to the UK, who was appointed the PRC’s Vice-Foreign Minister of Foreign Affairs in January 2010. She was speaking at a farewell banquet in London organised by the China-Britain Business Council.

英伦魅力

“英国的生活丰富多彩，无论是在剧场里欣赏名剧，还是足球场上狂热的喝彩，抑或是观看赛马，这些经历总是充满乐趣，令人激动。英国生活方式的醇与美已然浸润我心。

与许多中国人一样，英国文学是我接受的学校教育的一部分。出使英伦让我有幸在这里追寻名著作者的足迹：简·奥斯汀临窗撰写《傲慢与偏见》的小圆桌在我的脑海里留下深深的印记；博朗蒂姐妹汲取灵感的荒原引发我无限的遐想；威廉·华兹华斯静谧的湖畔故居让我流连忘返。这就是英国，这就是令无数中国人为之向往的文化魅力。”

傅莹是原驻英国大使。她于2010年1月被任命为中国外交部副部长。此处摘录的是傅莹在英中贸易协会在伦敦为她组织的告别宴会上的演讲。

Right: The rolling hills of rural England右图：英格兰起伏的山地

46

ONE of China’s most distinguished journalists Xiong Lei had a significant role in translating the 48 Group’s Icebreakers book, which was published in 2008 and launched in Beijing

to commemorate over 50 years of the British business networking club’s close ties with China.

The former managing editor of China Features at Xinhua News Agency in Beijing, Xiong Lei has published hundreds of articles on issues ranging from politics, media, science and archaeology in newspapers and magazines in China, the UK, the United States, France and elsewhere.

She currently also writes frank and insightful opinion columns for the English language ‘China Daily’ and for the on-line ‘China Dialogue’. She has also written for the ‘New Statesman’ in the UK and the Worldwatch Institute.

She is a guest professor of journalism with Tsinghua University and Beijing Foreign Studies University and a council member of the China Society for Human Rights Studies.

She has edited a number of books including ‘Portraits of Ordinary Chinese’ (Foreign Languages Press, 1991), ’More or Less, Half the Sky: Chinese Women Parade’ (Xinhua Press, 1995); and ‘Issues Once Invisible: Children & Women in Changing China’ (2003). In 2008 Xiong Lei co-authored - with American professor of journalism Judy Polumbaum - the critically acclaimed ‘China Ink: The Changing Face of Chinese Journalism’.

When China’s college entrance exams resumed in 1977, after the hiatus of the Cultural Revolution, Xiong Lei was in the first class entering the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences postgraduate school. She became an accomplished reporter and editor with Xinhua and developed special expertise in science, medical and environmental reporting.

Xiong Lei comes from a revolutionary Communist family and is an idealistic individual who is fiercely committed to China’s progress yet is a sharp analytical observer of events and changes in Chinese society.

中国最著名的记者之一熊蕾为48家集团《破冰者》一

书的翻译做出了重要贡献。该书于2008年出版，并在北

京举行了首发式，以此纪念这家英国商贸企业俱乐部与

中国半个多世纪的亲密关系。

熊蕾曾任新华通讯社旗下中国特稿社副社长，在中、

英、美、法等国报纸、杂志发表文章数百篇，内容涉及

政治、传媒、科技和考古等领域。

她现在还为英文《中国日报》和“中国对话”网撰写

观点直率、见解深刻的评论，并曾为英国杂志《新政治

家》和世界观察研究所撰写文章。

熊蕾现受聘清华大学、北京外国语大学新闻学客座教

授，是中国人权研究会理事。

熊蕾曾主编或合作主编英文图书《中国人众生相》

（外文出版社，1991年）《撑起中国的半边天》（新华

出版社，1995年）以及《不可忽视的群体：新世纪的中

国妇女和儿童》（2003年）。2008年，她与美国新闻学

教授朱迪·波罗鲍姆共同撰写了《变脸：中国新一代职

业媒体人口述实录》一书。该书用英文和中文出版，备

受关注与好评。

1977年，中国恢复了文化大革命中一度中断的高考，

熊蕾成为此后第一批进入中国社会科学院研究生院的学

生。后来，她进入新华社，成为一名事业有成的记者、

编辑，在科技、医疗卫生和环境等领域报道方面颇有专

长。

熊蕾生于革命家庭，是一心致力于中国发展进步的理

想主义者。同时，她也是中国社会世事变迁的敏锐的观

察者和犀利的批判者。

Right: Xiong Lei and ‘Icebreakers’ book editor-in-chief Lew Baxter at the 48 Group anniversary

celebrations in Beijing in April 2008右图：2008年4月，熊蕾与《破冰者》主编鲁·巴克斯特（中文名老胡公）在48家集团于北京举行

的“破冰者”之旅55周年纪念会上

Far Right: Beijing city view中国首都北京

The Power Of The Pen Fighting China’s Corner为中国战斗：笔杆子的力量

48

Getting The China Message Across传递中国讯息

THE first general interest magazine for Chinese people living in the UK - ‘SiYu Chinese Times’ - was published in 1984 (until 2007) in Manchester by Chinese Marketing and

Communications (CMC), a ‘workers’ cooperative’. The magazine had a readership of over 25,000 and CMC also

published ‘Chinese Business Impact’, the first UK based magazine devoted solely to coverage of Sino-British trade. CMC’s founder Simon Jones, with a combined British-Chinese editorial team, also produced ‘Ying Zhong Weilai - UK-China Future’- the first Chinese language magazine covering official British initiatives in China.

In 1998 Simon Jones forged a trail-blazing cooperation with ‘China Daily’ to launch the ‘English Café supplement in ‘21st Century Weekly’ magazine, reaching an audience of over five million readers.

CMC also worked with major Chinese broadcast and web media, including China Central Television, Beijing TV, Phoenix CNE, Sina, Sohu, Tom and Netease.

Based in Wuhan House in the heart of Manchester’s China Town, CMC was instrumental in bringing together Sino-UK local authorities including Manchester and Wuhan, Chorley and Lanzhou, Salford and Chengdu, and Halton and Tongling.

针对英国华人的第一本非专业杂志《丝语：中国时

报》于1984年问世，由创意广告公司出版，一直延续到

2007年。创意广告公司是一个专门的“工人合作社”。

该杂志读者超过2.5万人。创意广告公司还出版了

《中国商业影响力》。这是英国第一本纯粹报道中英贸

易的杂志。创意广告公司的创始人钟玺铭与他的编辑团

队还出版了《中英未来》。这是第一本介绍英国官方有

关中国行动的中文刊物。

1998年，钟玺铭与中国日报社达成开创性的合作协

议，在《21世纪周报》上开办增刊“英国咖啡馆”，

读者愈500万。

创意广告公司还与中国主要的电视媒体和网站合

作，其中包括中央电视台、北京电视台、凤凰卫视、

新浪网、搜狐网、Tom网和网易等。

创意广告公司位于曼彻斯特唐人街，为中英两国地

方之间展开往来牵线搭桥，比如曼彻斯特和武汉、乔利

与兰州、索尔福德与成都、赫尔顿与铜陵。

49

The World Loves Pandas世界爱熊猫

CHINA is the exclusive home of the giant panda, which is regarded as a national treasure as well as being loved the world over. Wild pandas can only be found in the

mountainous regions of central China: in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and it is estimated that there are now only about 1500 roaming these areas.

Giant pandas are among the world’s most endangered species and a major conservation programme to boost the population is taking place at the Chengdu Panda Breeding Research Center in Sichuan, which has successfully bred over 300 pandas in recent years.

There are also a small number is zoos around the world. In fact, London Zoo kept several pandas from 1938 onwards. In 1958 attempts to mate the zoo’s female panda Chi-Chi with the only other giant panda outside China, An-An from Moscow Zoo, attracted international interest and made her famous.

China has long practised ‘panda diplomacy’ by sending these alluring creatures as gifts to foreign leaders. This policy can be traced back to the seventh century when Empress Wu Zetian sent a pair of pandas to the Japanese emperor.

After the founding of the People’s Republic Mao Zedong enthusiastically encouraged the nation’s love of the panda and for this rare and beautiful creature to be used as a national ambassador. He presented more than twenty pandas to foreign countries, including the male Chia-Chia and female Ching-Ching who were given to British prime minister Edward Heath during his visit to China in 1974.

London Zoo looked after them and later two more pandas, Bao Bao and Ming Ming, in the early 1990s. Then in January (2011) China offered Tian Tian and Yang Guang to Edinburgh Zoo.

中国是大熊猫唯一的故乡，被视为国宝，也被全世

界各国人民所喜爱。在中国中部的山区发现有野生大熊

猫的存在：如四川，陕西和甘肃等省，据估计，只有大

约1500只熊猫现在还在这些地区生存。

大熊猫是世界上最濒危的物种, 增加熊猫的数量是

主要的计划保护项目，近几年，四川省成都熊猫繁育研

究中心，已成功繁殖大熊猫300多个。

世界各地的动物园也有少数大熊猫。实际上，伦敦

动物园从1938年起，一直有大熊猫。在1958年试图用动

物园的雌性大熊猫齐齐与中国境外仅有的另一只大熊猫

莫斯科动物园的安安交配，在国际上引起了极大关注，

她也因此而出名。

中国长期以来推行'熊猫外交'，送给外国领导人这

一诱人的动物作为礼品。此策略可追溯到公元七世纪

时，武则天送了一对大熊猫给日本天皇。

中华人民共和国成立后毛泽东鼓励和推动了全民族

对大熊猫的热爱，大熊猫这一珍稀和美丽的动物被视

为国家大使。中国向国外送出二十多个大熊猫，包括在

1974年把雄性熊猫嘉嘉和雌性熊猫青青送给当年到中国

访问的英国首相爱德华希思。

伦敦动物园负责照顾它们,90年代初,又添了两个

熊猫,宝宝和明明。2011年1月中国赠英国的一对大熊

猫“甜甜”和“阳光”将落户爱丁堡公园。

Among the Chinese population in the UK, the original ‘Overseas Chinese’ mostly came from Hong Kong and Guangdong province in southern China in the 1950s and 1960s; although as a result of the historical maritime links between the two nations some Chinese sailors from Shanghai and Ningbo and other Chinese ports had long settled in the UK. There are now British born Chinese (BBC as they are known), Hong Kong Chinese, Mainland Chinese, Malaysian Chinese and Singaporean Chinese as well as people of mixed Chinese race. The current exact numbers of Chinese people in the UK are difficult to quantify but, taking into account the estimated 80,000 Chinese students from the Chinese mainland now at universities and colleges in Britain, the population can be calculated at over 500,000, with some 100,000 or more living in London.

虽然历史上因为英中之间海上往来，上海和宁波等地的中国水手早就定居英国，但英国最早的华侨大多于上个世纪五、六十年代来自中国南部的香港和广东省。现在，这里有被称为BBC在英国出生的华裔、香港华裔、中国大陆华裔、马来西亚华裔、新加坡华裔以及不同地区、族群华裔通婚后所生后代。目前，英国华人华侨人口的准确数字难以统计，但是，如果把在英国求学的来自中国大陆的8万留学生统计在内，英国现有华人华侨50万，其中10万人生活在伦敦。

Right: Buckingham Palace, London右图：伦敦白金汉宫

51

Chapter 3 - Chinese People In The UK第三章英国华人

THE city of Liverpool is home to one of the oldest and best-established Chinese communities in Europe. Trade between the port and China dates back at least 175 years.

There have been more than three generations of Chinese people residing in the city and many members of the Chinese community regard themselves as indigenous. Today, Liverpool’s Chinese community is made up of both native Chinese Liverpudlians and overseas immigrants.

It is generally believed that the formation of the Blue Funnel Line in 1865 by Alfred Holt was the earliest conduit for Shanghai sailors and other Chinese seafarers to land up in Liverpool and eventually settle. There were already regular steamers with direct connections to China carrying such goods as silk, cotton and tea.

These trade links between the ports of Shanghai and Liverpool were instrumental in the establishment of a Chinese community in the city and by the time Liverpool was granted city status, in 1880, by a royal charter, Chinese sailors were to be seen regularly in the dockside area.

The official Census returns for 1881 indicate that there were only 15 Chinese-born residents in the Merseyside area - then comprising just Liverpool and Birkenhead - and that by 1901 this had increased to 76.

In 1911 the community was over 400, more than fivefold its previously recorded size. Over the ensuing years the community grew considerably and a report compiled by the Ministry of Shipping in 1918 said there was a total of 3200 Chinese men on shore, with some 2850 associated in some way with seafaring.

The Pagoda Hundred Harmony Community Centre was established in 1982 in Henry Street and has become a key agency for delivering a range of services and activities for a dynamic and changing community.

In the early years of the 21st century the city of Liverpool proper is home to over 3000 people who themselves came directly from China, or have close family relatives there.

But the proportionately tiny Liverpool Chinese ‘clan’ - there are possibly as many as 80,000 Chinese people across the North West of England - displays a uniquely bonding pride in their joint ‘homelands’.

欧洲最古老和最得到认可的华人社区就扎根在利物

浦。利物浦与中国的贸易往来至少延续了175年。

居住在这个城市的华裔超过三代。很多利物浦华人

社区的居民认为他们是这里土生土长的人。今天利物浦

华人社区由本地的华裔利物浦人和海外移民组成。

人们普遍认为1865年由阿尔弗雷德·霍尔特成立

的“蓝汽船航线”是最早的上海水手和其他中国海员在

利物浦登陆并最后定居的最早渠道。当时就已有轮船定

期与中国通航，运输中国丝绸，棉花，茶叶等商品。上

海与利物浦港口之间的贸易联系对利物浦华人社区的建

立发挥了重要的作用。1880年利物浦获特权变为城市

后。人们会在码头附近经常看到中国海员的出现。

据民间传说，一些中国水手留在了这个城市。1870

年前后，这些水手们在克莱文兰德街附近创办的杂货店

和食品店显然是欧洲旧唐人街的萌芽。

Maria Lin Wong在她的那本优秀图书《利物浦的中国

人》中提到，当英国航运业到达顶峰的那几年利物浦的

中国人口有较大的增长。

1881年官方人口普查表明，默西塞德郡地区（当时

包括利物浦和伯肯黑德）只有15位华裔居民。到1901

年，这一数字已上升至76人。

1911年社区人数超过400人，是原来的五倍多。随

后的几年社区的中国人数不断壮大。1918年航运部的一

份报告说岸上的中国人的总数已达3200人，其中2850人

都以某种方式从事着与海运相关的工作。

1982年在利物浦唐人街的亨利街上建立了宝塔百协

社区中心。从此它成了为这个充满活力和日新月异的社

区提供各项服务和举办各种活动的主要机构。2009年

12月8日默西赛德华人社区发展协会庆祝建立协会20周

年。有近200位客人参加这个庆典，其中包括麦克·斯

特瑞议员、利物浦市长、利物浦华人社区的领导和来自

各部门和自愿组织的代表。

21世纪初期利物浦有来自中国的人口3000多人（有

的自己独身来此，有的携带家眷）。这个位于英国西北

部的利物浦的华人家族现人口已达80，000之多。他们在

他们的共同家园向人们展示他们的自豪和骄傲。

Liverpool’s China Town利物浦华人社区介绍

53

Left: In the glow of the Arch: Councillor Nick Small with Simon Wong and Alan Seatwo of the Liverpool Chinese Business Association左图：利物浦市议员尼克·斯莫与利物浦华人商会的两位成员光、司徒浩瑛在熠熠生辉的中国牌坊前合影

54

A LARGE part of the actual ‘unearthing’ of the Liverpool Chinese sailors’ story is down to the work of Chinese sociologist Li Ling who was collecting stories on old Shanghai

seafarers for Shanghai University. In 1949, Chinese sailors, most actually from the seaport of

Ningbo (meaning ‘tranquil waves’) in Zhejiang province, had signed on British ships just as the communist-driven revolution was coming to its conclusion. Few were aware that they wouldn’t be able to return to China for 50 years or more; some never to do so.

British ships were banned in Chinese ports for a long spell after the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949. So the sailors settled in Liverpool, many worked for the Blue Funnel Line, and some married and raised families in Britain.

For many years these old Shanghai sailors would meet every week to play mah-jong and talk over their lives, and Li Ling met these men to record their stories. Eventually some returned to China to trace their roots but their families had long since disappeared. Today, just a small number of these men are left, most in their later 80s and early 90s.

Yet another heart-rending tale of ordinary people affected by the weal and woes of circumstances out of their control - events that moved Li Ling to quote from a contemporary Chinese poem: ‘There is no scenery in a familiar place’.

利物浦中国水手的故事大部分实际上是由为上海

大学搜集有关材料的中国社会学者李玲（音译）挖掘

的。

1949年，共产党发起的革命战争即将结束，一批

中国水手应征受雇于英国船只。

实际上，他们当中大多数来自浙江省的宁波港

（宁波的意思就是“宁静的波涛”）。

当时，他们很少有人能够想到这一别中国就是50

年或是更长，甚至有人再也没能回来。

中华人民共和国成立后相当长的一段时间里，

英国船只被禁止进入中国港口。因此，这些水手定居

利物浦，其中许多人成为蓝烟囱轮船公司的雇员，

并在英国娶妻成家。

多年来，这些上海老水手每周会聚在一起打麻将、

畅聊人生。李玲找到这些人，把他们的故事记录下来。

最终，一些老水手回到了中国寻根，但是，他们的家人

早已失散。如今，这些人只有少数还健在，年龄都已

八九十岁。

这些只能被周遭环境的祸福所左右却无法主宰自己

命运的普通人身后是一个个令人心碎的故事。这些故事

让李玲动容，并借用中国的一句诗抒发感叹：“熟悉的

地方没有风景。”

The Shanghai Sailors’ Story上海水手的故事

Liverpool’s famous Pierhead - a welcome sight for sailors from

across the world利物浦著名的突堤广受来自世界

各地水手的赞誉

55

Above: This photograph was taken at the Maritime Museum in Liverpool in August (2010) and features a group of the surviving ‘old Shanghai sailors’2010年8月，一群“上海老水手”在利物浦航海博物馆留影。当时，他们正在为一台名为“拱门之外”的多媒体舞台演出录制外景。“拱门之外”讲述的是利物浦华人的故事，由来自浙江临海市的黄芬芬制作

Right: Yvonne Foley, who now lives in Australia, and Barbara Janecek, who lives in Canada, are two of the ‘children of the lost dragons’ and attended the unveiling of the memorial plaque to their fathersand other Chinese sailors右图：现住在澳大利亚的伊万·弗雷和现住在加拿大的巴巴瑞·珍塞克就是“不知道自己父亲的的孩子”。他们参加了悼念他们的父亲和其他中国海员的揭幕仪式

5656

伫立在利物浦唐人街中心的，引人注目的“友谊

拱”是这座城市与上海之间友谊和合作的强有力象

征。1999年10月，仅仅在中华人民共和国庆祝50周年

后的几周，利物浦就与上海缔结为姐妹友好城市。“友

谊拱”的竣工成为利物浦唐人街上千禧年新年庆祝时期

最炫目的亮点，同时也标记着2000二月份“龙”年的到

来。一个月后，官方的揭幕仪式吸引了上千人到场。

“友谊拱”被授予利物浦最佳建筑与设计奖。获奖

者是一位理应得此殊荣的来自中国上海的极具天赋的设

计师—张勇莱。

参与上海世博会获得成功之后，利物浦市希望能

够与中国发展更为密切的关系。这一计划包括突出利

物浦市中国牌坊的文化意义。这一牌坊10年前由上海

市政府赠送。

如今，中国牌坊已经成为利物浦的标志性建筑之

一。背景灯光和衬托照明使夜色中的牌坊亮丽如洗、

焕然一新，看上去更加迷人，而聚焦于牌坊基柱上龙

的图案的灯光则突出了力量。

利物浦市正在进行的中国项目由市议员尼克·斯莫负

责。他说：“我们希望加强与上海的合作。我们志在成

为对中国商界和访客最友好的英国城市。中国牌坊不仅

仅为利物浦提供了一处观光景点，它还应该成为利物浦

吸引投资的推进器，为这个城市增添信心。”

斯莫议员介绍说，利物浦鼓励与中国大力发展关

系，作为这个计划的一部分，利物浦不仅要修缮中国

牌坊，而且还将重修著名的唐人街。

THE eye-catching Chinese Arch in the heart of Liverpool’s Chinatown is hugely symbolic of the friendship and cooperation that exist between this great maritime city and Shanghai.

Liverpool had ‘twinned’ with Shanghai in October 1999, only weeks after the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.

Dubbed the ‘Friendship Arch’ it was the star attraction in Liverpool’s Chinatown for the fi rst Chinese New Year celebrations of the Millennium when it marked the Year of the Dragon in February 2000.

Following the success of its pavilion at the Shanghai Expo, Liverpool is keen to develop even closer ties with China. Part of that plan involves highlighting the cultural importance of the city’s Chinese arch, which was donated to Liverpool by the Shanghai Municipal Government over ten years ago.

The arch has become one of Liverpool’s landmarks and is now even more striking thanks to a dramatic lighting scheme that provides a wash of colour over the structure. A column of special high-tech LED lights have transformed the night time look of the arch; while some put the focus on the dragons at the arch’s base, which are regarded as potent symbols.

The city’s ongoing China programme is being led by Councillor Nick Small who comments: “We intend to build on our presence in Shanghai. We have the ambition to become the friendliest city in the UK towards Chinese businesses and visitors alike.

“And the Chinese arch is not just about providing a tourism attraction in the city. It should also be a catalyst for inward investment and add to the confi dence of the area.”

According to Councillor Small, as well as improving the arch Liverpool is also rejuvenating its famous Chinatown as key part of its drive to encourage greater links with China.

Forging Links With Shanghai And China与上海和中国建立联系

Right: Shanghai Mayor Han Zheng pictured in Liverpool at the city’s famous Chinese Arch which

was a gift from the ShanghaiMunicipal Government

右图：上海市长韩正在利物浦著名的中国牌坊前。这座牌坊是上海市赠送给利物浦的礼物

58

2001年，我是一个20岁在中国攻读媒体专业的大学

生。我不是一个典型的学生 - 我讨厌读那些枯燥的课

本，我强烈渴望去探索这个世界，我偶尔上课的同时管

理一个小企业，我的社交圈子更多是专业人士而不是大

学同学.

我显然不是一个传统意义上的好学生虽然我一直有

很强的求知欲。对我来说问题是这个世界太缤纷多彩,

好奇心太强的我实在无法专注于一个学生唯一应该做的

事 - 学习,学习还是学习。我梦想丢掉课本去探索世

界. 2001 年底当拿到英国学生签证时，我揣怀已久的

到英国读书的梦想终于实现了。2002年新年之初, 在抵

达希思罗机场的那一刻，我经历了一种强烈的似曾相识

感 - 遥远的英国感到出奇地熟悉。

虽然在学校里英语一直是我的强项，刚到英国时,

语言交流还是一个很大的挑战。然而，赏识英语语言之

美和领略已国风土文化之诱惑让学习的旅程岁有挫折但

更是丰富多彩。有意思的是，自从到了英国后，我变得

更爱学习更用功了。我想，语言的挑战，文化差异和满

足的好奇心都使我少了不安分，多了集中精力，从而激

发了我更强列的求知欲。

2006年我毕业于伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院金融经济

学学科，在金融业就职了一段时间后，有幸成为英国华

资杂志社的总编辑（www.chinaethos.co.uk）。这本季刊

杂志是英国发行量最大的关于中国商务和文化的英文刊

物。除了在英国各大书店有销售外，华姿杂志在大英航

空公司往返于中国航班的头等舱和商务舱上也有提供。

华资杂志是中英跨文化交流的理想平台，被受对中国感

兴趣的英国读者喜爱。能在这个领域工作做自己喜欢的

事我感觉很荣幸。衷心祝愿中英建交更上一层楼！

赵丽丽是英国华资杂志社的执行主编。华资是发行于英国的关于中国商务和生活的高端季刊杂志. 赵丽丽毕业于伦敦大学皇家霍洛威学院的金融经济学学科，并拥有英国财务顾问证书.

IN 2001, I was a 20 years old college student studying for a media degree in China. I was not a typical student - I hated reading those

dry textbooks, I longed to explore the world, I managed a small business while occasionally attended classes, I spent more time with working professionals than my college colleagues.

I was clearly not a good student in the conventional sense, although I have always been

very eager to learn. The problem for me was that I was too curious about the world to be able to focus on the only thing that a student is expected to do - study, study and study. My impatient zest to broaden my horizons finally took over and I decided to pursue my education in the UK while exploring the world. Upon arriving at Heathrow airport amid the 2002 new year, I experienced a strong sense of déjà vu - the distant land of the UK felt surprisingly familiar.

At school English had always been my strongest subject, so I was not quite well prepared for the realisation that simple tasks such as ordering a takeaway and paying the household bills over the phone were challenges. At the beginning it was a frustrating experience not being able to understand others and being understood. However, the beauty of the English language and culture is so enticing that my immersion in it has been an unforgettably stimulating and enriching journey.

Ironically, since arriving in the UK I have become more studious than I have ever been; obtaining a first class degree from University of London. I guess that the language challenge, the cultural differences and the satisfied curiosity have all made me less restless and more focused while provoking a stronger sense of hunger in learning.

After a stint in the financial sector upon graduating, I was very lucky to have the opportunity to become the managing editor of China Ethos (www.chinaethos.co.uk). A quarterly magazine, with an exclusive focus on China, that provides a perfect platform for Sino-British cross-cultural communication, an area in which my passion lies.

The intrinsic English characteristics of understatement and subtlety require a certain level of linguistic finesse to be best appreciated. Saying to a Chinese: “I don’t mind doing something”, would be interpreted as strong reluctance instead of polite acceptance. In fact, the English art of understatement is not just reflected in its language. I can never forget the shock I felt when I first walked into the house of a British friend of mine: behind the gray and somewhat dilapidated exterior, there was hidden a truly magnificent and luxurious three-storey castle with a massive swimming pool inside! China may be full of uncertainties, but one thing is for sure - if you see a run-down exterior, you can be certain it is a dump inside too.

Lili Zhao is the managing editor of China Ethos - a quarterly business and lifestyle magazine focused on China. She was born in China and educated in the UK, and now lives in London. She holds a degree in Financial Economics from University of London and is also a qualified financial advisor.

The Journey Of An Anglophile by Lili Zhao一个亲英派的旅程赵丽丽

Right: St Andrews Cathedral, Fife in Scotland右图：苏格兰法夫郡的圣安德鲁大教堂

60

IN THE 1880s the Limehouse area of east London had developed into a small Chinese community, that became the

earliest ‘Chinatown’ with a focus on the laundry business. During the German air raids of the Second World War, London’s docklands were inevitably damaged due to their proximity to a sea fortress. This also brought huge damage to Limehouse and its ‘Chinatown’. As a result,

some Chinese moved to Liverpool - the earliest Chinatown - while others returned to China.

London’s Chinatown as we know it today only began to take shape in the 1950s. By 1950 there were approximately 2000 Chinese in Britain and with the return of the British soldiers from the Far East the market grew for Chinese cuisine, creating favourable conditions for a Chinese restaurant industry to take hold.

Chinatown began as a few Chinese restaurants and grocery stores in Gerrard Street which, with adjoining Lisle Street, had been filled with small shops and stalls owned by local non-Chinese. But, attracted by the cheap rents and short leases in and around Gerrard Street - partly due to the seedy reputation of Soho - other Chinese trades began to prosper and, by 1965, there were 20 Chinese restaurants and three stalls in Gerrard Street.

Greater co-operation was required to attend to the needs of the community and, in August 1978, the London Chinatown Chinese Association (LCCA) was founded. It forged stronger links with Westminster City Council, the police authorities and the community outside Soho. Originally, the LCCA served both the businesses and community of the Chinese living and working within Chinatown. However, in 1979, the LCCA established the Chinese Community Centre to deal with community issues.

The LCCA organises events to promote London Chinatown and to attract more visitors to the area. Since the 1980s it has organised the annual Chinese New Year celebrations in Chinatown and, since 2002, the event has been held in Trafalgar Square, Leicester Square and London Chinatown. The event has grown from being a small community event to a major free public jamboree that attracts Chinese people, Londoners and tourists. It attracts over 300,000 people and has become an established London-wide event. It is a great advert for the Chinese community and Chinese culture and also brings together the diverse Chinese population in London and worldwide.

Besides organising the annual Chinese New Year celebrations, the LCCA has also organised fund raising events for appeals on behalf of the 2010 Qinghai earthquake and the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.

Suzannah Kwok is a business consultant, a committee member of the 48 Group Club and The Young Icebreakers. Since 2001 she has worked, on a voluntary basis, for the LCCA and is now the festival director of the Chinese New Year celebrations.

十九世纪八十年代，伦敦东部莱姆豪斯地区已经形

成一个小的华人社区，成为伦敦最早的“唐人街”。

那里的华人主要从事洗衣业。二战期间，德国空袭的

时候，伦敦码头街区因为邻近海边防线所以不可避免地

遭到巨大破坏。莱姆豪斯地区及其“唐人街”也无法幸

免。因此，一些华人搬到利物浦，那里有英国最早的唐

人街；有的则回到中国。

我们今天所知的伦敦唐人街直到上个世纪五十年代

才开始成形。1950年的时候，在英国大约有2000华人。

随着英国士兵从远东战场回国，中式餐饮的市场逐渐扩

大，这为中餐馆站稳脚跟提供了有利条件。

伦敦唐人街起初只是杰拉德街上的几家中餐馆和杂货

店。开始的时候，杰拉德街和莱尔街都是各色小店铺，

而主人也并非华人。可能由于附近苏豪区不堪的名声，

杰拉德街和附近的房屋租金便宜，租期也灵活，所以吸

引了华人来此，生意也由此兴旺起来。到1965年，杰拉

德大街上已有20家中餐馆和3家华人货店。

如今，伦敦唐人街包括杰拉德街、莱尔街、沃德街、

新港坊和沙夫茨伯里大道，身处伦敦闹市区，周边是苏

豪区、莱斯特广场、皮卡迪利广场和考文特花园。

因此，加强合作以方便彼此就尤显必要。1978年8

月，伦敦唐人街华人协会成立。协会与威斯敏斯特市议

会、警察局以及其他社区结成了更为稳固的关系。起

初，华人协会既负责协理唐人街生意上的事务也帮助处

理社区事务。但是，1979年协会成立了华人社区中心，

专门处理社区事务。

华人协会负责组织活动推介伦敦唐人街，吸引游客。

自从上世纪八十年代，协会每年在唐人街组织春节庆祝活

动。自2002年开始，春节庆祝活动在特拉法尔加广场、莱

斯特广场和伦敦唐人街举行。这一活动已经从一个小型

的社区活动变为一个重要的公共活动，不仅吸引了众多华

人，还有伦敦本地人和到此参观的游客参加。这个活动吸

引了30多万人，已经成为整个伦敦市的一个活动品牌，可

谓是华人社区和中华文化的一个重要广告。这个活动还使

伦敦和世界各地的华人有机会聚集一堂。

苏珊娜·郭是商业顾问，48家集团俱乐部委员会成员，曾获“青年破冰者”荣誉，并长期与“王子慈善基金会（中国）”和“王子建筑环境基金会”伦敦中国城设计战略项目等协作，自2001年开始为“王子建筑环境基金会”伦敦中国城设计战略项目义务工作，现任中国城春节庆祝活动指导。

A History Of London Chinatown by Suzannah Kwok伦敦唐人街历史苏珊娜·郭

Right: On the first day of his official visit to Britain on January 31st 2009 Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao extends

greetings for the Chinese New Year to welcoming crowds in London’s China Town

右图：2009年1月31日，温家宝总理访问英国第一天就来到伦敦唐人街向那里的人们致以新春祝福

62

TODAY the Chinese make up the third largest minority ethnic group in Britain and the Manchester Chinese community -

estimated at over 30,000 strong over the greater city region - is the second largest after London, making a dynamic contribution to north west of England’s social, cultural and economic life.

In 2005 we set up the Manchester Chinese Centre as a community information and resource

centre, run entirely by volunteers. Since the early days we have run a ‘Youth Ambassadors

Programme’ to give young people from across the area a chance to visit China. They are effectively cultural representatives of Britain and share knowledge and British customs with their Chinese counterparts in Manchester’s twin city of Wuhan, as well as in China’s other great cities.

Yuan Shanla, the Executive Deputy Mayor Wuhan Municipal Government commented:

“Links with Manchester’s twin of Wuhan are important and I received the youth delegation from Manchester with great pleasure. I have also paid a visit to Manchester and talked with members of the youth delegation’s parents.”

In many ways the centre is unique because of our partnerships with non-Chinese organisations and individuals to promote a greater understanding and awareness of Chinese culture and beliefs.

Education is a key part of our work, particularly in terms of teaching the Chinese language and culture in Britain, and we have delivered such courses to 32 schools in our area, funded by the national government.

We also operate a huge range of workshops for other organisations across a wide spectrum including the Manchester Library and Information Service, HM Prison Education Service, Manchester Museum of Science and Industry and community groups involved with the elderly and young families.

Early in 2010 we collaborated with the Royal Northern College of Music, Manchester Metropolitan University, the Central School of Speech and Drama in London, the writer Eileen Pun and composer Steven Jackson to produce an opera called The Red Knot. It tells the story of the Chinese victims of the 2004 Morecambe Bay tragedy. We raised money for the charity ‘Ghosts’ that helps the families in China of those who died so horrifically far away in Britain.

We also raised funds for the Yunnan Foundation, a joint venture with the Wu Kao Tang Chinese Overseas Association amongst other Chinese organisations, to assist some of Yunnan’s most underdeveloped and deprived communities.

Our cultural schemes are boosted through our China Link office to benefit the people of this region and our friends in China. It also assists our ‘Youth Ambassador Exchange’ project, promotes business and helps expand our community interpreting services.

今日的中国人在英国的曼彻斯特社区民族群体中构成

了第三大少数族裔 - 估计整个区域已超过30,000 人 -

仅次于伦敦，为英格兰社会西北部地區文化和经济生活

做出贡献。

2005年，我们曼彻斯特华人之家的社区信息和资源中

心成立了，我們的工作人員完全是志愿者。

在运行初期，我们有一个“青年使者计划”，让来自英

國不同地区的年轻人有机会访问中国，实际上他们是英国

文化的代表。武汉市和曼彻斯特市是姊妹城市，大家互相

分享知识和文化的不同，進而發展到中国的其他大城市。

武汉市人民政府副市长袁善腊发表了评论：“曼城与

武汉的双链接很重要，我非常高兴接待从曼彻斯特来的

青年使者代表团。我也曾访问过曼彻斯特，并与青年使

者代表团成员及父母面谈，感受頗深。”

华人之家在许多方面是非常独特的，因为我们的合作

伙伴是非华人团体，所以用特别方式去推扩促进更好的

认识和理解中华文化及信仰。

教育是我们工作的关键部分，尤其在英国教授汉语文

化方面，我们已在当地32所学校授教汉语文化课程，而

且是国家政府资助的。

我们还经营了跨越广泛的各种类型的教育工作坊，包

括曼彻斯特图书馆的信息服务，监狱教育服务，曼彻斯

特科学工业博物馆，老人社区和青年家庭团体组织。

A Community Focal Point by Jenny Wong社区焦点黄葉莉薇

63

Manchester’s China Town曼彻斯特的唐人街

We were aware that little is known of the UK Chinese community’s migration history and archives about Chinese settlers are significantly missing in museum and library collections.

Working with UK Heritage Lottery Fund, the Manchester Library service and the Museum of Science and Industry we are recording this history of the Chinese community since the beginning of its settlement in Manchester in the early 1900s. The archive has a website and there will be a series of exhibitions.

Creating such a collection in Manchester is important in terms of recording the Chinese community’s contribution to the region’s social, economic and cultural life, and the history of Chinese settlers in the city.

A vital part of this project includes a wide number of oral history interviews with elderly community members, preserving their memories of life in Manchester over the decades, tracing where they moved from, what their first impressions of the city were, what professions and jobs they worked in, their views on how Manchester China Town has changed and their hopes for the younger generation.

Jenny Wong is the founder and director of the Manchester Chinese Centre. Essay translated by Xiong Tingting.

在2010年早期，我们与英国皇家北方音乐学院，曼彻斯特城

市大学，伦敦中央戏剧学院合作，同時與作家艾琳潘及作曲家

史蒂芬杰克逊创作戏據称为《红色情结》。它讲述的是2004年

莫克姆湾惨案中的受害者的故事。在遙远的英国發生如此惊人

的死亡事件，讓人傷痛，所以我们積極筹款，并委託叫“鬼”

的慈善机构，送去我們對受难者家人的無限關懷。

我们还合资与烏胶腾海外华人联宜会等华人社团筹款给云南

基金，以帮助云南來发展贫困社区。

我们文化计划的推动是通过我们的中国链接办公室，以造福

于本地区人民和中国的朋友。它还帮助我们的青年使者交流项

目，促进商业和社区服務，帮助扩展我们的口译服务。

我们察觉到这几乎是没有人知道的英国华人社区的移民历史和定

居落户档案，这些重要资料在英国博物馆和图书馆明显着不存在的。

我们正在与英国遗产彩票基金，图书馆服务和曼彻斯特科学

工业博物馆合作录制。20世纪初在曼彻斯特就开始有华人社区

的历史。存档有一个网站，届时将会有一系列的展览。

收集这些歷史資料至关重要，可以让世人了解华人在曼城的

定居史以及对该地区的社会、经济和文化生活所做的贡献。

这项工作的核心是要对华人老前辈进行大量的历史口述访

谈，让其回忆几十年来在曼城生活的经历，了解其迁徙史，记

录他们对城市的第一印象，他们所从事的工作，他们对曼城唐

人街变化的看法，以及他们对青年一代寄予的希望。

黄葉莉薇是曼切斯特华人之家创始人和中心主任。熊婷婷译。

Right: Heading into Britain’s wild countryside

右图：英国郊野风景

Cultural And Traditional Festivals In China

There are more than 60 festivals celebrated in China today ranging from the Harbin Ice Festival, the Suzhou Silk Festival and the Shaoxing Wine Festival to the Wuyi Yan Tea Festival.

The three main holidays in China are the Spring Festival, marking the start of the Chinese New Year, May Day and National Day on October 1st, to commemorate the founding of the People’s Republic.

In recent decades these holidays have been called the ‘golden weeks’ but are now part of a national programme that features 11 holidays of between one and three days, with Spring Festival and National Day both still ranging over seven days.

The most important is still Spring Festival, also known as Chinese Lunar New Year, which usually falls sometime in late January or early February. It began when legendary emperor Shun, who lived close on 5000 years ago, offered sacrifices to honour heaven and earth. It was later named Lunar New Year and today it is an occasion for Chinese families to celebrate together.

中国的传统节日与文化

目前，中国有60多个节日。从哈尔滨的冰灯节、苏州丝绸节、绍兴黄酒节到武夷岩茶节，名目繁多。

中国的三个主要节日是：标志着中国新年开始的春节、五一劳动节和10月1日国庆节。

现在，中国的全国性法定假日11天，节日期间人们可以放假一至三天，其中春节和国庆节放假时间最长，加上相邻的周末调休，可以延长至七天，被称为“黄金周”。

最重要的节日当属春节。春节是农历新年，一般在一、二月份。庆祝春节的习俗起源于5000多年前舜帝祭祀天地的仪式，后来被称为“过年”。现在，春节成为中国家庭团圆的机会。

65

Chapter 4 - The North West Of England第四章英格兰西北地区

Left: An atmospheric view in Britain’s Lake District左图：英国湖区景色

67

APART from profound political and economic change since the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, the pace of human urbanisation in China in the last

30 years has been revolutionary in its own right. In recent years the urban population has surged to over 600 million, with nearly 46% of China’s 1.4 billion people living in cities. Indeed, since 2000 the number of city dwellers in China has increased by 148 million and by 2010 China had 200 mega-cities with populations of over one million each. By 2050 analysts predict that a further 550 million people will have moved to urban areas, lifting the country’s urbanisation to 70%, compared to less than 40% in 2006.

At the beginning of the ‘Reform and Opening’ period in 1979 China had 2854 small towns yet by the 50th anniversary of the PRC in 1999 there were more than 19,000, which were home to approximately 250 million people. Until as late as 1979 eight out of ten Chinese people still worked on farms and in rural areas, and the agrarian demographic held sway, while even now some 720 million Chinese people still live in the countryside.

However, historical records show that in the 12th century China was one of the most urbanised countries on earth. The population balance is seemingly shifting inexorably back that way in the 21st century, as every year over 225 million of the countryside’s labour force join rural and small town enterprises or move to big cities to obtain employment; they are tagged as migrant workers and have a significant impact on China’s socio-economic infrastructure.

In 1949 China only had 132 cities with a population over 200,000. Development happened swiftly in less than three decades. In the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong province alone between 1982 and 1996 some 1400 rural villages were transformed into towns, where previously there had only been about 130. The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences reported in its ‘Blue Book of Cities in China’ that the country now has 39 ‘super’ metropolises of more than two million residents each.

1949年中华人民共和国成立之后，中国不仅经历了

政治经济方面的深刻变化，过去30年里，城市化发展本

身也可以说是一次革命的进程。近年来，中国城镇人口

已经上升到6亿，也就是说中国14亿人口中有46%生活在

城市。实际上，自从2000年，中国城镇居民增加了1.48

亿，而到2010年，中国将会有200个人口超过100万的

大城市。分析人士预计，到2050年又将有5.5亿人口迁

入城市，这将使中国的城市化率从2006年的40%提高到

70%。

1979年改革开放刚刚开始的时候，中国有小城镇

2854个，到1999年新中国成立50周年的时候，小城镇已

经达到了1.9万个，居民2.5亿。直到1979年，五分之四

的中国人口从事农业劳动或在农村工作，农业人口占主

导地位。目前，中国仍然有7.2亿人口生活在农村。

但是，历史资料表明，十二世纪的时候，中国是地

球上城市化程度最高的国家之一。进入二十一世纪，中

国城市与农村的人口比例似乎正在不可阻挡地向过去逆

转。每年超过2.25亿的农村劳动力走进乡镇企业和大城

市，他们被称为农民工。这个群体对中国的社会、经济

结构有着举足轻重的影响。

1949年，中国人口过20万的城市只有132个。但是，

仅仅30年的时间就足以成就迅速的变化。仅以广东省珠

江三角洲地区为例，1982年到1996年之间，有1400个

村庄变身城镇，而这一地区之前的城镇只有130个。

中国社会科学院最近发表的《中国城市蓝皮书》报告

说，中国现有39个人口超过200万的“超大”城市。

Th e Changing Face Of China中国在“变脸”

68

OVER many years the cities of Liverpool and Manchester have developed close links with China and the Chinese

people. And, of course, Liverpool put itself on the map with its presence at the World Expo in Shanghai, showcasing the cultural and economic vibrancy of one of the world's leading urban centres.

However, the Liverpool Pavilion’s main job was to present both the city and the wider North West of England to a massive international audience.

Although I was born and raised in the south of England, Liverpool has always had a special place in my heart as my mother is a Liverpudlian. Then, in the 1970s, I studied in Manchester and made frequent trips to Liverpool.

At that time both cities were pretty grim: buildings black from years of industrial pollution, dereliction and decline much in evidence, none more so than historic gems like Liverpool’s Albert Dock. But, even then, the seeds of regeneration were being sown and when I began work with Manchester City Council at the magnificent Alfred Waterhouse Town Hall, built in 1877, my work was to help promote the city and attract new investment; something I’ve been involved with for most of my career in other cities and regions.

Returning to the North West in 1999, I spent the next 11 years at the Northwest Regional Development Agency (NWDA), where I was involved in promoting the region across the UK and overseas.

Almost seven million people live in this most diverse part of the UK and, apart from major urban and metropolitan conurbations, it incorporates England’s largest national park, the Lake District, and over 1,000 km of magnificent coastline. It is vibrant and still fast-growing with many assets, including eight premiership football clubs - the likes of Liverpool FC and Everton FC, Manchester City and Manchester United leading the field. It is, of course, the birthplace of the legendary Beatles and a legion of other entertainment celebrities.

It was where the Industrial Revolution roared into life, setting the foundations for the modern technological world we now live in. Full of historic buildings it also contains a varied mix of cities. Apart from Manchester and Liverpool, it embraces the old Roman town of Chester and the world-famous seaside resorts of Blackpool and Southport, along with Lancashire mill towns such as Oldham and Bury and the railway towns of Preston and Carlisle.

Around rural Cumbria famous poets like William Wordsworth and writers like Beatrix Potter found inspiration, while the ‘royal county’ of Lancashire is festooned with ancient castles and

多年来，利物浦和曼彻斯特两个城市与中国和中国

人民结成了密切的关系。今年，利物浦在上海世界博览

会上亮相，展示其身居世界领先城市之列在文化和经济

上的活力。

但是，利物浦馆的主要工作不仅是要展示这座城

市，它还肩负着向来自世界各地的观众展示整个英格兰

西北部地区的任务。

虽然我出生并成长于英格兰南部，但利物浦在我心

中一直占据着特殊位置，因为我的母亲是利物浦人。上

个世纪七十年代，我在曼彻斯特读书，其间常去利物

浦。

那时，曼彻斯特和利物浦两座城市的景象都很凄

凉：建筑物因为常年的工业污染而发黑，荒芜、破败的

迹象明显，而最明显的地方莫过于像阿尔伯特码头这

样珍贵的历史遗迹。但是，即使是在这样一个时期，重

生的种子已被播下。后来，我开始在曼彻斯特市议会

工作，工作地点就在宏伟的阿尔佛雷德·沃特霍斯市政

厅。市政厅建于1877年。我的工作是帮助推介曼彻斯

特，为这个城市吸引投资。这也成为我在其他城市和地

区工作时的主要内容。

1999年我回到了西北地区，在西北经济发展署度过

了11年的时间。在那里，我的工作是在整个英国和海外

推介西北地区。

大约700万人生活在英格兰西北地区这块多彩的土

地上。除了主要的大都市，这里还有英格兰最大的国家

公园、湖区和1000多公里壮美的海岸线。这个地区充满

活力，发展迅速，拥有众多资产，包括八个英超足球俱

乐部，如利物浦、艾佛顿、曼城、曼联等都是当中的佼

佼者。当然，这里还是传奇般的“披头士”乐队的诞生

地，也成就了其他众多娱乐界名人。

这里是工业革命的发祥地，为我们如今所处的现代

技术世界打下了基础。这里拥有众多的历史建筑，但城

市风格各异。除了曼彻斯特和利物浦，这里还有古罗

马风格的切斯特镇、世界著名的海滨度假胜地黑泽和南

坞、兰开夏郡的工业重镇奥尔德姆和伯里，还有因铁路

而闻名的普雷斯顿和卡莱尔等城市。

著名诗人华兹华斯、作家贝垂克斯·玻特在坎布里

亚的田园风光中找到了灵感。“君王之县”兰开夏郡森

林遍布，古堡掩映其间。这里还是获得过奥运会金牌的

英国自行车队的基地，也是世界著名赛马会“国家大

赛”所在地。

The Glory Of England’s North West by Peter Mearns英格兰西北地区的荣耀皮特·默恩斯

Right: The world-famous Blackpool tower右图：世界著名的黑泽塔

71

woodlands. The region is also base to the Olympic gold medal winning Great Britain cycling team and the world’s favourite horse race - the Grand National.

Those two great, and traditionally rival, cities of Manchester and Liverpool were built on the wealth of international commerce and trade and were the cradle of some of Britain’s most prominent inventions by men and women who created among other things the first canals, the railways, machines to spin and weave and the first modern computer. These cities are also endowed with some of Britain’s finest historic architecture, museums and art collections, while Liverpool’s world-renowned waterfront - so remarkably similar to Shanghai’s Bund - is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

In more contemporary times, Liverpool’s success as the European Capital of Culture in 2008 brought with it an unprecedented level of investment and a fantastic profile for the whole region. I worked with the team that put the successful bid together and subsequently with the Liverpool Culture Company, who delivered such an incredible and inspirational programme.

We realised very early on the importance of the Shanghai Expo both for Liverpool, England’s Northwest and the rest of the UK, aware of China’s burgeoning world role in the 21st century. We didn’t hesitate in taking the lead to support Liverpool’s ambition to participate in Expo 2010.

When I visited the Shanghai Expo for Liverpool Day on the 16th October I was overawed by the pure scale of it and proud that the Liverpool pavilion was so popular and successful. It is clear now that we were right to take part. There are long-term benefits to be accrued from our now stronger relations with China: for the city, the region and the close on 250 North West businesses that had the vision to join us.

Peter Mearns is an independent strategic marketing & communications adviser and the former executive director of marketing & communications at the Northwest (England) Regional Development Agency; he is also currently deputy chairman of Arts Council England, Northwest, a council member of Tate Liverpool, and a trustee of the Foundation for Arts and Creative Technology (FACT).

曼彻斯特和利物浦这两座传统上是对手的伟大城市

的兴建和发展得益于国际商贸积累的财富。它们是英

国一些重大发明的摇篮。这里的人们开凿了第一条运

河，修建了铁路，制造了纺织机，研制出了第一台现

代计算机。这些城市还有幸拥有一些英国最杰出的历

史建筑、博物馆和艺术品。举世闻名、与上海外滩很

相似的利物浦水岸景观被联合国教科文组织列为世界

遗产地。

在更近的当代，2008年，利物浦成功当选欧洲文化

之都。这为利物浦带来了史无前例的投资，极大地提升

了整个西北地区的形象。我曾参与文化之都竞选，后来

参与利物浦文化公司的工作。这个公司提出的规划让人

赞叹，令人振奋。

我们深知，二十一世纪，中国在世界上的影响在增

强，所以我们很早就意识到上海世博会对于利物浦、英

格兰西北地区以及英国的重要性。因此，我们毫不犹豫

地率先支持利物浦参加2010年世博会。

10月16日是世博会利物浦日。当天的参观令我对世

博会的规模惊叹，并为利物浦馆备受欢迎、获得极大成

功感到骄傲。很显然，参加世博会是我们当初做出的正

确的决定。现在我们与中国的关系得以加强，这会给我

们积累长期的利益：属于利物浦、属于西北地区、属于

那些有远见卓识加入我们的大约250家企业的利益。

皮特·默恩斯是战略营销与传播独立顾问，曾任英格兰西北地区经济发展署市场与传播执行总监。现任英国艺术协会西北地区分会副主席、泰特利物浦美术馆理事会成员、艺术与创意技术基金会理事会成员。

Left: The famous Liver Birds watch overthe river Mersey左图：著名的“利物鸟”俯瞰默西河

72

AS AN incumbent of the cotton industry I’ve been privileged to observe some of the dramatic changes occurring in China

in recent years. These experiences offer a unique vantage point, since our global industry is primarily concerned with agricultural production and industrial output, and China has for an eon been the sector’s key consideration.

In addition to much time spent in China in 2008 and 2009, when I lived in Hong Kong, I have since 2006 travelled widely within the country. This has taken me from Urumqi and the cotton fields of Akesu in Xinjiang to the more industrialised eastern seaboard provinces and from the offices of government officials in Beijing down to Southern provinces like Guangdong and the special administrative region of Macau

It is hard to summarise the contrasts evident between these regions other than to say they are as wide as the country is vast. Within our industry it is not uncommon to read simultaneous reports that characterise goings-on in China so completely differently that all one can conclude is that the picture is somewhere between the polar opposites reported. This is not to say one of these reports is wrong, but rather that the old adage ‘everything you say about China is true somewhere in China’ more than likely applies.

To further emphasise China’s contrasts one only needs juxtapose the country’s modern architecture with its stunning ancient palaces, temples and city walls, or the heavy dint of construction heard throughout China’s growing cities with the decaying factories that remain from the now criticised Great Leap Forward.

There are, however, some central themes in China that leave a lasting impression: sharing a meal with the Chinese is nearly always a special experience - the round tables cultivate atmosphere and interaction. Meals still can be boisterous, baijiu-fuelled banquets or polite, gentle affairs but, in either case, generosity is abundant.

The gems of China largely remain hidden to our foreign cultures but, as globalisation gathers pace we will be forced to evolve our thinking to better consider a Chinese perspective.

Matt Earlam is from West Kirby in England and has a BA (Hons) in Business Economics from Oxford Brookes University. He works for the Plains Cotton Cooperative Association in Texas, USA, with responsibilities for marketing in China and across the Far East.

作为一名棉花工业领域的从业者，我有幸观察到了

近年来中国正在发生的巨大变化。这些经历让我们拥有

了一个独特的优势，因为全球的棉花业与农业生产和工

业产出密切相关，而中国长久以来一直是这一领域不可

小觑的力量。

.2008、2009这两年的大部分时间我都是在中国度

过的。那时我生活在香港。而早在2006年，我就开始在

这块土地上纵横游历，从新疆的乌鲁木齐和棉花产地阿

克苏到工业化较发达的东部沿海省市，从北京的政府部

门到南方的广东省和澳门特别行政区，足迹无所不至。

很难概括这些地方之间的明显差异。或者更确切地

说，这个国家有多大，这些地方之间的差异就有多大。

在我们业内，看到同一时间段内关于中国的报告大相径

庭并不稀奇，不免让人感觉这是从南北两极发来的报

告。其实并不是说其中有的报告是错的。这正应了那句

古谚：“一切关于中国的说法总会在中国的某个地方得

到印证。”

想进一步体会中国自身的差异，你只要对比一下这

个国家时髦的建筑和魅力十足的古代宫殿、庙宇和城墙

就可以了。你也可以对比一下中国正在兴起的城市里到

处可以听到的建筑工地的轰鸣和已经废弃、现在被批评

的“大跃进”时代的厂房。

不过，在中国，总会有一些共性的东西给你留下持

久的记忆。与中国人一起吃饭无论在哪里都会是一种特

殊的体验。圆桌会营造一种气氛，利于互动交流。饭桌

上可能很喧闹，白酒让人不能自已。当然，也有很文

雅、彬彬有礼的场合。不过，无论哪种情况，中国人都

非常慷慨。

中国大多数宝贵的东西还没有走进外国文化的视

线。但是，随着全球化步伐加速，我们将不得不让我们

的思想进化以此更好地理解中国视角。

麦特·伊尔兰姆是英格兰西科比人，持有牛津布鲁克斯大学商业经济学（荣誉）学士学位。现供职于美国德克萨斯州的普兰斯棉业合作协会，负责中国以及远东市场。

Watching The Growing Influence Of China by Matt Earlam见证中国日益增长的影响力麦特·伊尔兰姆

Right: A farmer on the banks of themighty Yangtze River右图：长江岸边的农民

Right: The famous Mersey ferry sails past the equally famous buildings

on Liverpool’s waterfront know as ‘The Three Graces’ because of their

distinguished style右图：渡轮在著名的默西河上驶过利物浦

水岸同样著名的“美惠三女神”建筑群

Lord Heseltine Of Thenford

‘I was impressed during my many visits to Liverpool as Minister for Merseyside in the early 1980s at the entrepreneurial spirit of the Chinese community - many of whose origins are from Shanghai - and its reputation for hard work. And there can be no more exciting time to be working with China.’

Michael Heseltine, Lord Heseltine of Thenford and founding patron of the 48 Group Club, which carries on the legacy of the first westerners to trade with China in the early 1950s.

赫塞尔廷勋爵

“八十年代初作为莫西塞德郡郡长，我多次访问利物浦，华人的创业精神给我留下了深刻的印象。他们当中的很多人都来自上海。他们都以勤劳著称。与中国合作会是很令人兴奋的。”

赫塞尔廷勋爵，也是48家集团的资助者。48家集团早在上世纪五十年代初便开始与中国进行贸易往来。现在它仍致力于中英两国的贸易事业

75

Chapter 5 - Liverpool World Waterfront City第五章利物浦：世界水岸城市

77

利物浦宏伟壮丽的海滨可以说是世界上任何地方

中最令人难忘的，简直比得上纽约和开普敦或悉尼，

甚至它的姊妹城市——中国上海：在很大程度上，临

海面对着码头的三座建筑构成了独特的三位一体式的

建筑风格。

由于其地理位置显赫，处于默西河口，利物浦在

帆船航行时期，成为最重要的远洋运输港口。二十世

纪以来利物浦壮丽的海滨一直是这个城市视觉形象的

一个诠释，享誉海内外。

由于其地理位置，利物浦城市的早期贸易伙伴是

爱尔兰和苏格兰。而在1550年也与西班牙，葡萄牙和

法国开始进行贸易。到了17世纪中期，与美国的新殖

民地之间有了越来越多的海上运输，从早期的烟草和

糖，到后来的棉花,利物浦成为跨大西洋的货物运输港

口。到了19世纪主要是运送移民到美国，特别是在大

饥荒时期，运送了来自爱尔兰的大量移民。1880年利

物浦正式成为了一座城市。

十九世纪末利物浦码头已延伸到默西河东海岸的

七公里之远。码头成为了商业区，分布着港口有关的

办事处，银行和伦敦城外独特的商品交易所。位于码

头的三座壮丽的建筑是这个城市最引人注目的标志，

随着这个城市的振兴不断变换魅力。

商业贸易所带来的巨大财富促成了威廉姆·布朗大

街周围的文化区，那些建立在其街道两旁的博物馆，

艺术馆和图书馆以其中的文化内涵证实了这座城市的

文化价值。2008年.利物浦被教科文组织授予世界遗产

的荣誉，同时被认作欧洲文化之都。在21世纪，利物

浦继续其复兴。那条河流，以及围绕它长达70公里的

海岸线以及风景秀丽的海滨一起被公认为“皇冠上的

宝石”。

或许丹尼尔·笛福对于利物浦的评价更贴近它的

原貌。丹尼·尔笛福，这位英国18世纪的作家（曾写

过《鲁滨逊漂流记》和《摩尔·弗兰德斯》）兼冒险

家于1708年在其旅行期间来到利物浦，并留下了这样

的话：“利物浦可以称得上是大不列颠众多奇迹中的

一个：她是一个如此迷人，坚固又蓬勃的乡镇。越来

越多富有的人们投入到商业贸易之中，越来越多的建

筑拔地而起。究竟她在今后会发展成何等的面貌？我

对此毫不知晓。”

LIVERPOOL’S magnificent waterfront is arguably one of the most memorable anywhere in the world, rivalling New York and Cape Town or Sydney, and even its

sister Chinese city of Shanghai: in large part for the imposing architectural trinity of the elegant ‘Three Graces’ that dominate the river-facing Pier Head.

In the days of colourful sailing ships the river Mersey was pivotal to the emergence of Liverpool as probably the most dynamic seaport in the world. Throughout the 20th century the awe-inducing waterfront defined the city’s visual identity; an instantly recognisable icon both at home and abroad.

The city’s early trade was predictably with Ireland and Scotland, but by 1550 there were also dealings with Spain, Portugal and France. By the middle of the 1600s there was increasing sea-borne traffic between the new colonies in America, initially carrying tobacco and sugar and later cotton. Liverpool became the principal European port for the transatlantic shipment of a wide variety of goods and, in the 1800s, for the mass emigrations to America, particularly from Ireland during the Great Famine. It was given formal city status in 1880.

Towards the end of the 19th century Liverpool’s docks stretched for seven miles along the east bank of the River Mersey. The docks were served by a commercial district of port-related offices, banks and commodity exchanges unrivalled outside of London. And the Three Graces at the Pier Head were then the city’s most impressive showpiece, and are now enhanced by the regeneration of the waterfront.

The vast wealth generated by the mercantile trade was used to create a cultural quarter around William Brown Street where the buildings - museums, art galleries and civic libraries - and their contents remain a testament to the city’s cultural values; given a contemporary accolade with UNESCO World Heritage status, and as European Capital of Culture. In the 21st century, as Liverpool continues its renaissance, that same river with its scenic waterfront - as well as the 70 miles of coastline that skirt it - are acknowledged as the area’s ‘jewel in the crown’.

Liverpool - A Potted History利物浦--历史的缩影

Left: A ‘bird’s eye’ view of Liverpool on a misty morning左图：晨雾中鸟瞰利物浦

The River Mersey A Vital Trade Artery

In the days of the colourful sailing ships of the 17th and 18th centuries, the river Mersey was pivotal to the emergence of Liverpool as one of the most important seaports in the world.

This frequently turbulent river - reflecting the city’s own historical ebbs and flows, economically and politically - has been a magnet for people for many centuries. It was actually first mentioned in the ‘Domesday’ Book - a nationwide audit undertaken in the 11th century - when Liverpool was just a tiny, unknown, muddy hamlet.

The Mersey stretches from the inland town of Stockport and meanders over 70 miles or so (113km) through towns and countryside to Liverpool Bay, the swirling and fast-running tides sweeping into the Irish Sea.

Over the last 300 years the river has been the main artery for maritime trading links that spread the city’s fame and influence worldwide; indeed some of the early 19th century ‘China Clippers’ made their way between Shanghai and Liverpool with cargoes of tea, silk, spices and people.

The river, fed by canals from the mills of Lancashire and other northern centres for manufacturing and trade, was also an essential cog in Britain’s Industrial Revolution that began in the mid-1700s.

默西河：一条贸易命脉

十七、十八世纪还是多彩帆船的世纪，利物浦跃居世界上最重要的海港之一，而默西河在这个过程中起了关键作用。

这条河流波涛汹涌，可谓利物浦城市政治、经济发展起伏的写照，几百年来令人们向往。默西河最早出现在《末日审判书》中，那是十一世纪英国一次全国性的土地清查运动，而利物浦当时只不过是一个名不见经传的泥泞的小村庄。

默西河发源于内陆的斯托克波特镇，蜿蜒70余英里（113公里），流经城市、乡村，止于利物浦湾，最终随滚滚波涛注入爱尔兰海。

在过去的三百年里，默西河一直是一条主要的海上贸易动脉，在世界上传播着利物浦的声誉和影响。当然，十九世纪早期，已有一些装载着茶叶、丝绸、香辛料和人员的船只往来于上海和利物浦之间。

默西河上的船只主要来自兰开夏郡的工厂和北部其他制造和贸易中心。这条河流也是十八世纪中期开始的英国工业革命中不可或缺的一环。

Right: The world-renowned QE2 linersails majestically into the Port of Liverpool

右图：世界著名的“伊丽莎白2号”游轮驶进利物浦港

81

面对全球经济动荡，利物浦如何支撑自己的重建计

划，特别是，它如何设法保留历史风貌建筑？人们的这

些问题令上海世博会的组织者们应接不暇。

有一点很重要，那就是我们应该记住利物浦的城

史只不过130年，直到1880年它才被准予城市的地位。

之前的一个多世纪里，虽然利物浦在全球贸易中地位

显赫，但它只不过是一个市镇。当然，那时作为一个市

镇，利物浦满腔抱负，一直在挑战别人看来自己力所不

能及的事情。

利物浦的命运一直依赖于那些决定“要让事情发

生”的人。这个城市历史上的进步、沉寂乃至新近的再

建工程都不是偶然发生的。

利物浦贸易史上最有意义的事情发生在1648年。那一

年，第一只注册货船从现在的美国抵达利物浦。那时，

北美和加勒比的种植园经济，特别是棉花、烟草和甘蔗

的种植，将对利物浦作为一个贸易巨人的崛起产生重大

影响。

如今依旧伫立在利物浦的许多建筑提醒着人们当时

的贸易盛况。1709年至1715年间，利物浦的海上贸易精

英建造了世界上第一个封闭的商用湿船坞，这为塑造之

后200年利物浦的发展道路迈出了第一步。

利物浦的成功离不开作为工业革命中心的整个英格

兰西北部腹地的繁荣。利物浦与圣·海伦的煤矿、曼彻

斯特等地的织棉厂以及柴郡的农业产区之间先是运河连

接后来被铁路取代的交通脉络构成了一个生产、消费和

贸易体系。

当然，作为一个国际港口，利物浦的客流、物流也

来自更远的地方：不仅来自爱尔兰、威尔士和苏格兰，

还有更远的中国、非洲、北美洲、西印度群岛、斯堪的

纳维亚半岛、中西欧、俄罗斯、希腊和中东。

这对利物浦城市风貌产生的巨大影响至今可见，

例如，利物浦有欧洲最悠久的华人社区。这种影响最显

著的地方就是码头设施以及辅助建筑，还有显耀这座城

市财富与日俱增的豪华的市政大楼。

利物浦一些最著名、给人深刻印象的建筑都是建于

十九世纪后半期和二十世纪前半叶。如果你从著名的莱

姆大街火车站出来，你首先看到的就是巨大、肃穆的

圣·乔治大厅。

码头系统以及相关港口建筑的大多数，包括默西水

岸端庄典雅的皇家利物大厦、丘纳德大厦和利物浦港务

大厦等“美惠三女神”，也只是一个世纪前才建造的。

近年来，利物浦面临的挑战就是要努力在继承自己

过去的同时重新塑造未来。正是因为利物浦这样做了，

它才得以在2010年上海世界博览会获得展示自己的机

ORGANISERS at the Shanghai Expo were inundated with requests from people wanting to know ‘how’ Liverpool was

managing its regeneration in the face of global economic turmoil and in particular how it was managing to retain its historic built fabric.

It is important to remember that Liverpool has actually only been a city for 130 years, the status granted in 1880. Prior to that, in spite of

its dominance in global trade for over a century, it was a town - albeit a town with aspirations and one which has always punched above its weight. Incredible, too, to think that Liverpool’s built heritage is now seen as so significant - it is still so very modern, and industrial in nature.

Liverpool’s fortunes have always depended on people making decisions to ‘make things happen’, none of the historic development of the city, epic decline or indeed the more recent regeneration has happened by chance.

One of the most significant events in the development of the history of trade in Liverpool came in 1648 when the first registered cargo arrived from what we now know as the USA. The development of the plantation economy in North America and the Caribbean, in particular the growing of cotton, tobacco and sugar was to be of huge significance in the rise of Liverpool as a trading giant.

Many of the buildings still standing in Liverpool are reminders of the sheer scale of trade in these and other commodities and economies. The maritime mercantile elite in Liverpool built the world’s first enclosed commercial wet dock between1709-15, the first step in sealing the future growth of the city for the next 200 years.

It is impossible to disconnect the success of Liverpool from that of the whole of the north-west of England hinterland, particularly as it was at the heart of the Industrial Revolution. Transport links - first by canal and later by railway - to the coal mines of St Helens, the cotton mills of Manchester and beyond and the agricultural plains of Cheshire formed a co-dependent mesh of production, consumption and trade.

Being an international port of course meant that people also came from further afield: not only from Ireland, Wales and Scotland but as far away as China, Africa, North America, the West Indies, Scandinavia, central and western Europe, Russia, Greece and the Middle East.

This wealth of influences on the city’s shape and form has survived in many places - Liverpool has, for example, the oldest Chinese community in Europe - most notably the dock infrastructure and supporting buildings, and the fine civic architecture built to show off the city’s growing fortunes.

Some of the most well-known and impressive buildings in Liverpool were built in the latter half of the 19th and first part of

Looking To The Future From A Great Past by Louise O’Brien利物浦：置身伟大的过去谋划未来路易斯· 奥布莱恩

Leftt: A docks scene at Liverpool’s waterfront in the early 1900s左图：二十世纪早期利物浦的水岸码头

82

会。利物浦申请参与上海世博会的基础就是它如何在拥

抱物质重建的同时承认并保护自己的历史风貌。此时，

我们还应该记住，利物浦之所以在这方面能够如此认

真，原因之一就是2004年这个城市的一大片区域被联合

国教科文组织列为世界遗产地。

在过去十多年的时间里，利物浦市中心发生了十九

世纪晚期以来所无法比肩的巨大变化。更重要的是，新

建筑的质量以及新建筑与历史建筑之间的互动呼应。

现在，旅游业已成为驱动利物浦未来发展的主要经

济动力。作为旅游目的地，利物浦正在日益受到游客的

青睐。因此，这个城市现在需要认真思考如何最好地利

用这一优势。

今天，利物浦再次将它的目光投向了世界并思考如

何实现自己的未来规划和抱负。参加上海世博会为这座

城市提供了重要的机遇来展示自己的最新行动，同时也

昭示了利物浦与上海和中国之间的关系。这应该是件好

事！

路易斯· 奥布莱恩是英国遗产组织利物浦历史环境项目的项目经理。英国遗产组织是英国政府法定顾问。

the 20th centuries: St George’s Hall, immense and sobering, is the first thing you see when you come out of the famous Lime Street railway station.

Much of the dock system and associated port buildings, including the elegant triad of Liver, Cunard and Port of Liverpool Buildings on the river Mersey waterfront, were only built just over a century ago.

Liverpool’s challenge in recent years has been to try to come to terms with what it has been in the past in order to recreate itself for the future. It is precisely because of this process and how the city has been doing this, that Liverpool won its place at the World Expo in Shanghai 2010 at all. Its bid was on the basis of how it has embraced physical regeneration while still acknowledging and managing its historic built environment. It is worth remembering at this point that one of the main reasons that Liverpool has to take this so seriously is because in 2004 a large part of the city centre was inscribed onto the UNESCO list of World Heritage sites.

During the last decade and more, Liverpool has seen change and development in the city centre on a scale unparalleled since the late 19th century. The quality of new build and the way that it interacts with the older buildings has become far more important.

Tourism has now become a major economic driver for future change in Liverpool and serious thought has to be given to how the city is going to be best able to take advantage of its increasing popularity as a visitor destination.

Liverpool is starting to look outwards again at how to realise its future plans and aspirations. The city’s presence at the World Expo in Shanghai was a significant opportunity to show off what it has been doing lately as well as highlighting the links between the city and Shanghai and the rest of China - and this has to be a good thing.

Louise O’Brien is project manager of the Historic Environment of Liverpool project for English Heritage, a statutory adviser to the British government.

Right: An atmospheric day on the river Mersey and lowering clouds over Liverpool右图：低云下的默西河与利物浦

Below: Passengers aboard a Mersey ferry watch the approach of Liverpool across the river乘客在默西河渡轮上遥望渐行渐近的利物浦

Right: Shanghai - the Pearl of the Orient右图：上海：东方明珠

Thirty Years Of Reforms Transform China

In 1978, Deng Xiaoping assumed the leadership of an impoverished China, after Mao Zedong’s disastrous Cultural Revolution. At the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee a decision was made to focus on China’s economic construction. Over the ensuing years pragmatic policies were introduced to liberalise the Chinese economy while maintaining the power of the Communist state. This is now acknowledged as among the most successful development strategies adopted by any country, ever.

In 1992 Deng embarked on his now legendary ‘Southern Tour’ of China visiting the already burgeoning Shenzhen and other parts of Guangdong province. He called on provincial leaders and entrepreneurs to ‘step up’ and drive ever forward the economic reforms under the rallying call: ‘Poverty is not socialism. To be rich is glorious.’

三十年改变中国

文革结束后，邓小平于1978年重新走上中国政坛。经历文革的磨难，那时的中国十分贫穷。中共十一届三中全会做出了要把工作重心转移到经济建设上的决定。罗奇评论说，在随后的岁月里，中国共产党在继续把握执政权的同时，推行了务实的政策，逐步解放了经济。邓小平推行的改革开放被认为是世界上最成功的发展战略。

1992年，邓小平进行了著名的“南巡”。他视察了当时已经蓬勃发展的深圳以及广东的其它一些地方。他号召省级领导和企业家在“贫穷不是社会主义，致富光荣”的号角下，加速推进经济改革。

87

Chapter 6 - Shanghai - The Pearl Of The Orient第六章上海：东方明珠

SHANGAI is China’s largest city and home to close on 19 million people, compared with 5.2 million in 1949 when Mao Zedong declared the founding of the People’s Republic.

Acclaimed even in the mid-19th century as the greatest metropolis in Asia - although later also regarded as a ‘paradise for adventurers, mavericks and chancers’ in the 1920s and 1930s - Shanghai has undergone astonishing changes and modernisation since the central government in Beijing decided to speed up development in the early 1990s.

It declared the once swampy marshland area of Pudong, across the Huangpu River from the Puxi district - which incorporates the world-famous Bund, so similar to Liverpool’s waterfront - into an open development zone.

The bewildering speed at which Shanghai has dashed headlong into the 21st century is difficult to take in. In many ways it has already eclipsed Hong Kong and is the world’s fastest-growing metropolis.

Skyscrapers seem to spring up overnight, and the frequently surreal architecture resembles scenes from a futuristic science fiction movie: buildings are topped with what resemble pineapple fronds, pagodas or Doric columns.

In Pudong, the Merchants’ Tower, the Stock Exchange Tower and the inspirational Oriental Pearl TV and Radio Tower compete with the glittering International Airport - featuring an undulating ceiling impaled by porcupine quills composed of white fibre glass - for modernity, along with the astonishing 260 mph Maglev train.

In the 1930s Shanghai was indisputably the most glamorous, cultured - and decadent - city in China, and probably all of Asia. It boasted the epithets the ‘Paris of the East’ and the ‘Pearl of the Orient’: both equally apposite today.

The origins of Shanghai - which means ‘by the sea’ - can be traced back to the 7th century AD when it was known as Shen or Hu Tu after the local bamboo fishing traps. It took the name Shanghai in the Sung Dynasty of the 11th century and became a relatively important Asian trading port in the 13th century.

During the 16th century Ming Dynasty, when Shanghai became a walled city, it grew into a national textile centre famed for its cotton. But the city had hardly any international presence until China was forced by Britain to sign the ‘unequal’ trading Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.

Shanghai’s location on the banks of the Yangtze River Delta would propel it to global prominence. The Yangtze, one of the cradles of Chinese civilisation, is without doubt China’s ‘Southern Belle’ and, at 6300km is the biggest river in Asia and the world’s third longest.

Today, Shanghai is the showcase of Asia: the focal point for business, trade and finance in a ‘New China’ that is taking a rightful place on the world stage. The success of World Expo 2010 has confirmed the city’s transformation - and that of China - as a significant international power broker in the 21st century.

1949年当毛泽东宣布中华人民共和国成立时，上海

人口只有520万。现在上海是中国最大的城市，人口近

1900万。

19世纪中期上海被誉为亚洲最大的大都市。20世纪

20年代和30年代，也被视为为冒险家、漂泊者、机会

家的天堂。自90年代初北京中央政府决定加快发展后，

上海在现代化建设方面发生了惊人的变化。

浦西有世界著名的外滩，和利物浦的海滨极其相

似。浦西黄浦江对面的浦东曾经是沼泽湿地，但现已经

发展成一个开放的开发区。上海在以惊人的速度向21世

纪迈进。在很多方面它已超过了香港，成为世界上发展

最快的大都市。

摩天大楼似乎在一夜之间出现。超现实的建筑风格

和未来科幻小说电影中的景象十分相似：建筑物的顶端

呈现出菠萝叶子、塔式和多利安式圆柱的形状。

浦东的招商大厦、上海证券大厦、东方明珠广播电

视发射塔，以及以每小时260英里惊人速度行使的磁悬

浮火车与熠熠发光的国际机场竞相呼应（机场主大厅顶

部是深蓝色的铝波纹板，下方是根根白色钢腹杆，看起

来很像是豪猪身上的豪刺。），这一切都体现出了上海

这个大都市的现代性。

20世纪30年代的上海被无可争议地认为是中国或许

是亚洲最富有魅力与颓废的文化城市。它一直都享有“

东方巴黎”和“东方明珠'的美誉。

上海（“海边”之意）这一名称的由来可以追溯

到公元7世纪时。因当地的竹编捕鱼工具而被称作‘

申’‘扈’‘渎’。上海之称始于11世纪的宋代，13

世纪成为一个比较重要的亚洲贸易港。

16世纪明朝时期的上海还是一个围墙式的城市，

后发展成全国闻名的棉花纺织中心。1842年英国政府强

迫中国签定不平等的南京贸易条约前，上海还是一个几

乎没有国际名望的城市。

上海优越的地理位置（坐落于长江三角洲）推动它

成为了具有国际声望的城市。长江（中华文明的摇篮之

一）无疑是中国南方的最好之地。长江长6300公里，

是亚洲最大的河流和世界第三大河。

今天，上海是亚洲的窗口：是新中国商业、贸易和

金融的中心，在世界舞台上起着重要的作用。2010年上

海世博会的成功举办证明了这个城市的变革—也证明了

中国的变化：中国已经成为了21世纪国际上很具影响力

的国家。

Shanghai Plays To The Gallery上海吸引世界目光

89

The Yangtze River China’s ‘Southern Belle’

The Yangtze, one of the cradles of Chinese civilization, is without doubt China’s ‘Southern Belle’, and is the world’s third longest river. Snaking between western China’s Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the East China Sea over a distance of 6300 km it is the biggest river in Asia and known by various names. In the mountainous west it is called Tongtian He - ‘Travelling Through the Heavens River’. Where it borders Sichuan running into Yunnan it is referred to as Jinsha Jiang - ‘River of Golden Sand’. Only in the lower reaches is this great river known as the Yangtze, the name most foreigners will recognise.

长江中国的“南方佳人”

长江是中华文明的摇篮之一，可谓当之无愧的中国的“南方佳人”，是世界第三长河。从中国西部青藏高原到东海，长江蜿蜒6300多公里，这条亚洲最大的河流流经不同的地区便被人们赋予不同的名字。在群山起伏的西部，它被称作“通天河”；在四川、云南境内，它被叫做“金沙江”；而只有在下游地带，这条大河才被称作“长江”或“扬子江”。

Right: The grand Yangtze Dam右图：长江三峡大坝

Focus On Sister Cities

Liverpool enjoys sister city status with Shanghai, Dublin, Cologne, Tallinn and Memphis and fraternal friendship ties with Odessa and New York.

Shanghai has sister city links or partnerships with over 60 cities world wide, including Liverpool, Barcelona, Hamburg, Oslo, Valparaiso, St Petersburg, Alexandria, Istanbul, Dunedin, San Francisco, Dubai, Osaka, Casablanca, Montreal, Antwerp, Karachi and Santiago in Cuba, amongst others.

聚焦友好城市

利物浦享有与上海，都柏林，科隆，塔林，孟菲斯，敖德萨和纽约兄弟般的友好关系，及姐妹城市的地位。上海已与世界上60多个城市结为友好城市或合作伙伴，

其中包括利物浦，巴塞罗那，汉堡，奥斯陆，瓦尔帕莱索，圣彼得堡，亚历山大，伊斯坦布尔，达尼丁，旧金山，迪拜，大阪，卡萨布兰卡，蒙特利尔，安特卫普，卡拉奇和古巴的圣地亚哥等。

Right: Shanghai - one of the world’s great metropolises shines bright a night

右图：国际大都会上海亮丽的夜景

94

MY FIRST stint in the British embassy in Beijing - properly then called the Office of the British Charge d’Affaires - was

1969 to 1971, during the frenetic phase of the Cultural Revolution.

The atmosphere was not propitious for trade but the annual Canton Trade Fairs still took place each autumn. As the political situation calmed, two UK trade delegations visited the embassy

during my two years, one led by Sir John Keswick, the president of the Sino-British Trade Council, and another by Roland Berger, 48 Group adviser.

My next visit to China was accompanying Peter Walker and Michael Heseltine to the opening of the 1973 British Industrial Technology Exhibition. This was the only large-scale UK trade exhibition ever mounted in China and introduced Chinese engineers to some of the UK’s great engineering firms. Premier Zhou Enlai toured the stands and both Lord Walker and Lord Heseltine now frequently cite their visit in 1973 as a groundbreaker.

In January 1984, I returned to the embassy, this time as commercial counsellor. What a difference a reform and opening policy can make! Over the next three years the flow of visits by British ministers and business delegations was non-stop. The small commercial section under my direction was run off its feet.

The political background for us was, of course, dominated by the Hong Kong negotiation, which concluded in December 1984 with the signing of the ‘Joint Declaration’ by Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Premier Zhao Ziyang. Once that was done, our Chinese friends decided that any hesitation about trading with the ‘old lion’ should be set aside.

Early in 1985 Lord Young - UK Secretary of State for Trade and Industry - led what was then described as the most senior British trade delegation ever to leave the shores of the UK. Lord Young visited China several more times and fulfilled the valuable role of a special minister for China, which in contemporary times was until recently occupied by John Prescott, former UK deputy prime minister.

The great advantage of being commercial rather than political counsellor was that I met many of those at vice-minister level and below who were in due course to be senior leaders. I met Jiang Zemin as minister of the electronic industry; Li Peng as a vice-minister and later vice-premier; and Zhu Rongji as vice-chairman of the State Economic Commission.

Perhaps one of the more memorable events during my tenure was the sea day that I helped to host on board HMS Britannia on the Huangpu river in Shanghai during the state visit by the Queen in October 1986. For our Chinese guests, this must have been extraordinary. I will never forget the view of the floodlit Bund on the evening of the state banquet, and the whispered confession from one Shanghai guest that 50 factories had lost their power to allow the Queen to see the lights.

我初次在英国驻北京使馆工作是在1969年至1971年。

不过那时还不是真正意义的使馆，其实应该叫做英国临

时代办处。当时，中国正好处于文化大革命的狂热之中。

那时的贸易还不成气候，但是每年秋天都会举办一

次广交会。随着政治局势的渐趋稳定，我在北京的两年

时间里，有两个英国贸易代表团访问北京。其中一个代

表团由英中贸易理事会主席约翰·凯斯维克带领，另一

个由48家集团顾问罗兰·伯杰率领。

我再次到中国是1973年陪同皮特·沃克和迈克尔·

赫塞尔廷参加英国工业技术展览的开幕式。这在当时是

在中国举办的唯一一次大型英国贸易展览。这次活动向

中国介绍了英国一些大型的工程公司。周恩来总理视察

了展览。如今，沃克和赫色尔汀经常提起1973年的这次

访问，并认为这是一次突破。

1984年1月，我回到英国驻中国使馆工作，担任商

务参赞。改革开放带来的变化真是太大了！在随后的三

年里，英国官员和商业代表团几乎不间断地访问中国，

我领导的商务处人手少，几乎忙得不可开交。

当然，当时最重大的政治事件就是香港问题谈判。谈

判于1984年12月结束，英国首相撒切尔夫人和中国总理

赵紫阳签署了《中英联合声明》。香港问题解决之后，

我们的中国朋友立即决定在中英贸易往来上不再犹豫。

1985年，英国贸工大臣戴维·杨带领被认为是当时

最高级的英国贸易代表团访华。之后他多次访问中国，

扮演中国事务专门大臣的重要角色，直至最近由前副首

相约翰·普雷斯科特替代。

担任商务参赞而不是政治参赞的一大优势就是我有

机会结识了许多当时只是副部级或更低级别但却正处于

上升趋势的官员，如江泽民、李鹏、朱镕基等。

或许，我在任期间最值得记忆的事情之一就是1986

年10月女王访问中国时我帮助不列颠尼亚号在上海黄

浦江举办的海洋日活动。对于我们的中国客人来说，这

肯定非比寻常。那天晚上，从不列颠尼亚号上看外滩，

一派流光溢彩，此番景象让我永生难忘。我记得甚至有

一位上海客人低声说，为了让女王欣赏到外滩美丽的夜

景，50家工厂为此停电。

休·戴维斯是亚洲东方合伙人公司高级合伙人，曾是英国高

级外交官，曾任英国驻中国大使馆商务参赞、中英香港问题

联合联络小组英国大使，现任中国协会主席、英中协会副主

席、英中贸易协会理事和48家集团俱乐部委员会委员。塔

儿童乐队演出。

Hugh Davies CMG is a former senior British diplomat, and commercial counsellor at the Embassy in Beijing, with his final assignment as ambassador on the Sino-British Joint Liaison Group for Hong Kong. Currently he is chairman of the China Association, vice-chairman of the Great Britain China Centre, a board member of the China Britain Business Council and committee member of the 48 Group Club.

Memories Of The Diplomatic Service In China by Hugh Davies中国记忆休·戴维斯

95

Top right: The Great Hall of the People in Beijing右上：北京人民大会堂

Mao Zedong on one of his famoustours of inspection毛泽东到地方视察

97

1945年，我还是个刚刚20岁的小伙子，那时突然置

身利物浦—战争之后满目疮痍的利物浦，陌生、新奇，

感到无所适从。我被一只军用船从印度运到利物浦，那

里急需一批中国水手帮助重振英国遍体鳞伤的商船队。

我在四川的老家靠近长江，还是个孩子的时候就听说

过许多关于英国的事情，但是，一下子置身这个国度，

竟然激动得有些紧张。现在我差不多85岁了，回忆起

来，我这一生成年的时光实际上都是在利物浦度过的。

我在十六、七岁的时候被迫离开中国。因为日本侵

略中国的战争不仅蹂躏了城市还践踏了广大的农村，我

的家人四散逃亡，我被征入蒋介石控制的中国军队。那

时，中国军队加入了英、美两国在缅甸打击日本的军事

行动。

我先是被空运到尼泊尔参加六个月的培训。然后在

1941年晚些时候与其他成千上万的中国士兵一起被派赴

缅甸前线，在战争最激烈的时候，在那里度过了一年半

的时间。我两次负伤，最终因伤退伍。

不过，那时回到中国简直是不可能的。我被空运到

加尔各答，在那里的一家中餐馆找了个做服务员的差

事。但是，后来我在广告上看到英国商船队正在招募水

手，于是报名，这样就被蓝烟囱轮船公司录用，来到了

英国。

能够来到利物浦，我心里很感激，虽然那时我还不

会说英语。过去在我的家乡，我们经常谈论英国这个

遥远、神秘的地方，但我从来没有想象过会在这里终

此一生。不过，我现在依旧持中国护照，拥有中国国

籍，虽然我把利物浦当成自己的家，但我的心依旧在

中国。

作为水手，我在全球航行了二十年，1965年被蓝烟

囱轮船公司裁员。之后，我开始在曼彻斯特一家中餐馆

做零工，同时在利物浦和伯肯黑德的码头打工。当时，

为了养活人口渐多的家庭，我决定在码头边开一个小

的“工人”咖啡馆，为客人们提供我的家乡四川的热辣

风味。如今，曾氏咖啡馆已成为利物浦港区广受欢迎的

一个店铺，经常光顾的客人来自三教九流。

1958年，我回到中国寻亲。那时还没有发生文化大

革命。我真的找到了多数失散的兄弟姐妹。但是我直到

1982年中国政治形势稳定下来之后才再次回国。现在，

我还担任着几家在中国做生意的英国公司的顾问，争取

每过一、两年就回中国一次。

曾志高是世界洪门英国致公总堂副主席兼外交专员。

EARLY in 1945, I was a young man barely 20 years of age and I suddenly found myself in a war-battered Liverpool, a strangely exotic and wildly foreign city to me. I had been

transported in a troop ship from India to join the vitally needed pool of Chinese seamen who were to help revive Britain’s bruised merchant fleet.

I was nervously excited to be in the country that I had heard so much about as a boy in my rural home close to the Yangtze river in the province of Sichuan. Now around 85 years of age - I think - I’ve actually spent all my adult life in Liverpool.

When I was about 16 or 17, I was forced to leave China, my family scattered far and wide, because of the Japanese War that had ravaged both the cities and the vast countryside. I was drafted into the Chinese army - then under the control of Chiang Kai-shek - that was joining forces with the British and American armies who were by then also involved in the struggle against Japan in Burma.

I was flown to Nepal for six months training. Then along with thousands of other Chinese soldiers I was assigned to the Burmese front line in late 1941, spending 18 months in the heat of battle. I was wounded twice and invalided out of the army.

Of course at that time returning to China was still out of the question and I was flown to Calcutta where I got a job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant. There I spotted an advertisement for the British Merchant Navy, which was looking for seamen. I was accepted by the Blue Funnel Line and shipped back to England.

I was so grateful to arrive in Liverpool, even though I didn’t speak English then. Back in my hometown we had often talked of this mysterious, faraway land of Britain but I never imagined I would end up here. But I still have my Chinese passport and citizenship and while I regard Liverpool as my home, my heart is still in China.

For 20 more years I travelled the globe as a seaman but was made redundant by Blue Funnel Line in 1965. So I turned my hand to working part-time in a Chinese restaurant in Manchester and as a casual hand on the Liverpool and Birkenhead docks. At that time, in order to look after my growing family, I decided to open a small ‘workers’ café on the docksides, giving customers the chance to taste the fiery flavours of my native Sichuan. Today San’s Café is a popular and regular haunt of a wide mixture of customers from around Liverpool’s docklands.

In 1958 I went back to China to trace my relatives, before the Cultural Revolution closed the country down for 10 years, and did find most of my ‘lost’ sisters and brothers. But I didn’t return again until 1982, when the political situation had calmed. Now I try to visit every couple of years while also acting as an adviser to several British companies doing business in China.

Zeng Zhi Gao is deputy chairman and executive commissar of the Chinese Freemasons, UK.

Across The Seas by Zeng Zhi Gao跨越大洋曾志高

Left: Zeng Zhi Gao in Liverpool’s Albert Dock - he once sailed regularly with Liverpool’s well known Blue Funnel Line before settling downin the city左图：曾志高在利物浦阿尔伯特码头。定居利物浦之前，他曾在著名的蓝烟囱轮船公司做水手

Running The Great Wall

In 1987 British author and photographer William Lindesay undertook a solo journey on foot of almost 2500 kilometres, and 78 days in duration, along the Great Wall of China from Jiayuguan to Shanhaiguan.

He later settled in China from 1990 to research the ‘Wall’ and in 2001 established International Friends of the Great Wall, an NGO which cooperates with the Beijing Administration of Cultural Heritage and the World Monument Trust. His term ‘Wild Wall’ has been absorbed into the Chinese language to describe the ruins.

William lives in an old farmhouse located just below the Great Wall with his wife Wu Qi and their sons James and Thomas. His books include: ‘Alone on the Great Wall’ (Hodder, London 1989), ‘Images of Asia: The Great Wall’ (Oxford University Press, HK, 2003) and ‘The Great Wall Revisited’ (China Intercontinental Press, 2007).

He was awarded the Friendship Medal from the central government of China in 1998 and the Order of the British Empire (OBE) from HM Queen Elizabeth 11 in 2006.

为长城奔走

1987年英国作家、摄影师威廉·林赛徒步考察长城，从嘉峪关至山海关，行程约2500公里，历时78天。

后来，从1990年开始，他定居中国研究长城，并于2001年成立了“国际长城之友”。这是一个非政府组织，与北京市文物局和世界文化遗产基金会合作。他提出的“野长城”的概念已经被吸纳入中文，用来描述未经修复的古长城遗址。

威廉现与妻子吴琪和他们的两个儿子詹姆斯、托马斯居住在长城脚下的一处农家院落。他的著作包括《长城上的孤影》《亚洲镜像：长城》和《再访长城》。

1998年，威廉·林赛获得中国政府颁发的“友谊奖”。2006年他获得了英国女王伊丽莎白二世颁发的不列颠帝国勋章。

100

我的孩提时代是在中国浙江省度过的。浙江在上海

的南面。那时，我有两个梦想：一个是要到国外求学，

另一个是要做舞蹈演员。所以，当2001年我来到利物浦

大学的时候，我非常高兴，因为我已经实现了自己的第

一个梦想。

在利物浦大学我获得了环境和规划专业的学士学

位，之后又获得了利物浦约翰莫瑞斯大学营销专业的硕

士学位。

可是，我依旧非常渴望成为一名舞者。所以，大学

毕业后，我没有去做规划师，而是跑到了一家中国餐馆

打工攒钱，然后到利物浦社区学院学习舞蹈课程。

我一直立志于在英国推介中国的艺术和文化，促进

两国文化交流。在本科学习期间，我担任了利物浦华人

学生和学者联合会主席，并组织了利物浦大学首届春节

文艺展演。这一活动现在每年举办一次。

大学毕业后，我组建了“中国明珠”。这是一个从

事中国艺术、文化教育和作品开发的机构，2007年以来

一直以利物浦为基地开展业务。

近年来，我在当地制作指导了一系列演出，包括在

利物浦世界博物馆推出的、通过舞蹈讲述中国历史的“

梦”；在利物浦社区学院演出的中国少数民族舞蹈“图

腾的生命”；在霍普大学基石剧场为汶川地震救灾举行

的募捐义演“因为爱”，以及在利物浦灯塔剧院推出的

庆祝元宵节演出“春天奏鸣曲”等。

除此之外，我也作为演员和模特登上过舞台，并尝

试参加过一些电影的演出，其中包括雷德利斯科特协会

制作的短片《暗室》、利物浦参加上海世博会的影片《

通向英格兰西北地区的大门》以及科幻短片《一分钟的

调整》等。

其他作品主要是赞美利物浦与上海之间的关系，

如“上海世博会：中国艺术与文化的庆典”，以及通过

多媒体讲述利物浦华人社区故事的“拱门之外”。

现在，我已经把利物浦当作第二故乡，我深深地爱

着它。但是我依然以身为中国人、为中国文化倍感骄

傲。我将继续为向英国和更多国家的受众推介中国艺术

和文化而不懈努力。

黄芬芬1981年生于中国东部沿海省份浙江省临海市。她是创意机构“中国明珠”的创始人，这个机构在英国成立，主要面向社区。2010年8月29日，黄芬芬与英国教师、艺术家阿拉斯泰尔·赫伍德在景色优美的威尔拉尔半岛海角植物园举行婚礼。目前，黄芬芬在北京舞蹈学院进修舞蹈。

AS A young girl growing up in China, in Zhejiang province south of Shanghai, I had two passions: one was to study

abroad and the other to be a dancer. So when I arrived at the University of Liverpool in 2001, I was delighted that I had realised the first of my dreams.

There, I gained a BA (Hons) in Environment and Planning and later an MA in Marketing from

Liverpool John Moores University. However, I was still very keen to become a dancer. So, instead

of becoming a planner I went to work in a Chinese restaurant to save enough money to take a dance course at Liverpool Community College.

I have always aspired to promoting Chinese arts and culture in the UK and to enhance cultural exchange, and when I was doing my bachelor degree I was president of the Liverpool Chinese Students and Scholars Association. And I organised the first Chinese New Year variety show in the university’s student Precinct building that has since become an annual event.

After university I set up China Pearl, a Chinese arts and culture production and education company, which has been based in Liverpool since 2007.

In recent years I have produced and directed shows in local theatres including ‘Dream’, a Chinese history in dance at World Museum Liverpool; ‘Life of Totem’, a Chinese ethnic dance show at Liverpool Community College; ‘Because of Love’, a charity show to raise money for the Sichuan Earthquake Appeal performed at Hope University’s Cornerstone Theatre; and ‘Spring Sonata’, a Chinese lantern festival show at Liverpool’s Lighthouse Theatre.

But I have also moved into the wider creative arena as an actress and model and have enjoyed roles in various films including the short Dark Room produced by the Ridley Scott Association, the Liverpool Shanghai Expo film Gateway to the Northwest, and a short sci-fi film called A Minute’s Adjustment.

Other productions have celebrated Liverpool’s links with Shanghai such as the ‘Shanghai Expo Chinese Arts and Culture Celebration’ and ‘Beyond the Arch’, stories from the Liverpool Chinese community told in a multi-media dance show.

Of course, while I have adopted Liverpool as my second home, and I adore it deeply, I am still extremely proud of my Chinese identity and culture and I will continually strive to promote Chinese arts and culture to audiences in the UK and beyond.

Huang Fenfen was born in March 1981 in Linhai City in Zhejiang province on the eastern seaboard of China. She is the founder of China Pearl, a UK based community focused creative organisation. Fenfen married Alastair Harwood, a British teacher and artist, in the beautiful surroundings of Ness Botanical Gardens on the Wirral Peninsula on Sunday August 29th 2010.

The Spirit Of East And West by Huang Fenfen东西方的精神黄芬芬

Right: Huang Fenfen at her wedding reception with British husband Alistair Harwood

and friend Simon Richardson右图：黄芬芬与英国丈夫阿里斯特尔·赫伍德在婚礼后

与他们的朋友、专业摄影师西蒙·理查森合影。西蒙·理查森曾为黄芬芬拍摄了大量艺术照

Commentary

‘Liverpool and Shanghai enjoy a unique bond - economic, trade and cultural ties between the two cities have flourished. The city occupies a very important place for us as it was the first place Chinese immigrants landed, and it has the oldest Chinatown in Europe, so it’s great that it’s the only UK city with its own pavilion in Expo.

I also hope it will bring China, the UK, Liverpool and Shanghai closer together.

Liverpool has a lot to offer China in business, trade, manufacturing industry, hi-tech information technology, service and maritime industries.

China also has a lot to offer Liverpool, and by showcasing Liverpool in such a dynamic city as Shanghai, it offers a lot of opportunities.

Liverpool has already really benefited from its presence at the Expo. It has been a worthwhile investment and shows the great potential for co-operation between not only the two cities, but between Liverpool and China.’

Liu Xiaoming made the above comments in Liverpool’s famous St George’s Hall at the opening of a special photographic exhibition on the Shanghai World Expo, which toured several UK cities. The exhibition was organised by the Chinese Embassy in London and sponsored by the British engineering group Arup.

评介

利物浦与上海关系独特，两个城市之间经济、贸易和文化往来活跃。

利物浦在我们心中占据着重要的位置，因为这里是华人移民的最早落脚点，建有欧洲最早的唐人街，尤其值得一提的是，利物浦还是英国唯一单独建馆参加本届世博会的城市。

我希望世博会能够让中国和英国、上海和利物浦走得更近。利物浦在商贸、制造业、高新技术和信息技术、服务业和海运业等方面可以为中国提供许多机会。

中国也可以为利物浦提供许多。在上海这样具有活力的城市展示利物浦，这对利物浦来说无疑意味着巨大的机遇。

参加世博会已经让利物浦获益。利物浦的这一投入是值得的。这也显示了上海与利物浦之间以及整个中国与利物浦之间的合作潜力。

以上是刘晓明在利物浦圣乔治礼堂举办的上海世博会图片展利物浦站开幕式上的讲话。图片展由中国大使馆组织，英国奥雅纳集团等协办，在英国多个城市巡回展出。

Right: The opening ceremonies for the Shanghai Expo on the Huangpu River右图：上海世博会开幕式当晚的黄浦江

103

Chapter 7 - Liverpool And Shanghai第七章利物浦与上海

THE most ambitious and the most successful World Expo ever was delivered in Shanghai in 2010, nearly 170 years after the first was held at Crystal Palace

in London in 1851. A record-breaking 70 million visitors attended the six-month long event from May to October on the banks of the Huangpu River - and the only British city involved was Liverpool.

Liverpool Vision, the regeneration company, proudly hosted the popular ‘Liverpool Pavilion’ in partnership with Liverpool City Council, the Northwest Regional Development Agency, the Liverpool-Shanghai Partnership and Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, along with Peel Holdings leading the private sector and the University of Liverpool leading an academic squad of six local universities.

The event was regarded in Liverpool as a once-in-a-generation opportunity to consolidate existing relationships with China and forge new ones in the world’s emerging markets and to showcase Liverpool’s track record of urban regeneration under the Expo theme of ‘Better City, Better Life’.

When handed the keys to the Liverpool Pavilion by Expo officials in November 2009 Councillor Warren Bradley, then Leader of Liverpool City Council, commented: “Liverpool is an amazing calling card on the international stage and will drive attention to the pavilion and the organisations with the foresight and vision to get involved in this massive opportunity.”

And all of those who took part believe that ambition was realised as the Liverpool pavilion became a magnet for Chinese and international visitors alike.

The name of the Expo mascot was ‘Hai Bao’, created from the Chinese character for people - ren - which means the treasure of the sea. The blue colour represents seawater and indicates China’s integration into the world - which the success of the Expo has confirmed.

And both Shanghai and Liverpool share an affinity with water, as they are located on or close to famous and mighty rivers.

In 2008 Liverpool was awarded the high accolade of European Capital of Culture to mark its regeneration, and as part of its own cultural revival its Chinese sister city of Shanghai can point to a remarkable 49 cultural sites of interest, 31 public libraries, 50 archives, 11 museums and 30 performing arts groups - never mind its growing reputation as the unofficial home of ‘night-life’ in China with its discos, dance halls, karaoke bars, myriad restaurants and several fabulous symphony orchestras.

自1851年首届世博会在伦敦水晶宫举办近170年来，2010

年的上海世博会是迄今为止耗资最大、最成功的一次。七千万

游客参加了在黄浦江两岸举行的长达6个月（五月至十月）的

盛会，这一数字打破了历史记录。此次世博会上，利物浦是唯

一的英国城市代表。

利物浦视野（一家城市开发公司）同多个组织合作，自豪

地筹办了人气十足的利物浦馆。这些组织包括：利物浦市议

会、英国西北英格兰发展署、利物浦-上海合作公司、利物浦

商业协会、皮尔控股公司（Peel Holdings）及其下属私营部门，

以及以利物浦大学为首的由6个地方大学组成的学术团队。

利物浦将此次世博会视为千载难逢的机会，他们可借此机

会巩固同中国现有的关系，在全球新兴市场上建立新的关系，

并围绕“城市，让生活更美好”的世博主题充分展示其城市发

展的轨迹。

2009年11月，时任利物浦市议会领袖的区议员伟伦·布

特利（Warren Bradley）从世博会官员手中接过利物浦馆的钥匙

时，他说道：“利物浦在国际舞台上是一个了不起的引领者，

她将把人们的目光吸引到利物浦馆以及那些有远见卓识的、

能够抓住这一巨大机会的公司组织。”

所有参与利物浦馆建设的人都认为他们的雄伟设想已得以

实现，因为利物浦馆对中外参观者来说都相当有吸引力。

上海世博会的吉祥物以汉字“人“为核心创意，它的名字

叫“海宝“，意思是”海洋之宝”。蓝色代表着海水，也表示

中国与世界的融合—上海世博会的举办成功已完全证明了这一

点。上海和利物浦都和水有着密切的关系，因为这两座城市都

坐落在著名的大河边上或附近。

2008年，利物浦被授予了“欧洲文化之都”的美誉，以此

彰显其城市的复兴。而作为其自身文化复兴的一部分，利物浦

的姊妹城市--上海能够展现其49个文化遗址、31个公共图书

馆、50个档案馆、11个博物馆和30个表演团体。更不用说那些

非官方的、越来越著名的“夜生活”，例如：迪斯科舞厅、歌

舞厅、卡拉OK酒吧、无数的餐馆以及一些一流的交响乐团。

Liverpool’s Showcase At Shanghai Expo上海世博会上的利物浦展区

105

Left: A young Chinese Liverpool Football Club fan sits proudly amongst images of her idols at the Liverpool pavilion at the Shanghai Expo左图：在上海世博会利物浦馆，一位中国“利迷”骄傲地坐在利物浦足球俱乐部球员照片中间与自己的偶像们“合影”

106

WHEN it was agreed to take Liverpool to the World Expo in Shanghai we felt that it was a public statement of our intent to

become a truly international city again.Of course, we also knew we’d be taking a

risk but that was what our forefathers did in the early years of the 18th century when they basically mortgaged Liverpool to take out a loan to build the city’s first dock. It was paid for within 12 months.

Our city’s rise to global importance in the 19th century was based on strong international relationships. Now, after years of looking inward, we’re doing what we did best: looking outwards and showing Liverpool is open for business again.

Critical to this vision is Liverpool’s aim of becoming one of Shanghai’s top three international city-partners of choice in what is set to become the world’s foremost economic power. And Liverpool and north-west England are also at the forefront of the UK’s approach to building strong commercial relationships with China.

Liverpool’s decision to take part in World Expo was not only the right one but I believe that the city would have been mad not to take up the opportunity. There is no doubt that the opportunity for businesses prepared to forge global relationships is a massive one. And no doubt, either, that China and Shanghai will be at the centre of the new economic world order.

So, Liverpool City Council, Liverpool Vision, the Liverpool Shanghai Partnership and the Northwest Regional Development Agency ‘invested’ in the Expo to help businesses, educational institutions and cultural organisations tap into vital networks both in China and internationally - with Liverpool as the ‘gateway’ to the North West, and the wider UK.

It is significant and indicative of our standing in Shanghai that Liverpool was the only UK city to participate in the Expo and one of only five world cities invited to the opening ceremony.

I firmly believe that we were picked not just because of sister city relations but because of what we have achieved in Liverpool in terms of regeneration and putting the city back on the world stage, first with World Heritage status and then as European Capital of Culture.

We are not selling a dream any more - we are selling the harsh realities of the world economy. Businesses need to go global or they will shrink. Our presence in Shanghai was about putting us on the world stage proper. We were able to showcase Liverpool like never before. And the Gala Day was about Liverpool having a grand finale to display our business abilities, creative talent and excellence in urban regeneration. And to declare that beneath this ‘wow factor’ there’s a real depth and breadth to what we have to offer.

Mike Taylor is deputy chief executive at Liverpool Vision and the Liverpool Shanghai pavilion’s creative eirector. He is a former general manager of Granada Television in Manchester and managing director of 3Sixtymedia.

参加上海世界博览会的决定如同一纸利物浦意在重

新成为真正的国际都市的公共宣言。

当然，我们也知道，这样做会有些冒险，但是十八

世纪早期，我们的祖先不也是冒着极大风险几乎是将利

物浦作为抵押才获得了建造这座城市第一个码头的贷款

吗？不过，只不过一年的时间，就证明了这种冒险是值

得的。

十九世纪，我们这座城市得以在全球崛起，其基础

就是我们拥有强大的国际关系。现在，历经多年的内视

之后，我们正在恢复过去最好的做法：向外看，告诉世

界利物浦再次为商业开放。

确立这一远见，有一点至关重要，那就是利物浦志

在成为上海精挑细选的三个顶级国际城市伙伴之一，而

上海正注定成为世界最主要的经济引擎。同时，在英国

与中国建立强大商业关系的路线图上，利物浦以及英格

兰西北部地区正好也是首当其冲。

利物浦参加世博会的决定不仅是正确的，而且我相

信，如果利物浦当时没有抓住这次机会，它会后悔到疯

掉。无疑，对于有准备打造全球关系的企业来说机会是

巨大的。同样毋庸置疑的是，中国和上海将位于新的世

界经济秩序的中心。

所以，利物浦市议会、“利物浦愿景”公司、利物

浦上海合作局和西北经济发展署“投资”上海世博会以

此帮助企业、教育机构和文化组织接入中国以及国际上

重要的网络。当然，利物浦充当着英格兰西北部地区和

整个英国的一个入口。

另外，来自私营和学术领域的我们主要的赞助者和

伙伴也确信这是我们前进的方向。

在中国，你首先得要表明你在那里有长期的打算，然

后人们才能跟你说：“你已经证明你是我们的朋友，我

们可以和你做生意。”利物浦是参加世博会的唯一的英

国城市并且成为全球被邀参加开幕式的五个城市之一，

这意义非凡，并足以说明我们在上海人心中的地位。

我坚信，我们被选中并非仅仅因为利物浦与上海之

间是姐妹城市。我想，这更多是因为我们在重建利物浦

并使其重返世界舞台的努力中取得的成就，这首先是世

界遗产地的确认，其次是当选欧洲文化之都。

这里，我们不再兜售梦想。我们要谈的是世界经济

面临的残酷的现实。做生意要么走向全球，要么就面临

萎缩。

在上海世博会亮相如同登上世界舞台的中央。以前

我们从未像今天这样展示利物浦。利物浦馆日欢庆活动

如同我们的终场演出，利物浦借此机会展现自己的商业

能力、创意天赋和城市重建的卓越。除了可以让人吃惊

地大叫，我们还有真正深刻和广博的东西向世人展示。

迈克·泰勒是“利物浦愿景”公司副首席执行官，上海世博会利物浦馆创意总监。曾任曼彻斯特格兰纳达电视台总经理和“3-60媒体”执行总监。

Reflecting On Liverpool’s Shanghai Vision by Mike Taylor展望利物浦的“上海愿景” 迈克·泰勒

107

Conductor Vasily Petrenko leads theapplause at Liverpool’s Gala Day concert指挥家瓦西里·彼得连科在利物浦馆日音乐会后带头鼓掌

108

Professor Zhou Hanmin, deputy director of theShanghai Expo, centre joins in the Gala Day funwith Liverpool Lord Mayor Hazel Williams andcity council leader Joe Anderson上海世博会执委会副主任周汉民教授与利物浦市长海泽·威廉姆斯、市议会议长乔·安德森一起参加利物浦馆日庆祝活动

109

IN THE eloquent words of my colleague at Liverpool Vision, Tony O’Neill - the European Capital of Culture Poet 2008 - Liverpool is:

“A city of music, a city of light, a city that knows how to party all night, a city that’s edgy, creative and cool, a leading world city, our city - that’s Liverpool!”

My challenge, therefore, was to encapsulate within the design brief all that is great about this

wonderful city into a 30 minute pavilion experience that was lively, largely unexpected, entertaining, informative and, most importantly, memorable. And do you know what? We did it!

It became apparent very quickly that the Liverpool Pavilion was going to be a big hit in Shanghai, and it was very gratifying for me and the whole of my brilliant team that within a week of the Expo opening its doors we learned that Liverpool was voted the Best Urban Best Practice City Pavilion by visitors during the testing phase.

In my experience, when Liverpool does it well, it does it differently to everyone else in the world. The combination of our interactive games, the truly breathtaking 3D Liverpool Experience and our core business offer delivered a magical portal for our visitors to use on their journey, ‘Harry Potter’ style, in an instant from Shanghai to Liverpool. We should remember that for hundreds of thousands of Chinese visitors, this was probably their only chance to get a glimpse of the truly iconic ‘world city’ that is Liverpool, nestlng in the wider region of north-west England.

The wonderful part about a working day at the Liverpool pavilion was the opportunity to interact with the marvellous people of Shanghai, China and the rest of the world. They arrived at the pavilion excited and with a mindset that said: “Come on Liverpool, show us a great time.” And our response was: “Come on in, let us entertain you!” And we never disappointed! Just ask any one of our 750,000 visitors.

So why was the Liverpool pavilion a huge success? In my view the answer to that question is quite simply that we had on our side so many supporters.

Apart from the business, investment and academic agendas we were keen to promote the tourism attractions of the North West and there was considerable interest in the ‘Golf Coast’, as we call it, and up towards Cumbria, where we highlighted the natural beauty of the Lake District. Essentially though, our focus was to give a boost to the centralised population areas such as Lancashire, Greater Manchester and Greater Merseyside, which were, of course, the heartlands of the Industrial Revolution.

We worked closely with the UK Trade and Industry government agency, which - working with the China Britain Business Council - provided services to help introduce Liverpool and north-west companies to targeted Chinese counterparts. They were truly excellent; organising high quality meetings, offering technical translations of documents, interpreting, and sourcing potential clients.

我在“利物浦愿景”公司的同事、欧洲文化之都

2008年度诗人托尼·欧内尔曾这样意味深长地吟咏利

物浦：“音乐之城，光明之城，一座懂得如何彻夜尽欢的

城市。它悸动，它充满创造力，它酷。这是一座世界的城

市，我们的城市—这就是利物浦！”

所以，我面临的挑战就是要把这座美好的城市所有

伟大之处统统压缩到一个展馆里，供参观者在半个小时

之内体验。这些东西要生动，在很大程度上还要让人感

到出乎意料，要令人愉悦，信息要丰富，最重要的是要

让人过目难忘。你猜怎么着？我们做到了！

显然，利物浦馆很快就开始在上海获得极大成功。

世博会开始刚刚几个星期，我们便获知利物浦馆在试运

行阶段被游客选为“城市最佳实践”。这让我本人还有

我的充满才气的团队非常高兴。

从我的经历看，利物浦表现出色的时候就是它追

求与众不同的时候。我们的互动游戏、刺激的3D电影

《体验利物浦》以及我们核心的商业机会展示，这些为

游客提供了一个魔幻般的入口，让他们可以瞬间完成从

上海穿越到利物浦的“哈利波特”之旅。我们应该记

住，对于千千万万中国游客来说，这可能是他们唯一的

机会可以一瞥深居英格兰的真正的世界一流城市利物浦

的芳容。

在利物浦馆工作一天中最美好的时刻就是有机会能够

与上海以及来自中国其他地区和世界各地的人们进行互

动。这些游客简直太了不起了。他们心中带着一份激动

来到利物浦馆，就是为了告诉我们：“来吧，利物浦！

让我们享受一段美好时光！”而我们的回答就是；“请

进来！让我们给你们带来愉悦！”我们从未让他们失望

过！这随便问一问我们75万游客当中的任何一位便知。

利物浦馆何以取得如此巨大的成功？在我看来，

答案很简单，因为我们有众多的支持者：除了商业、投

资和学术项目，我们还积极对西北部地区的旅游目的

地进行了推介，游客们对我们所称的“高尔夫海岸”

以及坎布里亚郡湖区美丽的自然景观都产生了浓厚的兴

趣。不过，我们的主要目的是要对人口集中的区域进

行大力推介，这包括兰开夏郡、大曼彻斯特、大默西塞

德，这些都是工业革命的中心地带。

我们与英国贸易工业部密切协作。该协会与英中贸

易协会合作，提供服务，帮助向中国有关企业推荐利

物浦及西北地区的公司。他们表现非常出色，组织了高

质量的会议，提供了技术含量很高的文件翻译和口译服

务，并介绍潜在客户。

中国现在是一个全球性市场，但它不是懦夫的市

场。你一旦许诺要在上海和中国出手，那你就不要退

缩，在这里回报与投入成正比。我发现，在中国，生意

上的事情进展很快，但这里依旧不是一个你可以进来之

后立刻达成一笔交易然后转身返回的市场。在中国，这

种路数行不通。成功必须有长久的关系作基础，要想有

成果，有时需要足够的信任。我的经验是，我们的中国

The Liverpool Pavilion Hit The Mark by Philip D Southward利物浦馆夺标菲利普·索斯沃德

110

朋友会很长时间记住你所付出的努力、投资、贡献和承

诺，当然，最重要的是你的谦逊有礼。

利物浦与上海的这种特殊关系就是要在这两个伟大

的城市之间建立一种珍贵的伙伴关系。利物浦的参与为

上海世博会增色就向世界展示了这种关系。

菲利普·索斯沃德供职于西北经济发展署，是该署知识管理

部负责人，任上海世博会利物浦馆运营主管。

This ‘special’ relationship that Liverpool has with Shanghai is building into a very precious partnership between these great cities, demonstrated for the world to see by Liverpool’s value-added presence at World Expo.

Philip D Southward is former head of knowledge management at the Northwest Regional Development Agency and was director of operations of the Liverpool Shanghai Pavilion.

Philip D Southward is former head of knowledge management at the Northwest Regional Development Agency and was director of operations of Liverpoo’sl Shanghai pavilion利物浦馆运营总监菲利普·索斯沃德与负责日常活动幕后策划的技术与运营经理克里斯·海耶斯在上海忙里偷闲

111

Chinese families enjoy the Liverpool Pavilion参观利物浦馆的中国游客

112

LIVERPOOL’S celebration of its participation in the Shanghai Expo was highlighted in a special Gala Day with BBC Radio Merseyside presenter Roger Phillips

as ‘master of ceremonies’, featuring a concert with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Russian maestro Vasily Petrenko.

The event also included a performance by the Pagoda Children’s Orchestra from Liverpool’s Chinese community, with other acts taking part including the pop group Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark; the 1960s comedy group The Scaffold, featuring Mike McCartney - the brother of former Beatle Sir Paul McCartney - poet Roger McGough and songwriter John Gorman; the Wombats and a performance of the Liverpool European Capital of Culture 2008 anthem by the young group Six Toys.

There was also a demonstration of disabled football with the Everton Foundation, which has been working with disabled football clubs in Shanghai for several years.

A presentation of Liverpool’s musical history and heritage by tour guide Steve Binns and heritage expert John Hinchcliffe was accompanied by the Philharmonic Orchestra playing sea shanties and folk songs, tracing the city’s history from its first charter by King John in 1208 to its contemporary and dazzling UNESCO World Heritage -listed waterfront.

Mike Taylor, pavilion creative director for Liverpool at World Expo, said: “The ‘Liverpool Day’ was about Liverpool having a grand finale to showcase our business offer, creative talent and excellence in urban regeneration and to pull together the previous six months.

“Our private sector sponsors worked incredibly hard out there and invited clients and new contacts to enjoy the celebrations. Our presence at the World Expo was very successful with huge interest in our pavilion and Liverpool’s offer.

“This special day helped underline Liverpool’s position as a quality destination for business, tourists and students and cemented our place as the most popular and successful city at Expo.

“All of this was important as we want to deliver much- needed economic growth in the future.”

Liverpool Gala Day Wows The Crowds令人惊叹的利物浦欢庆日

利物浦参加上海世博会活动的高潮是由英国广播公司默西

塞德电台主持人罗格·菲利普斯担任总主持的一场特别的利物

浦馆日欢庆盛典，重头戏是俄罗斯艺术大师瓦西里·彼得连科

指挥的皇家利物浦爱乐乐团音乐会。

利物浦华人社区宝塔儿童管弦乐队也参加了欢庆活动。此

外还有流行音乐组合“夜间音乐行动”和上个世纪六十年代风

靡一时的喜剧组合“断头台”。这个喜剧组合成员包括披头士

乐队成员保罗·麦特卡尼的兄弟迈克·麦特卡尼、诗人罗杰·

麦克高夫和音乐人约翰·高尔曼。“袋熊”乐队也登台献唱。

另外，年轻的音乐组合“六个玩具”演唱了2008年利物浦欧洲

文化之都活动的主题歌。

埃佛顿基金会展示了残疾人足球运动。埃佛顿基金会多年

来一直在与上海残疾人足球俱乐部合作。

庆典上，爱乐乐团奏响了水手号子和民歌。音乐声中，导

游史蒂夫·比恩斯和文化遗产专家约翰·希茨克里夫向观众展

示利物浦的音乐成就和文化遗产，回顾利物浦自八百多年前约

翰国王颁旨建镇到当今水岸景观被联合国教科文组织列入世界

遗产地名录的历史。

上海世博会利物浦馆创意总监迈克·泰勒说：“利物浦馆

日欢庆活动如同我们举办一场盛大的终场演出。利物浦借此机

会展现自己的商业能力、创意天赋和城市重建的卓越，并总结

过去六个月的工作。”

“我们的私人赞助者工作异常勤奋，他们邀请了自己的客

户并发展了新的人脉来参加欢庆活动。我们参加世博会取得了

成功，人们对利物浦馆和利物浦所能提供的机会产生了巨大的

兴趣。”

“这个特殊的日子有助于加深利物浦在人们心中作为高质

量的商业、旅游、求学目的地的印象，并有助于巩固利物浦是

参加世博会最受欢迎、最成功的城市的地位。”

“所有这一切都非常重要，因为我们希望带动盼望已久的

未来的经济增长。”

113

Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra conductor Vasily Petrenko enjoying the

Gala Day concert皇家利物浦爱乐乐团指挥瓦西里·彼得连科在

利物浦馆日音乐会上

114

IT SEEMS almost like a dream now but I was the person who delivered - by hand - Liverpool’s World

Expo bid document to the Shanghai authorities. As the offi cial representative of the Liverpool Shanghai Partnership (LSP) I also dealt with all the ‘Expo’ relations over the entire build up period and coordinated all the meetings between

leading offi cials from both cities. In fact, I also took part in the very fi rst meeting with the

Shanghai Expo Bureau in 2007, along with my former colleague Dr Kerry Brown, who was then the executive director of the LSP. What an incredible journey this has been resulting in the magnifi cent Liverpool pavilion, which was such, a big hit with visitors - and with me.

I can still remember the day in 2009 when we visited the empty site where the pavilion was to be erected. It was an emotional moment as I had only been involved with Liverpool since 2007 when the LSP offi ce was opened in Shanghai. I was given the job of promoting bilateral relations between the two cities across a wide brief.

Only a few months into the job I was asked - in July 2007 - to coordinate a high level Liverpool civic visit to sign a three year ‘memorandum of understanding’ to solidify the new era of commitment between Liverpool and Shanghai. That delegation included the leader of Liverpool City Council and other key representatives from the University of Liverpool, the Mersey Partnership, Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, Liverpool Vision and Everton Football Club, along with Plexus Cotton and Peel.

It was signifi cant that, as well as meeting Shanghai mayor Han Zheng, the delegates met the Shanghai Communist Party secretary Xi Jinping, now China’s Vice President.

Our involvement with the Expo was very challenging but hugely rewarding and I can now see how the previous three years work has actually paid off.

Oliver Hayakawa was the Shanghai director of Liverpool’s pavilion at World Expo and chief representative of the Liverpool Shanghai Partnership.

现在想起来就像一场梦。可是，当初确实是我亲手将利物

浦申请参加世博会的文件交给了上海市负责部门。作为利物浦

上海合作局的官方代表，在整个筹建阶段我都在负责处理有关

世博会各方面的关系，并协调两个城市主要官员之间的会见。

事实上，2007年的时候我还与原来的同事、利物浦上海合

作局执行总监凯利·布朗博士参加了与上海世博局的首次会

议。现在回想起来，这是一次多么难以置信的旅程啊！因为有

了这次旅程，才有了美妙的利物浦馆，利物浦馆才得以打动万

千游客。当然，利物浦馆也打动了我自己。

我现在依然记得2009年参观待建利物浦馆的那块空地的日

子。那是一个让人心动的时刻。2007年利物浦上海合作局成立

的时候，我刚刚开始为利物浦工作。我的工作是在各个方面推

动两个城市间的关系。

这份工作开始刚刚几个月，2007年7月的时候，我便被指

派协调利物浦方面到上海的一次高规格的参访活动。这次访问

双方要签订一个三年的“谅解备忘录”，以此巩固两个城市之

间在新时期的合作。代表团包括利物浦市议会议长和来自利物

浦大学、“默西伙伴”项目、利物浦商会、“利物浦愿景”公

司、埃佛顿足球俱乐部以及普莱克斯棉花贸易公司和皮尔公司

的代表。

这次参访意义重大。不仅上海市长韩正会见了代表团，而

且时任上海市委书记、现国家副主席习近平也会见了代表团。

我们参与世博会的过程极具挑战，但我们同时也收获颇

丰。现在，我看到过去三年的工作终于得到了回报。

奥利佛·早川是上海世博会利物浦馆馆长，利物浦上海合作局驻上海首席代表。

Promoting Liverpool In Shanghai by Oliver Hayakawa在上海推介利物浦奥利佛·早川

Right: A young violinist from the RoyalLiverpool Philharmonic Orchestra plays

for the Shanghai audience右图：皇家利物浦爱乐乐团的一位年轻

小提琴手为上海观众演奏

116

C

M

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

China_Britain_Ad_AW.pdf 15/12/10 15:45:07

117

DR MOHANNED Ahmed is head of project management for Liverpool Vision and was responsible for preparing the site for the city’s magnificent Chinese Arch, a gift from the Shanghai

Municipal Government in 1999, the year the cities twinned.He spent three weeks at the Liverpool pavilion in Shanghai in

late July and early August 2010, as part of the ‘rolling team’ of staff from the UK.

“What an experience. Shanghai exceeded my expectations in terms of the size of its infrastructure, its cleanliness, high quality standard of work and maintenance,” he exclaimed.

“The people are very friendly and helpful and although many don’t speak English it wasn’t a problem to get by.

“The Expo itself is a gigantic experience. I only managed to see a fraction of what is there, but did see the ones I was aiming for.

“A particular highlight of my stay was visiting the observatory in the financial tower at night. It was fascinating for me, as a civil engineer, to see Shanghai far below, looking like a model city and lit up like a Christmas tree as far as the eye can see.

“But, the best part of the visit for me was the company of three young students from Shanghai University who were highly intellectual, generous, gracious and made the whole experience a time to cherish.”

穆罕默德·艾哈迈德博士是“利物浦愿景”公司的

工程管理部门负责人，曾负责该市宏伟的中国拱门的选

址筹备工作。1999年，利物浦与上海结为姐妹城市，这

座拱门就是上海市政府赠送利物浦的礼物。

作为英国参与上海世博会“轮换团队”中的一

员，2010年7月末、8月初，艾哈迈德在利物浦馆度过了

三个星期。

他惊叹：“这经历太棒了！这里基础设施完备，环

境干净整洁，工作和后勤保障的质量水平很高。在这些

方面，上海完全超出了我的预期。”

“这里的人们非常友好，乐于助人。虽然许多人并

不会说英语，但这根本就不是问题。”

“世博会本身就是一次伟大的体验。我仅仅看到了

一部分，但确实看到了我想要看的东西。”

“特别精彩的当属登上金融中心观景台欣赏夜幕中

的上海。置身高塔俯瞰，上海仿佛一座城市模型；极目

远望，万家灯火中，这座城市宛若一棵圣诞树。此番景

象让我这个建筑工程师感到痴迷。”

“这次上海之行最美好的经历莫过于有上海大学三

名年轻的学生陪同。他们有学识，慷慨大方，彬彬有

礼，给我留下一段值得回忆的时光。”

Shanghai - Generous And Gracious上海印象：慷慨大方，彬彬有礼

118

Liverpool Gala Day Wows The Crowds令人惊叹的利物浦欢庆日

The Scaffold comedy group had audiences singing along to their entertaining songs at the Gala Day while below left the audiences enjoy their antics喜剧组合“断头台”在利物浦馆日活动上演唱，台下观众尽享他们滑稽幽默的表演

KLM has long had a strong connection with China and currently directly serves six destinations with scheduled operations from the UK, via its hub, Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. The

summer of 2011 will see KLM expand its Chinese operations further with the launch of a daily fl ight to Xiamen, which is situated on the southern coast in the Fujian province.

UK passengers travelling to China’s main hub airports can take advantage of KLM’s extensive regional departure point network, which provides smooth, seamless travel from the convenience of a local airport. From China’s main hubs, passengers can also then connect to a variety of domestic destinations within the country.

KLM’s continued support of the Chinese fl ight network has seen it launch many fi rsts, including being the fi rst carrier to operate a direct service from Europe to Hangzhou, the capital of the province Zhejiang. Other major routes include Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shanghai and Hong Kong. As a result, KLM not only covers many popular leisure routes, but also offers a crucial business network for UK passengers wishing to further extend their business in China or even set up new business ventures.

The Dutch carrier sees China as one of the most important growth markets and will continue to support the growing needs of the business community. To further help this community and its expansion into China, KLM has established KLM Club China, an online network specifi cally designed for entrepreneurs who are active in the business market. This program facilitates relationships and connects like minded people looking to do business together in this market. As such, it represents an exceptional and unique service on the part of an airline. In establishing KLM Club China, the carrier is offering a valuable platform which stimulates and further strengthens economic ties with China.

荷兰皇家航空公司长期以来与中国保持着紧密的关

系，目前有6条由英国经停其枢纽阿姆斯特丹史基浦机

场飞往中国的定期航班。2011年夏天，荷兰皇家航空公

司将扩大在中国的业务，开始执飞每天到厦门的航班。

荷兰皇家航空公司在英国的执飞点分布广，可以极

大方便前往中国的乘客在当地机场做出出行选择，为

他们提供顺畅、无缝对接的旅行服务。抵达中国枢纽机

场之后，乘客可以顺利转乘中国国内航班前往各自目的

地。

由于荷兰皇家航空长期以来对中国航空运输网络的

支持，它有幸在中国航空运输史上创下了多项第一，比

如，荷兰航空是第一家执飞从欧洲到杭州航线的公司。

荷兰航空执飞中国的其他目的地包括北京、成都、广

州、上海、香港。荷航执飞中国的航线不仅有备受欢迎

的休闲目的地，也有对希望开拓或扩大在华业务的英国

乘客来说非常重要的商业目的地。

荷航视中国为有增长潜力的重要市场，将继续支

持、满足商企界日益增长的需求。为进一步帮助商企界

在华扩大业务，荷兰航空已经成立了荷航中国俱乐部。

这是一个专门为在中国商业活动频繁的企业家打造的一

个网络平台，帮助他们发展关系，结识志同道合、致力

于在中国市场发展的人士。对于一家航空公司来说，这

是一项不同寻常的独特服务。通过成立这个俱乐部，荷

兰航空打造了一个促进、加强与中国经济往来的平台。

KLM’s Presence In China荷兰皇家航空公司在中国的发展

120

in this market. As such, it represents an exceptional and unique service on the part of an airline. In establishing KLM Club China, the carrier is offering a valuable platform which stimulates and further

Flying The Pavilion Flag Behind The Scenes上海世博会上飘扬的利物浦馆旗

THE logistics of running the Liverpool pavilion in far away Shanghai over the six months of the Expo could have turned into a chaotic nightmare, with special

themed months, dozens of exhibitors and hundreds of sponsor representatives from the UK - never mind the visitors.

A total of 40 staff from Liverpool City Council attended the pavilion on a rota - with four on each daily shift. Liverpool Vision also despatched 20 members of staff with another 20 coming from a combination of the Northwest Regional Development Agency, and UK Trade and Industry across the region.

One of the ‘unsung’ heroes of the event was the pavilion’s technical and operations manager Chris Heyes whose job it was to ensure that everything ‘clicked’, every day. Chris - who works for Liverpool Vision - was effectively the site technical director whose job was to ensure that the pavilion was opened up every morning, and shut down every night - for the six months duration of the Expo; as well as being everything else from managing director to human resources manager and head of IT -even at times the janitor.

Enthusiastic teams of English-speaking Chinese students were also drafted in to help from Shanghai University, which has a strong link with the Liverpool Biennial and the Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University in Suzhou.

在遥远的上海举办的世博会为时六个月，利物浦馆每个月

都有不同的主题，还有来自英国的众多参展者和数百名赞助

方代表，因此支持保障工作稍有不慎就有可能带来乱糟糟的恶

梦。更别说还有参观者。

但是由菲利普·索斯沃德和克里斯·海耶斯带领的运营团

队非常自信，认为从英、中两国一些组织挑选出来的利物浦馆

大使和主人一定能够兑现自己的诺言—事实的确如此！

利物浦市议会总共有40人轮流参加展馆的管理工作，每天

有4人轮班上岗。“利物浦愿景”公司也派出20名成员参与工

作，另外还有西北经济发展署和英国贸易工业部的20人。

展馆经理克里斯·海耶斯是众多无名英雄之一。他的工作

是确保每天诸事顺利。克里斯来自“利物浦愿景”，他实际上

还充当着展馆的技术指导，在世博会半年的时间里要确保展馆

每早开放、每晚关闭；他还要负责人事工作，也是IT总监，有

时，他还得看门。

展馆另外一位关键人物是奥利佛·早川。他是利物浦上海

合作局驻上海代表。

此外，还有一群充满激情、能讲英语的中国学生帮忙。他

们来自与利物浦双年展关系密切的上海大学和位于苏州的西交

利物浦大学。

121

122

Victory - Liverpool captain Steven Gerrard lifts the Champions League Cup as his teammates celebrate at the Ataturk Stadium in Istanbul in 2005胜利：2005年，在伊斯坦布尔的阿塔图尔克球场，利物浦足球俱乐部队长杰拉德举起欧洲冠军杯与队友欢庆

123

1878年冬天，利物浦的一个青

年男子“圣经班”组建了“圣多

明哥足球俱乐部”，选择斯坦利公

园的一角作为他们的场地。他们后

来改名为“埃佛顿足球俱乐部”，

并得到富有的酒商约翰·霍丁的资

助。约翰·霍丁的豪华别墅正好可

以俯瞰斯坦利公园。

约翰·霍丁后来在安菲尔德路为

这个俱乐部修建了球场。从此，这个俱乐部逐渐享誉世

界，并很快获得成功，于1891年赢得了联赛冠军。

但是，1892年，霍丁与俱乐部董事会发生了分歧，

埃佛顿俱乐部就此搬到斯坦利公园另一侧，并坚决在古

迪逊公园新建了球场。于是，霍丁另起炉灶，组建了新

的俱乐部—利物浦足球俱乐部，继续在安菲尔德球场踢

球。不过，他当时几乎不知道自己缔造的俱乐部如今会

成为足坛传奇。

从一开始，安菲尔德球场就颇具人气。球场一端有

个巨大的露天看台很出名，被球迷们称为“斯皮温高

地看台”。这个名字是为了纪念南非布尔战争期间在斯

皮温高地战役中（1900年）阵亡或负伤的利物浦籍士

兵。1928年利物浦俱乐部正式承认了这一名称，世界闻

名的“高地派”—利物浦足球俱乐部铁杆球迷的代称—

也随之诞生。

如今，“高地看台”以人声鼎沸闻名。看台上，球迷

们唱响《你永远不会独行》，令人心潮澎湃。这支歌已

经成为利物浦俱乐部的队歌。这首歌曲源于罗杰斯和

哈姆斯特恩的音乐剧《旋转木马》，后来由利物浦歌

手格里·马思顿唱红。

利物浦足球俱乐部至少是利物浦半个城市的生命之

血，吸引了全球数百万支持者。1977年，它成为首先设

立“国际支持者俱乐部”的英国足球俱乐部之一。

比尔·香克利是利物浦队历史上一位鼓舞人心的传

奇式教练。他曾这样描述利物浦队的支持者：“利物浦

的球迷是全场最热情的。这种热情源自内心、历久弥

坚、真切自然。”

利物浦足球俱乐部战绩卓著，长盛不衰，曾获得18

次甲级联赛冠军、5次欧洲杯冠军、3次欧洲联盟杯冠

军、3次英国超级杯冠军、7次英国足总杯冠军和7次英

格兰联赛杯。

1974年，在做了15年“得力助手”之后，鲍勃·佩

斯利接替比尔·香克利成为利物浦队总教练，之后成为

英格兰最成功的足球教练。香克利自1959年执教利物

浦，于1981年去世。佩斯利1983年退休，1996年去世，

但至今依然是唯一带领同一球队获得过三次欧洲杯冠军

的教练。

安德莉·缇特灵顿是利物浦足球俱乐部的重建总监。史蒂芬·顿恩是俱乐部博物馆馆长。

IN THE winter of 1878 a young men’s ‘Bible’ class in Liverpool formed a football team called St Domingo’s Football Club,

choosing a corner of Stanley Park for their pitch. They later changed their name to the Everton Football Club and attracted the support of wealthy brewer John Houlding, who lived in a grand villa overlooking the park.

He built the club a stadium in Anfield Road, which has since become world famous, and soon they became very successful winning the league title in 1891.

However, in 1892, Houlding had an argument with the club’s board of directors and Everton Football Club moved to the other side of Stanley Park defiantly intent on building a new stadium at Goodison Park. Houlding responded by establishing a new club to play in his Anfield stadium - little knowing that he was creating the now fabled Liverpool Football Club.

From the start the Anfield Road stadium was full of atmosphere and notable for a huge open terrace at one end, which became known by the fans as the ‘Spion Kop’. This was in tribute to the locally born soldiers killed or injured in the battle of Spion Kop (1900) during the Boer War in South Africa. In 1928 the club officially recognised the name - and the world-famous ‘Kopites’ were born.

Today the ‘Kop’ is renowned for its deafening noise and the often spine-tingling renditions of what has become the Anfield anthem - ‘You’ll Never Walk Alone’, made famous by Liverpool singer Gerry Marsden but originally from the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Carousel.

Liverpool FC is part of the life-blood of at least half the city of Liverpool, and has a firm hold on many millions of supporters across the globe. In 1977 it was one of the first British clubs to introduce an ‘international supporter’s club’.

Liverpool’s inspirational and legendary manager Bill Shankly perfectly described the Anfield supporters: “The Liverpool crowd is the most enthusiastic in the game. This is a deep-down enthusiasm, deep rooted, genuine and spontaneous.”

Liverpool is a club with a tremendous history of sustained success, with 18 UK league titles, five European Cups, three UEFA (Union of European Football Associations) Cups, three UK Super Cups, seven FA Cups and seven League Cup titles to number amongst the total.

In 1974, after 15 years as his ‘right hand man’ Bob Paisley succeeded fellow Scotsman Bill Shankly - who had run the club since 1959, and died in 1981 - to become the most successful football manager in England. Paisely retired in 1983, and died in 1996, but remains the only man to win three European Cups with one team.

Andreas Titterington is the regeneration director at Liverpool Football Club and Stephen Done is the club’s historical curator.

A City’s Life Blood by Andrea Titterington and Stephen Done一个城市的命脉夏安缇史蒂芬·顿恩

124

A HIGHLIGHT of the Liverpool pavilion at the Shanghai Expo saw thousands of Chinese Liverpool Football Club fans get closer to the club they love. On ‘Liverpool Day’ a group of fans,

including many from the Shanghai Liverpool Supporters Club, spent over five hours at the pavilion gathering signatures on a flag that asks the fabled LFC team to visit China soon. And dressed in their LFC kit, they formed part of the happy crowd at the celebration ‘Gala’ concert in the evening of a day that saw over one million visitors to the Expo. They even persuaded the Leader of Liverpool City Council Joe Anderson, a staunch fan of rival team Everton, and the city’s Lord Mayor Helen Williams to sign their flag petition.

Jessie Lu, of the Shanghai Supporters Club, was also carrying a special flag that carries the slogan: ‘Vast as China Mainland Sky, Long Waited as China Mainland Kop....’ and ‘China-LFC Supporters’ Union.’ This flag has made a marathon journey around China bearing the slogan: ‘Relay Dream - LFC Come to China, Please.’

Since July 2007, Jessie has taken the ‘appeal’ flag to many provinces and cities in China including: Guangdong, Anhui, Liaoning, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi; Zhejiang; Jiangsu; Fujian and Shaanxi, and particularly to the cities of Beijing, Chongqing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Xi’an and Hong Kong. Hundreds of Chinese ‘Kopites’ have signed the flag calling for Liverpool to play in China.

This flag now has a permanent home at Liverpool’s Anfield ground, after it was taken to the UK at the end of the Shanghai Expo by Andrea Titterington, LFC’s regeneration director.

上海世博会上，利物浦馆的一大亮点是让成千上万

的中国利物浦球迷得以贴近他们所深爱的俱乐部。利

物浦馆日当天，包括上海利物浦球迷会在内的众多“利

迷”聚集在馆内，他们花了超过五个小时的时间征集参

观者的签名，以此表达中国“利迷”希望利物浦足球俱

乐部早日造访中国大陆的愿望。傍晚，身着俱乐部球衣

的球迷们加入欢乐的人群观看了庆祝利物浦馆日的音

乐会。当天，世博会参观人数超过百万。这些中国“利

迷”甚至邀请到了埃弗顿铁杆球迷、利物浦市议会议长

乔·安德森和利物浦市长海伦·威廉姆斯在旗帜上签下

了他们的名字。

上海利物浦球迷会的 Jessie Lu 也举着一面特殊的旗

帜，上面写着“中国利迷等待漫漫，如中国的天空一般

浩瀚”和“中国利物浦球迷联合会”等字样。这面旗帜

曾在一场名为“接力梦想——将利物浦带到中国”的马

拉松中走遍了中国各地。

2007年7月27日开始，Jessie Lu带着这面表达心愿的

旗帜行走于中国的许多省市区，其中包括广东、安徽、

辽宁、四川、湖南、广西、浙江、江苏、福建和陕西等

省区以及北京、重庆、天津、上海、深圳、西安、香港

等主要城市。成百上千的中国“利迷”在旗帜上签名，

希望利物浦队到中国一展球技。

上海世博会之后，这面旗帜由利物浦足球俱乐部重

建总监夏安缇带回英国，并被永久存放在利物浦安菲尔

德球场。

Chinese Supporters’ Flag Comes Home中国“利迷”旗帜回家

125

When Bill Shankly addressed the hushed crowds following a UK Football Association (FA) cup final defeat in 1971, he evoked a memorable image as he declared: “Even Chairman Mao has never seen such a show of red strength as I see before me now.”

1971年，利物浦队在英国足总杯决赛中失利。赛后，香克利面对沉默的球迷人群发表感言：“即使毛主席也未曾见过此时我面前这般红色的力量。”此番表白至今令人记忆犹新。

126

The restored Isla Gladstone Conservatory and below, the opening of Stanley Park in June 1870 修复后的格莱斯顿温室外观及内景；斯坦利公园一角；1870年斯坦利公园开放时的景象

127

THE Liverpool Football Club story starts and ends on the green grass of Stanley Park, which opened in June 1870 with a ‘Grand Fancy Fair, Flower Show and Bazaar’, attended by

30,000 people from the city and surrounding districts of Anfi eld and Everton.

The park - with its formal landscapes and fine architeture - was designed by Edward Kemp in an effort by the Liverpool Corporation to improve the environment and life chances for poor people in the city and those living nearby.

That same year the Gladstone Conservatory was erected in the park to house exotic plants being brought to Britain by intrepid Victorian plant hunters. It was named after the Liverpool born prime minister William Gladstone.

Today after years of decline Liverpool City Council and Liverpool Football Club have magnificently restored the park and its historic conservatory in a cooperative regeneration project.

The conservatory has been re-named after Isla Gladstone (1905-87), the wife of the prime minister’s grandson, Charles. Isla designed and hand-printed fabrics often inspired by plants and flowers, and some of her designs are used in glass and marble to enhance the newly restored building, which also features a bistro and hospitality venue.

Indeed, Isla’s ‘Liver Birds in Confrontation’ design seems to perfectly capture the symbolic battle between the two great football clubs that both sprung from the same ‘root stock’ and from the same playing field in Stanley Park.

斯坦利公园的绿茵场见证了一部完整的利物浦足球俱

乐部的历史。斯坦利公园于1870年6月开放，当时举办了

一个集义卖会、鲜花展和集市于一体的盛大活动，有来

自利物浦市和附近安菲尔德和埃佛顿地区的3万人参加。

公园由爱德华·坎普设计，风景典雅标致，建筑精

美，是利物浦公司为改善城市贫民以及附近居民的生活

环境和条件而建的。

同年，格莱斯顿温室在公园内建成。温室用来养育维

多利亚时期那些勇敢的植物标本采集者带回英国的外来植

物。温室的名字取自利物浦出生的首相威廉·格莱斯顿。

今天，在经历了多年的沉寂之后，利物浦市议会和

利物浦足球俱乐部已经通过一项重建合作项目让斯坦利

公园和这个历史上有名的温室重获昔日风采。

现在，这个温室已经根据格莱斯顿首相孙子查尔斯

之妻伊萨拉·格莱斯顿（1905-1987）的名字重新命

名。伊萨拉设计和手染的织物灵感往往来自花草树木。

她的一些设计也被用在了玻璃和大理石制品上，以此来

推广这座重新恢复的温室。现在，温室里开办了一个小

咖啡馆，成为一个让人感觉宾至如归的地方。

实际上，伊萨拉设计的“对峙中的利物鸟”似乎完

美地捕捉到了本是同根生并且同在斯坦利公园绿茵踢球

的两个伟大球队之间象征性的博弈。

Th e Fields Of Anfi eld Road安菲尔德路的球场

Top: ‘Liver Birds in Confrontation’ by Isla Margaret Gladstone伊萨拉·格莱斯顿设计的“对峙中的利物鸟”

Right: Liverpool FC manager Bob Paisley celebrates at the close of the 1980-81 season右图：利物浦足球俱乐部教练鲍勃·佩斯利庆祝1980-1981赛季结束

128

THE Reds, the nickname for the famous Liverpool Football Club, have supported the building of a Habitat for Humanity home in China. It is the first cooperative venture between Habitat

for Humanity and a UK premier league football club. LFC funded the special ‘Liverpool Build’ project which was undertaken by business leaders and volunteers who were attending the Shanghai Expo.

The building project took place in the outskirts of Shanghai on October 15th; the day before Liverpool Day - the grand finale to the city’s six-month involvement at the World Expo in Shanghai.

The ‘building event’ was facilitated by the regeneration company Liverpool Vision, whose chairman Mike Parker has extensive experience of Habitat for Humanity from his time as CEO of the Dow Chemical Company.

As well as bringing together the twinned port cities of Shanghai and Liverpool, the event joined two members of the Habitat global family. It was organised by the Chinese arm of Habitat for Humanity, based in Shanghai, in association with the worldwide housing charity’s UK and Liverpool affiliate.

Up to 20 volunteers from the Liverpool and the surrounding business community helped build a new home for 57-year-old Ding Amao and his 85-year-old mother Chen Gengen. Their existing house was built in 1975 with wood beams, mud bricks and a tile roof.

“红军”利物浦足球俱乐部已成为仁人家园在中国

危房改造活动的支持者。作为首家与仁人家园合作的

英超足球俱乐部，利物浦足球俱乐部出资赞助了一项名

为“利物浦建”的改造项目。这一项目由参与上海世博

会的商业领袖和志愿者承担执行。

危房改造活动于10月15日，即上海世博会利物浦馆

日的前一天，在上海郊区启动。利物浦馆日是利物浦参

与上海世博会6个月的压轴庆典活动。

这一改造项目得到了利物浦愿景公司的支持。该公

司主席迈克·派克先生在担任陶氏化学首席执行官时与

仁人家园颇有交往。

该项目不仅再次让上海和利物浦这两座姐妹港口城

市走到一起，同时也使仁人家园全球大家庭的两位成员

得到一个宝贵的合作机会：本次活动由中华仁人家园与

仁人家园在英国利物浦的分支机构联手组织。

来自利物浦和周边商业社区的一行20名志愿者帮助

丁阿毛改造了他摇摇欲坠的老房子。今年57岁的丁阿毛

与他85岁的老母亲生活在一起。他们的老房子建于1975

年，为砖木结构瓦房。

Building A Home From Home筑造安乐窝

130

埃佛顿基金会是独立注册的慈善组织。2006年，上

海残疾人联合会访问英国，考察一些残疾人项目。由

此，我们开始了与上海的往来。

基金会与埃佛顿足球俱乐部关系紧密，在基层社区开展

包括关注精神健康和残障问题的项目和活动。

该项目于2007年开始实施。埃佛顿基金会两名教练

访问上海，展开一系列活动，其中包括在上海22所特殊

学校里提供免费的教练指导和体育训练项目。

每所特殊学校都免费得到了足球、球衣等，这样学

校老师得以在午饭等其他课余时间让学生们继续踢球。

作为该项目的伙伴之一，曼彻斯特城市大学对项目进行

了开创性的研究，结果表明，96.7%参加这一项目的残疾孩子

的球技有所进步；98.6%的孩子的自信和自尊得到了提高。

埃佛顿的教练们还要举办夏令营，而营员既有这些

残疾孩子，也有来自中国各地、父母是乐购公司员工的

普通孩子。这种包容式的活动打破了对于残疾人的障碍

以及关于他们的负面成见，帮助残疾人融入社会，可谓

作用奇妙而有力。

在我们的合作伙伴上海市残疾人联合会和乐购公司

的支持下，许多残疾人得到了培训机会，并进入乐购的

上海店铺工作。

世博会利物浦馆日活动展示了上海与默西郡的两个

残疾人项目的成果。

史蒂夫·约翰逊是英国埃佛顿基金会首席执行官和残疾人项目总监。21岁，身为球员的史蒂夫·约翰逊在事故中失去一条腿，但他后来成为英格兰肢残足球队队员并获得过三次世界杯决赛的奖牌。1999年，他被评选为年度世界优秀肢残足球运动员，并于2008年入选“足球名人堂”。另外，史蒂夫·约翰逊曾参加1992年和1996年残奥会排球比赛。他曾供职于英格兰体育联合会，2002年加入埃佛顿。

THE Everton Foundation is an independent registered charity and our involvement with Shanghai began in 2006, when a

delegation of the Shanghai Disabled Persons Federation visited the UK to look at several disability projects across the country.

The foundation is linked to Everton Football Club, and operates a range of grass roots community-based initiatives including

mental health and disability issues.The project began in 2007 with two Everton Foundation coaches

travelling to Shanghai with several key aims, including the provision of a free coaching and physical activity programme in the 22 special schools across the city.

Manchester Metropolitan University, one of the project partners, has carried out groundbreaking research, which showed that 96.7% of the disabled children taking part improved their football skills and 98.6% saw their self-confidence and self-esteem rise.

In the summer the Everton coaches ran inclusive soccer camps for disabled children and the non-disabled children of Tesco employees in various cities around China. This was a fantastic and powerful way of breaking down barriers and negative stereotyped attitudes about disabled people as well as integrating disabled people into everyday China society.

At the World Expo the two disability projects from Shanghai and Merseyside were showcased during Liverpool’s special ‘Gala Day’.

Steve Johnson is the chief executive officer and disability manager for the Everton Foundation based in Liverpool, UK.

Everton Foundation Helps Build Self - Confidence In Shanghai by Steve Johnson埃佛顿基金会帮助上海残障人士建立自信史蒂夫·约翰逊

131

TWO million soldiers were bogged down in a stalemate just two years after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. The battleground was over Korea. It meant

relations between China and Britain were hostile and frozen. But former Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai was quietly laying plans to try and enable trade relations. In May 1952, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) was formed. Today it is the most important and the largest institution for the promotion of foreign trade in China.

There were also Britons such as Dr. Joseph Needham, Professor Joan Robinson, an economist at Cambridge University, and London businessman Jack Perry, who felt that an isolated China was not in the long term British interests. Dr. Needham knew China well and he had formed a friendship with Zhou Enlai in 1943 whilst Britain was helping the Chinese people resist the Japanese invasion of China.

Through his research and writing on China Joseph Needham radically changed the way scholars and scientists evaluate the history of Chinese culture. His unrivalled published works ‘Science and Civilisation in China’ are regarded as the definitive analysis of the Chinese impact on the world.

Cambridge University Press has published this astonishing intellectual ‘tour de force’ continuously since 1954 with 24 volumes published so far, more than a dozen written personally by Needham - who died in 1995 - and later by an international team of specially chosen collaborators.

In 1985 the Duke of Edinburgh opened the Needham Research Institute in Cambridge, which is home to the East Asian History of Science Library.

1949年中华人民共和国成立后刚刚两年，两百万士

兵陷入了僵持的困境。战场是在朝鲜。这意味着中英两

国的关系敌对冰冷。但是，当时的中国总理周恩来却从

容地定下了尝试开展贸易关系的计划。1952年5月，中

国国际贸易促进会成立。如今，它是中国推动对外贸易

最重要的也是最大的机构。

当时也有李约瑟博士、剑桥大学经济学家琼·罗宾

逊教授和伦敦企业家杰克·佩里这样的英国人，他们感

到孤立的中国不符合英国的长远利益。李约瑟博士非常

了解中国，早在1943年，英国帮助中国抗日的时候，他

就和周恩来建立了友谊。

英国学者李约瑟通过研究与写作彻底改变了学术界

和科学界评价中国文明史的方式。他撰写的《中国的科

学与文明》（即《中国科学技术史》）一书分析了中国

对世界所产生的影响，被认为是一部权威之作。

自1954年开始，剑桥大学出版社陆续出版这部学术

杰作，至今已出版24册，其中十数册为李约瑟本人亲自

撰写。李约瑟于1995年辞世，之后这部著作由一个专门

挑选出来的国际协作团队续写。

1985年，爱丁堡公爵在剑桥大学设立了李约瑟研究

所，研究所下设东亚科技史图书馆。

Science And Civilisation In China中国的科学与文明

Left: Premier Zhou Enlai with Dr. Joseph Needham at the Zhongnanhai in Beijing on2 October 1964左图：1964年10月2日周恩来总理在中南海亲切接见李约瑟博士

Right: The Liverpool Gala Day begins with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra

conducted by Vasily Petrenko右图：上海世博会利物浦馆日活动在皇家

利物浦爱乐乐团的乐曲声中开始。瓦西里·彼得连科是这场演出的指挥

Striking The Right Note In Shanghai

The highly regarded Russian conductor Vasily Petrenko was delighted that his first-ever performance in China took place in Shanghai, as part of the Liverpool musical gala day to mark the end of the city’s participation in World Expo.

He was leading the distinguished Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra on its own debut in China, on a six day tour that included Shanghai and the Beijing Music Festival, a cultural high spot between China and the West.

The keynote event of the Shanghai dates was the ‘Gala Day’ Expo concert called ‘Liverpool Wondrous Place’ with the orchestra playing a medley of Beatles tunes and performances by pop band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, comedy trio the Scaffold and the Liverpool Pagoda Children’s Orchestra led by Li Kui Hsiung.

As part of the Beijing Music Festival, founded 13 years ago by the eminent conductor Yu Long, Petrenko and the orchestra performed in the popular Forbidden City Concert Hall in the grounds of Zhongshan Park.

音符，相约上海

备受赞誉的俄罗斯指挥家瓦西里·彼得连科因为能够在上海举行自己在中国的首场演出非常高兴。这场演出是上海世博会利物浦馆欢庆日活动的一项内容，犹如利物浦参加世博会的谢幕表演。

瓦西里·彼得连科指挥的是皇家利物浦爱乐乐团。这也是该乐团在中国的首演。皇家利物浦爱乐乐团此次中国之行共六天，除了上海，还要参加北京音乐节的演出。北京音乐节是中西方文化交流的一项重要活动。

利物浦在上海世博会最主要的一个活动就是名为“奇妙之地利物浦”的音乐会。爱乐乐团表演了披头士乐队的集成曲，流行音乐组合“夜间音乐行动”、喜剧三人组合“断头台”和廖桂雄率领的利物浦华人社区“百祥塔儿童乐队”也表演了节目。

在北京音乐节上，彼得连科率皇家利物浦爱乐乐团在毗邻故宫的中山公园音乐堂演出。北京音乐节13年前由著名指挥家于龙倡议创办。

133

Chapter 8 - Links Across The Globe第八章跨越全球的关系

135135

中英合作办学的西交利物浦大学于2006年5月经中国教育

部批准成立。

学校位于距离上海约90公里的世界遗产地苏州市，坐落于

中国新加坡工业园区内的高等教育区。中新工业园区是亚洲最

成功的工业园，是外商投资的中心，这里吸引了3300家国际企

业，包括“财富500强”企业77家。

2006年开办之初，西交利物浦大学只招收了164名学生，

且全部来自江苏省。但随着知名度的提高，2010年有1700多名

学生报考该校。

西交利物浦大学的首批学生于2010年8月毕业。同月，

上海世博会利物浦馆也为此特意在其月度主题活动“知识界”

中举行了一个特殊的仪式。

西交利物浦大学执行副校长席酉民教授说：“这次毕业典

礼是一次具有历史意义的事情，因为这是中英合作办学的毕业

生首次在中国同时获得中英两国文凭。”

利物浦大学副校长霍华德·纽拜爵士说：“这些学生从真

正的国际教育中受益。我们如今生活在一个全球化、文化多元

和种族融合的世界。在西交利物浦大学所受的教育为他们走进

这样一个世界做好了准备。这些学生已经具备了世界公民应有

的意识。”

在利物浦馆举行的特殊毕业典礼上，皮尔公司董事长约

翰·惠特泰克和上海世博局副局长周汉民教授被授予了荣誉学

位。

西交利物浦大学集中英两所各有100多年历史的著名学府

的优势于一身。西安交通大学在中国高校排名位于前十位。作

为荟萃英国一流研究型高校的罗素大学集团的成员，利物浦大

学在中国享有盛名。

在西交利物浦大学的支持下，利物浦大学可为自己的学生

提供在中新工业园区企业工作一年的机会。

中国教育部把西交利物浦大学视为国际高等教育的一个崭

新模式，认为这一模式使中国学生有机会体验最好的中西教

育。中国传统治学理念既注重个人发展也强调社会责任意识的

培养，西方教育则关注学生解决问题的能力，主张自主研究。

西交利物浦大学的教学战略则正是将二者融为一体。

THE joint venture Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU) was established in May 2006, with permission from the Chinese Education Ministry.

It is located in the World Heritage city of Suzhou, some 90 km west of Shanghai, and is based in the Higher Education Town in Suzhou Singapore Industrial Park (SIP), one of Asia’s most successful business parks and a hub for foreign investors, attracting 3300 international organisations, including 77 ‘Fortune 500’ companies.

In 2006, just 164 students - from Jiangsu province - were admitted to the university and its growing popularity saw over 1700 new students admitted in September (2010).

The first graduates came in August 2010 when a special ceremony was also held at the Liverpool Pavilion in the ‘knowledge sector’ event at Shanghai Expo, one of the pavilion’s six monthly themes.

Professor Youmin Xi, Executive Vice-President of XJTLU, commented: “The ceremony was an historic event as it was the first time that students anywhere in China graduated from a Sino-UK university with both Chinese and British degrees.”

During the Liverpool pavilion graduation ceremony honorary degrees were also conferred on John Whittaker, chairman of Peel Holdings, and Professor Zhou Hanmin, deputy director of Shanghai Expo.

One of XJTLU’s key features is that it combines two famous universities in China and the UK, each with more than 100 years of history. Xi’an Jiaotong is one of the top 10 universities in China and Liverpool - a member of the Russell Group of leading research-intensive institutions in the UK - is highly regarded in China.

Supported by XJTLU, the University of Liverpool offers industrial placements to its students, enabling them to spend a year working at an organisation based at SIP.

The Chinese Education Ministry views XJTLU as a new international model for higher education that gives thousands of Chinese students the opportunity to experience the best of Chinese and western styles of learning. Its teaching strategy blends the emphasis on personal development and social responsibility that is intrinsic to learning in China with the problem-solving and active learning elements of a western education.

Th e Knowledge Bridge知识之桥

Left: Professor Youmin Xi, executive vice-president of Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University on the campus at Suzhou左图：西交利物浦大学执行副校长席酉民教授

136

The official opening of the Confucius Institute in the University of Liverpool on October 23rd 2009 by Madam Lin Wenyi, vice-chairman of China’s People’s Political Consultative Conference, with the university’s vice-chancellor Sir Professor Howard Newby2009年10月23日，中国全国政协副主席林文漪女士与利物浦大学副校长霍华德·纽拜爵士、教授在利物浦大学孔子学院揭幕仪式上与利物浦当地学生合影

137

THE importance that the Chinese government places on the global Confucius Institute network was confirmed when top official Madam Lin Wenyi - Vice-Chairman of the 11th National

Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference - officially opened the University of Liverpool’s Confucius Institute in October 2009.

Its role is to teach Chinese, promote the understanding of Chinese culture and act as a hub for the Liverpool city region’s growing relationships with China, working closely with local schools, businesses and the community. Among the 12 Confucius Institutes in the UK, Liverpool is regarded highly.

Founded on the university’s existing base of Chinese language teaching, the institute is based in the university’s Management School, and benefits from a dedicated resource area - including a library - in the university’s Centre for Lifelong Learning.

The institute is a partnership between the University of Liverpool the Office of Chinese Language Council International (Hanban) and Xi’an Jiaotong University.

Professor Michael Hoey the University of Liverpool’s pro-vice-chancellor for internationalisation and director of the Liverpool Confucius Institute believes that its links with the joint Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University campus makes it unique.

2009年10月，利物浦大学孔子学院正式成立。中国

全国政协副主席林文漪女士专程为孔子学院揭幕。这充

分说明了中国政府对在全球推广孔子学院的重视。

利物浦孔子学院负责教授汉语、促进对中国文化的

了解，并充当推动中国与利物浦关系的中枢，联系当地

学校、商界和社区。在英国所有12家孔子学院中，利物

浦孔子学院口碑很高。

利物浦孔子学院的基础是利物浦大学原有的汉语专

业，依托于利物浦大学管理学院，分享该校终身教育中

心的专有教学资源，其中包括一座图书馆。

孔子学院是利物浦大学、中国汉办和西安交通大学

合作的结晶。

利物浦大学负责国际合作的副校长、利物浦孔子学

院院长迈克尔·霍伊教授认为与西交利物浦大学的关系

使利物浦孔子学院别具特色。

Liverpool Confucius Institute利物浦孔子学院

我的中国经历只有大约十年的光景，但这十年留下了太多

的回忆，令人激动。

在这十年中，我有幸与西安交通大学王建华教授共同推动

在苏州成立了西交利物浦大学，这成为中国两个类似高等教育

机构之一，也是唯一可能同时颁发中、英两国学历的中国教育

机构。英国方面的证书由利物浦大学颁发。

当然，还有我与普莱克斯棉花贸易公司董事长尼克·伊尔

兰姆先生成立的“利物浦上海合作局”。2010年上海世界博览

会上的利物浦馆就是这一机制的产物。在此期间，我多次访问

中国，并在英国与时任首相托尼·布莱尔等政要会见中国代表

团，促进高等教育和经贸合作。

某种意义上说，我的经历就是一个范例：在过去的十年

里，英中关系迅速发展，值得我们全力以赴去投入。

这十年就是一部建立关系的历史，也是随着时间的推移大

家逐渐找到实现共赢的基点的过程。虽然有必要让彼此之间

的活动保持一定的密度，但是耐心也同样重要，双方需要发

展信任。或许“耐心”这个表述并不恰当。其实，更多的是

要接受一些与我们在英国的习惯相比不大明确的事情。但是

只要你信任别人，别人也信任你，那事情就会向你想要的方

向发展。当然，在中国只要任何项目开始了，其步伐绝非我

们在英国的习惯所能适应—快，非常快！

中国不仅仅是一个大国、一个迅速发展的经济体。它还有

着悠久的文明史，或许这才是我们有时会忘记但却是必须牢记

的关键。

德拉蒙德·伯恩爵士、教授担任利物浦大学副校长直至2008年，是48家集团俱乐部会员，皇家艺术协会会员和拜伦协会副会长。

A Decade In China’s Long History by Professor Sir Drummond Bone十年，中国悠久历史的一瞬德拉蒙德·伯恩爵士

138

Right: Students from Xi’an Jaotong-Liverpool University acted as guides and interpreters for

Chinese visitors at the Liverpool pavilion during the Shanghai Expo

右图：上海世博会期间，西交利物浦大学的学生在利物浦馆为中国游客提供导游和翻译服务

MY CHINA experience goes back only about ten years or so, but it’s been a pretty intensive and

exciting ten years.I was delighted, with Professor

Wang of Xi’an Jaotong University, to set up the joint Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University in Suzhou, one of only two similar institutions in China,

and the only one offering Chinese degrees as well as the possibility of UK degrees - in our case from the University of Liverpool.

There was also the Liverpool-Shanghai Partnership - which I set up with Nick Earlam of Plexus Cotton - which delivered the Liverpool pavilion at Shanghai Expo 2010. And, in between, there’s been various visits to China and meeting delegations in the UK with government ministers, and, indeed, the then UK prime minister Tony Blair, to promote British higher education and trade generally.

In some sense my experience is a paradigm - the UK-China relationship has been growing at a huge rate over these ten years - and it’s worth all the effort that we can put into it.

It’s been a history of building relationships and then of gently and over time working out where all parties stand to gain. Although it’s necessary to keep the intensity of activity going, it’s also important to have patience - and to develop trust on both sides. Perhaps ‘patience’ is the wrong word - it’s more about accepting that things will be slightly fuzzier than we are used to in the UK. But, if you trust the people and they trust you things will happen as intended - and, of course, when any kind of construction starts to happen it happens at a pace we are definitely not used to here - fast, very fast.

China is not only a massive country and rapidly growing economy it’s also a civilisation with a long history - maybe that’s the key thing we sometimes forget here and the very thing we need to remember.

Professor Sir Drummond Bone MA, was vice-chancellor of the University of Liverpool until 2008. He is a fellow of the 48 Group Club, a fellow of the Royal Society of Arts and vice - president of the Byron Society.

WHEN I recall my childhood in China it is full of memories of reading such intoxicating books by the Bronte sisters

such as ‘Jane Eyre’ and ‘Wuthering Heights’ which I could barely put down. I have also watched the movies of ‘Jane Eyre’ countless times and can almost recite many of the lines by heart.

I could never have imagined back in my homeland that one day I would live close to the

home of Emily and Charlotte Bronte in Yorkshire.Now more than ten years of living and studying in the UK has

greatly helped my understanding of British culture. During my studies, research and involvement with many seminars, I have learned a lot about teaching in the west. These experiences laid a solid foundation for my work with the Confucius Institute at the University of Liverpool.

In 2008 I started working at the University of Liverpool’s Centre of Life Long Learning educational development division. A year later a Confucius Institute was established in Liverpool, where I am now working. Here I coordinate Chinese language training and Chinese culture programmes. I also act as an external panel member for the major modification to the BA’s in Chinese Studies & Business and English & Chinese Studies of Edge Hill University.

When I was first studying in the UK I worked part time as a tour guide and translator for senior officials from academic, political and corporate organisations in China. Such visits, focusing on cultural tourism, also enriched my experience and knowledge of Britain.

Once the Confucius Institute was officially established in October 2009 it started to be involved in a lot of work for the Shanghai World Expo 2010 where Liverpool was the only UK city officially involved. Part of my work involved training 62 student ambassadors who been selected from 31 secondary schools in Liverpool to work in the Liverpool pavilion at the Shanghai World Expo. I taught them, and more than 20 officials attending the Expo as well as teachers and nearly 100 parents of students, about China and Chinese culture.

We also trained dozens of Liverpool City Council officials, local business people, museum officials and others in the heritage sector, as well as journalists covering the Expo.

I really feel very fortunate that I was involved in this work as I not only met the students and adults who were keen to visit China but also because I feel that by introducing so many people to the Chinese language and culture, more and more British friends have started to love Chinese culture and to learn the language.

The Lure Of Literature And Learning by Chen Qing文学和学习的魅力陈青

回想起来，在我少年时代起就如痴如醉的喜欢勃朗

特三姐妹的作品，对《简爱》，《呼啸山庄》等爱不释

手。《简爱》的电影更是看了无数遍，对里边的许多台

词更是耳熟能详。

不可思议的是多年后，我竟就住在艾米丽和夏洛特

勃朗特三姐妹的故乡约克郡附近。

来英十几年的学习和生活极大地帮助了我对英国文

化的了解，读书及研究期间的大量的讲座及观摩实践

让我意识到西方的教学方式方法有很多值得我学习的地

方，这极大地提高了我的教学思路，为我如今在利物浦

孔院的工作打下了扎实的基础。

2008年我开始在利物浦大学教育学院高等教育发展

部工作，一年后利物浦孔子学院成立，我的工作重心开

始侧重于中国文化和汉语语言培训。同时我还兼任爱基

希尔大学汉语专业的外校评审。

在我读书期间我就开始为中国来英的中国学术和政

商界官员做导游和翻译，这期间的公司访问和文化旅游

丰富了我的阅历和对英国文化的了解，为我日后的文化

课讲座提供了更充实的材料，特别是在做东西方文化对

比方面的讲座时让我如鱼得水。

我所工作的利物浦大学孔子学院在2009年10月成立

一开始，就参与许多为上海2010年世博会而工作的机

会，利物浦也是英国唯一正式参与上海世博会的英国城

市。我的部分工作涉及培训62名学生大使，他们是从利

物浦31所中学选出的到上海世博会为利物浦馆工作的，

另外还有20多名带队官员和教师，近百位学生大使的家

长也参加了语言和文化培训。

我们也培训了几十位赴上海世博会的利物浦市政厅

官员，地方商界人士，博物馆官员，其他诸如英国历史

文化遗产保护委员会工作人员及新闻工作者等。

我真的觉得自己很幸运，我所从事的工作不仅仅让

我结识许多想去中国访问的学生和成人，也感到向如此

多的英国人介绍中国的语言和文化，使越来越多的英国

朋友

开始喜欢上中国文化并开始学习中国语言使我更加

感到荣幸。

陈青博士是英国利物浦大学孔子学院商务及语言培训经理。她出生在中国东北辽宁省沈阳市，祖籍是中国南方的广西壮族自治区玉林。在英国获得教育硕士和博士学位。

Dr Chen Qing is the business and language training manager at the Confucius Institute in the University of Liverpool. She was born in Shenyang in China’s north east province of Liaoning province, and her family origins are in Yulin of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. In the UK she studied at the University of Manchester, earning a Master of Education degree and completed a PhD at the University of Huddersfield.

140

FEW westerners might select the monumental Chinese dictionary Cihai - Sea of Words - as their reading matter

of choice on a desert island. Yet, it seems a perfectly natural request from Dr Frances Wood, who is curator of the Chinese collections at the British Library.

She read Chinese at Cambridge, did a PhD in Chinese architecture at London University,

and spent a year in China from 1975 to 1976 as a British Council exchange student at Peking University.

Born in London in the late 1940s she has written a series of acclaimed books about China, including ‘Did Marco Polo Go To China?’ along with ‘The Silk Road’, ‘The First Emperor’, and ‘The Lure of China’, which examines the fascination China has long held for writers around the world.

Her memoir ‘Hand-Grenade Practice in Peking: My Part In the Cultural Revolution’ - published in 2000 - is an insightful reflection on her student days in China, peppered with entertaining anecdotes about using hand grenades during sporting activities in the university, storing cabbages for the winter and planting rice seedlings.

When she appeared on BBC radio’s fabled ‘Desert Island Discs’ programme she talked enthusiastically about China being ‘a bottomless pit of interesting stuff’ - as well as asking for the Cihai - and recalled Shanghai when Pudong was marshland while the clock on the Customs House on the Bund blasted out ‘The East Is Red’ every day.

Dr Wood acknowledges the astonishing changes in Shanghai - and China overall - but observes that the ‘China immemorial’ still exists if one goes out into the rural areas.

Her stories from those days immersed in daily life China are often extremely witty and she self-effacingly relates how the Chinese were obliged to cope with a ‘shambolic group of English students’.

Shambolic then, perhaps, but over subsequent decades Dr Wood has become one of the UK’s most knowledgeable - and passionate - foreign experts on Chinese culture and history, a subject that she still finds endlessly fascinating.

很少有西方人会选择巨大的的中国字典辞海--词的

海洋--作为他们在荒岛上的首选阅读书籍。然而，弗

朗西斯伍德博士，大英图书馆中文藏书部主任就会自然

而然的选择辞海作为她的首选。

她曾在剑桥大学学习中文，在伦敦大学获得中国建

筑学博士学位，并从1975年至1976年花了一年时间作为

英国文化协会的交换生到北大学习。

弗朗西斯40年代末出生在伦敦，她写了一系列广受

好评的关于中国的丛书，包括“马可波罗是否去过中

国？”，“丝绸之路”，“秦始皇”，和“魅力中国”

等，显示出长期以来世界各地的作家们对中国的极大兴

趣。

她的回忆录，“在北京练习投弹：我在文化大革命

中的角色”（又名“留学北京”）于2000年出版，是写

有关她在中国的学生生活，全书细数了她在大学期间的

许多趣事，如体育活动时练习投手榴弹，储存过冬大白

菜，学习插秧等。

当她出现在英国广播公司电台著名节目“荒岛唱

片”，她充满激情地谈到中国是一个“有趣的无底洞”

--就像辞海一样。回忆上海时，她记得浦东是沼泽

地，在外滩海关大楼的时钟每一天都响彻“东方红”的

乐曲。

伍德博士感叹上海的惊人变化，与全中国一样，但

指出如果到中国的乡间走一趟，“古老的中国”依然存

在。

她书中写的那些在中国生活的故事往往非常有趣，

有诙谐有自嘲，也谈到中国人是怎样不得不应付他们这

群散漫的英国学生。

那时是有些散漫，或许，但在几十年后伍德博士已

成为英国最有知识有激情的中国文化和历史专家之一

时，她仍一如既往的迷恋中国文化。

A Passion For Chinese Culture对中国文化的热爱

141

143

我的中国经历只有大约十年的光景，但这十年留下了太多

的回忆，令人激动。

在这十年中，我有幸与西安交通大学王建华教授共同推动

在苏州成立了西交利物浦大学，这成为中国两个类似高等教育

机构之一，也是唯一可能同时颁发中、英两国学历的中国教育

机构。英国方面的证书由利物浦大学颁发。

当然，还有我与普莱克斯棉花贸易公司董事长尼克·伊尔

兰姆先生成立的“利物浦上海合作局”。2010年上海世界博览

会上的利物浦馆就是这一机制的产物。在此期间，我多次访问

中国，并在英国与时任首相托尼·布莱尔等政要会见中国代表

团，促进高等教育和经贸合作。

某种意义上说，我的经历就是一个范例：在过去的十年

里，英中关系迅速发展，值得我们全力以赴去投入。

这十年就是一部建立关系的历史，也是随着时间的推移大

家逐渐找到实现共赢的基点的过程。虽然有必要让彼此之间

的活动保持一定的密度，但是耐心也同样重要，双方需要发

展信任。或许“耐心”这个表述并不恰当。其实，更多的是

要接受一些与我们在英国的习惯相比不大明确的事情。但是

只要你信任别人，别人也信任你，那事情就会向你想要的方

向发展。当然，在中国只要任何项目开始了，其步伐绝非我们

在英国的习惯所能适应—快，非常快！

当然，这部历史里也充满了个人的故事，伴随着不断增进

的理解。比如，有时是误以为自己是在周末乘车上班，但实际

上确非如此。还有适应这里食物的问题。我的建议是深呼吸，

然后去享受。

总会收到迷人的礼物，但这有时会让自己坐飞机时的随身

行李超出限度；还有时间很长、让人高兴的午餐，超正式的会

见。毫无疑问，我在礼仪上的失误是少不了的，但每每是主人

出于礼貌而不会告诉我。

中国不仅仅是一个大国、一个迅速发展的经济体。它还有

着悠久的文明史，或许这才是我们有时会忘记但却是必须牢记

的关键。

德拉蒙德·伯恩爵士、教授担任利物浦大学副校长直至2008年，是48家集团俱乐部会员，皇家艺术协会会员和拜伦协会副会长。

APPROPRIATELY enough, my love story with the UK began when I landed in Heathrow with my

British husband on Valentine’s Day in 1993. Fortunately, both relationships have endured and deepened over the last 18 years.

Starting a new life in a completely new country was challenging. However,

with youth came courage and enthusiasm, I quickly immersed myself in British culture both professionally and socially. My first job was for a tourism company representing the British Turks and Caicos Islands, an apprenticeship which lasted 5 years.

Next, I ‘kicked off’ a three-year career with Tottenham Hotspur Football Club, a bastion of British culture, to hone my marketing skills. In the world of behind-the-scenes football, I relished my time at ‘Spurs’, absorbing the passion and commitment that football clubs inspire in their fans. I discovered many of the marketing and business crafts that contribute to Britain’s strong commercial position, and have developed my own passion for this field. At the same time, I was also given the opportunity to make the most of the youth culture that I yearned for as a staid teenager in China. Along with my colleagues at the club, I sampled the other side of British culture - partying, clubbing and toasting the club’s success when we won the Worthington Cup!

My work as a marketing executive for ‘Spurs’ also led to the acquisition of my first British client. Subsequently, I founded my own company Active Anglo Chinese Communications in 2001, specialising in cross culture business communications. Nine years on, the business is thriving.

Whilst running my business, I attained a masters degree in marketing to supplement my first-hand experience.

So now, I am living and working in Britain, but my kitchen boasts a blend of both foods and my business straddles both. But people often ask where I consider to be my home, China or Britain, I have to say, “Hand on heart. It’s both.”

Yintong Betser was born and bred in Beijing. She is an Anglo Chinese business communication specialist and a founding member of China Advisers Network. She writes a column for the London Chamber of Commerce’s publication ‘London Business Matters’, reporting business stories between the two countries.

Home Follows The Heart by Yintong Betser家随心走阴彤

Left: A rural Welsh idyll in the UK左图：英国威尔士的田园风光

A Focus On Art

Karen Smith is a British art writer and curator who has lived in Beijing since the early 1990s. She writes for ‘Time Out’ as an art critic and her first book on Chinese art, ‘Nine Lives: The Birth of Avant-Garde Art in New China’, was critically acclaimed.

A fluent Mandarin speaker, Karen is involved in the Beijing and Chinese arts scenes, particularly in the Dashanzi arts community located in a former machine tool plant known

as Factory 798, and the even more dynamic Alcohol Factory. In 2006 she helped found Intelligent Alternative in Beijing to

support artists, and to develop and fund art projects focused on cross-cultural exchange between China and the outside world.

She also co-curated the first international exhibition of Chinese contemporary art that was staged at the Tate Liverpool’s waterfront gallery in 2007.

Her other books include ‘The Real Thing’ with Simon Groom of the UK Tate Gallery, and she is co-author - with Pulitzer prize-winning photographer Liu Heung Shing - of ‘Shanghai: A History in Photographs, 1842-Today’, published by Penguin in 2010.

聚焦艺术

凯伦·史密斯是英国艺术评论家和策展人，自上个世纪九十年代开始长期在北京居住。她是Time Out杂志撰稿人。她的第一本关于中国艺术的著作《九命：新中国先锋艺术的诞生》曾引起极大反响。

凯伦能讲一口流利的汉语，与北京及中国艺术圈多有交往，特别是北京大山子的798艺术区和酒厂国际艺术区。

2006年，凯伦在北京帮助设立了以扶持艺术家为宗旨的“另类智慧”，该项目还对中外跨文化交流项目给以资金支持。

凯伦是2007年在利物浦泰勒美术馆举办的中国当代艺术展合作策展人。

她的其他著作包括与泰特美术馆西蒙·格鲁姆合作的《真品》。另外，她与普利策奖获得者、摄影家刘香成合作的《上海：镜头中的历史》2010年已由企鹅出版社出版。

146

AS ‘GLOBAL citizens’ I strongly believe we have an obligation to understand and respect all peoples,

nationalities and cultures. In my work with Liverpool’s Cardinal Heenan Catholic Sports College, I thought it important, therefore, that our students experience a completely different cultural experience - China.

Thanks to Liverpool City Council, I made contact with the Number One Children’s Sports School in the Pudong area of Shanghai. It seemed logical to link my own specialist sports college, Cardinal Heenan, with a similar school in Shanghai.

I was invited to visit the school in November 2009 but had also thought that it would make sense to forge as many links as possible between Liverpool and Shanghai schools. Through my contact with the British Council in Shanghai and Oliver Hayakawa from the Liverpool-Shanghai Partnership, arrangements were made for me to visit a primary school.

In Shanghai I met with Joe Du and Dasheng Zhang from the British Council and arrangements were made to link schools in the Luwan district of Shanghai with schools in the east Liverpool neighbourhood I represented. I also visited and arranged a link between Middle Fuxing Road Number 2 Primary School and Windsor Street Primary School in Liverpool’s Toxteth district.

My visit to the Number One Children’s Sports School was successful and at Liverpool City Council level it was decided to extend the link with the Shanghai school to the three sports colleges in Liverpool: Cardinal Heenan, Archbishop Beck and Childwall.

Earlier, on a second visit to Shanghai in May 2010 I linked Cardinal Heenan with the Bile High School in the Luwan district and since then our students have exchanged letters and there is now an email club between the two schools.

Personally, I have come to love Shanghai and its people. Their kindness and generosity is unsurpassed. The sense of humour of the Shanghairen is so similar to that of the ‘Scouser’. The Shanghainese are rightly proud of their city and the Expo. It is a vibrant, exciting place; on the one hand fast - paced, yet on the other gentle and caring. I know without a doubt that the educational links between our two great cities will last a very long time.

Leslie Stewart is the partnership development manager for the Cardinal Heenan Catholic Sports College in Liverpool and was a teacher for more than 30 years. He is also the adviser to International Links for Liverpool Schools.

作为“全球公民”，我坚定地认为我们有责任了解并尊重

所有人、所有民族和所有文化。因此，在利物浦希南天主教体

育学校的工作中，我主张我们的学生应该体验一种完全不同的

文化―那就是中国。

在利物浦市议会的帮助下，我与上海浦东第一少年儿童体

校取得了联系。作为一个专门的体育学校与上海类似的学校开

展往来，这听起来似乎顺理成章。

2009年11月，我应邀访问上海浦东a第一少年儿童体

校，但同时我也在考虑应该让两个城市更多的学校开展往

来。于是，我联系了英国文化协会上海办公室和利物浦上

海合作局的奥利佛·早川。因此，我被另外安排参观了一

所小学。

在上海我见到了英国文化协会的工作人员杜伟和张大

晟。此行促成了上海卢湾区与我所代表的利物浦东部社区

建立校际关系。我还参观了上海复兴中路第二小学，并帮

助这所小学与利物浦托克特斯区温莎街小学建立了联系。

我对浦东第一少年儿童体校的访问非常成功。后来，利物

浦市议会决定，除希南天主教体育学校之外，另外增加两所体

育学校与这个少儿体校开展往来，它们是：贝克体育学校和柴

尔德沃体育学校。2010年10月16日，上海世博会利物浦馆日

当天，双方正式签字确认了伙伴关系。

此前，我于2010年5月第二次访问上海，促成希南天主教

体育学校与上海卢湾区比乐中学结为友好学校。此后，两校学

生一直在开展书信往来，现在，他们还成立了一个电邮俱乐

部。我们的最终目标是两个学校的学生和员工互访。

利物浦与上海学校之间的往来已经走过了一段时间。我个

人已经开始爱上上海和那里的人们。他们是我所见过最善良和

慷慨的人。上海人的幽默感与利物浦人何其相似！上海人完全

有理由为他们的城市、为世博会感到骄傲。上海是一个充满活

力、令人振奋的地方，一方面，城市节奏很快，另一方面，不

乏温馨和关爱。我坚信，这两座伟大城市之间教育领域的关系

会历久弥坚。

莱斯利·斯图亚特是利物浦希南天主教体育学校合作发展部经理，从教30余年。他还是利物浦学校国际联络组织顾问。

Shanghai - Liverpool Schools Links by Leslie Stewart上海与利物浦的校际往来莱斯利·斯图亚特

Right: Leslie Stewart with the deputy head and pupils of Number 1 Children Sports School in Pudong New

District, Shanghai, in November 2009. The school is linked with three sports colleges in Liverpool -

Cardinal Heenan, Archbishop Beck and Childwall - and the formal agreement was signed during

Liverpool’s Gala Day in Shanghai右图：2009年11月，莱斯利·斯图亚特与上海浦东第一少年儿童体校副校长和学生们在一起。这所学校与利物浦希南天主教体育学校、贝克体育学校和柴尔德沃体育学校结为友好学校，并于上海世博会利物浦馆日当天正

式签订协议

149

IN 1950 the United Kingdom became one of the first countries to recognise The People’s Republic of China but relations rapidly became hostile and frozen because of the war in Korea.

Then in 1953 Lord Boyd-Orr - head of the newly formed British Council for the Promotion of International Trade - led a delegation of 16 representatives of British companies to China to open the first discussions on trade - and thus the ice was broken and the ‘Icebreakers’ earned their name.

The motto of the 48 Group Club is ‘Equality and Mutual Benefit’ which echoes the words of Zhou Enlai, China’s much-respected Premier from 1949 to 1976, who first used that phrase in 1953. Today, the 48 Group Club continues to develop the work of promoting positive Sino-British relations and club members believe they have a vital role in unfreezing the cultural deficit between China and the world. President Hu Jintao neatly summarizes the challenge: “China has a massive trade surplus, but a vast cultural deficit with the world.”

The 1953 ‘Icebreaker Mission’ paved the way for the now fabled 1954 trade mission with 48 businessmen from British companies, which later became known generically as the 48 Group Club - The ‘Icebreakers’ and whose trail-blazing initiatives have become a vital part of British-Chinese history. In the late 1980’s the 48 Group Club - The ‘Icebreakers’ merged with the Sino-British Trade Council to form the China-Britain Trade Group, now known as the China-Britain Business Council (CBBC). Today’s 48 Group Club - ‘The Icebreakers’ - which has grown to over 450 members continues to develop the work of promoting positive Sino-British relations.

中华人民共和国于1 9 4 9年成立，4 8家集团俱

乐部的历史始于上个世纪5 0年代初，当时“破冰者”

的创始人是最早同新中国建立经贸关系的西方人。1 9

5 0年，大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国成为最早承认中

华人民共和国的国家之一，但是由于朝鲜战争，两国

关系很快变得敌对冰冷。1 9 5 3年，新成立的英国促

进国际贸易委员会主任博伊德·奥尔勋爵率领一个由1

6家英国公司代表组成的代表团来到中国，开启了最早

的贸易对话—从而打破了坚冰，为他们赢得了“破冰

者”的称号。

48家集团俱乐部的箴言是“平等互利”，这是1949

年到1976年任中国总理、受到广泛尊敬的周恩来的话，

他最早是在1953年使用这个短语的。今天，48家集团俱

乐部继续发展着积极促进中英两国关系的工作。俱乐部

成员们相信，他们在消除中国与世界的文化赤字方面起

着极其重要的作用。胡锦涛主席对这个挑战总结得很漂

亮：“中国有大量的贸易顺差，但是和世界也有巨大的

文化赤字。”

1 9 5 3 年那次“ 破冰之旅” ，为如今看来神话

般的英国公司4 8 位企业家1 9 5 4 年的贸易之旅铺平

了道路，那些公司后来统称为48家集团俱乐部—“破冰

者”，其开拓性的创举已经成为英中历史的一个至关重

要的部分。在上个世纪80年代末，48家集团俱乐部—“

破冰者”与英中贸易委员会合并，组成英中贸易集

团，现在以英中贸易协会而知名。如今的48家集团俱

乐部—“破冰者”已经成长并拥有450多家会员，继续

为积极促进中英两国关系而不懈工作着。”

The 48 Group Club - The ‘Icebreakers’ 48家集团俱乐部 - “破冰者”

Left: Dr Liu Yun (left), representative of the 48 Group Club in Beijing, with Mme Zhang Xiaokang, the Chinese ambassador to Singapore, who is the wife of former Chinese ambassador to the UK, Zha Peixin who is currently vice-chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the National People’s Congress. Dr Liu and Mme Zhang were attending the Beijing celebration in April 2008 to mark the 55th anniversary of the famous UK ‘Icebreakers’ trade mission to China. Dr Liu’s father, Liu Jinsheng, was ministerial commercial counsellor at the Chinese Embassy in London in the 1970s, and deputy chairman of CCPIT in the 1980’s. Her father-in-law Lu Xuzhang was China’s vice-minister of Foreign Trade in the 1950’s and was the first Chinese minister to visit the UK after the trade embargo was lifted. He signed a trade agreement with the London Export Corporation which was formed by Jack Perry, one of the original ‘Icebreakers’, and which today maintains close links with China

左图：48家集团俱乐部驻北京代表刘芸博士（左）与中国驻新加坡大使张小康在48家集团俱乐部“破冰者之旅”55周年纪念活动上。张小康的丈夫培新是原驻英国大使，现任全国人大外事委员会副主任委员。刘芸的父亲刘今生是上个世纪七十年代中国驻英国使馆的公使衔商务参赞，八十年代曾任中国贸促会副会长。她的公公卢绪章上个世纪五十年代曾任中国外贸部副部长，是英国对华贸易禁运解除之后第一位访问英国的中国部长级官员，他与杰克·佩里的伦敦出口有限公司签署了贸易协定。伦敦出口有限公司是最早的“破冰者”之一，至今仍与中国保持密切联系

150

作为中国与英国和欧洲贸易的开拓者，今天， 48家集

团正凭借这一历史角色应对新的“破冰”挑战。鉴于中国与

西方正在从单纯的贸易转向投资关系，实质性的接触取代了

过去礼节性的觥筹交错，双方关系需要深入发展。

现在双方还都在尝试。我们的角色就是要促进中欧之

间对彼此思考问题的方式加深理解，而不是相互指责。如

果我们彼此了解并理解对方，那么我们就可以有更好的机

会进行可持续的合作。

我个人这方面的经历开始于上个世纪八十年代早期。

那时，我率先搞了两个合资公司。一个是把东西销售到中

国国内市场，那时，还没听说过合资企业被允许做这项业

务；另外一个是在美国市场销售中国产品。

当时，我们需要克服体制、文化和价值观上的巨大差

异。我们要注意这些问题，同时，更根本的，还要考虑西

方人要有利可图、中国的合作伙伴也有钱可赚的需要。为

此，我们得突破许多条条框框，比如，要考虑相当数千万

美元外汇的完全的进口替代。

48家集团历史积淀深厚，向来以诚信和品格立身商

界。中方能够放心与我的公司—伦敦出口公司—一起承担

风险，48家集团的这些品质发挥了至关重要的作用。我们

的意图得到理解。但是，我们并非为中国办事。我们是在

为双方创造长久的利益。

上海世博会把中国和世界的关系推向了一个新的高

度。我们正面临着建设一个更加繁荣与和平的世界的机

会，但同时，我们也看到仍有必要增进了解，去除障碍。

所有的发展都会遇到挑战，但中国30多年来的经验证明了

挑战乃常态，当坦然接受。

所以，我们必须加倍努力帮助培育利于关系良好发展

的适宜环境。我们寄希望于年轻一代—“青年破冰者”才

是现在和未来的主人。

史蒂芬·佩里是48家集团俱乐部主席、伦敦出口公司董事长、英中贸易协会副主席、伦敦大学学院董事、剑桥大学李约瑟研究所理事会成员。

TODAY the 48 Group uses its historical role of opening up the trade between China and Britain, and the rest of Europe,

to address new ‘icebreaking’ challenges. As China and the west move from trading to an investing relationship real contacts replace the ‘polite cups of tea’ and deeper ties are needed.

Both sides are tentative. Our role is to facilitate the process of both Chinese and

Europeans to become more understanding of the ways each think, in a non-judgmental way. If we know each other and understand each other, then we stand a better chance of doing deals together which are sustainable.

My experience goes back to the early 1980’s when I put together two cutting edge joint ventures. One was for the sale to the Chinese domestic market - unheard of for a ‘JV’ to be allowed to do that at that time. The second was to sell and market Chinese consumer goods in the USA market.

There were huge systems, cultural variations and value differences to overcome. We concentrated on those features and the need to create, fundamentally, profit for the westerner and value for the Chinese partner. To do this we had to move many boundaries, such as allowing for full import substitution at a Forex cost of tens of millions of US dollars.

The history, the honesty, and the integrity of the 48 Group from its inception, played a key role in allowing China to feel comfortable taking risks with my own company, London Export. Our intentions were well understood, but we were not acting for China; we acted for both parties to create long-term value.

The Shanghai Expo has opened China and the outside world to new level of relations. We can see the opportunity to build a more prosperous and, thereby, a more peaceful world - but we can also see a greater need for understanding and boundary moving. All developments are challenging, but China has proved over 30 years that challenge is accepted as constant.

So we have to work doubly hard to help create the right conditions for relations to develop in the best way. We look to the younger generation to achieve that - the ‘Young Icebreakers’ are the present and the future.

Stephen Perry is chairman of the 48 Group Club, Chairman of the London Export Corporation, vice chairman of the China-Britain Business Council, a fellow of University College London, and a trustee of the Needham Research Institute at Cambridge University.

The Need For Stronger China Ties by Stephen Perry 巩固对华关系的必要性史蒂芬·佩里

Right: Stephen Perry greets Yu Xiaosong, former chairman and now honorary president of CCPIT, at the

48 Group Club’s 55th anniversary celebrations in Beijing’s Grand hotel in April 2008

右图：2008年4月，在北京贵宾楼饭店举行的48家集团俱乐部“破冰者之旅”55周年纪念活动上，史蒂芬·佩里与中国

国际贸易促进委员会前会长俞晓松拥抱

152

Pictured at an event at the Chinese Embassy in London in 2008: Lady Youde with Sir Richard Evans, a former British Ambassador to China who once worked with her husband Edward in Beijing. Sir Richard’s first diplomatic posting in Beijing was from October 1955 to November 1957 and he returned to Beijing as first secretary in 1964. He was ambassador between 1984 and 1988, taking in Queen Elizabeth II’s historic state visit to China in 1986. His acclaimed book ‘Deng Xiaoping and the Making of Modern China’ was published in 1993 2008年，尤德夫人与原英国驻华大使伊文斯在伦敦出席中国驻英国使馆举办的活动。尤德夫人的丈夫爱德华·尤德曾与伊文斯共同在北京工作。1955年10月至1957年11月，伊文斯首次到英国驻华代办处任职，并于1964年再次到北京任一秘。他 1984至1988年任驻华大使，其间，1986年英国女王首次对中国进行国事访问。1993年，伊文斯发表了《邓小平与现代中国的诞生》一书，受到好评

153

帕玛拉·尤德夫人出生于肯特，二战期间在伦敦大学亚非

学院学习中文。1948年，她远渡中国，先是在英国驻上海领馆

工作，后来到南京的英国大使馆任职，并在那里遇到了她未来

的丈夫、后来成为英国驻华大使的爱德华·尤德。

尤德夫人参与了1950 年英国在北京设立代表处的工

作。1974年至1978年，尤德先生任驻华大使，尤德夫人随任

至北京。1982年至1986年，她与就任香港总督的丈夫来到香

港生活。她撰写的《中国》一书于1982年发表。这本书饱含

对中国的热爱。

尤德夫人是英中协会副主席、48家集团俱乐部荣誉会员。她是大英图书馆与中国国家图书馆之间协作的国际敦煌项目的主要倡议人。尤德夫人2008年5月退休，之前7年曾任剑桥大学李约瑟研究所理事会主席。

LADY Pamela Youde was born in Kent and learned Mandarin at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London during World War Two. She set sail for China

in 1948 where her first job was in the information service of the British consulate in Shanghai, moving to the British Embassy while it was still in Nanjing. There she met her future husband Edward Youde who was to become British Ambassador to China.

Lady Youde was in the British group that re-opened the British Embassy in Beijing in 1950. She lived in Beijing when her husband was ambassador from 1974 to 1978 and between 1982 and 1986 they were in Hong Kong where Sir Edward Youde was Governor. Her book ‘China’, an affectionate look at the country she had come to love, was published in 1982 (Norton & Co).

Lady Youde is a vice president of the Great Britain China Centre and an honorary member of the 48 Group Club. She was a key mover in the establishment of the International Dunhuang Project - a major collaboration between the British Library and the National Library of China, and retired in May 2008 after seven years as chairman of the Trustees of the Needham Research Institute at the University of Cambridge.

A Long Lasting Friendship With China 与中国的长期友谊

Below: The highly respected Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai touring the development of the country’s petrochemical industry in theearly 1960s下图：二十世纪六十年代早期，备受尊敬的周恩来总理深入工厂考察中国石化工业发展情况

IT WAS Chairman Mao who once said that the new era belongs to young people, whom he described as ‘like the

rising sun in the early morning’. I believe that this assessment is even more relevant for the coming decades as China plays an increasing world role.

As a student now in the 21st century, I have observed China’s economic

development with pride and watched as our country’s position in the eyes of the world has changed and improved, certainly from earlier periods in history.

The 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing and the 2010 Expo held in Shanghai have proved that China is in reality a powerful, if yet still developing, country.

When I was growing up in Harbin many of us middle school kids had no direct contact with the west, but we were able to watch television programmes about foreign countries and we were impressed with the popular music and movies. In fact, music is one of my favourite interests. Like my peers, I am fond of rock music because it is full of passion and hard rhythm. And I taught myself guitar, and have given a few performances in cafes with some guys who have similar interests. Rock music that originated in the west has had a remarkable impact on my life.

However, unlike a lot of ‘rock’ youth, I do not dislike classical or traditional arts. I like classical music and drama. Once I travelled to Beijing and went to China’s National Grand Theatre with a friend just to see my favourite play. Indeed, in terms of drama, Beijing is one of the best options as there are tens of thousands of famous artists living in the capital and many theatres. In Harbin - where I live - there is only one drama theatre, Harbin Modern Drama Theatre, which offers regular performances.

In the last 25 years great changes have taken place in Harbin, just like other second-tier cities in China. The city has taken on a new look with vast green spaces and numerous high-rises. And at present the construction of subway system in Harbin is already in full swing, which will transform it into an international first-tier city.

Since the reform and opening up of China after 1978 the image of college students has been changing and there is much enthusiasm and competition amongst young people to gain

154

毛主席曾说新时代是属于年轻人的，他将年轻人比喻成清

晨初升的太阳。我认为随着中国地位在世界范围内的提升，这

种描述在未来的几十年内会表现得更加淋漓尽致。

作为21世纪的一名学生，我骄傲地目睹了中国经济的腾

飞，看到了她在全世界人民眼中的地位与历史早期相比所发生

的变化和改观。

2008年的北京奥运会和2010年的上海世博也证明了：即

便说中国还是一个发展中国家，实际上她已然是一个强国。

我从小在哈尔滨长大，中学时代，我们很多孩子并没有和

西方世界有直接的接触，但我们可以在电视上观看到有关外

国的节目，国外的流行音乐和电影给我们留下了深刻的印象。

其实，音乐也是我的兴趣之一。我像许多同龄的年轻人一样，

喜欢充满激情和节奏的摇滚乐，并且自学了吉他，和一些有着

共同爱好的朋友们尝试在咖啡厅演唱。起源于西方的摇滚乐对

于我生活的影响是难以估计的。

然而和大多数摇滚青年不一样的是，我并不讨厌古典和

传统的艺术形式，我喜欢古典音乐剧和话剧。为了能看到心

仪的话剧，曾和朋友不辞辛劳地奔赴北京国家大剧院一饱眼

福。提及话剧，首都应是上上选，它不仅聚集了数以万计的

著名艺术家，更拥有着数不清的大小剧院。在哈尔滨—我所

The Challenges Of A Modern China by Xiang Yu 现代中国的挑战相雨

155

entrance to the best universities. This, to some extent, also epitomises the overall transformation of China in both economic and social terms over the last three decades. I know that many college students are regarded as the country’s future elite, in all parts of society, but particularly in helping to strengthen China’s new role in the world. We students in Heilongjiang University are aware of our responsibilities,

Personally, I am very interested in the media in China and worldwide and this is the main focus of my studies at university. I also hope that, with my Chinese and English communication skills, I can make contributions in the future to Sino-British media cooperation projects and further my studies in Britain.

Xiang Yu was born in 1989 in Harbin, the capital of northeastChina’s Heilongjiang province and attended the 163 MiddleSchool, and later the high school attached to the Harbin Instituteof Technology. She is a student at the city’s HeilongjiangUniversity, majoring in media and communications.

在的城市—能找到有定期话剧演出的地方仅“哈尔滨话剧

院”一家。

近二十五年来, 哈尔滨，正如中国其他二线城市一样，发

生了翻天覆地的变化。大面积的绿地，无数的高楼大厦，已然

把城市打扮得焕然一新。如今，哈尔滨也正在如火如荼地进行

地铁的施工和建设，为跻身国际化一线城市做着不懈的努力。

自从1978年中国改革开放以来，大学生的形象有了很大改

变。年轻人对顶尖大学追求的热忱和彼此间的竞争持续升温。

在某种程度上，这也是近三十年来中国经济和社会整体转型的

缩影。我知道很多大学生被视为中国社会各个领域未来的精

英，特别是在帮助加强中国在国际社会中的新角色方面的精

英。黑龙江大学的学生们也深知自己肩上的责任。

就我个人而言，我对中国乃至全世界的媒体行业十分感兴

趣，这也是我大学的主要学习方向。我也希望用我的双语能力

将来为中英两国在媒体传播合作方面作出贡献。并且希望自己

有朝一日能去英国在传媒专业继续深造。

相雨于1989年出生于中国黑龙江省的省会——哈尔滨。曾就读于哈尔滨市第163中学和哈尔滨工业大学附属高中，现就读于黑龙江大学,主修传播学。

156

WHEN I first arrived in China in late 2006 the iconic Shanghai World Financial Center tower in Pudong’s Lujiazui was only one-third complete and I didn’t believe, even in my wildest

dreams, that I would still be here over two years later to see its grand opening. But that is due to the special lure of China and Shanghai in particular. I soon discovered that I was not the only foreigner to have been seduced by Shanghai’s heady, sometimes intoxicating, mix of cultural dynamism and relentless modernisation. There was also not just half a wistful glance to its glamorous 1920s past.

It is these echoes of a more decadent era, now reverberating around the chic bars and clubs of the Bund and French Concession that has proved so mesmerising to a new wave of foreign residents and Chinese nouveau riche. I found there to be a genuine buzz of excitement, especially after dark when Shanghai arguably looks at its futuristic best. There is a real sense of history being created around you and it’s hard not to feel part of this when nearly every day a western newspaper prints yet another story detailing China’s meteoric rise.

However, what I have found most compelling about China’s urban landscape are the old lanes of Shanghai and the historic hutongs of Beijing, in one of which I now live, having moved to the capital in May 2010. They harbour so much surprise and adventure and offer perhaps the best insight into the sense of family and community that is so much a part of Chinese culture and tradition. They are also an assault on the senses as dogs bark, babies cry and the addictive aroma of yang rou chuanr (spiced lamb kebabs) fuses with the not-quite-so-appealing stench wafting from the public toilets.

It is the much-publicised destruction of these ‘lanes’ and their replacement by new apartment blocks and shopping centres that has been the source of such heated debate in recent years. Working in the real-estate industry, first for a commercial agency and then for the property development division of Swire, I have had first-hand exposure to issues such as this, which are literally shaping the nation. Fascinatingly, many of the old lanes earmarked for development have hardly changed since Swire was first established as a trading house in Shanghai in 1866. Today, as much as the argument for modernisation, dramatically improved hygiene and living standards ultimately proves persuasive, my hope is that the hubbub and energy that so characterises these twisting alleys - and makes, for me, Chinese cities so engaging in the first place - will not be totally lost.

It was in this setting that I met Xiao Zhou, a 26-year-old migrant from rural Henan province, who was making ends meet by driving tourists around on an electric rickshaw. Through his warmth of personality and a very Chinese sense of deal striking, Xiao Zhou became not only my solution to navigating the hideously gridlocked traffic of Beijing but also my friend.

Edward Owen comes from Chester in the UK and now works in Beijing for Swire Properties, and worked in Shanghai between 2006 and mid 2010.

2006年末我第一次到中国的时

候，被广为推崇的上海浦东陆家嘴

的世界金融中心大厦刚刚完工三分

之一。即使做梦我也未曾想到，两

年之后我会再次回到这里见证它盛

大开业。这实在是因为中国，特别

是上海于我有特殊的吸引力。我很

快发现，我并非唯一被上海所诱惑

的外国人。这个城市令人陶醉，与

现代化进程快速节拍相伴的，是她充满活力的文化，让

人痴迷。如今上海的景象已非她上个世纪二十年代时的

风光可比。

今天，外滩和法租界那些漂亮的酒吧和夜总会较之

过去更显奢靡，令新一轮潮涌而入的外国人和中国新富

阶层如醉如痴。我发现这里是真正的激情涌动之地，特

别是每当夜幕降临之后，上海未来主义的城市景象完美

展现。置身此处，你会真切地感到历史正在你身边被创

造。当西方报纸几乎每天都在刊印关于中国迅速崛起的

故事的时候，你无法不感到自己已经成为这个历史进程

的一部分。

不过，我发现中国城市景观最吸引人的地方莫过于

老上海的里弄和老北京的胡同。我去年5月搬到北京，

现在就住在一个胡同里面。这里充满了让人惊奇和想尝

试的东西。在这里可以找到了解中国文化和传统当中占

重要位置的家庭观和邻里观的最好的视角。当然，这里

的狗吠，婴儿的啼哭的确不那么悦耳，而烤羊肉串的香

料味与公共厕所里飘来的一阵阵的臭气夹杂在一起则着

实有些令人作呕。

近年来，拆除胡同里弄，让新的公寓社区和购物中

心取而代之的做法正在成为人们热烈争论的话题。因

为我在房地产业工作，先是从事商业代理，现在太古

地产，所以有机会第一手接触这方面的问题。有意思的

是，那些划定为开发区域的老的里弄实际上自太古公司

1866年在上海设立贸易商行以来就几乎没有发生太多

的变化。今天，现代化、极大改善卫生标准和生活水平

等说辞的确很有说服力，但我依旧希望这些曲曲弯弯、

有些喧嚣但充满活力，至少对于我来说，让中国城市显

得尤其可爱的胡同里弄不要完全消失。

就是在这种背景下我认识了小周，一个从河南省乡

下来的26岁的小伙子。他靠蹬电动黄包车维持生计。

小周为人热情，揽生意也非常有中国特色，他不仅是我

在北京纵横交错的可怕的交通网中的向导，而且还成为

了我的朋友。一直是他拉着我到北京近年来兴盛起来的

CBD上班。

爱德华·欧文来自英国切斯特，现供职于太古地产公司，工作地点在北京。2006年至2010年他曾在上海工作。

The Generosity And Depth Of The Chinese People by Edward Owen 中国人的宽广胸怀爱德华·欧文

157

The beautiful Potala Palace in theTibet Autonomous Region位于西藏拉萨的美丽的布达拉宫

158

JUST go with the flow.” It was sound advice for a new arrival in Beijing back in the early1990s, contemplating an entrance

on his brand new ‘Flying Pigeon’ into the unwelcoming, unyielding, unrelenting legion of cyclists advancing steadily along the tree-lined avenue outside the east gate of the Friendship Hotel.

A sprawling complex of hotel buildings and apartments, restaurants and gardens that had, until recently, been a rural idyll northwest of the city proper but was by now being overwhelmed by the expanding conurbation, the Friendship Hotel was the only place we were allowed to live back then, those of us foreigners who’d pitched up in Beijing to work for the various Chinese media organs - Xinhua News Agency and China Central Television, the Foreign Languages Press and China Radio International. We were an eclectic international bunch: Aspiring journalists from the west and comrades from the friendly socialist countries; retired media professionals and old Asia hands; misfits and adventurers; and even the odd western communist with gaze by now turning wistfully towards Pyongyang, further east. And all of us were given the rather grand title of ‘Foreign Expert’.

It wasn’t a hard life by any means, being a foreign expert in the 1990s. We had buses and Mercedes cars to take us to work and back; a day shift would include a two-and-a-half-hour lunch break; an evening shift for Xinhua foreign experts would start just before eight o’clock and end (rather unofficially, of course) with noodles and beer at the on-site restaurant not long after ten.

Yet there was always something to moan about: Those were the days when milk came in little plastic bags and bacon could only be found at the Friendship Store a bus-ride away on the far side of the city, where the few western bars and pubs could be found - so few, in fact, that you could visit them all on a Saturday afternoon and still be home for dinner. And getting home was likely to involve being bounced around inside a miandi - or bread bin - the name given to the battered yellow minivans that served as cheap taxis. They’ve gone now; as have many of the state-run stores staffed by disinterested employees where newly arrived foreigners quickly learned the meaning of meiyou (‘not have’). Gone, too, are most of the filthy back alleys with their litter-strewn markets displaying fake brand-name clothing, exotic fruit and incongruous arrays of brightly-coloured plastic kitchen items.

Instead of all this we now have a window-cleaner’s dream of row upon row of glass-fronted high-rise office blocks lining broad avenues; there are entire districts given over to the bright lights of bars and clubs, western restaurants and discotheques; and our shopping needs are met by swish, brand-name-exclusive, marble-floored and chandeliered shopping malls. Beijing is, too all intents and purposes, a leading international metropolis, commercially and in infrastructure terms the match of any other city in the world.

“随大流儿。”这句话对于一个上世纪九十年代早期

初到北京、骑着一辆崭新的飞鸽自行车寻思着融入友谊

宾馆东门外林荫路上行色匆匆、对旁人熟视无睹只顾从

容向前的自行车大军的老外来说，的确是个正确的建议。

友谊宾馆是北京西北一处宾馆、公寓、餐厅和花园

的综合集群。直到最近，那里还是一派田园风光。但

是，不断扩大的城市规模如今已淹没了往昔景象。那里

曾是我们这些在新华通讯社、中央电视台、外文出版社

和中国国际广播电台等不同中国媒体工作的外国人唯一

被允许居住的地方。我们这个国际团队可谓兼容并包：

有踌躇满志的西方新闻工作者，有来自友好的社会主义

国家的同志，有退休的媒体专业人士和“亚洲通”，有

遁世者也有冒险家，甚至还有来自西方、现在把渴望的

目光投向更东方的朝鲜的古怪的共产主义者。我们所有

这些人都被冠以一个伟大的头衔：外国专家。

那个时候做个外国专家生活上真的一点都不难。宾

馆与单位之间有班车甚至是奔驰轿车往返接送。白班包

括两个半小时的午饭和午休时间，而新华社外国专家的

夜班是晚上不到八点开始，十点之后单位有夜宵，吃过

面条、喝过啤酒后，用不了多久就可以下班了（当然这

往往不是正式规定的时间）。

Going With China’s Traditional Flow by Michael Harrold 随中国传统之流而行郝明凯

159

不过，也总会有不尽如人意的地方。比如，那时候

牛奶都是装在塑料袋子里的，培根只能乘公交车到城市

另一端的友谊商店才能买到。友谊商店那边有酒吧，可

是没有几家，而且只能星期六下午去，还得赶回家吃晚

饭。从那里回家总免不了坐“面的”，就是那种充作便

宜出租车的破破的黄色微型面包车，坐在里面有些颠来

颠去的。现在，“面的”的踪影早已不见。国营商店也

已没了踪影。当年，那里的售货员态度冷漠，新来的外

国人会很快从他们嘴里学到两个字：“没有”。同样消

失了的还有大多数脏兮兮的胡同以及散落其间摆售假冒

品牌服装、外国水果和颜色鲜亮却刺眼的塑料厨具的摊

铺。

取而代之的是宽阔的大道两侧一座座拔地而起的玻

璃幕墙写字楼；有的街区整个开辟成了霓虹闪烁的酒

吧、西式餐厅和迪厅；购物，我们可以去专卖品牌货、

铺着大理石、装着华丽吊灯的时髦的购物中心。无论从

哪方面讲，北京现在已然是一个国际大都市，商业繁

荣，基础设施发达，可以与世界其他任何城市比肩。

不过，夏日午后，寻鼻之所嗅前行，在那些玻璃幕

墙装饰的巨大怪物背后，沿着胡同往里走，经过飘出

阵阵臭气的公共厕所，你依旧能够找到老北京：穿着背

心、短裤的老人坐在破旧的四合院外面的台阶上，百无

聊赖地扇着扇子驱赶夏天的炎热；年轻人稍显活力，坐

在小吃摊上摆满了食物和啤酒、看似有些摇晃的桌子边

用力拍打着蚊蝇；光着膀子的孩子们则在卖衣服、水果

和厨具的摊铺间闲逛。

郝明凯来自英国伯明翰附近一个名叫多里奇的小镇，自1994年起开始在北京生活，现任中央电视台国际频道高级编辑。他也曾在新华通讯社工作。他的妻子郝凯莎和两个儿子郝德明、郝安曈能讲一口流利的汉语。

But let your nose lead you on a summer afternoon behind one of the glass-fronted monstrosities, down a side alley, past the stinking public toilet, and there you will still find the old Beijing: Elderly people dressed in vest and shorts sitting on steps outside their run-down stone-built siheyuan houses, idly fanning themselves against the heat; young people showing little more vigour in swatting mosquitoes away from rickety, food-and-beer-laden tables set up outside tiny eateries; and half-naked children wandering among the markets selling clothing, fruit and kitchenware.

Michael Harrold is originally from the small town of Dorridge near Birmingham in the UK. He is a senior copy editor with CCTV International in Beijing, where he’s lived since 1994. He has also worked for Xinhua News Agency and earlier, for seven years, in Pyongyang as English language advisor for the speeches of Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il. His wife Kasia is a fluent Mandarin speakeras are his two sons Dominik and Antos.

Below: The fabled Friendship Hotel in Haidian District in Beiing下图：位于北京海淀区的友谊宾馆

Left: Real Chinese communities still exist amidst the surge of modernization左图：现代大潮中真正的中国式生活

The Chopsticks Club

The London based Chopsticks Club was named to reflect the importance of food and its relevance to networking in China. Set up in 1993 it has developed into a dynamic network of over 1,000 people from China and Britain, attracting professionals from every walk of life and a diversity of backgrounds.

The Club, originally called ‘China Tuesdays’, was established by three graduates of Chinese studies from the University of Durham, in the north east of England.

Founder Rupert Hoogewerf is famous for his ‘Hurun Report’about China’s richest people. Club directors, H-J Colston and Theresa Booth, below, met on the stage in Beijing playing the lead roles in a Peking Players Christmas production.

筷子俱乐部

位于伦敦的筷子俱乐部之所以如此起名就是为了反映“吃”的重要性以及“吃”在中国社交中的作用。筷子俱乐部于1993年成立，吸引了来自中英两国各界不同背景的专业人士，现有1000多会员，已经发展成为一个充满活力的组织网络。

俱乐部原名“中国星期二”，由英格兰东北部杜伦大学三名中文专业毕业生成立。

创始人胡润因“中国大陆百富榜”而广为人知。另外两位负责人H-J·科尔斯顿和切瑞萨·布斯在北京参加一次圣诞演出时在舞台上结识。

Right: Celebrations in Tiananmen Square in October 2009 marking

the 60th anniversary of the foundingof the People Republic

右图：2009年10月，中华人民共和国成立60周年庆祝活动在北京天安门广场举行

161

Chapter 9 - The Cultural Focus第九章文化焦点

163

2000年秋天，刚刚辞任泰特利物浦美术馆馆长担任利物浦

双年展总监的我飞赴上海，开始了我的第一次中国之旅。

我异常激动，不仅因为利物浦与上海在历史上的亲密关

系，更因为这次上海的双年展刚刚走向国际，也是在中国举办

的第一次正规的国际当代艺术展。广州的三年展直到2002年才

开始。

上个世纪九十年代，我每年至少访问纽约一次，但自从

2000年，我经常到上海和北京旅行，而相比之下，纽约就不那

么常去了。无意中，我发现上海其实就是八十年代的纽约。

首次中国之旅，我结识了上海春季艺术沙龙负责人李磊。

在随后的十年中，我每年至少访问中国一次，期间总是得到英

国文化协会的支持。

虽然利物浦双年展首次举办是在1999年，但第二届却是在

2002年。不过，这使得上海和利物浦的双年展得以同节奏举

行。显然，我们应该通过联合设计或是至少通过相互推介来展

示彼此的信念。2004年，我们通过密切对话对此达成了共识，

这得益于上海市政府文化局局长穆端正的支持。

两年之后，得益于上海双年展的支持，利物浦蓝舟艺术中

心艺术指导布莱恩·比格斯遴选了利物浦和英格兰西北部艺术

家的作品在中国展出。这次展出的组织者是利物浦双年展以及

位于上海市南京西路中信广场的时尚沙龙。同年，通过顾振清

馆长的努力，在利物浦双年展上推出了“中国馆”，展出了沈

少民、翁培俊、孙原、彭禹等人的作品。

2009年初，通过与上海大学美术学院建立密切的关系，

我们与上海市之间的关系掀开了新的一页。在中英文化连线领

军人交换项目框架下，我的同事拉吉·桑都访问上海三个月，

上海大学凌敏教授对利物浦进行了回访。这一切都要感谢上海

大学美术学院执行院长汪大伟的热情支持。

未来似乎拥有无限的可能：上海常年有4万艺术类学生，

虽然目前的市场仅能允许其中为数不多的人成长为成熟的艺术

家，但随着市场的扩大，艺术家的质量会随之提高，上海的视

觉艺术所产生的动力也会增大。

刘易斯·比格斯是利物浦双年展的首席执行官和艺术总监，泰特利物浦美术馆前馆长，1986年曾任圣保罗双年展的英国专员。

WITHIN a few days of resigning as director of Tate Liverpool in the autumn of 2000 to take up my

post as Liverpool Biennial’s chief executive, I was on a plane to Shanghai, my first visit to China.

It was tremendously exciting for me as the city’s own biennial had just become ‘international’, the first regular exhibition

of international contemporary art of any scale in China - the Guangzhou Triennale did not start until 2002 - and because of the close historic relationship between Liverpool and Shanghai.

During the 1990s I would visit New York at least once a year, but from 2000 onwards I was travelling regularly to Shanghai and Beijing, and visiting New York much less often. Unconsciously, I felt that Shanghai was what New York had been in the 1980s.

On that first visit, I was introduced to the artist Li Lei, then director of the Spring Art Fair and over the last decade I have visited China at least once a year, often with invaluable support from the British Council.

Although the first Liverpool Biennial had taken place in 1999, the second was in 2002, so bringing the calendar of Shanghai and Liverpool’s biennials into the same rhythm. It was obvious that we should seek to express our mutual ambitions by joint programming or at least mutual promotion, and by 2004 we were in close conversation to that end, supported by Mu Duanzheng, director, Cultural Bureau, Municipal Government of Shanghai.

From the early months of 2009 we opened a new chapter in our relations with Shanghai through a close relationship with Shanghai University College of Fine Arts. Thanks to a grant from the Visiting Arts’ ‘Connections Through Culture Leadership Programme exchange placement scheme, my colleague Raj Sandhu spent three months in Shanghai. And Professor Ling Min, director of the university’s International Projects, made a reciprocal visit to Liverpool, with the enthusiastic support of Wang Da Wei, acting dean of the College of Fine Arts.

The possibilities for the future seem limitless: Shanghai is home to 40,000 art students at any given moment and, although the market at present will only allow a few of these to progress to being fully-fledged artists, as the market grows so will the quality of the artists and the strength of the visual arts on offer in Shanghai.

Lewis Biggs is chief executive and artistic director of Liverpool Biennial, the former director of Tate Liverpool, and was British commissioner for the Sao Paulo Bienal in 1986.

Shanghai’s Art Of Limitless Possibilities by Lewis Biggs上海艺术圈：创造无限可能性刘易斯·比格斯

Left: Lewis Biggs pictured with Chinese artists and exhibition organisers in Shanghai左图：刘易斯·比格斯与中国艺术家和策展人在上海

164

THE famous Shanghai architectural landmark ‘Three on the Bund’ was

the location for the ‘2010 John Moores (Shanghai) Contemporary Painting Prize’, the first time the distinguished competition has been held in China.

Over 1000 submissions came from all over China and the overall winner was Han Feng with Zou Tao, Zhang Wei, Shang Zhenxue and Li Zhouwei also picking up prizes.

Judges included Lewis Biggs, curator and director of Liverpool Biennial, Peter Jackson, former UK gallery director and now art critic, Peter MacDonald, prizewinner in 2008 and two Chinese judges: the artists Gu Wenda and Zeng Fanzhi.

‘Three on the Bund’ was formerly known as the ‘Union Building’ and was at one time a major branch of the British-owned Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London and China. It was established more than 150 years ago and helped initiate and then boost commerce and trade between China and Britain.

The introduction of the ‘John Moores Painting Prize’ to China, one of the most famous painting competitions in the UK, has opened a new page in Sino-British cooperation. And there is an extraordinary significance at exhibiting the newest art works of contemporary artists from both China and UK in the ‘Three on the Bund’ building.

The competition based in China now has its own website: www.johnmooreschina.com, which establishes a platform for Chinese and British prize winners to communicate their works both in Shanghai and Liverpool.

Ling Min is a lecturer in art history at Shanghai University Fine Arts College and was a visiting scholar of art curation at Goldsmiths in London in 2008. She curated the Chaoyang community public art programme, the first in Shanghai, and was the project manager of ‘John Moores Painting Prize in China’ as well as one of curators of ‘Shanghai-Liverpool Art E-Space Lab’.

今年8月，《2010约翰-莫尔（上海）新绘画大奖赛作品展》在

上海地标性建筑“外滩3号”揭幕。这是英国著名的绘画大奖赛首次

在中国举行。

在1000 多份来自中国各地的应征作品中，韩锋、邹涛、张伟、

张振学、李周伟的作品分别获奖。

本次大赛的英国评委由利物浦双年展主席刘易斯-比格斯，以及

曾经担任过英国画廊的主管、艺术评论家彼得-杰克逊和2008年约翰

摩尔新绘画大赛的大奖获得者彼得-麦克唐纳德担任。中国评委由中

国艺术家谷文达和曾梵志担任。

上海“外滩3号”旧称“有利大楼”，曾经是英商有利银行在远

东的标志性建筑。英商有利银行成立于150多年前，是中英双边贸易

的推动者。

英国著名的绘画比赛——约翰-莫尔新绘画大奖赛来到中国，揭

开了中英合作新的一页。而中英两国当代艺术家的最新作品在“外

滩3号”展出，具有非同寻常的意义。

这项比赛在中国也有了自己的网站：www.johnmooreschina.com，为

中英两国获奖艺术家提供了沟通平台。

凌敏——上海大学美术学院史论系教师，2008年英国金-斯密斯学院访问学者。2009年参与英国“文化领导”交流项目(Cultural Leadership Exchange Program with four month placement in Liverpool Biennial) ——在利物浦双年展，主持策划过上海首个社区公共艺术项目——朝阳新村公共艺术实践。现任中英合作“约翰-摩尔（上海）当代绘画展”项目主管，“上海—利物浦艺术家视频对话”策划。

Launch Of John Moores Painting Prize In China by Ling Min约翰-莫尔新绘画大奖赛在中国启动凌敏

Right: Lewis Biggs and Ling Min, during the launch of the John Moores Exhibition in Shanghai

右图：刘易斯·比格斯与凌敏在上海“约翰·莫尔展”期间合影

165

Liverpool waterfront and, bottom right, Shanghai’s Bund in the 1930s利物浦水岸；右下图：二十世纪三十年代的上海外滩

166

A young Chinese musician from Liverpool’s Pagoda Orchestra performing at the Shanghai Expo in October 20102010年10月，来自利物浦百祥塔乐队的一名华裔小演员在上海世博会上演奏

167

THE young musicians from the Pagoda Youth Orchestra have picked up accolades wherever they have performed and the Shanghai Expo was no exception when they collaborated with

the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra to play before dignitaries at the Gala Day to mark the success of the Liverpool pavilion.

Founded in Shanghai’s UK twin city of Liverpool by one of mainland China’s most respected musical composers, Li Ksui Hsuing - who comes from the southern city of Guangzhou - the orchestra has won a string of awards and performed at London’s famous Albert and Festival Halls and at the Queen’s Golden Jubilee.

When it was formed in 1980 it was the first Chinese youth orchestra of its kind in Europe. Mr Li estimates that he has nurtured more than 400 students from eight to 18; and daughter Liao Zilan, the internationally renowned musician trained in both the Chinese guzheng harp and the western concert harp, was a member.

百祥塔儿童乐队的表演所到之处得到一片赞誉。上

海世博会上他们的表现也不例外。世博会利物浦馆欢庆

日活动中，百祥塔儿童乐队与皇家利物浦爱乐乐团合作

演出，以此庆祝利物浦馆取得的成功。

百祥塔儿童乐队由曾享誉中国大陆的音乐家廖桂雄

在上海的姐妹城市英国利物浦建立。廖桂雄来自广州。

百祥塔儿童乐队获得过一系列奖项，曾在伦敦著名的皇

家阿尔伯特音乐厅和皇家节日音乐厅演出，并参加过女

王登基50周年的庆祝演出。

1980年成立的时候，百祥塔儿童乐队是欧洲第一

个华人少年乐团。据廖先生估计，乐队已经培养了400

多名8至18岁的学生。廖先生的女儿廖子岚也是其中一

名，她因同时擅长中国传统乐器古筝和西洋乐器竖琴蜚

声国际。

The Chinese Melody Man利物浦的中国音调

Below: Li Ksui Hsuing who conducted the Pagoda Youth Orchestra at the launch of the University of Liverpool’s Confucius Institute in October 2009下图：2009年10月利物浦大学孔子学院成立仪式上，廖桂雄指挥百祥塔儿童乐队演出

IT WAS the evening after Christmas Day and we were in Chengde, the once summer retreat of the imperial court from Beijing’s Forbidden

City, and beyond the Great Wall’s borderline at Gubeikou. After resting overnight in the imposing Zhengyang hotel, a majestic structure with its pagoda shaped roof and noble red pillars, early the next day we were to head farther on for the wedding of two Chinese friends.

The bride, Sarentuoya, hails from Inner Mongolia but now lives in Beijing. She was marrying Song Jin Long, also now a Beijing resident but the only son of farmers who live some 300 kilometres from the Chinese capital. They had invited my dear friends Michael and Kasia and their boys, Dominik and Antos - and me - to attend their marriage ceremony.

With a bleak sun streaking the dawn we, and our dozen or so travelling companions, all Chinese, were gathering in the hotel’s lobby for the ongoing journey of about 70 kilometres to the rural home of the groom’s parents, in the poetically named Double Temple village.

It was eye-wateringly cold but with the early mist receding the scene was transformed into a glistening wonderland. We left enchanting Chengde in a convoy of five shiny black saloon cars. People muffled against the December chill glanced indifferently as the passing official looking cavalcade swept out of the urban boundaries. The fields and hills stretched on for eternity into the foggy distance; the trees stripped bare of leaves and the landscape smothered with layers of snow and heavy frost.

Onwards we swished along remote winding roads and lanes, the monotony broken by an occasional low-slung hamlet or dreary factory with chimneys spouting plumes of smoke far off across the stubble-strewn fields, or a stilled frozen river slashing through the earth.

Finally, in bright sunshine, we arrived at a scattering of rough-hewn red brick buildings where a crowd of villagers spilled about as firecrackers exploded with ear-splitting bangs and whistles. We were guided through a gate bedecked in scarlet and yellow streamers into the cosy living quarters of the family’s simple abode. The two tiny square rooms were packed with folk of all ages in high spirits while we were introduced to Mr Song’s mother and father. She rather shy while he, effusive and ruddy-cheeked, was jubilant to see us and grasped my ‘soft’ city hands between his two calloused rustic palms in greeting.

Soon it was time to go outside into the larger yard for the actual formalities. Here, with the icy breath rasping in our lungs, the happy couple sipped glasses of Chinese fizzy wine and vowed devotion to one another.

Then I was called to make a short speech. To my astonishment, yet delight, I had earlier been asked to stand as ‘honorary’ father of the bride as her real ‘blood’ father was too ill to cover the distance. As he speaks Chinese like a native, my young half-Polish godson Dominik - to Chinese friends I am his ‘uncle’ (bobo) - stepped in as my interpreter, much to everyone’s glee. The villagers clapped their

那是圣诞节后的晚上，我们一行人来到了承德。这

里位于长城雄关古北口之外，曾是中国皇帝夏日避暑

的胜地。我们入住的正阳酒店，装饰着飞檐红柱，显

得高贵庄重。休息一晚后，第二天一大早，我们要继

续前行去参加两个中国朋友的婚礼。

新娘是蒙古族人，叫萨仁托娅，现居北京。新郎叫

宋金龙，是家中唯一的儿子，但也已牵居北京，他的

父母住在离北京约300公里的一个村子。这对新人邀请

了我和我的朋友迈克、凯西亚以及他们的儿子多米尼

克和安托斯参加婚礼。

当清冷的冬日染亮黎明，我们和其他十余个中国同

行者聚集在酒店大堂，准备出发前往70多公里以外新郎

父母的家，一个名字很有诗意的村庄—“双庙村”。

天气冷得让人眼睛发涩，但是随着晨霭淡去，眼前

的景色变得真切明亮。我们一行乘坐五辆黑色轿车离

开迷人的承德。当貌似官用的车队驶过城市的边缘飞

驰向前的时候，为抵御深冬的寒冷而把衣服裹得严严

实实的路人向我们投来了不经意的目光。绵延不尽的

田野和山脉消失在远方的雾霭之中，掉光了叶子的树

木光秃秃地伫立着，大地覆盖着皑皑的白雪和浓霜。

车沿着遥远、蜿蜒的公路和小道疾驰。地势低洼的

小村庄、残留着庄稼茬子的田野远处烟囱正在喷云吐

雾的孤零零的工厂，或是划破大地但已封冻的静静的

河流，偶尔出现在眼前，打破了景色的单调与无聊。

太阳当头的时候，我们终于到达了一个四处是拙

朴的红砖房屋的乡村聚落。那里挤满了村民，噼噼啪

啪的鞭炮声震耳欲聋。我们被领入一扇装饰着紫色和

黄色彩带的大门，来到主人家舒适而简单的住所。两

间狭小的屋子挤满了人，他们年龄不同，但都精神饱

满。我们被介绍给新郎宋金龙的父母。新郎的母亲非

常腼腆。新郎的父亲脸色红润，豪爽外露，见到我们

显得兴高采烈，一双布满老茧粗糙的手一下子抓住我

那双“柔软”的城里人的手表示问候。

很快就到了在大院子里举行正式仪式的时间。就在

这里，在这样寒冷刺胸的天气里，一对幸福的新人饮

下美酒，发誓彼此忠诚。

我被邀请做了一个简短的发言。这有些出乎我的

意料，当然也让我非常高兴。因为新娘的父亲重病在

身，无法长途跋涉参加婚礼，我之前只是被告知要充

当新娘的“名誉”父亲列席。多米尼克是我的教子（

对中国朋友来说，我就是他的伯伯），讲得一口地道

的中文，他充当了我的翻译，这让大家都很满意。村

民们鼓掌表示了对我发言的认可，而新郎的父亲则咧

嘴笑着给了我一个非常“不中国”的拥抱。

接下来就是我们见过的最盛大的婚宴。因为农村传

统习俗的缘故，妇女与男人分坐在不同的房间。男客

人中，村长被尊为主宾。桌上是可怕的白酒，还有不

知道多少啤酒，不过我们这桌额外有一瓶雪碧。人们

不停地祝酒、干杯。酒过三巡，菜过五味之后，村长

The Wedding At Double Temple Village by Lew Baxter双庙村的婚礼老胡公

168

approval, and the elder Mr Song, grinning broadly, embraced me in a very non-Chinese hug.

Then we fell upon the most gargantuan of nuptial banquets where, as country lore insists, the women sat in a separate room from the men. In our male company the village headman was treated as guest of honour. After an hour of feasting and endless toasting - with the fearsome baijiu and lashings of beer and Sprite - one of our table, his tenor voice soaring, hushed us with an ancestral song from the grasslands of Inner Mongolia.

The revelry went on for hours until - as the fading sun was slipping in the still cobalt blue sky - at around 6pm the merrymaking ended abruptly. The headman stood, bowed to us all and left with a cheery wave.

We foreigners took our cue, exchanging farewells with much laughter, smiles and enthusiastic handshakes. Reluctantly we headed back to Beijing while the villagers and the now husband and wife would continue to celebrate… for three more days.

Lew Baxter is the editor of ‘The Bond of Friendship’ and livedand worked in China for a number of years.

引吭高歌，唱了一曲古老的蒙古族牧歌，他那嘹亮的

男高音让人们一下子安静下来。

欢宴持续了几个小时，直至太阳逐渐从湛蓝的天空

中慢慢消失。大约下午六点，狂欢戛然而止。村长站

起身，向我们鞠躬，然后兴致勃勃地挥手离开。

意识到我们这些外国人也该动身了，于是开始告

别。大家脸上洋溢着笑容，握手时感受得到彼此的热

情。我们依依不舍地踏上回北京的路途，而那些村民

们和那对新结合的夫妻还要继续庆祝……三天。

鲁·巴克斯特，中文名老胡公，《都市骏景》编辑，曾在中国生活、工作多年。

169

Below: The bride Sarentuoya and groom Song Jin Long at their wedding at the home of his parents in Double Temple Village in Hebei Province in December 2008下图：2008年12月，新娘萨仁托娅与新郎宋金龙在河北省双庙村举行婚礼

170

SHANGHAI born dancer Lei Zhao is today first soloist with the UK’s distinguished Birmingham Royal Ballet. She started her training at ten years of age at the prestigious Shanghai Dance

School and worked briefly as an assistant dance teacher in China before enrolling at 17 years of age in the UK’s Northern Ballet School in the city of Manchester.

She joined the Birmingham Royal Ballet in 1995 and rapidly progressed through the ‘ranks’, becoming a soloist in 2003 and first soloist in 2008. She earned an MA in Applied Dance Studies at Birmingham University and has a professional dancers’ teaching diploma from the Royal Academy of Dance.

She teaches at the Elmhurst School for Dance, the Birmingham Royal Ballet’s associated ballet school.

Lei Zhao has danced some of the biggest roles in ballet, including Clara in ‘The Nutcracker’, the Lilac Fairy in ‘Sleeping Beauty’ and Jupiter in ‘Sylvia’, amongst many others. She won a bronze medal in the Helsinki International Ballet Competition.

上海出生的赵磊是目前英国著名的伯明翰皇家芭蕾

舞团首席独舞。赵磊10岁时开始在颇富声望的上海舞蹈

学校学习舞蹈，之后短暂做过舞蹈助教，17岁时赴英国

曼彻斯特北方芭蕾舞学校深造。

1995年，她加入伯明翰皇家芭蕾舞团，并迅速成

长，于2003年成为独舞，2008年成为首席独舞。她获得

了伯明翰大学应用舞蹈研究的硕士学位和皇家舞蹈学院

的专业舞蹈教师证书。

赵磊目前在伯明翰皇家芭蕾舞团附属厄尔姆赫斯特

舞蹈学校从教。

赵磊在《胡桃夹子》《睡美人》《希尔薇娅》等多

部芭蕾舞作品中扮演过重要角色，并曾在赫尔辛基芭蕾

舞比赛中获得铜牌。赵磊在《胡桃夹子》《睡美人》《希尔薇娅》等多部芭蕾舞作品中扮演过重要角色，并曾在赫尔辛基芭蕾舞比赛中获得铜牌。

Dancer Of Note 知名舞者

171

IT WAS somewhat prescient, considering China’s surge towards world superpower status, that a trail-blazing version of Shakespeare’s ‘King Lear’ set in such a future was a hot topic

when it premiered in Shanghai.It starred British actor David Yip and the distinguished

Chinese thespian Zhou Yemang, who is a household name in China after numerous television and film appearances, particularly for the hit movie Temptress Moon directed by Chen Kaige and cast by Gong Li.

Yip - whose family roots are in Southern China - is perhaps best known for his gritty portrayal of a policeman in London’s Chinatown in the UK television series The Chinese Detective, and for appearances in the Indiana Jones and The Temple of Doom movies.

The London based Yellow Earth Theatre adapted the bilingual ‘Lear’, in cooperation with the Shanghai Dramatic Arts Centre, and it was also seen in Chongqing before playing to full houses in the UK cities of London, Nottingham and Liverpool.

David Yip has also worked with the eminent French-Canadian theatrical company Les Deux Mondes and Liverpool’s Unity Theatre on a dramatic odyssey that he wrote based loosely on his father’s life story.

The musical play - ‘Jin Shan Gold Mountain’ - traces the character Liu Yee’s epic journey from a small village in China to a war-battered Liverpool of the 1940s, through the horrors of the Second World War Atlantic convoys set against a backdrop of Communist China.

以中国崛起为世界“超级大国”为背景演绎的莎士

比亚《李尔王》先锋版在上海首演之后引起了热议，因

为这一创作让人多少感到有些先知先觉。

此剧由英国演员大卫·叶和中国著名演员周野芒主

演。周野芒出演的多部影视剧在中国家喻户晓，其中包

括陈凯歌导演、巩俐主演的《风月》。

大卫·叶祖籍中国南部，他最著名的作品是在英国

电视剧《中国侦探》中扮演伦敦唐人街一位坚毅的警

察，他还出演过电影《夺宝奇兵2：魔域奇兵》。

《李尔王》由伦敦黄土地剧团和上海话剧艺术中心

合作改编。在上海演出之后，曾在重庆上演，并前往英

国伦敦、诺丁汉和利物浦巡演。

大卫·叶还曾以他父亲生平为蓝本撰写了一部颇具

戏剧性的人生传奇故事，与加拿大“两个世界两个人”

剧团和利物浦的联合剧团合作推出。

这部名为《金山》的音乐剧通过展现二战时大西洋

战场的残酷，讲述了主人公刘易（音译）上个世纪四

十年代从中国的一个小村庄来到利物浦闯荡的故事。那

时，战后的利物浦满目疮痍，而中国正处在革命之中。

Stories Of Drama And Intrigue戏剧故事

172

IT IS September in Beijing 1987. I am walking along a corridor. It has a high ceiling and is painted in a dirty lime green along the lower

half and a washed out yellow on the upper. It’s echoing as it is all solid concrete and I am painfully aware of a strong stench of urine.

Ahead of me is the purposeful figure of Xiao Nui, slim and small. We have walked up three flights of stairs and my mind is blanked

out. I am in a mental limbo land, completely thrown by what is happening to me and nerving myself to face whatever is to come. We came to a door. Xiao Nui pushed at it. “This is your classroom,” she says and we enter. I am aware of faces sitting at desks. They are silent, unmoving, looking at me as Xiao Nui ushers me onto a podium before them. I stand looking at them looking at me.

Xiao Nui has a half smile on her face. She speaks: “This is your class”, and the figures all move, standing and pushing at desks. They start to clap and my dream bubble bursts, and I start to clap in reply.

“My class!” Gosh, this is really happening. The figures stop clapping and sit again, all faces staring at me expectantly. “Hello”, I say and they respond as one: “Hello”, and their faces smile. Thus, at age 54, began an experience I was eventually to describe as the most rewarding of my life.

In the January of 1987 I had been enraptured by the spirit-like figures moving silently through the cold dense mist of a Beijing winter. I was visiting my son Paul, who was then working for the government-run ‘China Daily’ newspaper. It was so ‘other worldly’ from my lifetime living and working in the United Kingdom. “What is this place?” I questioned to myself.

A few weeks later a similar spell fell up on me when, as an ‘old hack’ I was invited by Chen Hui, then the pioneering deputy editor-in-chief of ‘China Daily’, to address the young staff of that newspaper. I was so very aware that I was in their world, totally divorced from mine, and the feeling of their interest in me as their foreign visitor was so palpable that I felt that they were seeking to swim in my very being.

Quite simply, I fell in love with the China of that time. And as anyone in love, I was naive, unsure and ignoring of any imperfections. In essence, it was a closed society, tolerating foreigners for their skills but nothing beyond these strict lines; the common phrase ‘our foreign friends’ was hedged about with caveats. But for me, this mattered not; I simply wished to be absorbed.

So there I stood, me, a professor, faced with 18 fourth year students: nine girls, nine boys, all aged 20 or 21, passive and seemingly malleable. Being in love, as I was to discover, as ever, is never easy. I had to surmount the great hurdle, so characteristic in China, of ‘silence in class’. Students, conditioned through all their lives to learning by rote are incapable of challenging a teacher. My solution was to become their friend.

1987年9月。北京一栋楼的走廊。天花板很高，走廊

墙壁下半截刷成了灰绿色，有些脏兮兮的；上半截的白

色已经年久泛黄。因为是混凝土建筑，所以走廊里有回

声。行走其间，袭来一股强烈刺鼻的尿臊味，让我感到

恶心。

我前面是肖女（音译）纤细、娇小却坚定的身影。

爬了三层楼，我的脑子里已经一片空白。我的思绪在挣

扎，一边因眼前所见而一片茫然，一边试图振作起来直

面即将到来的一切。我们来到一扇门前。肖女推开门，

说：“这就是您的教室。”我知道座位后面是一张张面

孔，但是，在肖女把我领上他们面前讲台的时候，他们

沉默、毫无表情地看着我。于是，那一瞬间，我看着他

们，他们看着我。

肖女面露一丝微笑，说道：“这就是您要教的

班。”这时，讲台下的身影都有了动作，站起身，挪动

课桌，开始鼓掌。我梦想的泡沫破灭了。我也开始鼓掌

作为回应。

“我的班！”唉！这一切真地发生了。那些身影停

止鼓掌，重新坐下，所有的眼睛都期待地注视着我。一

声“你们好！”之后，我听到了异口同声的回应：“您

好！”此时的他们，面带微笑。就这样，54岁的我开始

了我后来认为是一生中最有益的一段经历。

1987年1月，我到北京看望在官方媒体《中国日报》

工作的儿子。那时，我被默默穿行于北京冬天寒冷浓雾

里那些幽灵般的身影所吸引。这与我在英国工作、生活

的环境相比，完全是另一个世界。我不禁自问：“这是

一个什么样的地方呢？”

几个星期之后，同样的魔力在我身上附体。作为一

个“伏枥老骥”，我被《中国日报》当时颇具探索精神

的副总编辑陈辉邀请为该报年轻员工讲座。我清楚地意

识到我彻底脱离了自己的世界，已然置身于他们当中。

他们毫不掩饰对我这个外国来客的兴趣，以至于我甚至

感觉得到他们想从我身上挖出什么东西。

就这样简单，我爱上了那时的中国。如同任何坠入

爱河的人一样，当时的我很天真，不相信甚至对任何不

完美都视而不见。那时的中国基本上还是一个封闭的社

会，可以因为外国人的知识技术而容纳他们，但除此之

外的东西绝对免谈，“外国友人”是要受到一些规定限

制的。但是，对我来说，这并不重要。我只希望融入其

中。

所以，我，一个教授，就站在那里面对着18个四年

级的大学生：九个男生，九个女生，年龄都是二十刚出

头。他们很被动，却也似乎还有调教的余地。但我后来

发现相恋绝非易事。我必须跨越一个巨大的障碍，那就

是很有中国特色的课堂上的沉默。这些一直习惯于死记

硬背的学生根本无法挑战一个老师。我的办法就是和他

们做朋友。

我不单单是把学生当成朋友，更确切地说是用一

个“古怪”大叔的身份去对待他们。我还想方设法创造

Falling Under China’s Spell by Michael Niblock拜倒在中国的魅力之下迈克尔·尼布罗克

173

Not only did I seek to simply befriend my students, rather after the manner of an eccentric uncle, but saw my way to cultivating the use of English, an abiding fascination and here a unique opportunity. None of my students was in the least interested in the western ways of journalism, but they longed with a deep desire to be fluent in English, seeing it as the way to a prosperous career. I don’t quite know how I managed it, but all went on to get high praise from the work unit to which they were seconded, every one almost as fluent in English as in their own language. Those students, whom I think of as ‘my children’, are now in their early 40s and have gone on to achieve the successful and prosperous futures they so desired. I can never forget them.

Michael Niblock worked for ‘The Scotsman’ and ‘Guardian’ newspapers in the UK and in China for Xinhua News Agencyand ‘China Daily’. He also taught English at Huizhou Universityin Guangdong province and later at a private college in Fujian.

条件让他们使用英语。说英语在中国一直是个时髦的事

情，但却机会难得。我的学生没有一个人对西方新闻学

有丝毫的兴趣，但是，他们从内心渴望能够说一口流利

的英语，因为这在他们眼里是找到一份好工作的捷径。

我已经记不得是如何帮助他们的了，但他们走上工作岗

位后都得到了好评，他们讲英语都讲得跟母语一样流

利。在我的心里，这些学生就是我的孩子。他们现在已

经都四十多岁了，正在走向他们曾渴望得到的成功和美

好的未来。我永远忘不了他们。

迈克尔·尼布罗克曾供职于英国《苏格兰人》和《卫报》以及中国的新华通讯社、《中国日报》等媒体。他还曾在广东省惠州大学和福建的一家私立大学任教。

MUSICIAN Liao Zilan is renowned worldwide for her skills on the guzheng (the Chinese zither), which she began learning at the age of three when living in Guangzhou.

At nine years of age she was winning major prizes in China, including the National Youth Music Competition.

In the 1980s, aged 15, she left China for Britain with her mother, Li Meixia, and her sister to join her father, the conductor and composer Liu Kiu Hsiung, and continued her studies, first at the distinguished Chetham’s Music School in Manchester, and later at London’s Royal Academy of Music.

Within months she made an impact in the UK by picking up an award at the International Musical Eisteddfod in the north Wales town of Llangollen.

Later, Liao Zilan formed the Chinese and Western Cultural Exchange with the celebrated Welsh harpist Elinor Bennett. She also composes music and, like her father, recorded music for the Oscar winning Last Emperor film, a biopic of Pu Yi, and has collaborated with western musicians such as Peter Gabriel and Nigel Kennedy.

As well as performing internationally, Liao Zilan is a member of staff at the Pagoda of Hundred Harmony Chinese community and cultural centre in Liverpool. She is also a visiting teacher at Chetham’s School of Music and King’s College London.

Liao Zilan has captivated audiences worldwide as a recitalist and soloist with leading musical groups, including her husband Jah Wobble’s inspiring Chinese Dub ensemble, whose 22 members feature singers from Yunnan and Tibet, dancers from Hangzhou and fascinating opera mask-changers from Sichuan.

音乐家廖子岚以演奏古筝的技艺享誉国际。她从3岁

开始学习古筝，那时她还在广州。9岁时她就开始获得

中国的主要音乐奖项，包括全国青少年器乐比赛等。

上个世纪八十年代，15岁的廖子岚与母亲来到伦

敦与父亲廖桂雄团聚。她的父亲是指挥家和作曲家。

在英国，廖子岚先后在曼彻斯特的契天音乐学校和伦

敦的皇家音乐学院继续深造。

几个月之后，廖子岚在兰格伦国际音乐节上获

奖，在英国引起了震动。

后来，廖子岚与著名的竖琴演奏家艾利诺·伯奈

特成立了中西文化交流协会。除了演奏，她也谱曲，

而且和他父亲一样参加过获得奥斯卡奖的电影、溥仪

的传记片《末代皇帝》的音乐录制。她还曾与皮特·

盖布瑞尔、奈吉尔·肯尼迪等音乐家合作。

除了参与国际性的演出，廖子岚还是利物浦百祥

塔华人社区中心的成员。她还是契天音乐学校和伦敦

国王学院的客座教师。

廖子岚的独奏音乐会或是在乐队中作为独奏的演

出在国际上博得了观众的好评。她参加演出的乐队包

括她丈夫贾·沃波尔的“中国混音”乐队。这个令人

耳目一新的乐队有22名成员，包括来自中国云南、西

藏的歌手，杭州的舞蹈演员，还有表演让人痴迷的变

脸技艺的四川艺人。

Celebrating Chinese Culture演绎中国文化

174

175

Left: Zilan with fellow musician husbandJah Wobble左图：廖子岚与同是音乐人的丈夫贾·沃波尔

A rural view of the Scottish highlands on the Badanloch Estate苏格兰高地景色

176

Couple Devoted To China献身中国的夫妇

A DEDICATED Marxist, British-born David Crook joined the International Brigades in 1936 and fought in Spain against the forces of Franco. While there he

read Edgar Snow’s book ‘Red Star Over China’ which sparked his life long interest in the country. In 1938 he travelled to China to embark on ‘underground work’ for the Communist party and left in 1942.

In 1947 he returned to China’s ‘liberated’ areas, where he studied land reform, engaged in teaching, and served as interpreter and translator at the Asia Pacific Peace Conference. He then took a teaching job in Chengdu, and met his future Canadian wife Isabel Brown, who was born in China. They entered Beijing with the victorious Communists in 1949.

For the next forty years, the Crooks taught at the Peking Foreign Languages Institute and they made a significant contribution to education generally in China. They wrote a number of books including ‘Revolution in a Chinese Village’ (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1959). David died in Beijing in 2000 and is survived by Isabel and his three sons Carl, Michael and Paul.

作为一个坚定的共产主义者，戴维·柯鲁克1936年投身国

际纵队赴西班牙参加反对佛朗哥的斗争。在那里他读了埃德

加·斯诺的《西行漫记》。这本书激发了他对中国持续一生

的兴趣。1938年戴维·柯鲁克来到中国，开始为中国共产党

做“地下工作”，直到1942年离开。

1947年，戴维·柯鲁克来到中国解放区。他考察了土地改

革，并在亚太和平大会期间担任口笔译工作。后来，他来到

成都成为一名教师，并在那里遇到了他未来的妻子，出生于

中国的加拿大人伊莎白·布朗。1949年，他们与取得胜利的

中共一起进入北平。

在随后的40年里，柯鲁克夫妇在北京外国语学院任教，为

中国的教育事业做出了重要贡献。他们撰写了一系列书籍，

其中包括《一个中国村庄的革命》。戴维·柯鲁克于2000年

在北京逝世。柯鲁克夫妇育有三个儿子：卡尔、迈克尔和保

罗。

176

Foreign Languages Institute and they made a significant contribution to education generally in China. They wrote a number of books including ‘Revolution in a Chinese Village’ (Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1959). David died in Beijing in 2000 and is survived by Isabel and his three sons Carl,

177

Th e Football Emperor足球皇帝

ROWAN Simons arrived in Beijing in 1987 after studying Chinese at Leeds University and is now regarded as one of the most respected international experts in the Chinese

television industry, as well as owning a reputation as a passionate promoter of football in his adopted country.

Apart from setting up the OMI Group, which has interests in China Media Monitor Intelligence and Chinalive Productions, Rowan also advises British organisations on their China strategies, including BBC Worldwide and the Football Association Premier League. He advises Chinese media organisations like China Central Television, the Provincial Television Stations Exchange group, and also worked as a producer and presenter with Beijing TV.

A football fanatic, Rowan has nurtured a dream to build China’s first commercial urban grassroots football network. He is now chairman of China Club Football, the largest amateur football organisation in Beijing boasting thousands of playing members in over 100 adult teams playing every week, as well as providing coaching courses for youngsters.

During the 1990s Rowan - a fluent Chinese speaker - became a TV sports personality in Beijing as a commentator on televised UK premier and FA Cup games and is still a regular guest on Chinese TV talking about football.

Getting football established was not, as he readily admits, an easy journey in China and his experiences - and the often formidable challenges - were recounted in his fascinating book ‘Bamboo Goalposts’ (Macmillan 2008).

罗文在利兹大学攻读中文专业之后，于1987年来到

中国，现在是中国电视界公认的最受尊敬的国际专家之

一。他还因在中国热情推广足球运动而赢得赞誉。

罗文成立了奥德赛媒体投资集团，这个公司在

CMM-I传媒咨询有限公司和中国实况制作拥有股份。

罗文还为BBC国际频道和英超等机构的中国战略提供咨

询，同时也是中国中央电视台、省级电视台节目交流网

的顾问。此外，他还担任北京电视台制片人和主持人。

罗文迷恋足球，梦想打造中国的第一个城市草根商

业足球网络。他现在是万国群星足球俱乐部主席。这是

北京最大的业余足球组织，有球队100多支，成员数千

人，每周开展比赛，同时还为年轻人提供教练课程。

上个世纪九十年代，能讲一口流利中文的罗文在北

京为电视台播出的英超比赛和足协比赛做评论员，因此

声名鹊起，成为电视体育节目的名人。现在，他还时常

被邀请参加关于足球的电视节目。

罗文坦承在中国让人们接受足球并非易事。他在

《竹竿门柱》（中文版名为《足球无疆》）一书中回顾

了他的经历，其间不乏强大的挑战。

178

I BEGAN learning Chinese as an undergraduate in 1978 at Durham University; there were just three of us.

When we found out that we would form part of the first undergraduate group from Britain to spend a year in China (1979-80) learning Chinese, we were thrilled.

There were no direct flights to Hua Guofeng’s China; we flew to Hong Kong,

got the train to Guangzhou and then changed for the 36-hour train journey to Beijing. An hour’s wait in the square outside Guangzhou railway station - dimly lit stalls with a very limited array of provisions for sale, everyone wearing blue or green with cloth shoes.

The weather in Beijing was beautiful that autumn; and there was a constant noise of bicycle bells through the open windows. Lessons were not always interesting; discussions on texts were often somewhat narrowly focussed on Deng Xiaoping’s maxim ‘seek truth from the facts’, and Chinese students at the Beijing Languages Institute were a bit wary of making friends with us.

But what an extraordinary experience: everywhere we went we aroused a huge amount of interest. Sit down in a park and you would have 100 people gathered round quietly staring at you within minutes. There was plenty of opportunity to travel. I still remember Spring Festival in Chongqing: the streets were quiet with everyone inside with family and the restaurants all closed, but a restaurant owner

Learning Chinese 1979 Style by Katharine Carruthers1979年，在中国学习中文—— 个人回忆杜可歆

saw us and opened the door and set a table for us to eat next to him and his family - the innate hospitality of the Chinese people.

Moving forward to 2010, the friendliness and hospitality of the Chinese people is nowhere more apparent than when welcoming British schoolchildren to China for the Hanban/Specialist Schools and Academies Trust (SSAT) Confucius Institute summer camps.

Now young people across the UK don’t have to wait until university to learn Chinese, they can start at secondary school or even earlier. They also have the opportunity to consolidate that learning with a visit to China - in July 2010 the SSAT Confucius Institute took over 400 students and teachers to China. The schools visited Beijing and then split into groups to visit either Xi’an, Shanghai, Chongqing or Changzhou. They had 20 hours of Chinese lessons over twelve days and countless other opportunities to practise their Chinese, see the country and experience its culture.

Katharine Carruthers is director of the Specialist Schools Academies Trust Confucius Institute.

179

孔子学院举办了夏令营，友善好客的中国人民以无以伦比

的热情接待了参加夏令营的英国中学生。

如今，英国的年轻人不必等到上了大学才能学习中

文，他们可以从中学甚至更早的时候开始学习，也可以通

过去中国访问的机会加强学习。2010年7月，联合会孔子学

院组织了400名学生和教师赴中国，他们首先在北京参观访

问，之后分组赴西安、上海、重庆和广州等地。在12天的

行程中，他们除了20个小时的中文课，还得到了无数的、

以其它方式练习中文、了解中国及中国文化的机会。

专长学校联合会孔子学院由联合会、汉办和北京大学

合作成立，目前已在英格兰地区拥有35所孔子课堂。我们

致力于推动中小学课程体系内的中文教学，目标是到2010

年，英格兰地区每个有意愿学习中文的学生都能得到学习

的机会。

在英国的中小学，学习中文的学生人数在迅速增长。

1978年，我开始在杜伦大学读中文本科，全班只有三

名学生。我们是英国首批赴中国学习中文的大学生，当得

知自己有机会去中国学习一年（1979-1980）中文时，我

们都非常兴奋。

那时候中国正处于华国锋时代，还没有从英国直飞中

国的航班。我们先飞赴香港，然后乘火车到广州，再坐

36个小时的火车到北京。在广州火车站外的广场上，我

们有一个小时的候车时间，打量四周看到的是光线昏暗的

摊位，有限的商品，身穿蓝色或绿色衣装、脚蹬布鞋的人

们……

那年秋天北京的天气很好，窗外不断传来自行车的铃

声。课程并不总是很有趣，讨论题常常局限于邓小平的格

言“从事实中寻找真理”。北京语言学院的中国学生在与

我们的交往中也显得比较谨慎。

不过，那真是一次不同寻常的经历。无论我们走到哪

里，都会引起人们的极大关注。在公园里坐下，会有上百

人围着你、静静地盯着你几分钟。我们也有很多机会去各

地旅行，我仍然记得在重庆度过的春节：大街上静悄悄

的，每个人都在家里与亲人团聚，所有的饭店都关门了。

不过，有一位店主见到我们便打开了门，请我们坐下来与

他的家人共进餐饭——中国人可真是天生好客啊！

2010年，在中国学习中文——为中学生提供的机会时

光流转到了2010年，中国国家汉办和英国专长学校联合会

180

DISCOVERING the historic and contemporary connections between Liverpool and Shanghai

is an exciting experience. I work as part of a team researching a major exhibition about China, Shanghai and Liverpool in the Global City gallery at the Museum of Liverpool.

This work reveals long standing connections between the two ports, from affl uent collectors of art objects to the thriving Chinese community founded here by seafarers. The project has explored aspects of the relationship through the study of British imperial history, the interpretation of museum collections and by working with the local community.

The ‘China trade’ helped make Chinese styles hugely popular in 19th and 20th century Liverpool. Wealthy merchants collected Chinese art for their homes and Chinese designs infl uenced fashion. Many of these beautiful ceramics, decorative enamels, furniture and costume are now in National Museums Liverpool’s collections.

The exhibition looks at Liverpool’s Chinese community, claimed as the oldest in Europe. Perhaps my favourite part of the project has been the opportunity to talk to older members of the Chinese community. These people are the children born to Chinese seafaring fathers and British or Irish mothers who grew up around Pitt Street and Frederick Street, close to today’s Chinatown, in the fi rst half of the 20th century.

They shared memories of a unique community including seafarers from Italy, the Philippines and Spain living close to Liverpool’s long standing ‘Black’ community. Their stories of growing up refl ect Liverpool’s legacy as a major port of the British Empire.

We have brought this history up to date, looking at the city’s contemporary Chinese community and also the World Expo 2010. Today Shanghai is a huge centre of commerce and symbol of China’s economic might. After a period of decline, Liverpool has led the way in cultural regeneration. Filming projects with local school-children is just one of the ways we are capturing this international relationship for a new generation.

Lynda Jackson is exhibition curator for the Global City gallery at the Museum of Liverpool (National Museums Liverpool) in the UK.

Connected Cities - Stories Of Liverpool And Shanghai by Lynda Jackson都市情缘：利物浦与上海的故事琳达·杰克逊

探寻利物浦与上海之间的历史渊源和当代关系给人一种兴

奋的体验。利物浦博物馆的世界城画廊为举办一次关于中国、

上海与利物浦的重要展览而成立了一个调研团队，我有幸成为

其中一员。

我们发现两个港口城市之间的关系源远流长，这可以从那

些富有的艺术品收藏者和繁盛的华人社区得到印证。我们这个

项目通过研究不列颠帝国时期的历史、解读博物馆收藏的文物

以及走访社区等形式追溯利物浦与上海关系的渊源和发展。

十九、二十世纪的利物浦盛行“中国风”，实在是这种“

中国生意”使然。富有的商人收藏中国工艺品放在家里装点门

面，中国风格影响了当地的时尚。如今，许多美丽的陶瓷制品

和珐琅饰品、家具和服装陈列在利物浦博物馆。

这次展览着眼于利物浦的华人社区。利物浦有号称欧洲最

早的华人社区。参加这项工作最让我感到愉悦的就是能够有

机会与这里年长的华人交谈。这些人的父辈都是来自中国的水

手，母亲多是英国人或爱尔兰人，他们大多在上个世纪上半叶

在靠近今天唐人街的皮特街和弗莱德里克街长大。

当年，包括来自意大利、菲律宾和西班牙的水手们在利物

浦年代久远的黑人聚居区落脚，形成了一个独特的社区，而这

些中国水手的后代就是这一记忆中的一部分。他们的成长故事

见证了利物浦作为大英帝国时期重要港口的历史。

现在，我们通过聚焦利物浦当代华人社区以及2010年上海

世博会来续写这段历史。如今，上海已成为一个巨大的商业中

心，是中国经济实力的象征。经过一段时间的落寞之后，利物

浦如今也在引领文化重建的道路。将当地学校华人孩子摄入电

影镜头是我们为新一代捕捉这一国际关系瞬间的方式之一。

琳达·杰克逊是英国利物浦博物馆世界城画廊的展览馆长。

181

Top: The Museum of Liverpool worked with older people from the Chinese community like Doreen Ah Foo利物浦博物馆的有关展览得到了华人社区Doreen Ah Foo等老人的协助

Right: Doreen Ah Foo pictured far left middle row at St Michael’s School in the 1920s右图：图中中间一排最左为Doreen Ah Foo，此照右图：片摄于上个世纪二十年代的圣迈克学校

On Top Of The World

London-based journalist Glyn Roberts has fond memories of China, where he worked in the mid-1980s at Xinhua News Agency’s Beijing headquarters. After that two-year stint as a consultant English-language editor, he returned for another year in the mid-1990s to teach news writing to Xinhua journalists who work in English.

The latter posting was a life-changing experience for Glyn, for it was at this time

that he and his wife Kelly adopted a baby. Today, Taiyan is a lively teenager with a keen interest in art and photography.

Glyn occasionally still visits China and now works for the ‘Financial Times’ in London. He has also worked for the Press Association, the ‘Daily Telegraph’ and the ‘Guardian’ newspapers. He is pictured in the mountains of Snowdonia in Wales with Taiyan.

在世界之巅

伦敦的记者格林罗伯茨对中国有着美好的回忆，他在80年代中期曾在新华社北京总部工作。之后，他做了两年的英语编审，90年代中期他又回去工作一年，培训新华社英文记者的新闻写作。

后来格林生活发生了一个大的转变，因为在这个时候，他和他的妻子凯利领养了一个婴儿苔燕。而今，苔燕是一个酷爱艺术和摄影的活泼少女。

格林偶尔还会去中国，现在他在伦敦金融时报工作。他还供职于记者协会，每日电讯报和卫报。图为他在威尔士的斯诺登尼亚山与苔燕的合影。

Right: Tiger leaping gorge in Yunnan,in southern China

右图：中国云南的虎跳峡

183

Chapter 10 - Working With China第十章与中国协作

185

Left: The award winning British Pavilion at the Shanghai Expo左图：在上海世博会上英国馆获得设计金奖

THE British Council was a founder-sponsor of the UK Pavilion at Shanghai Expo and was closely involved with the whole

project from its inception. It was tremendously exciting to be involved in such an important project for both China and the UK right from the beginning when Heatherwick Studio beat some stellar competition to design the UK pavilion. We always knew that our pavilion had to stand

out from the crowd, that we had to offer more than a conventional building covering the 6000 square metre site and that we needed something that would stand as an unforgettable symbol of the UK’s creativity and innovation. The end result, Thomas Heatherwick’s stunning ‘Seed Cathedral’ sitting in a contoured ‘urban park’ achieved that magnificently, exceeding all visitor expectations and winning the prestigious RIBA Lubetkin Award for international architecture.

Our participation in and support for Expo has been a high point in an ongoing and vibrant relationship between the UK and China. One example of this is the British Council’s contemporary art exhibition ‘The Future Demands Your Participation’, which opened in Shanghai in February 2010 and ran until the end of March, acting as a preview to our programme at the Expo. It is planned that versions of the exhibition will be developed with Chinese curators and tour to other cities in the future. We distributed thousands of the seed-containing ends of the acrylic rods from the UK pavilion to 1000 schools in China, and to the Kunming Botanical Institute and to Kew Gardens. The schools are all involved in an on-going British Council programme of climate change and environmental education and the rods will be both a symbolic reminder of our Expo presence and a tool for teachers developing the curriculum.

The Shanghai World Expo was the biggest and most ambitious event of its kind ever staged. For me and the small group of British Council colleagues who worked on the project for three years it was a unique experience: scary, enormous fun, challenging but above all a fantastic opportunity to contribute directly to one of the UK’s most important bilateral relationships - and to help more than seven million Chinese visitors to get to know us a little better.

Leigh Gibson is the director for content and programme for the British Council.

英国文化协会（在华作为英国使/领馆文化教育处运

作）是上海世博会英国馆的创办赞助商，自始就密切参

与整个项目。能有幸参与对中英两国都非常重要的项目

令人激动，而这一切都可以追溯到Heatherwick Studio在激

烈的竞争中脱颖而出，成为英国馆设计团队开始。我们

一直认为英国馆必须独树一帜，我们占地6000平方米的

建筑一定超越常规，英国馆会成为英国创意和创新的永

恒标识。最终，Thomas Heatherwick令人叹为观止的坐落

在“城市公园”的“种子圣殿”完美的演绎了此理念，

超越了所有游客的预期，并且获得了英国皇家建筑协会

的莱伯金建筑大奖。

英国对世博会的热忱参与和支持展现了中英持续活

跃的两国关系，例如英国文化协会（在华作为英国使/领

馆文化教育处运作）的艺术展“未来需要你的参与”。

该艺术展于2010年2月在上海开幕至3月底结束，预先展

示英国在世博的节目。世博会结束后，该艺术展将在中

国其它城市进行巡回展示。我们已向1000所中国学校、

昆明植物研究所和英国皇家植物园等赠送了数千根英

国馆种子亚克力管。这些学校都参与了英国文化协会

（在华作为英国使/领馆文化教育处运作）的气候变化

和环保教育项目，这些种子不仅是英国参与世博的见

证，也是教师们课堂教育的道具。

上海世博会是举世瞩目的盛会，其规模前所未有。

在过去的三年间我和同事一直在做世博项目，这是一段

独特的体验：担忧害怕、无限快乐、充满挑战，但最重

要的是有机会为英国最重要的双边关系之一做出自己的

努力和贡献，并且让七百多万中国游客更加了解英国。

英国馆主题演绎与活动策划总监英国文化协会

The British Council In China by Leigh Gibson英国文化协会在中国雷·吉布森

186

IN THE early 1950s British companies were among the first westerners to trade with the fledgling Communist run

People’s Republic of China and today the China-Britain Business Council (CBBC) carries on that trail-blazing tradition. Our main aim is to bridge the geographical, linguistic and cultural distances between British business and China’s markets.

Now over 50-years-old, we have nine offices in the UK and 11 offices across China and are regarded as one of the most powerful networks of any country in China.

We work closely with both the UK and China governments. We engage in a broad range of areas and have access to key Chinese officials at national and provincial level. When the great and the good of China visit the UK, we help host them - VIPs such as Premier Wen Jiabao and other high-ranking leaders like Chen Deming, China’s minister of commerce, and Yang Jiechi, minister of foreign affairs.

When the China-Britain Trade Group opened its doors for the first time in January 1991 - after evolving from the 48 Group and the Sino-British Trade Council - the task was to bring together two very different cultures: one privately funded serving a limited number of companies and the other publicly funded, serving the whole British industry.

The Business Bond With China by Stephen Phillips与中国的商业关系傅仲森

In 1998 the organisation changed its name to the China-Britain Business Council to reflect the growth of all round business between the UK and China - and that same year we welcomed then Chinese premier Zhu Rongji to the UK, where a dinner in London’s Guildhall attracted 900 guests.

Then in November of 1999 President Jiang Zemin became the first head of state from the People’s Republic of China to visit the UK and was given a rousing reception at a special CBBC lunch at the Banqueting House in London.

Today, with over 800 members we are the leading organisation helping UK companies of all sectors and sizes grow and develop their business with China. One major part of the work that we do is to act as a facilitator between UK businesses and the Chinese government organisations at a national, provincial and regional level; as it is rare for a business in China not to be influenced or touched by government in some way.

Today our ongoing activities - with a combined staff of over 100 in China and the UK - make us one of the mainstays of Sino-UK bilateral and trade relations.

Stephen Phillips is the chief executive of the China-Britain Business Council. A former banker with Barclays, he was engaged in one of China’s earliest ‘overseas’ acquisitions, when the China International Trust & Investment Company, now the CITIC Group, bought a 20 per cent stake in Hong Kong Telecom in the early 1990s.

187

上个世纪五十年代，英国公司在西方率先与刚刚成立不久的

共产党领导的中华人民共和国开展贸易往来。今天，英中贸易

协会继承了那些开拓者的传统。我们的目标是在英国企业与中

国市场之间架起一座可以跨越地理、语言和文化鸿沟的桥梁。

英中贸易协会已经走过了50多个年头，现在在英国有9个

办事处，在中国各地有11个办事机构，被认为是其他国家在中

国设立的最强大的组织网络。

我们与英中两国政府密切合作，业务范围宽泛，与中国国

家和省级主要官员有通畅的沟通渠道。我们参与接待过温家宝

总理、商务部长陈德铭和外交部长杨洁篪等中国政要。

1991年1月，脱胎于48家集团和英中贸易理事会的英中贸

易集团开始运营，其任务就是集两种不同文化于一身：一个原

本只为特定公司服务的私立组织和一个原本为整个英国的工商

业服务的公立组织。

为了与英中两国之间全面经贸关系的发展相适应，1998

年，该组织更名为英中贸易协会。同年，我们邀请时任中国总

Left: Sir David Brewer, chairman of the China-Britain Business Council, mayor Ji Jianye of Nanjing Municipal Government and Zhou Xiaoming, commercial counsellor in the Chinese Embassy in the UK, at a seminar in London in April 2010左图：2010年4月，英中贸易协会主席白乐威爵士与南京市长季建业、中国驻英国大使馆商务参赞周小明在伦敦参加研讨会

理朱镕基访问英国，当时在伦敦市政厅举办的宴会有900名来

宾参加。

之后，1999年11月，江泽民主席访问英国。为欢迎这位第

一个访问英国的中国国家元首，英中贸易协会在伦敦国宴厅为

江泽民主席举行了一次非比寻常的午宴。

英中贸易协会现有800多成员，致力于帮助英国各行各

业、各种规模的公司在中国发展业务，是促进英中贸易的业界

翘楚。我们的一项重要工作就是帮助英国企业与中国各级政府

部门之间进行接洽和沟通，因为，在中国所有企业几乎都会不

可避免地在某种程度上被政府影响或与之产生联系。

英中贸易协会在中国和英国共有员工100多人，他们的努

力使英中贸易协会成为促进英国与中国双边和贸易关系发展的

中坚力量。

傅仲森是英中贸易协会总裁，曾供职英国巴克莱银行。上个世纪九十年代早期中国国际信托投资公司收购香港电信20%股份，傅仲森便是其中参与者之一。这是中国第一桩海外并购案。

188

FOR over four decades Mason Owen has been at the forefront of the commercial property sector in the

UK operating from offices in Liverpool, London, Edinburgh, Chester and an associated office in Dublin. It also has a commitment to a Shanghai operation.

The company, headed up by Barry Owen OBE, was one of the founder

members of the Shanghai Urban Regeneration Foundation (SURF), part of the Liverpool Shanghai Partnership, set up with support from Shanghai-based Crispin Property Investment Management.

The joint company - Mason Owen Crispin - worked closely with the Shanghai municipal government to help establish the foundation, in 2006 , whose principal aim was to focus on historic preservation and urban regeneration. It is regarded as a major ‘city to city’ initiative as part of the developing twin city status between Shanghai and Liverpool.

SURF and Mason Owen Crispin are well aware that the main aim of China’s 11th ‘Five Year Plan’ - introduced in March 2006 - was to hone Shanghai’s competitive edge as an international city, and they are keen to do their bit to forge links and support.

“The idea was to create a platform for supporting a key Shanghai government urban planning objective that involved the preservation and regeneration of Shanghai’s historic urban areas,” explained Barry.

“Our aim was to offer Liverpool’s expertise in preservation and urban regeneration to contribute to Shanghai’s determination to preserve its architectural legacy as it also transformed into a modern city,” he said.

Marcy Zhang, who also heads up Crispin’s China operation, runs the Shanghai joint company in Yandang Road, while Mason Owen’s headquarters in Union Court, Liverpool is Crispin’s own strategic partner in the UK.

Part of the combined consultancy work saw the firm involved with Marks & Spencer, assisting them to secure a long-term lease on their first store on the Chinese mainland, as well as preparing a pipeline of stores in 16 other Chinese cities.

The firm has also worked on a number of other landmark projects in Shanghai including Standard Chartered Bank tower, Citigroup tower, the Jinqiao international community, amd a number of international schools and community projects - the latter on a pro bono basis.

几十年来，梅森欧文公司一直处于英国商业

地产领域的前沿，在利物浦、伦敦、爱丁堡和

切斯特设有办事处，在都柏林设有联营处。梅

森欧文在上海也已开展业务。

梅森欧文公司是“上海沪利建筑及都市改造

基金会”的发起者之一。这个基金会是利物浦

上海合作局的一个项目，是在上海思品―彩房

地产投资咨询公司支持下设立的。

双方的合资公司“梅森欧文－思品彩”与上

海市政府密切协作，于2006年成立了基金会，

主要目的是历史风貌建筑保护和城市改造。这

被看作上海与利物浦这对姐妹城市间的一个重

要的合作举措。

中国2006年开始实施的十一五规划的一个主

要目标是要提高上海作为一个国际化大都市的

竞争力。基于这一认识，基金会与梅森欧文－

思品彩积极参与，发展关系，提供支持。

“我们的想法就是搭建一个平台，支持上

海市政府保护和改造历史风貌区域的总体规

划。”

“我们的目标是把利物浦在历史建筑保护与

都市改造方面的经验介绍给上海，以此鼓励上

海在向现代都市迈进的同时保护建筑遗产的决

心。”巴里说。

张文馨主管思品彩在中国的业务，同时负责

梅森欧文－思品彩的工作。梅森欧文的总部位

于利物浦，是思品彩的战略合作伙伴。

在梅森欧文－思品彩的协助下，英国商业零

售集团玛莎百货获得了店面长期租赁合同，开

办了它在中国大陆的第一家店铺。现在梅森欧

文－思品―彩正在为玛莎百货在中国其他16个

城市开店做准备工作。

梅森欧文－思品彩还为上海其他一些标志性

项目提供服务，包括渣打银行大厦、花旗银行

大厦、金桥国际社区以及一些国际学校和社区

项目，后者为免费服务。

Mason Owen Crispin梅森欧文－思品豐彩

189

Mason Owen Crispin15/H 107 Yandang Road, Shanghai 20020, PR China.

Tel: +86 21 63722858Gladstone House, 11 Union Court, Liverpool, UK

Tel: +44 151 242 3000

梅森欧文－思品―彩

中国上海雁荡路 107号15楼H座

邮政编码：20020

电话：+86 21 6372 2858

英国利物浦联合巷11号格莱斯顿大楼

电话：+44 151 242 3000

15/H 107 Yandang Road, Shanghai 20020, PR China.

190

BOODLES is one of the most exclusive family owned jewellery firms in Britain

with an international reputation. Six generations of the Wainwright family have been involved since it was started over 200 years ago and today with an annual turnover of £40 million it employs 100 people.

Apart from its grand Georgian style Liverpool headquarters, Boodles has a major retail outlet in Chester and four stores in London, including Bond Street, Royal Exchange in the City and a concession in the famous Harrods shop, as well as a store in Dublin, the capital of Ireland.

The company’s creative force is Nicholas Wainwright, working in tandem with his brother Michael who focuses on the commercial aspects. Nicholas also has strong links to Asia in his role as honorary consul for Thailand.

And although Boodles has no links with China, Nicholas recalls that he visited Shanghai as long ago as 1966. After finishing his studies, he wanted to see the world before joining the family business and worked as a midshipman on Blue Funnel Line’s cargo ship Glen Earn.

“It was a remarkable experience and Shanghai was far different than it is today. We were there for only eight days but it has remained in my memory as there were few other foreigners there at the time,” explained Nicholas.

“I was just 18 years of age and we stayed in the Seamen’s Mission. There wasn’t much to do so I wandered around Shanghai with two other young British lads, one from Yorkshire and the other from South Wales. I was astonished at the buildings on the Bund and the similarity to Liverpool’s waterfront.

“Of course the city wasn’t as built up then and everyone was dressed in dowdy blue and green uniforms, unlike today when Shanghai is one of the most fashionable cities in the world.

“It was fascinating but I could hardly have realised how in such a relatively short period of time China was to change so dramatically.”

Nicholas Wainwright is the managing director of Boodles.

布德尔斯是英国最尊贵的家族珠宝企业之

一，在国际上享有声望。韦恩怀特家族自从200

多年前开办布德尔斯珠宝行以来，已经经历六

代。如今，布德尔斯年营业额4000万英镑，雇

员100人。

布德尔斯总店位于利物浦，是一座恢宏的乔

治王朝风格建筑。布德尔斯在切斯特设有一个

主要的零售店，在伦敦邦德街、伦敦交易所和

著名的哈罗德商场等处开有4家店面，此外在爱

尔兰首都都柏林也设有一家店铺。

尼古拉斯·韦恩怀特承担了公司的主要创意

工作。他的兄弟迈克尔负责商业运作。尼古拉

斯作为泰国荣誉领事在亚洲拥有强大的人脉资

源。

虽然布德尔斯与中国并没有联系，但尼古拉

斯回忆说他曾早在1966年到过上海。当时，尼

古拉斯学业结束后希望在加入家族企业之前周

游世界，因此来到蓝烟囱轮船公司，成为一艘

货轮上的见习船员。

“那简直是一次不同寻常的经历。上海那

时与现在比非常不一样。我们只在那里停留了8

天，但是这次经历至今印象深刻，因为当时那

里没有几个外国人。”尼古拉斯说。

“那时我才18岁。我们住在海员俱乐部。

无事可做的时候，我就与另外两个来自约克郡

和南威尔士的小伙到处逛。外滩的建筑风格与

利物浦临水建筑的风格很相似，这让我感到吃

惊。”

“当然，那时的上海还不像现在这样是世界

上最时髦的城市之一，没有林立的高楼，而且

每个人穿的都是蓝色或灰色的制服，看上去有

些破旧。”

“这段经历非常有趣，但是我几乎无法想明

白，在这么短的时间内，中国是如何取得如此

巨大变化的。”

Right: Shanghai’s Pudong district today, a far cry from when Nicholas Wainwright

was there in the 1960s.

From The Jewel Of Liverpool To The Pearl Of The Orient从利物浦瑰宝到东方明珠

191

Boodles House, Lord Street, Liverpool, L2 9SQ, UK

Tel: +44 (0)151 227 2525

英国利物浦罗德街布德尔斯大厦邮政编码：L2 9SQ

电话：+44 (0)151 227 2525

192

10460SCGBM_E15_CSBP_242x210_Inc.ai 9/17/10 3:48:39 PM

193

作为世界排名前十的设计集团，BDP是欧洲最大的包括建筑师、工程师、规划师在内的多专业综合性建筑设计事务所。我们与欧洲、非洲、亚洲和澳大利亚的用户、客户和社区紧密合作，创造独特的生活、工作、购物、文化和学习场所。

BDP成立于1961年，现拥有超过1200名建筑师，室内与平面设计师，工程师，城市规划师，可持续发展专家，光学设计师及声学设计师，分布于遍布全球的17个事务所中，包括英国、爱尔兰、法国、荷兰、印度及阿联酋。如今，我们正在注册中国的分部。

一直以来，我们与利物浦城市保持良好的合作关系，这种关系在广获好评的利物浦城市中心商业区改造项目中达到了顶峰。BDP为这个项目提供了总体规划并且设计了其中7栋主要的建筑。最近，我们设计的利物浦展馆在上海世博会上吸引了许多的目光。

我们很荣幸能在中国接受多个来自不同领域、不同地区的设计委托。从包括文化中心、展览厅、图书馆的佛山总体规划，南京大学新医学院到位于北京和无锡的购物中心。

我们把各专业、各地区、各类型的建筑设计人才及专家综合在一起，创造一个完整的建筑设计环境，这使得我们能更有质量更有效率创造完美的空间。

BDP is a world ‘top 10’ interdisciplinary practice of architects, designers, engineers and urbanists. We work closely with users, clients and the community to create special places for living, working, shopping, culture and learning across Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia.

Founded in 1961, we now employ over 1200 architects, designers, engineers, urbanists, sustainability experts, lighting designers and acoustics specialists in 17 studios across the UK, Ireland, France, the Netherlands, India and the United Arab Emirates. We are currently in the process of becoming registered in China.

For many years, we have had a close association with the City of Liverpool, culminating in the highly acclaimed Liverpool One project which has rejuvenated the heart of the city. BDP has masterplanned this retail-led mixed use development and also designed seven major buildings within the project. More recently, we also designed the Liverpool Pavilion which has attracted much attention at the Shanghai Expo.

In China, we are delighted to have been commissioned for a number of projects in different sectors across many parts of the country. These range from an urban masterplan in Foshan including the design of a cultural centre, exhibition hall, library and medical research buildings to a new medical faculty at Nanjing University and major retail developments in Beijing and Wuxi.

BDP combines expertise across disciplines, locations, sectors and all major building types to deliver a truly integrated way of working. This results in high quality, effective and inspiring built spaces.

联系方式Contact

David Cash国际发展部总监

International Development Director

11 Ducie StreetPO Box 85Piccadilly BasinManchester M60 3JAUnited Kingdom

电话 T: +44(0)161 828 2200传真 F: +44(0)161 828 2235电邮 E: [email protected] www.bdp.com

南京医科大学 Nanjing Medical University

利物浦商业区改造 Liverpool One

英国建筑设计联合事务所

china book.indd 2 26/8/10 13:31:40

194

C

M

Y

CM

MY

CY

CMY

K

China_Britain_Ad_AW.pdf 15/12/10 15:45:07

195

Synergy Health PLC is a global leader in outsourcing healthcare decontamination and sterilisation services. It was established in the UK in 1992 and it has since grown to become a FTSE-250 company which is now based in 11 countries and at over 50 sites. Our portfolio of services and products includes the decontamination of re-usable surgical instruments, sterilization of single use medical devices, linen management services, laboratory testing, and the provision of healthcare products for infection control and wound care.

In 2009, our first Chinese decontamination and sterilisation centre located in SuZhou began full operation and the facilities are currently providing decontamination and sterilisation services for several local hospitals and medical device companies. We also provide industrial sterilisation and microbiology analytics services to many well known multinational medical device companies with operations in China.

Our investment in China means we have the unique opportunity to improve the capabilities and effectiveness of the Chinese healthcare system based upon our experience working closely with the UK’s National Health Service, which the Chinese Ministry of Health regards highly. Our unique business propositions provide cost savings, new IT technologies providing improved quality and efficiency for the smooth running of sterile service units in Chinese hospitals.

Our commitment to China sees Synergy sharing some of the best UK healthcare practices with our Chinese partners, which will be of enormous benefit to hospitals and patients. At the Shanghai British Chamber of Commerce 2010 China business awards, Synergy won the ‘Most Promising New Business’ award - an award which recognises the importance we have in improving Chinese healthcare standards.

Contributing To China’sHealth Care System帮助中国医疗卫生系统

新合力集团是外包医疗清洗消毒和灭菌行业的全球领先者。新合力在英国创立于1992年，并发展成为在11个国家拥有超过50个工厂，且是FTSE-250公司中的一员。我们提供的一系列服务和产品包括对重复使用的手术器械的清洗消毒灭菌，一次性医疗产品的灭菌，被服管理服务，实验室测试服务，以及针对感染控制和伤口护理的医疗用品的供给。

在2009年，我们在中国的首家医疗清洗消毒和灭菌中心在苏州建成并开始全面运作。现在，我们的设备能够提供为不少当地的医院和医疗器械公司提供清洗消毒和灭菌。我们同时也为许多知名的跨国医疗器械生产商在中国的生产提供工业灭菌服务以及微生物分析测试服务。

依靠我们与英国国民卫生服务的紧密合作的经验，我们在中国的投资意味着在帮助中国医疗卫生系统提高能力和成效有着独特的机会，而这也是中国卫生厅非常重视的一点。我们独一无二的商业模式为中国医院提供减少成本的机会，我们的IT技术为中国医院的灭菌服务单元的平稳运行，提高了质量和效率。

我们对中国的承诺即是，新合力会将英国最好的医疗卫生方面的实践经验与中国的伙伴们分享，而这将会极大的有利于医院和病患。在2010年英国商会所举办的中国商业大奖中，新合力获得了“最有希望创新商业大奖”，该奖项认可了我们为提高中国医疗卫生水平所做出贡献的重要性。

Synergy Health (Suzhou) Sterlization Technologies LtdNo. 26 Xinchang Road, SIP Jiangsu China, 215125

Tel: T: +86 (0)512 8228 9099 - F: +86 (0)512 8225 0214www.synergyhealthplc.com

新合力（苏州）医疗灭菌有限公司新合力（苏州）灭菌技术有限公司苏州工业园区新昌路26号，215125

196

Since the 1920s, when the first Chinese students came to study at Liverpool, the University of Liverpool has been developing its links with China. Today, more than 40% of the university’s overseas students are from the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong.

Connections with Chinese institutions have been extended over the years with the formation of research collaborations, spanning many disciplines. The opening of Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU) and the launch of a Liverpool Confucius Institute have cemented the university’s bond with one of the world’s oldest civilisations.

Established by the University of Liverpool and Xi’an Jiaotong University, XJTLU is a new international model for higher education that gives thousands of Chinese students the opportunity to experience the best of Chinese and Western styles of learning.

Its teaching strategy blends the emphasis on personal development and social responsibility that is intrinsic to learning in China with the problem-solving and active learning elements of a Western education, creating a new approach for higher education in China and around the world.

The university has 2,500 students and numbers are expected to rise to 10,000 by 2015, including approximately 2,000 postgraduate students.

The University Of Liverpool And China利物浦大学与中国

利物浦大学与中国的关系始自上个世纪二十年代。那时，第一批中国学生到利物浦求学。如今，利物浦大学40%的留学生来自中国大陆和香港。

现在，利物浦大学与中国教育机构的联系不断发展，在多学科领域形成了合作研究机制。西交利物浦大学和利物浦孔子学院的成立进一步巩固了利物浦大学与中国这个古老文明的情缘。

西交利物浦大学由西安交通大学和利物浦大学共同组建，使数千中国学生有机会体验最好的中西教育，成为国际上高等教育的一个崭新模式。

中国传统治学理念既注重个人发展也强调社会责任意识的培养，西方教育则关注学生解决问题的能力，主张自主研究。西交利物浦大学的教学战略将二者融为一体，为中国及世界的高等教育开辟了一条新路。

西交利物浦大学在校生现有2500人，计划到2015年增至1万人，包括大约2000名研究生。

Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (西浦)111 Ren Ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town,

Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR Chinawww.xjtlu.edu.cn www.liv.ac.uk

LIVERPOOLONE

Love The City

Everything You Love In ONE

Liverpool ONE is a major destination in

the heart of Liverpool that offers over

130 shops, plus 24 cafes, restaurants

and bars, two new hotels (Hilton and

Novotel), a 14-screen Odeon cinema

and 600 apartments, including both living

accommodation and short-term lets.

Liverpool ONE also boasts a five-acre

park, which is regularly used as a venue

for high-profile outdoor events.

Liverpool ONE was built around the

city’s existing streets and has led urban

regeneration in the city centre. It

brought with it major investment and

increased footfall, helping Liverpool to

leap from 15th to fifth in national UK

retail rankings.

Liverpool ONE is a new and exciting area

that offers retail and leisure, reconnecting

the city centre to the historic docks and

waterfront. With its cutting edge, open-

air design and a top retail and leisure mix,

Liverpool ONE has evolved the standard

of shopping in the UK and is now one

of the country’s top retail and leisure

destinations.

Visit www.liverpool-one.com

for more information.

利物浦“一家”

热爱这座城市

你所钟爱，尽在“一家”

利物浦“一家”是利物浦市中心的一个主要购物和休

闲去处，有130余家商铺，24家咖啡馆、餐厅和酒吧，

两家新开的酒店（希尔顿和诺富特），一家14个银幕

的电影院，还有600套公寓房，可供长期居住或短租。

利物浦“一家”还拥有一座占地5英亩的公园，通常被

用作一些高规格室外活动的场地。

利物浦“一家”建在城市原有街道周边，带动了城市

中心的重建，并带来重大投资和与日俱增的人气，助

使利物浦的零售业在全英排位从第15名跃至第5名。

崭新的利物浦“一家”连接着市中心与古老的码头和

水岸，在此购物、休闲令人心动。凭借其前卫的户外

设计风格和集购物、休闲于一体的一流组合，利物浦

一家代表着英国购物的新风尚，成为英国购物、休闲

的首选地之一。

更多信息请登陆www.liverpool-one.com查询。

The Palm Beach Casino in London’s exclusive Mayfair has a well deserved reputation as one of London’s most exuberant and fashionable night spots. The club boasts a superb private gaming area and a fi rst class restaurant.

位于伦敦梅菲尔的棕榈滩赌场声名遐迩，是伦敦最为繁华与时尚的夜生活之地。赌场拥有高级私人游戏场所，以及一流的餐厅设施。

Palace Gate House, 1a Palace Gate,Kensington, London W8 5LS电话: +44 (0) 207 581 0337www.maximsclub.com

30 Berkeley Street, Mayfair, London W1J 8EH电话: +44 (0) 207 493 6585www.thepalmbeach.co.uk

Queen Square, Whitechapel, Liverpool L1 1RH电话: +44 (0) 151 702 7610www.circus-casinos.co.uk/liverpool LIVERPOOL

24 Hertford Street, Mayfair, London W1J 7SA电话: +44 (0) 207 495 5000www.thecolonyclub.co.uk

30 Curzon Street, Mayfair, London W1J 7TN电话: +44 (0) 207 493 7771www.crockfords.com

43-45 Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2EF电话: +44 (0) 207 589 4041 www.thelondonmint.com

Maxims Casino Club is situated in one of London’s most historic and stylish areas - the Royal Borough of Kensington & Chelsea. Maxims has the well deserved reputation as one of the fi nest and friendliest international gaming destinations.

Maxims 赌场俱乐部位于伦敦最具历史、同时也是最时尚的地区——肯辛顿和切尔西皇家自治镇。Maxims 是全球顶级博彩俱乐部之一，其豪华程度与周到服务令其实至名归。

Colony 俱乐部是全球显赫富豪和名流最喜爱的俱乐部之一。如果您想尽情玩一把桌牌，或者想体验一下伦敦的炫酷精彩的夜生活，请到Colony 俱乐部来。

The Colony Club is a favourite of discerning patrons and celebri-ties from all over the world. It appeals to those who play the tables and also to those who want to experience a glamorous night out in a venue that epitomises the cool ambience and excitement of London.

Crockfords is situated at the heart of London’s ‘Golden Triangle’ - historic and glamorous Mayfair. The club is ideally placed for easy access to all of the capital’s fi nest hotels and exclusive shopping in Bond Street, Harrods and Fortnum and Mason.

Crockfords 位于伦敦市中心的“黄金三角”——历史悠久、充满魅力的梅菲尔地区。俱乐部地理位置优越，可以十分方便地到邦德街上最好的酒店下榻，到Harrods 以及Fortnum and Mason 等高级购物中心和购物。

www.premierlondoncasinos.co.uk

A very warm welcome awaits you.热诚欢迎您的光临。

Genting Casinos gaming clubs in the heart of London

云顶赌城伦敦市中心精彩亮相

Genting casinos have many exciting venues across the UK

云顶赌城在英国各地设有多家分店

Newcastle

Experience the Excitement of Liverpool

无限激情尽在利物浦

The Mint is very much a local gaming club where we are on fi rst name terms with our customers, just relax and enjoy a traditional casino experience. An ideal place to meet friends and play at your favourite games.

MINT 博彩俱乐部更像一家地方性俱乐部，我们和客户仅以名字相称，在这里放松并体验传统的博彩游戏。与好友欢聚一堂，共享精彩游戏！

Genting casinos have many exciting venues across the UK

云顶赌城在英国各地设有多家分店

Newcastle

Southpor t

GlasgowEdinburgh

Manchester

Nottingham

Liverpool

Birmingham

London

Leith

BlackpoolBolton

Stoke

WirrelSalford

Derby Leicester

Coventry

Southport

Luton

Reading

Bristol

Torquay

Southampton

BornemouthBrighton

Great Yarmouth

Margate

Maxims Casino

UK Casino Locations

Circus Casino

Mint Casino

For details of our London casinos see opposite

Located just metres from the exhibition is our Circus Casino which is situated in Queen Square. The casino is a vibrant and exciting venue that lives up to the reputation of the city itself. No membership is required so you can visit at any time and enjoy the wide range of games we have to offer.

马戏团赌场位于女王广场，离展览仅几步之遥。这里活力四射，充满激情，一定不辜负您对这座城市的期望。不需会员卡，随时欢迎您的到来，在我们为您准备的精彩游戏世界中尽情畅游！

Southend

the bond of friendship

Documents