The ADSHEAD DNA Project

What can it do for us ?

DNA Summary

• Some Issues• Some Possible Targets• Quick look at a bit of Technology

3,000,000,000 bases long

• 51 Sally

What can the Y chromosome tell you ?

• Direct male line followed• Little variation so can be used to identify

historical groups

• Taking haplogroups together – genes arranged on a single chromosome – gives more detail / accuracy

Variation between people

• Your DNA is not identical to the next person

• DNA differs approx every 1000 bases between people (0.1%)

• As 3 x 109 bases – 3 x 106 differences

• New variation is called mutation/variant– happens 1 / 10-9 per site per generation

Relevance of DNA to GenealogyY-DNA Analysis MtDNA Analysis

(mitochondrial)

Passed down through paternal line Passed down through maternal line

Only found in the male Found in both male and female

Tracks the surname over every generation

Each generation has a different surname

Mutates relatively quickly Mutates very slowly

Mutations can occur on average 50-500 years

Mutations can occur on average 5,000-10,000 years

Identify events in a genealogy timescale

Identify events only in a demographic timescale

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Creer Genealogy

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Creer Genealogy + Y-DNA Analysis“Ancestral Creer”

DGS - DIDP Genetic Family AGENETIC FAMILY A NEW TESTEE AS A POSSIBLE MEMBER

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

MODAL 13 25 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 14 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 31 15 16 17 17 11 11 19 23 15 16 18 17 38 39 12 13

TESTEE 13 25 14 11 11 13 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 18 27 15 15 16 17 11 11 19 23 17 16 18 17 38 38 12 12

38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67

MODAL 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 21 23 16 10 12 12 16 8 13 25 20 13 13 11 14 11 11 12 12

TESTEE 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 22 23 18 10 12 12 16 8 12 25 20 13 12 11 13 11 11 12 12

At 12 markers Genetic distance 1 possibly related

At 25 markers Genetic distance 5 unlikely but still possibly related

At 37 markers Genetic distance 10 not related

At 67 markers Genetic distance 16 not related

DGS - DIDP Genetic Family D1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37

MODAL 13 21 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 19 18 38 39 12 12

No 1 13 21 14 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 29 18 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 19 18 38 39 12 12

No 2 13 21 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 29 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 19 18 39 40 12 12

No 3 13 21 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 30 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 18 18 37 39 12 12

No 4 13 21 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 30 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 19 18 36 39 12 12

No 5 13 21 14 12 11 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 10 22 23 18 14 18 18 37 39 12 12

No 6 13 21 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 32 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 19 18 38 39 12 12

No 7 13 21 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 19 18 38 40 12 12

No 8 13 21 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 17 14 19 17 38 39 11 12

No 9 13 21 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17 10 11 22 23 18 14 19 17 38 39 12 12

No 10 13 21 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17

No 11 13 21 14 12 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 30 17 9 9 11 11 25 15 19 30 15 15 16 17

38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67

MODAL 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

No 1 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

No 2 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

No 3 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

No 4 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 14 10 12 12 16 8 13 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

No 5 11 9 15 16 8 11 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

No 6 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

No 7 11 9 15 16 8 10 10 8 10 10 12 23 23 15 10 12 12 16 8 12 23 20 13 12 11 13 10 11 12 12

Time to the Most RecentCommon Ancestor

• Typical FTDNATip Report

Conventional Research

• Do the participants in question share a common ancestor?

• How complete are their paper trails?

• Are there any inconsistencies in their paper trails?

Putting It All Together

• DNA testing can be a valuable tool in genealogical research when combined with conventional research

• Test results can be used to support a suspected connection between two families or disprove a connection

• Although it is impossible to pinpoint a common ancestor from the test results alone, with a proper paper trail you may be able to do so

Some Possible Targets

• Registered an ADSHEAD DNA Study with Family Tree DNA – 3 years ago• Waited to get a lot more documentary

evidence• What is “general” signature of ADSHEADs ?• Compare Different branches• Are we related to ADSHADE’s ?• Are we related to ADSET(T)(E)’s ?

Some Issues

• PRICE: 40 / 80 / 120 $ - set up fund• Men Only• “Non-Paternity”• Security Policy - some good guidelines

• RISKS Eg. Australian story & Lodger story

Any Interest