thailand’s science technology and innovation policy -...
TRANSCRIPT
Thailand’s Science Technology and
Innovation Policy
Pichet Durongkaveroj
Secretary General National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office, Thailand
Thailand at a glance
• An upper middle income and 2nd largest economy in ASEAN after Indonesia
• Total population of 69.5 million in 2012
• World’s Top 3 rice exporter
• World’s Top 5 sugar exporter
• World’s largest natural rubber producer and exporter
• World’s top chicken meat exporter
• World’s 2nd largest hard-disk drive exporter after China
• Auto manufacturing hub of Southeast Asia
Agriculture 8%
Industry 45%
Services 47%
GDP (2012): US$ 366 billion
Competitiveness ranking:
• 18th (from 185) in Ease of Doing Business 2013
• 38th (from 144) in Global Competitiveness Report 2012 - 2013 by World Economic Forum
• 30th (from 59) in IMD World Competitiveness Rankings 2012
2
Notes :2012 Statistics 1.There were 0.3% of the enterprises whose information on size was unavailable. 2.GDP of agricultural sector was included. 3.There were 2.2% of the export transactions whose information on the exporters’ size was unavailable. 4.1 USD = 31 Baht 5. LEs were included their diversification enterprises (12% GDP)
Employment (Persons)
Total
2,875,495 (10.80%)
No. of Enterprises (Enterprises)
4,614 (0.06%)
2,848,256 (35.83%)
3,432,006.16 (65.04%)
1,844,433.36 (34.96%)
GDP (Million Baht)
5,502,676 (55.75%)
3,503,340 (35.50%)
Exports (Million Baht)
5,276,439.52 9,869,498 26,635,183 7,950,410
Thailand Economic Profile
5,097,540 (64.12%)
9,129,747 (34.28%)
14,629,941 (54.93%)
863,482.05 (8.75%)
LES
SMEs Micro
Agriculture
3
Policy & Institutional Framework
Thailand’s Strategy 2013 New Growth Model
Improving internal process
Getting out of the middle-income
trap
Increasing Environ-mental
friendliness
Reducing social
disparity
Economic Growth & Competitiveness
Green Growth
Inclusive Growth
Better governance and public management
Human security, human development and quality of life
Improved infrastructure, R&D, and productivity
Streamlined Rules &
Regulations 5 Source: National Economic and Social Development Board, Thailand
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ระยอง
สมทรสาคร
สมทรปราการ
ฉะเชงเทรา
ปราจนบร
พระนครศรอ…
ชลบร
ภเกต
สระบร
ปทมธาน
นครปฐม
พงงา
ล าพน
สราษฎรธาน
ตราด
ราชบร
กระบ
สงขลา
นนทบร
ประจวบ
ครขนธ
ตรง
นครศรธรรมร…
ชมพร
สงหบร
ก าแพงเพชร
ระนอง
ยะลา
เพชรบร
สตล
เพชรบรณ
ลพบร
จนทบร
เชยงให
ม
พษณโลก
กาญ
จนบร
ขอนแกน
สมทรสงคราม
ชยนาท
อตรดตถ
นราธวาส
ล าปาง
สพรรณบร
นครสวรรค
นครนายก
นครราชสมา
สระแกว
พทลง
นาน
อทยธาน
ปตตาน
ตาก
อางทอง
พจตร
เชยงราย
พะเยา
สโขทย
อดรธาน
เลย
มกดาห
าร
หนองคาย
นครพ
นม
แพร
กาฬ
สนธ
อบลราชธาน
ศรสะเกษ
ชยภม
มหาสารคาม
รอยเอด
ยโสธร
สรนทร
หนองบวล าภ
บรรมย
แมฮองสอน
สกลนคร
อ านาจเจรญ
Wealth Distribution by Province
National Average excluding Bangkok = 12,045 baht
GDP per Capita (1000 baht/head/month)
20 provinces are above national
average
56 provinces are below national
average
Demand –based Policy Making for Inclusiveness
Source: The Government House
Kampangpet Province
6
Benchmarking for Strategic Alignment Kampangpet Province
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
180%
200%
ขนาดเศรษฐกจ
การเต
บโตของเศรษฐกจ
ความมงคง
ประสทธภาพแรงงาน
ประสทธภาพท
ดน
การลงทนภาครฐ
การจางงาน
เงนเฟอ
การบรโภ
คภาคเอกชน
ความยากจน
ความเหลอมล า
หนภาคครวเรอ
น การศกษา
การสาธารณสข
ผสงอาย
สทธสตร
การคมครองคนพ
การ
การจดการภยธรรมชาต
ปรมาณขยะ
การบกรกปา
มลพษ
ทางอากาศ
พลงงานทางเล
อก
ความปลอดภย
การครอบคลมของการบรการภาครฐ
การเข
าถงน าประปา
การเข
าถงไฟ
ฟา
การคมนาคมทางถนน
การคมนาคมทางราง
การเข
าถงเค
รอขายโทรศพ
ทมอถอ
การเข
าถงอนเตอรเน
ต ความผกพน
ตอองคกรของขาราชการ
คณ
ภาพของการบรการประชาชน
ประสทธภาพของระบบ
ราชการ
ประสทธภาพการจดเกบภ
าษ
ก าแพงเพชร คาเฉลยกลมจงหวด
National Average
(excluding
Bangkok)
=100%
Growth & Competitiveness Inclusive Growth
Green Growth Government Efficiency
Source: The Government House 7
Thailand’s Strategy 2013 Strategic Issues
1. Agriculture 2. Industry 3. Tourism and services 4. Infrastructure 5. Energy 6. Regional integration 7. Competitiveness
1. Education 2. Public health 3. Social welfare for all 4. Promotion of
community enterprises
and SMEs 5. Labor protection 6. Social justice 7. Anti-corruption
measures
1. Eco-industry towns 2. Reduction of GHG
emission
3. Environmental fiscal
policy 4. Rehabilitation of
natural resources and
water resource
management 5. Climate change
adaptation and
mitigation
1. Legal reform 2. Civil service
restructuring 3. Public-sector HRD 4. Tax restructuring 5. Budgeting reform 6. Government asset
utilization 7. Peace & security in
the southern border
provinces 8. Political reform
ECONOMIC
GROWTH &
COMPETITIVENESS
INCLUSIVE
GROWTH GREEN
GROWTH INTERNAL
PROCESS
8. Research & Development 8.1 Raise R&D expenditure to 1% of GDP 8.2 Promote talent mobility and S&T human resource development 8.3 Development of regional science parks
Source: National Economic and Social Development Board, Thailand 8
National Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Committee
Minister of Agriculture
and Cooperatives
Minister of
Commerce
Members of the Committee
Minister of Information &
Communication Technology
Minister of
Education
Minister of Public Health
Chairman, National Research Council Executive
Board
11 independent experts
Secretary (Permanent Secretary for Science and Technology)
Assistant Secretary (Secretary-General
of STI)
Minister of Science and Technology
Minister of
Industry
Chair
Vice-Chair
Prime Minister
9
10
Agencies under Ministry of Science and Technology
Office of the Minister
National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)
National Synchrotron Research Center (NSRC)
Ministry of Science and Technology
Department of Science Service (DSS)
Office of the Permanent Secretary
Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR)
Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP)
National Science Museum (NSM)
National Institute Of Metrology Thailand (NIMT)
Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA)
National Innovation Agency (NIA)
National Astronomical Research Institute of Thailand (NARIT)
Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT)
National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office (STI)
Hydro and Agro Informatics Institute (HAII)
Thailand Center of Excellence for Life Sciences (TCELS)
The National Science Technology and Innovation Policy and Plan 2012 - 2021
• Provide national direction for the next 10 years with periodic adjustments
• Identify Focuses and Balance between Economic and Social Development and Context for Thailand
• Preparedness for Future Changes that will have major impacts to Thai Society
• Plan derived from Intensive and Widespread Public & Stakeholders Participatory Process with Implementation Strategies Incorporated
• First Time “INNOVATION” is systematically introduced
• Address STI for development and development of STI
Source: National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office, Thailand
STI
Regionalism (ASEAN+)
Green Innovation
Energy & Environment
Demographic & Social Changes
Quality Society
Sustainable Economy
Competition & Economic Integration
Ageing Society Decentralization
Energy Security
Climate Change
Natural Resource Management
Technological Changes
Creativity Platform
Eco Production & Services
Social & Cultural Mobilization
11
The National Science Technology and Innovation Policy and Plan 2012 - 2021
Source: National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office, Thailand
5 Strategic Action Agenda
2.Enhancing Economic Competitiveness and
Flexibility
1.Empowering Society and Local Communities
5.Promoting and Supporting the Development of STI Infrastructure and Enabling Factors
4.Developing and Enhancing STI Human Capital
3.Ensuring Energy, Resource and
Environment Security
Green Innovation for Quality Society and Sustainable
Economic Growth
Rice and
Rice Products
Bio-based Energy
Rubber and
Rubber Products
Processed Food
Electrical and
Electronics
Automotive & Parts
Plastics & Petro -
chemicals
Fashion (Textiles, Jewelry, Leather)
Value-added
Tourism
Logistics and Rails
Construc-tions and Related Services
Creative &Digital Contents
Sustainable Economy
12 Target Economic Sectors
Quality Society
12
2012
R&D /GDP = 0.24 % R&D Personnel (FTE)
9.01 : 10,000
R&D expenditure (Private : Government)
38 : 62
2021: 2% 2016: 1%
(2021) 25:10,000 (2016) 15:10,000
2016-2021 70:30
STI Investment Targets
Source: National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office
Thailand Status in 2012 R&D Exp = 21,493 MB R&D Exp : Gov : Private =13,318:8,175 MB R&D Personnel = 57,220 (man-year)
13
Top 10 Private Sector R&D Investment, 2013
Chemical 3,630 mil baht
Others 1,862 mil baht
Textile 423 mil baht
Transport and Logistics
449 mil baht
Electronics 722 mil baht
Minerals 794 mil baht
Auto 920 mil baht
Electricity, Gas and Water Services 970 mil baht
Rubber and Plastic 1,125 mil baht Machinery
1,361 mil baht
Petroleum 1,553 mil baht
Food 2,375 mil baht
Source: R&D Survey, National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office, 2013
14
Private R&D Centers
Private Innovation Districts
Regional Science and Technology Parks
Systems
Physical/ Institutional Infrastructures
Strategic Sectors
R&D Tax
Deduction
Young Ph.D. Reverse
Internship Income
Contingent Loan
Researcher’s Income Tax Exemption
Industrial M.Sc./Ph.D.
Infra- structure System
Manpower System
Research System
Mechanisms/ Measures/ Schemes
Key Measures to Promote Innovation
Climate Change
and Water
Fiscal/ Financial System
THAIST
Matching Grants/ Equity
Financing
Gov’t Procurement
/Mega- Projects
Rail System
Hi-Value- Added
Industries Energy
Food Agriculture
Source: National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office
IP and Technology
Transfer System
Phase II: accelerating industry competitiveness through S&T (end of 2013 onwards) • Prioritized on 2 Innovation Clusters: Food and Automotive Parts, • Approx. 5,000 public & private personnels, • Est. 200 tenant companies. Phase III: inducing knowledge-based economy in the surrounding area.
Thailand Science Park : Accelerating Innovation
3 Development Phases:
Phase I: creating critical mass on R&D
activities and S&T services (2002-2013)
• Over 3,000 public & private personnels,
• Approx. 9% of Thailand R&D spending,
• 60+ tenant companies, 1/3 are internationals.
16
Thailand Science Parks Network
Thailand Science Park Headquarter of NSTDA and
4 National Researcher Centers Northern Science Park:
(1) Chiang Mai University (2) Maejo University (3) Naresuan University (4) Mae Fah Luang University
North Eastern Science Park: (1) Khon Kaen University (2) Suranaree University of
Technology (3) Maha Sarakham University (4) Ubon Ratchathani University
Southern Science Park: (1) Prince of Songkla University (2) Walailak University
Eastern Science Park (in the-set-up) (1) GISTDA (2) Burapha University
Northern 1. Agriculture & Food Processing 2. IT Software & Digital Content 3. Medical / Health Science/Biotechnology
North Eastern 1. Agriculture & Food
Processing 2. Hard disk drive,
Enterprise software, Embedded software
3. Mining Industries and Alternative Energy
Southern 1. Food/Agriculture 2. Proactive Medicine -Herb, Cosmetic
Thailand Science Park 1. Auto Parts 2. Organic Printed
Electronics 3. Food & Feed 4. Nano-cosmeceutical
17
Little Scientist House (HRH Sirindhorn Foundation, OBEC, NSTDA, IPST., NSM., Nanmee)
EBL (IPST)
Brain-based
Learning (OKMD)
EBL (IPST)
Science Classroom (OBEC/IPST/MOST
/POSN)
Olympiad (OBEC, IPST., POSN.)
DPST (IPST)
Chulabhorn
MWIT
SBTS (OVEC)
WiL
WiL (OHEC, STI,
KMUTNB, KMUTT, OVEC)
RGI., RRI. (TRF)
PSMT (IPST)
ODOS (MoE)
JSTP (NSTDA)
Coaching (TYSA)
THAIST (STI)
TGIST (NSTDA)
Co-STRD
(MOST)
KNIT
- STOU - NFE - On the job training - Promotion tie in with mastery - Commercial Package Training - Employer Approval
Talent Mobility (STI)
Training (OKMD) Graduate
Program (TISTR+Uni)
Science Scholars (MOST, OHEC)
UBI (OHEC) Children’s University
(NSTDA)
SCiUS (MOST)
STEM Education
Kindergarten G1-G6 G7-G9 G10-
G12/Voc. Cert.
High Voc. Cert./
Undergrad
Graduate Studies
Labour Retirement
YSTP (NSTDA)
Learning Method Enrichment/Mentoring Specialty Schools Class in School Scholarship Programme
Enabling System Formal Education/Others Life-long Learning/Training
Gifted Classroom
(IPST)
S&M Talent (IPST)
Technology Curriculum (IPST) Technology Teacher Curriculum (IPST)
Childhood SMT (IPST)
18
STI HR Development Programmes
18
To facilitate the mobility of researchers in governmental agencies and higher education institutions to industrial sector.
Talent Mobility Programme
19
Government
Industry University/
Research Institution
Industry reimburses university*
Tax incentives • BOI STI-tax • MoL 200% corp. tax • RD 200% corp. tax
Talent Mobility Committee • Project certification • Promotion/support STI Office coordinating roles: • Demand-Supply database keeping • Pushing for enabling regulations • Matching events
The Cabinet approved talent mobility to be a key performance indicator of universities and research institutions
Regulation reforms needed to encourage mobility • Continuing tenure • Academic promotion
1
2 4 3
* SMEs are exempt from reimbursement through MOST subsidy
Funding Agency
University
Research Institute
Private Company
TTO in university or
research institute
Private Firm (old and new)
TAX Revenue
Market
Financial Support for translational research
Proof of concept
Proto type
Pilot Produc
tion
Mass production
Government Fund
New products, New services, New jobs, New companies
Con
ven
tion
al
fun
din
g f
or
ba
sic a
nd
ap
pli
ed r
esea
rch
IP Creation, Registration and Licensing
Royalty income
Very risky and costly Need supports and tools such as incubation,
grants, matching grants, soft loan, loan
Write-off mechanism for funding agencies
IP o
wners
hip
1
3.1
4
3.2
2
20
Development of Innovation System through IP Management
Development of Innovation System through IP Management
Policy Measure
1. Clear Policy on Gov.
funded IP Ownership
Funding recipient, who proves to have TT
capability, is entitled to retain IP ownership of
the government sponsored research results .
2. Reform of IP
Registration System
Department of Intellectual Property (DIP) is
entitled to retain IP registration fees as well as
to have greater management flexibilities to
overcome its backlogs and improve the overall
registration system
3. Financial and tax
incentive to promote IP
Commercialization
3.1 Financial support for SMEs in the form of grant
or matching funds for scaling up of R&D
commercialization (From Lab to Market)
3.2 Tax benefit for the company’s expense on
royalty fees paid for University’s IP licenses.
4. Strengthening TT
organizations and
professionals
• Setting up a TTO Consortium and giving them enough resources to build technology transfer capabilities for TTO personnel 21
Different Dimensions of Innovation in Thailand
• Education • Community Development • Healthcare System
Dragon Bridge
• 3 main focuses: Education, Development, and Social Enterprise.
• Tuition fee is paid by doing good deeds to the communities 400 hours and planting 400 trees
• Students are parts of all committees: procurement, school management, teacher selection & evaluation, etc.
• School is off during rice growing season to help the family
• Students learn IT/computer at school and teach others.
• Collaborating with people in the community in establishing co-business.
Source: Meechai Viravaidya Foundation
Mechai Pattana School Lifelong Education & Development Center for all
Education
Bamboo Dome Buffalo Gate
23
• SBTS is national vocational
schools for gifted and
talented students who have
developed skills in invention
and technology.
• Project-Based approach
• The aim is to develop
students to become the
technologist or innovator in
the future.
Science-based Technology Schools: SBTS
Education
Suranaree Technical College, (Science Based Industrial Technology)
Phang-nga Technical College, (Innovation in Tourism)
Lamphun College of Agricuture and Technology, (Agricultural Biotechnology)
Singburi Vocational College,(Food Technology) Science Based
Technology Vocational College (Chonburi), (Science Based Industrial Technology)
Source: National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office 24
• A nationwide sustainable
development initiative launched
by the Thai government in 2001.
• It aims to promote the unique
products made by local
communities, by utilizing their
indigenous skills and
craftsmanship combined with
available natural resources and
raw materials.
One Tambon One Product: OTOP
Community Development
Source: Community Development Department , Ministry of Interior 25
Industrial Technology Assistance Program: iTAP
Investigate technological
problem
Matching supply of & demand for
technology
Technological consultancy service
Joint R&D
S&T Acquisition Program (Local & Overseas)
Training/ Workshop
Attach local expert to overseas expert, help technology transfer
to firms and universities
Funding subsidies
50:50
• More than 3,000
technology development& innovation projects since 2006
• 10 regional nodes linking with local universities and science parks with 50 project managers
26 Source: iTAP, NSTDA
Community Development
• Initiated by the Ministry of
Science and Technology
• More than 200
communities/villages across the
countries
• R&D and Technology Transfer
Program for Community & Local
Development
Innovative Communities and Science Villages
Community Development
Source: Ministry of Science and Technology
27
Source: R&D and Technology Transfer Cluster for Local Community Development and Underprivileged, NSTDA
Objective: To promote and support the reinforcement
of scientific and technological skills especially information technology skills of instructors and secondary students
Role: 1) Develop HR 2) Create Jobs 3) Promote Collaboration
Examples of Activities:
Mae Hong Son IT Valley
Organization: University - KMUTT Research Institute – NSTDA (BIOTEC NECTEC)
e-Learning System
WIMAX
Thai-Japan
Install WiMAX (wireless communications) in order to promote long distance learning
Learn Square is Opensource e-learning Management System Organize training workshops on Learning Media for teachers.
On-line Program for Cultural Exchange between Thailand and Japan
28
• Strawberry - $10,000 / year / 10 people • Tomato - $333 / year • Macademia - $5,000 / year
Organization •2nd Army •NSTDA •KMUTT •KKU •NU •Etc.
Agriculture and Food @ Community Level, Loei
Technology Transfer GHP Training
Promote Community Enterprise
Learning Center for Children
• Revolving Fund from Selling Products $43,333 / year • Dividend $1,000/year/family • Create Jobs $333/year
Income $2,000 / year
Create jobs and Promote farmers’
learning
Promote children’s learning
Promote Science Learning from Local Careers
Source: R&D and Technology Transfer Cluster for Local Community Development and Underprivileged, NSTDA
•Science Camp 4 times/year (250 participants) 29
By product Fertilizer
OUTPUT Biogas
INPUT Cow feces, Organic waste
Biogas Digester
Storage
Cost reduction: 8000 Baht (270$) 3000 Baht (100 $)
From Agriculture Waste to Energy at KHAONOI VILLAGE, PHITSANULOK
• National Health Security Act 2002
• Universal health care is provided
through three programs:
1. Civil service welfare system for
civil servants and their families
2. Social Security for private
employees
3. Universal Health Coverage to all
other Thai nationals.
• Expand health protection coverage
to 99.5% of the population
Universal Health Coverage
Healthcare System
Source: Ministry of Health
31
• Volunteers from the local communities
• Promote health awareness in the community
• Use of tablet computers to collect health information of the villagers
Village Health Volunteer
Healthcare System
Source: Ministry of Health 32
Central Government
Decentralization for Inclusiveness
Regional Administration
Local
Administration
Province District
Ministry Bureau Department
Source: Ministry of Interior
Infrastructure Development Public Services Healthcare Promotion Safety and Security Investment Promotion Management of Natural Resources and Environment
33
Institutional Framework Approaches for Inclusive Innovation
Program Top down
Bottom up
Social Enterprise
Public Private
Partner- ship
Triple Helix
Meechai Pattana School
SBTS
OTOP
iTAP
Innovative Communities and Science Villages
Universal Health Coverage
Village Health Volunteer
34
National Science Technology and Innovation Policy Office 319 ChamChuri Square Building 14th Fl., Phayathai Rd., Patumwan, Bangkok 10300, Thailand Tel: +66 2 160 5432 Fax: +66 2 160 5438 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.sti.or.th
Thank you for your attention.