texas legislature f13
TRANSCRIPT
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23 The Texas Legislature
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Structure
Texas LegislatureBicameral (2 chambers-House & Senate)
Meets for 14 !a"s in o!! "ears (2#$ 211$ etc%)
ni'ue because !oes not hae *rofessional+
legislature$ but has a citi,en legislature+
iti,ens .ee* their /obs$ in a!!ition to 0or.ing on
legislation
http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/
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Structure: Salary
Salar" .e*t lo0 relatie to other states an!
consistent 0ith in!ii!ualistic subculture+
an! !istrust of goernment
Salar" is $23session 15# *er !iem
Annual Salaries for Legislatures in last regular session
Most Populous States Annual Salary
alifornia #6$2#1
7lori!a 2#$8
9e0 :or. #$6
Texas $2
http://www.ncsl.org/Default.aspx?TabId=14785http://www.ncsl.org/Default.aspx?TabId=14785
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Structure: Texas House and
SenateTexas House of ;e*resentaties16 membersre*resenting oer 18$ constituents (21)2-"ear terms
Texas Senate51 members$ re*resenting oer fter that 6? (half or 16-18) are electe! eer" 2 "rs
http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/MnuHouse.aspxhttp://www.capitol.state.tx.us/MnuSenate.aspxhttp://www.capitol.state.tx.us/MnuSenate.aspxhttp://www.capitol.state.tx.us/MnuHouse.aspx
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Structure: Membership Reqs
Senators must be
%S% citi,ens 0ho are 'ualifie! oters
state resi!ents for fie "ears
resi!ents of the !istrict for one "ear
at least 28 "ears ol!
House ;e*resentaties must be
%S% citi,ens 0ho are 'ualifie! oters state resi!ents for t0o "ears
resi!ents of the !istrict for one "ear
at least 21 "ears ol!
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Structure: Representation in
the 83rd Senate 51 members@1#-12 ;e*ublican ma/orit" House 16 members@#6-66 ;e*ublican ma/orit" Aemogra*hics 7e0 0omen & minorities but that has change! (;an.e! 55r! in nation
for *ercentage 0omen la0ma.ers) biggest change in T Legislature (1#-#)increasing number of ;e*ublicansfrom 12%1 *ercent to 58%6 *ercent!uring 1#8s Senate ha! no ;e*ublicansTo!a" ;e*ublican ma/orit" an! has been for oer a !eca!e
T"*ical T legislatorC 0hite$ male$ Drotestant (more atholics in South T)$college e!ucate!$ la0"ers3businessman$ in 6s$ marrie!$ in ciic organi,ations$ hae
$ incumbenc"
Texas Blac. aucus Aemogra*hics changing because of Latino3Latina *o*ulation
http://www.senate.state.tx.us/assets/pdf/83FloorChart.pdfhttp://www.lrl.state.tx.us/legeLeaders/members/memberStatistics.cfmhttp://www.lrl.state.tx.us/legeLeaders/members/Women.cfmhttp://www.ncsl.org/legislatures-elections/legisdata/legislator-demographic-map.aspxhttp://texaslegislativeblackcaucus.com/members/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiIZNJ3-uikhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiIZNJ3-uikhttp://texaslegislativeblackcaucus.com/members/http://www.ncsl.org/legislatures-elections/legisdata/legislator-demographic-map.aspxhttp://www.lrl.state.tx.us/legeLeaders/members/Women.cfmhttp://www.lrl.state.tx.us/legeLeaders/members/memberStatistics.cfmhttp://www.senate.state.tx.us/assets/pdf/83FloorChart.pdf
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ender !emographics
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Race !emographics
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"hat type o# legislature does
Texas ha$e%>% Drofessional
legislature
B% Darliamentar"
legislature
% iti,en legislature
A% nicamerallegislature
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Leadership: Spea&er
The S*ea.er of the House is the chief *resi!ing officer of the House of;e*resentaties
Electe! b" all legislators at the beginning ofeach session
>**oints House committees
>ssigns bills an! resolutions to committees
The *o0er of recognition
Fotes on bills
o-chairs Legislatie ouncil$ Bu!get Boar!$an! >u!it ommittee
http://www.house.state.tx.us/speaker/welcome.htmhttp://www.house.state.tx.us/speaker/welcome.htm
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Leadership: Lt o$ernor
The Lieutenant Goernor is the *resi!ingofficer of the Senaten!ii!uall" electe! b" all Texas oters
>**oints Senate committees>ssigns bills to committees
The *o0er of recognition
Fotes onl" to brea.s ties
o-chairs Legislatie ouncil $ Bu!getBoar!$ an! >u!it ommittee
>rguabl" the most *o0erful electe! officialin Texas
Trie! to run for %S% Senate & beat b" Te!
ru, (Tea Dart" can!i!ate)
http://www.ltgov.state.tx.us/http://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/LtGov/Ltgov.htmhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TP6pVFZwrHghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TP6pVFZwrHghttp://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/LtGov/Ltgov.htmhttp://www.ltgov.state.tx.us/
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Leadership: Sources o# the
Leadership's (o)er
9o ma/orit" an! minorit" *art" lea!ersLimite! a**ointments base! on *art" affiliation
Less *artisan than at fe!eral leel (in theor"@in recent"ears 'uite a bit of turmoil oer *art")
The S*ea.er an! Lt% GoernorIs *o0ers come fromrules ote! on in each chamber
Iron Texas Star+
Similar to the iron triangle at the national leel>genc"$ congressional committee$ an! interest grou*Texas mo!el inclu!es t0o more interests@the lieutenant
goernor an! the s*ea.er of the house an! the goernor(0ith the item eto oer the state bu!get)
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*ommittees
Stan!ingDermanent$ single-chamber$ la0ma.ing authorit"
onference
Tem*orar"$ !ual-chamber$ la0ma.ing authorit"JointDermanent$ !ual-chamber$ a!isor" authorit"
(Legislatie Bu!get Boar!)
SelectTem*orar"$ single or !ual-chamber$ a!isor"
authorit" (House Select ommittee$ Emergenc"
Dre*are!ness)
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+iennial sessions o# the
Legislature
Texas onstitution s*ecifies regular legislatie sessions
Biennial - sessions eer 2 "ears beginning secon! Tues!a" in Januar" of o!!-numbere!
"ears & goes for no longer than 14 !a"s (b" Ma" 51)
onl" 1 of states to hae biennial sessions
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,genda clearing
Biennial sessions create *roblems for the legislatureLimits the abilit" to !eal 0ith the agen!a
reates trouble clearing the agen!a at the en! of thelegislatie session
*rior to 1##5 big *roblem
about
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-ssues: ,genda 2./
;ules *asse! 2# *reent the consi!eration
of ne0 bills 0ithin the last 1 !a"s
24 hours *roi!e! to House members to stu!"
ma/or legislation *rior to floor actions
Aone to curb the amount of last minute
legislation
oncerns about Ghost Foting
211 sessionC Dro*ose!C $5@HouseK 5$512@Senate
15 la0s *asse!
http://www.kxan.com/dpp/news/politics/ghost-voting-continues-in-texas-househttp://www.kxan.com/dpp/news/politics/ghost-voting-continues-in-texas-house
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Special Sessions 0
+et)een Sessions
Goernor ma" call a s*ecial sessionGoernor sets the agen!a & onl" !eals 0ith issue
Goernor 0ants a!!resse!
alle! b" Goernor for no more than 5 !a"s
*roblems 0ith s*ecial sessionsex*ensie$ har! on legislators$ increases 0or.loa!
Bet0een legislatie sessionsCMembers sere on interim committees
Members maintain other full-time /obs
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"hich o# the #ollo)ing is 1T one o#
the points o# the Texas -ron Star4%
>% >genc"
B% ongressional
committee% nterest grou*
A% Goernor
E% Businesses
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(o)ers o# the Legislature
Legislatie *o0ersC *assing bills an! resolutions
Bills often intro!uce! at same time in both chambers to
moe it more 'uic.l";eenue bills must originate in the House
9on-legislatie *o0ersConstituent *o0ers
Electoral *o0ersnestigatie an! Ju!icial Do0ers
Airectie an! Su*erisor" *o0ers
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+ills
>n"one can 0rite a bill$ but onl" legislators can
intro!uce a bill%
Six Ste*s 7rom Bill to La0C
ntro!uction;eferral
Stan!ing ommittee >ctionHouse ommittees
Senate ommittees7loor >ction
onference ommittee
GoernorIs Signature or Feto
http://www.house.state.tx.us/committees/welcome.htmhttp://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/Commit.htmhttp://www.senate.state.tx.us/75r/senate/Commit.htmhttp://www.house.state.tx.us/committees/welcome.htm
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Resolutions
;esolutions> more limite! sco*e an! lac.s the force of a
*ublic la0%
5 t"*es of resolutionsConcurrent resolutionsSimilar to sim*le but nee! both chambers$ a!/ournment
Joint resolutionsMeans of announcing *ro*ose! constitutional amen!ments to
*ublic
Sim*le resolutionsHouse.ee*ing$ *roce!ural rules$ birth!a" 3 congratulator"
announcements
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Re$enue
Strict limits on legislatie authorit"
authori,ing state !ebt
om*troller re'uire! to ensure fun!s are
aailable *rior to a**ro*riations being *asse!
Texas *er ca*ita state !ebt lo0 as a result
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+ill +loc&ing
7ilibuster (Senate)C Texas State Senator Bill
Meier hol!s 0orl! recor! for filibuster in 1#
b" tal.ing for 45 hours straight
hubbingC a!!ing senseless amen!ments to
bills to ma.e them un-*assable or !ebating a
bill of no interest to *reent the intro!uction of
a controersial billDoc.etingC *resi!ing officers *oc.et bills
rather than sen! them to the floor
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=REU_cfdRWi8http://www.texastribune.org/texas-politics/texas-house-of-representatives/texplainer-what-is-chubbing/http://www.texastribune.org/texas-politics/texas-house-of-representatives/texplainer-what-is-chubbing/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=REU_cfdRWi8
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*onstitution
Members of either chamber ma" intro!uce a
/oint resolution to amen! the constitution
Joint resolution is a**roe! b" 235 ote
Foters *ass the amen!ment to the constitution
b" a sim*le ma/orit"
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5lectoral
;e!istricting affects *art" re*resentationAone eer" 1 "ears after the fe!eral census21 census & Texas re!istricting
16 Texas House an! 51 Texas Senate !istrictsne-*erson$ one-ote *rinci*le
211 T re!istricting minorit" ote !ilution challenge
hen legislature fails to re!istrict
Legislatie ;e!istricting Boar! (L;B) !eci!es7inal *lan a**roe! b" a 5 /u!ge *anelMa/orit" Minorit" regions 21 census
http://www.texastribune.org/audio/2010/jun/02/drawing-lines/http://www.tlc.state.tx.us/redist/process_lrb.htmlhttp://www.texastribune.org/library/data/census-2010/http://www.texastribune.org/library/data/census-2010/http://www.tlc.state.tx.us/redist/process_lrb.htmlhttp://www.texastribune.org/audio/2010/jun/02/drawing-lines/
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5lectoral 6 Redistricting 2///
21 Aemocratic ma/orit" in Texas legislature sets out
boun!aries
22 elections ;e*ublicans ta.e control of Texas
legislature25 Ma/orit" Lea!er Tom AeLa" begins organi,ing to
re!istrict lines that ha! been !ra0n
AeLa" relies on Texans for a Republican Majority
T;MD> 0or.e! 0ith Aela" to create ;e*ublican
controlle! !istricts follo0ing the 2 census
oncerns that AeLa" funneling monies through
organi,ations in iolation of cam*aign finance la0s
http://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/70377/june-08-2006/better-know-a-district---texas--22nd---tom-delayhttp://www.colbertnation.com/the-colbert-report-videos/70377/june-08-2006/better-know-a-district---texas--22nd---tom-delay
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5lectoral 6 Redistricting 2///
Aemocrats unha**" about re!istricting flee state to .ee* from
being calle! into session
T House 0ent to .lahoma for 4 !a"s to *reent a 'uorum
62 Aemocrats .no0n as the Niller As+
T Senate 0ent to 9e0 Mexico for almost 2 months to
*reent a 'uorum
11 Aemocrats .no0n as the Texas 11+
Sto**e! a 'uorum being calle! in >ustin so T legislaturecoul! not ote
Go% Derr" calle! 5 s*ecial sessions before re!istricting *lan
*asse!
7inall" resole!$ but after much struggle
http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/wed-may-14-2003/austin-powerlesshttp://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/wed-may-14-2003/austin-powerless
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5lectoral
Ma* of current !istricts
State legislature !eci!esHouse !istricts
Senate !istricts
%S% ongressional Aistricts
http://gis1.tlc.state.tx.us/http://gis1.tlc.state.tx.us/
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5lectoral
League of United Latin Am. Citizens v. Perry (28) 6-4
S Su*reme ourt u*hel! challenge to the 25
re!istricting *lan of T ;e*ublican-frien!l"
congressional election boun!ariesourt concerne! about !isenfranchisement of Latino
oters in South & est Texas
oncern in Aistrict 26 about 0hether racial
gerr"man!er 7or the most *art$ allo0e! re!istricting *lan to stan!
;e!istricting reisite!
http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2005/2005_05_204http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/mon-january-30-2012/lou-dobbshttp://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/mon-january-30-2012/lou-dobbshttp://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2005/2005_05_204http://www.oyez.org/cases/2000-2009/2005/2005_05_204
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5lectoral
Shelby County v. Holder (215) 6-4 FactsC Foting ;ights >ct (1#86) - O 6 *rohibits certain states from
changing election la0s & *roce!ures 0ithout *re-clearance from the
S Justice Ae*t% or an alternate 5-/u!ge *anel in A% O 4b !efines
those states (those 0ith a recent histor" of !iscrimination 0hen theF;> 0as 0ritten)%
QuestionC Aoes the rene0al of Section 6 of the Foter ;ights >ct un!er
the constraints of Section 4(b) excee! ongressI authorit" un!er the
7ourteenth an! 7ifteenth >men!ments$ an! therefore iolate the Tenth
>men!ment an! >rticle 7our of the onstitutionPHolingC O 4b is unconstitutional because it im*oses current bur!ens
that are no longer res*onsie to the current con!itions in the oting
!istricts in 'uestion+ an! !oes not reflect an" changes that hae
occurre! since it 0as enacte!%
Texas still !ealing 0ith re!istricting issues
http://www.oyez.org/cases/2010-2019/2012/2012_12_96http://txredistricting.org/http://txredistricting.org/http://www.oyez.org/cases/2010-2019/2012/2012_12_96
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-n Shelby Co. v. Holder 72/39 the Supreme *ourt
declared preclearance unconstitutional.
>% True%
B% 7alse% The" onl" hel!that the current
*roce!ure for
!efining 0hich statesmust go through the
*reclearance *rocess
is unconstitutional%
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-n$estigati$e 0 ;udicial
nestigatieersight of arious state agencies (agencies
re*ort to legislature)
Sub*oena 0itnesses an! com*el !ocuments(committees$ /oint 3 single chamber)
Ju!icial
;esembles national leel im*eachment an! trial *rocee!ings
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!irecti$e 0 Super$isory
Su*erision of the bureaucrac" through the
bu!getar" *rocess an! the Sunset >ct%
Texas Sunshine La0s to facilitate *ublic
information
Texas *en Meeting la0s to facilitate
*artici*ation
http://sunshinereview.org/index.php/Texas_Public_Information_Acthttp://sunshinereview.org/index.php/Texas_Open_Meetings_Acthttp://sunshinereview.org/index.php/Texas_Open_Meetings_Acthttp://sunshinereview.org/index.php/Texas_Public_Information_Act
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Legislati$e -mmunities
mmune to being sue! for slan!er or hel!
accountable for statements ma!e !uring the
course of legislatie *rocee!ings
9ot exten!e! outsi!e of those *rocee!ings
Ma" not be arreste! 0hile atten!ing legislatie
meetings or traeling to or from those
meetingsExce*tion if charge! 0ith treason$ felon"$ or
breach of *eace
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-ssues: Lobbyists
Thousan!s of lobb"ists attem*t to conince
legislators to su**ort the interests the"
re*resent%
Thought that there is more *ressure on citi,en
legislature+ but not clear
Texas Ethics ommission trac.s lobb"ists
http://www.ethics.state.tx.us/dfs/loblists.htmhttp://www.ethics.state.tx.us/dfs/loblists.htm
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The Texas Legislature meets<
>% annuall"%
B% in een "ears%
% in o!! "ears%A% at the bar eer"
7ri!a"%
Th t t l i l t i ibl # d i
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The state legislature is responsible #or dra)ing
congressional district lines a#ter the census is
ta&en e$ery / years in a process called<
>% re!istricting%
B% ote !ilution%
% rea**ortionment%A% *reclearance%
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,dditional Resources
The Legislatie ouncil (;eie0 *ro*ose!
constitutional amen!ment !escri*tions)
Texas State Secretar" of State (fin! out 0hose
running for office 0here)
TexLeg nternshi* *rogram
Senator Gregor" Luna Legislatie Scholar 7e
llo0s DrogramTexLege a** for iDa!$ iDo!$ iDhone
http://www.tlc.state.tx.us/http://www.sos.state.tx.us/http://www.rodneyellis.com/tliphttp://tshrc.org/luna-scholars-fellows-program/http://tshrc.org/luna-scholars-fellows-program/http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/texlege/id326478866?mt=8http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/texlege/id326478866?mt=8http://tshrc.org/luna-scholars-fellows-program/http://tshrc.org/luna-scholars-fellows-program/http://www.rodneyellis.com/tliphttp://www.sos.state.tx.us/http://www.tlc.state.tx.us/