terrestrial impact craters and their projectile · pdf fileterrestrial impact craters and...
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TERRESTRIAL IMPACT CRATERS AND THEIR PROJECTILE TYPES
Arnold [email protected]
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
INTERNATIONAL METEOR CONFERENCE, POREČ, CROATIA, 24th-27th September 2009
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QUESTIONS
What are the chemistry and source of projectiles falling on Earth?
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Impact cratering is a key planetary process in the Impact cratering is a key planetary process in the Solar SystemSolar System
MarsMars
MoonMoon
MerMercurycury
IdaIda--243243
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Before the impact
• Discovered: Eugene & Carolyn Shoemaker és David Levy (March 1993 )
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During the impacts
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Series of an impact event: Shomaker-Levy-9 (SL-9 1993)Jupiter
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Formation stages of impact craters
D<Dth
D>Dth
Shock wave
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Geographic Distribution of Known Impact StructuresThis image shows the geographic distribution of about 176 structures that have been positively identified to date as impact structures based on the presence of shock-metamorphic effects and/or the presence of a meteoritic component or fragments at the structure.
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Geological and Mineralogical Indicators of an Impact CraterGeological and Mineralogical Indicators of an Impact Crater
Shatter cones
Shock-induced microstructures
Impact Melts
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Clearwater West and East (Canada): Binary Impactor
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Above sea level
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4179 ToutatisComputer images of 4179 Toutatis, which could have a binary impactor system.
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Kuiper BeltA large body of small objects orbiting (the short period comets) the Sun in a radial zone extending outward from the orbit of Neptune (30 AU) to about 50 AU. Pluto maybe the biggest of the Kuiper Belt object. Oort CloudLong Period Comets (period > 200 years) seems to come mostly from a spherical region at about 50,000 AU from the Sun.
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Gederis and Claeys 2004
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Gederis and Claeys 2004
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Gederis and Claeys 2004
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Gederis and Claeys 2004
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CONCLUSIONS
Ordinary chondrites dominate and are distributed in two impact clusters-LHB?
Large craters formed by non-magmatic iron meteorites.
Single CC impact known at KTB.
Archean impacts are also related to CC.
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Thank you very much for your attention.