ten years of open content
DESCRIPTION
Slides for the General Session talk I gave at Open Education 2008 in Logan, Utah.TRANSCRIPT
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10 Years of Open Content
David Wiley, PhDBrigham Young University
Instructional Psychology & Technology
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History?
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http://flickr.com/photos/scragz/91147636/
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Personal history
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http://www.marshall.edu/finance/avpadmin/BlockM.jpg
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http://flickr.com/photos/jamoker/502625172/
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http://adsoftheworld.com/media/print/ana_bookstore?size=_original
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Free software
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http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Stallman/Images/saintignucius.jpg
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http://www.flickr.com/photos/49968232@N00/2549830623http://www.flickr.com/photos/95229107@N00/1817276189 http://www.flickr.com/photos/95229107@N00/2125865619
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“Freedom”
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http://flickr.com/photos/henrikmoltke/2713574899/
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Winter, 1998
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http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/files/www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/nodes/2565/raymond007-5-2.jpg
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“Goodbye, Free Software; Hello, Open Source”
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http://www.digijet.net/img/opensource.gif
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http://www-acerc.byu.edu/Figures/BYUMedallionSM1.jpg
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Let’s do this for content
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A GPL for content?
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free? open?
education? culture? content? materials?
stuff? works?
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OpenContent Principles / License (OP/L)
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Principles in a license?
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http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Stallman/Images/saintignucius.jpg
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/ImageNupedia.png
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Little uptake in education
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Education = Publishers
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So, in 1999...
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http://flickr.com/photos/x180/888971170/
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Would you publish openly?
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What do publishers want?
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Protect from undercutting
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What do authors want?
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Recognition
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Protect work’s integrity
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Open Publication License
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Allows what you’d expect
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Requires attribution
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Two options
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Option ATo prohibit distribution of substantively modified
versions without the explicit permission of the author(s)
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Option BTo prohibit any publication of this work or derivative
works in whole or in part in standard (paper) book form for commercial purposes unless prior permission is
obtained from the copyright holder.
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Much better uptake!
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http://gimp-savvy.com/BOOK/grokking-the-gimp.gif
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But there were problems
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OP/L vs OPL
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Calling both the “open content license”
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OPL options A and B
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Who named these?!?
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And how do I tell?
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btw, I’m not a lawyer
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How do we fix this?
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We don’t have to!
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http://flickr.com/photos/35034363287@N01/2236177028/
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Dec 2002, CC licenses
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1.0 licenses
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Attribution election
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Noncommercial election
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No Derivatives election
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Not one license w/ options
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Multiple, named licenses
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CC By or
CC By-NC-ND
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(Still a button problem)
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2.0 licenses
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Attribution mandatory
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(Back to OPL structure)
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Later fixed the buttons!
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Skipping ahead... (GFDL)
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Where are we today?
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How much open content?
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Over 75,000,000 photos (CC)
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Over 7,000,000 articles (GFDL)
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10,818 Albums, 6,186 Artists (CC)
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430,000 audio recordings (CC)
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8,000 Songs, 580 Albums, 250 Artists (CC)
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417,000 Videos (CC)
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125,871 Moving Images, 51,454 Live audio,276,179 Audio recordings, 466,065 Texts (var)
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And in education?
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“Open Educational Resources” (2002)
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4,000 university courses (CC)
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500 university textbooks (var)
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16,000 K-12 curriculum units (CC)
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Over 1600 individuals and 160 organizations
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Not bad for 10 years!
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The next 10 years?
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4 books in 25 university beta fall 08 (CCPlus)
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Public, online, exclusively open curriculumApproved 2008, Opens 2009
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The disaggregation of higher education
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HE provides:
• Content
• Learning support
• Credentials
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From nothing to here in 10 years...
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Rate of disaggregation will continue to increase
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Next 10 years look very exciting!
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Where will you take OE?
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Thank You
http://davidwiley.org/